Anne Lusk - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Anne Lusk
China, the Bicycle Kingdom, has had some of the most outstanding bicycle infrastructure in the wo... more China, the Bicycle Kingdom, has had some of the most outstanding bicycle infrastructure in the world. Though bicyclists are now fewer in China, much bicycle infrastructure remains. Bicycling should still be fostered because of the many health benefits, including lowered risk for obesity, diabetes, stroke, cancer and cardiovascular disease. Yet, due to high pollution levels, bicycling may not be as highly beneficial for health in certain cities. For issuing life insurance, it may be worthwhile to understand the health benefits from bicycling and the potential risks from pollution. For understanding weatherrelated disaster risk, it may be useful to know if a well-designed bicycle network exists for residents to routinely travel to maintain their health, to flee, or to effectively respond to emergencies. One study found that children who bicycled were more physically and metabolically fit. Bicycling is beneficial for fitness, cardiovascular health, all-cause mortality, coronary heart disease morbidity, mortality, cancer risk and overweight/obesity. Research conducted in Hangzhou, China found that car owners were more likely to be overweight/obese. A study in Jiangsu, China found that walking and bicycling were not beneficial for health.
Sustainability
With climate change and inequities, this study assessed the willingness of affordable-housing and... more With climate change and inequities, this study assessed the willingness of affordable-housing and middle-income residents to buy an electric vehicle (EV) if they had a charging station at their home, the likelihood of buying an EV in 2 years, ideal charger locations, and payment preferences for installation. The new Green Books revealed charger opportunities. Volunteers completed paper surveys in Brookline, MA, in an affordable housing complex (n = 37) and a middle-income neighborhood (n = 128) (Total n = 165). Brookline is unique because drivers cannot leave their cars curbside overnight, and local historic districts (LHDs) require aesthetic charger-installations. Descriptive statistics (yes + likely) revealed that affordable housing (70%) and middle-income (65%) respondents would lease or buy a secondhand EV if they had a charging station where they park their car at their home. Affordable housing (43%) and middle-income (38%) respondents were more neutral about buying an EV in th...
Journal of Family & Consumer Sciences, 2022
See next page for additional authors
Background Bicycling is healthy but needs to be safer for more to bike. Police crash templates ar... more Background Bicycling is healthy but needs to be safer for more to bike. Police crash templates are designed for reporting crashes between motor vehicles, but not between vehicles/bicycles. If written/drawn bicycle-crash-scene details exist, these are not entered into spreadsheets. Objective To assess which bicycle-crash-scene data might be added to spreadsheets for analysis. Methods Police crash templates from 50 states were analysed. Reports for 3350 motor vehicle/bicycle crashes (2011) were obtained for the New York City area and 300 cases selected (with drawings and on roads with sharrows, bike lanes, cycle tracks and no bike provisions). Crashes were redrawn and new bicycle-crash-scene details were coded and entered into the existing spreadsheet. The
![Research paper thumbnail of Inj Prev Published Online First: [please include Day Month Year] doi:10.1136/](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/100841792/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](injuryprev-2014-041317 Background Bicycling is healthy but needs to be safer for more to bike. Po... more injuryprev-2014-041317 Background Bicycling is healthy but needs to be safer for more to bike. Police crash templates are designed for reporting crashes between motor vehicles, but not between vehicles/bicycles. If written/drawn bicycle-crash-scene details exist, these are not entered into spreadsheets. Objective To assess which bicycle-crash-scene data might be added to spreadsheets for analysis. Methods Police crash templates from 50 states were analysed. Reports for 3350 motor vehicle/bicycle crashes (2011) were obtained for the New York City area and 300 cases selected (with drawings and on roads with sharrows, bike lanes, cycle tracks and no bike provisions). Crashes were redrawn and new bicycle-crash-scene details were
In a light-hearted departure from typical conference proceedings, this paper identifies the need ... more In a light-hearted departure from typical conference proceedings, this paper identifies the need for research related to greenways and attempts to entice the conference scholars into undertaking such studies. Greenways are long, skinny connecting corridors for nature, recreation and transportation which need the attention of academicians and researchers to move into mainstream America.
URBAN DESIGN International, 2020
Understanding the concept of place is critically important for urban design and place-making prac... more Understanding the concept of place is critically important for urban design and place-making practice, and this research attempted to investigate the pathways by which perceived urban design qualities (PUDQs) infuence placeness factors in the Chinese context. Twelve hypotheses were developed and combined in a structural equation model for validation. The Tanhualin historical district in Wuhan, China was selected for the analysis. As a result, place attachment was verifed as a critical bridge factor that mediated the infuence of PUDQs on place satisfaction. Among the fve selected PUDQs, walkability and space quality were revealed as the most infuential factors associated with place attachment and place satisfaction. Accessibility was actually indirectly benefcial to place-making via the mediation of walkability. Corresponding implications and strategies were discussed to maintain the sense of place for historic districts.
