Luisa Ruz - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Luisa Ruz

Parasarus Ruz, new genus, is described and il-lustrated. This genus of small, black, ground nest-... more Parasarus Ruz, new genus, is described and il-lustrated. This genus of small, black, ground nest-ing panurgines is found in Chile and Catamarca Province, Argentina. It is based on P. atacamensis Ruz, new species (described herein), from north-ern Chile, and contains a number ofother species, yet to be named. Biological information about P. atacamensis includes: pollen sources, nest archi-tecture, provisioning, oviposition habits, egg de-scription, larval defecation habits, and cuckoo bee parasitism. The mature larva is described taxo-nomically, illustrated, and compared with larvae of Protandrena, Pseudopanurgus, and Pterosarus. RESUMEN Se describe e ilustra un nuevo genero de Pan-urginae, Parasarus Ruz. Las especies de este ge-nero son pequeiias, negras, anidan en el suelo y se encuentran en Chile y en la Provincia de Cata-marca, Argentina. Parasarus, basado en P. ata-camensis Ruz, n. sp. (especie que aqui se describe), se encuentra en el Norte de Chile, y contiene ade-mas varias o...

Material suplementario a la nota "Las razones de por qué Chile debe detener la importación d... more Material suplementario a la nota "Las razones de por qué Chile debe detener la importación del abejorro comercial Bombus terrestris y comenzar a controlarlo".<br>Se incluyen tres documentos en formato PDF/A:1) Nota publicada en De Morgen sobre la importación de abejorros exóticos en Sudamérica (en flamenco).2) Traducción del flamenco al español de la nota publicada en De Morgen.3) Réplica de la empresa Biobest.<br>

Abstract: Oligolectic bees collect pollen from one or a few closely related species of plants, wh... more Abstract: Oligolectic bees collect pollen from one or a few closely related species of plants, whereas polylectic bees visit a variety of flowers for pollen. Because of their more restricted range of host plants, it maybe expected that specialists exist in smaller, more isolated populations, with lower effective population sizes than generalists. Consequently, we hypothesized that oligolectic bees have reduced levels of genetic variation relative to related polylectic species. To test this hypothesis, we used five phylogenetically independent pairs of species in which one member was oligolectic and the other was polylectic. We assayed genetic variation in our species pairs at an average of 32 allozyme loci. Within each species pair, the oligolectic member had fewer polymorphic loci, lower average allelic richness, and lower average expected heterozygosity than its polylectic relative. Averaged over all species pairs, this corresponds to a 21 % reduction in allelic richness, a 72 % r...

Las abejas son un grupo muy diverso que comprenden aproximadamente 20.000 especies descritas alre... more Las abejas son un grupo muy diverso que comprenden aproximadamente 20.000 especies descritas alrededor del mundo. A la fecha, en Chile se han registrado 424 especies pertenecientes a las familias Colletidae (148 spp.), Apidae (87 spp.), Megachilidae (70 spp.), Andrenidae (58 spp.) y Halictidae (61 spp.), con un porcentaje de endemismo que alcanza el 70%. En este trabajo se presenta una lista actualizada de las especies citadas para Chile proporcionando, ademas, informacion acerca de la distribucion geografica de estos taxa en el territorio nacional.

Gayana (Concepción), 2018

La crisis mundial de polinización no solo es producida por la pérdida de polinizadores, sino tamb... more La crisis mundial de polinización no solo es producida por la pérdida de polinizadores, sino también por su homogeneización, ambos procesos causados por el ser humano. En este documento analizamos los impactos ecológicos que justifi can la prohibición de nuevos ingresos del abejorro comercial Bombus terrestris a Chile. Esta especie es altamente invasiva y ha sido prohibida en otros países, pero en Chile se permite su ingreso desde 1997. Miles de colonias y reinas fertilizadas ingresan al país cada año y se expanden por el resto de Sudamérica. En este artículo entregamos once razones para detener los ingresos de B. terrestris a Chile y comenzar a controlarlo. Justifi camos estas razones en base al trabajo realizado tanto en el país como fuera de él. Al mismo tiempo, a través de las conclusiones, mencionamos cuáles deberían ser los pasos a seguir respecto a la prohibición de ingreso de B. terrestris a Chile.

Genome, 2017

We compare the diversity of bees in the Chilean fauna as understood from traditional taxonomy-bas... more We compare the diversity of bees in the Chilean fauna as understood from traditional taxonomy-based catalogues with that currently known from DNA barcodes using the BIN system informed by ongoing morphology-based taxonomic research. While DNA barcode surveys of the Chilean bee fauna remain incomplete, it is clear that new species can readily be distinguished using this method and that morphological differentiation of distinct barcode clusters is sometimes very easy. We assess the situation in two genera in some detail. In Lonchopria Vachal one “species” is readily separable into two BINs that are easily differentiated based upon male mandibular and genitalic morphology (characters generally used in this group) as well as female hair patterns. Consequently, we describe Lonchopria (Lonchopria) heberti Packer and Ruz, new species. For Liphanthus Reed, a large number of new species has been detected using DNA barcoding and considerable additional traditional morphological work will be r...

Acta Entomologica Chilena, 2005

A new genus and species of panurgine bee, Neffapis longilingua Ruz, is described from the souther... more A new genus and species of panurgine bee, Neffapis longilingua Ruz, is described from the southern end ofthe Atacama desert ofChile. Associated with the plant Malesherbia humilis Poeppig from which it gathers pollen, this bee is remarkable because of its elongate glossa and labial palpi, presumably adaptations for reaching the nectaries of the host flower. Its biology is described, including the following: nesting site characteristics, nest architecture , provisioning, egg deposition, larval feeding habits, larval defecation, phenology, mating, and parasitism. The egg, mature larva, and pupa are also described. The phylogenetic relationships of this bee to other panurgine groups is briefly discussed, but no certain affinities can be established at this time in spite of the abundant information concerning the anatomy ofadults and immatures stages. RESUMEN Un nuevo genero y especie de abeja panurginae, Neffapis longilingua Ruz, se describe para el extremo Sur del Desierto de Atacama de Chile. Asociada con la planta Malesherbia humilis Poeppig, de la cual obtiene el polen, esta abeja se destaca por su larga glosa y palpo labial, lo que presumiblemente corresponde a adaptaciones para alcanzar los nectarios de la flor huesped. La descripci6n de su biologia incluye los siguientes aspectos: caracteristicas del area de nidificacion, arquitectura del nido, aprovisionamiento, postura del huevo, habitos alimenticios de la larva, fenologia, copula y parasitismo. Ademas se describe: huevo, larva madura y pupa. Las relaciones filogeneticas de esta abeja con otros grupos de panurginae son brevemente discutidas, aunque afinidades entre ellos aun no ha sido posible establecer con certeza, a pesar de la abundante informaci6on concerniente a la anatomia de adultos y de estados inmaduros.

Folia Entomologica Mexicana, 1990

Zootaxa, 2013

Sex anomalies are one of the best-known cases of teratology among wild bees with different terms ... more Sex anomalies are one of the best-known cases of teratology among wild bees with different terms used to differentiate among such abnormalities. Gynandromorphs are individuals with genetically distinct male and female tissues while intersexes are genetically uniform individuals with expression of sexual features of the opposite sex. Among the three commonly accepted gynandromorph categories—bilateral symmetry, transverse and mixed (or mosaic)—the relative proportion of each gynanders category described in the literature shows the transverse and mosaic as the most frequently observed cases among wild bees (Michez et al. 2009; Hinojosa- Díaz et al. 2012). In bees, gynandromorphs are recorded from 117 species in 30 genera of all families being mostly recorded from the long-tongued bees in Apinae and Megachilinae (Wcislo et al. 2004; Michez et al. 2009; Hinojosa-Díaz et al. 2012, Lucia et al. 2012).

Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment, 2009

Neotropical solitary bee-hunting wasps of the genus Trachypus (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae) are ecol... more Neotropical solitary bee-hunting wasps of the genus Trachypus (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae) are ecologically and behaviourally little known. Here, we report information on prey types used by the digger wasp Trachypus denticollis Spinola in central Chile. Female wasps hunted at least 12 species of prey in five families, with Halictidae the most commonly represented. Brood cells are filled with one to eight prey. Cells with greater numbers of prey contained fewer species than expected, suggesting a temporal constancy in individual prey use. A positive linear relationship exists between the number of prey stored in a cell and their total biomass. Larger females tended to collect larger bees than did smaller females; however, because wasp and prey size distributions did not overlap, small wasps may be not constrained to a narrower prey spectrum compared to large ones. We conclude that prey size is an important factor determining prey use in T. denticollis, and these findings match that observed for species of the sister beewolf genus Philanthus and other philanthine wasps.

Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 2007

The purposes of this work are to describe and illustrate five distinctive new species of the bee ... more The purposes of this work are to describe and illustrate five distinctive new species of the bee genus Protandrena Cockerell from the higher tropical Andes (2000-3400 m), and to make their names available in forthcomings papers on their biology. Panurgine bees are diverse and abundant in temperate areas of the Americas but poorly represented to nearly absent in the tropics (Michener 2000). As far as we know, only a few species in the genera Acamptopoeum Cockerell and Protandrena occur in the northwestern part of South America, from Venezuela to Ecuador (Gonzalez 2004; Gonzalez & Engel 2004). The Protandrena species described in this work, as well as at least three other presumably related species from the Peruvian and Bolivian Andes, have the following characteristics in common: body predominantly dark brown to black, two submarginal cells (Fig. 1), propodeal triangle basally glabrous, and mesoscutum finely punctured. The sixth sternum of the male has a V-shaped midapical emargination (Figs. 13-16), and the tibial scopa of the female is sparsely covered with simple or minutely branched hairs. Thus, in the key to the subgenera of Protandrena of Michener (2000), these species run out to the subgenus Heterosarus Robertson. However, they differ from Heterosarus and any other known

Bulletin of zoological nomenclature, 1992

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Journal of Animal Ecology, 2014

Summary The Palaearctic Bombus ruderatus (in 1982/1983) and Bombus terrestris (1998) have both be... more Summary The Palaearctic Bombus ruderatus (in 1982/1983) and Bombus terrestris (1998) have both been introduced into South America (Chile) for pollination purposes. We here report on the results of sampling campaigns in 2004, and 2010–2012 showing that both species have established and massively expanded their range. Bombus terrestris, in particular, has spread by some 200 km year−1 and had reached the Atlantic coast in Argentina by the end of 2011. Both species, and especially B. terrestris, are infected by protozoan parasites that seem to spread along with the imported hosts and spillover to native species. Genetic analyses by polymorphic microsatellite loci suggest that the host population of B. terrestris is genetically diverse, as expected from a large invading founder population, and structured through isolation by distance. Genetically, the populations of the trypanosomatid parasite, Crithidia bombi, sampled in 2004 are less diverse, and distinct from the ones sampled later. C...