BMJ, 2020
Safer cycling benefits people, the planet, and the local economy
Dissertation (Ph.D.)--University of Michigan.
Background: Vehicle/bicycle crashes of a certain level of severity are recorded by police in all ... more Background: Vehicle/bicycle crashes of a certain level of severity are recorded by police in all 50 states using templates that have been individualized by the state police department. In some instances, standardized templates are used by state police departments. Much information is entered as code but other information requested on the template does not have corresponding codes. Only the coded data is provided in data sets that then are combined with other data sets for analysis (EMS, ICD-9 Codes, etc.). Method: State templates were collected from all 50 states using the web and contact with the state police departments. These templates were analyzed to determine the information most relevant to a vehicle/bicycle crash and what, of this information, had a corresponding code for data entry and later analysis. Results: All state police records included coded data for involvement of a pedal cyclist and indication of a helmet. The sides of the vehicle were included for impact but only...
Landscape and Urban Planning, 2014
h i g h l i g h t s • Oppressiveness is important because of the evolution of urban form through ... more h i g h l i g h t s • Oppressiveness is important because of the evolution of urban form through the history. • The physical properties of high-rise buildings in urban environment cause oppressiveness. • Trees and sky alleviate oppressiveness; sky improves perception of spaciousness.
Landscape and Urban Planning, 2012
Oppressiveness, as experienced in urban environments with high-rise buildings, is a form of envir... more Oppressiveness, as experienced in urban environments with high-rise buildings, is a form of environmental stress that poses psychological pressure on urban residents. The intention was to study the oppressiveness of streetscapes and provide a tool that urban planners could use to measure oppressiveness to then subsequently improve the livability and pleasantness. The benefits of this tool were assessed through a dialog with five planners and also as a specialist determination by the authors. The influence of trees lining a street in front of buildings was assessed in Tokyo to advance the development of an equation initiated by previous researchers aiming at measuring the oppressiveness. The measurement was done by solid angles of physical elements of street. In the controlled environment of an experiment room, we had the opportunity to more precisely study the influences of tree, buildings, sky, and their interrelationships on human psychology. Physical parameters of the 3D-generated scenes were able to be adjusted based on characteristics in the real urban environment. Oppressiveness significantly increased when the solid angle of the building was enlarged. Trees revealed a significant mitigating influence on the oppressiveness and the portion of trees covering the building faç ade had the most impact on lessening oppressiveness. The following equation was developed through correlation analysis to estimate the oppressiveness of streetscapes: ω = ˙{(˝B − ˝T CB) 3 } where ω is the oppressiveness, ˝B is solid angle of building facade, ˝T CB is solid angle of trees covering building, and is the distance of viewer from the building complex.
Injury Prevention, 2011
Most individuals prefer bicycling separated from motor traffic. However, cycle tracks (physically... more Most individuals prefer bicycling separated from motor traffic. However, cycle tracks (physically separated bicycle-exclusive paths along roads, as found in The Netherlands) are discouraged in the USA by engineering guidance that suggests that facilities such as cycle tracks are more dangerous than the street. The objective of this study conducted in Montreal (with a longstanding network of cycle tracks) was to compare bicyclist injury rates on cycle tracks versus in the street. For six cycle tracks and comparable reference streets, vehicle/bicycle crashes and health record injury counts were obtained and use counts conducted. The relative risk (RR) of injury on cycle tracks, compared with reference streets, was determined. Overall, 2.5 times as many cyclists rode on cycle tracks compared with reference streets and there were 8.5 injuries and 10.5 crashes per million bicyclekilometres. The RR of injury on cycle tracks was 0.72 (95% CI 0.60 to 0.85) compared with bicycling in reference streets. These data suggest that the injury risk of bicycling on cycle tracks is less than bicycling in streets. The construction of cycle tracks should not be discouraged.
China, the Bicycle Kingdom, has had some of the most outstanding bicycle infrastructure in the wo... more China, the Bicycle Kingdom, has had some of the most outstanding bicycle infrastructure in the world. Though bicyclists are now fewer in China, much bicycle infrastructure remains. Bicycling should still be fostered because of the many health benefits, including lowered risk for obesity, diabetes, stroke, cancer and cardiovascular disease. Yet, due to high pollution levels, bicycling may not be as highly beneficial for health in certain cities. For issuing life insurance, it may be worthwhile to understand the health benefits from bicycling and the potential risks from pollution. For understanding weatherrelated disaster risk, it may be useful to know if a well-designed bicycle network exists for residents to routinely travel to maintain their health, to flee, or to effectively respond to emergencies. One study found that children who bicycled were more physically and metabolically fit. Bicycling is beneficial for fitness, cardiovascular health, all-cause mortality, coronary heart disease morbidity, mortality, cancer risk and overweight/obesity. Research conducted in Hangzhou, China found that car owners were more likely to be overweight/obese. A study in Jiangsu, China found that walking and bicycling were not beneficial for health.
Sustainability
With climate change and inequities, this study assessed the willingness of affordable-housing and... more With climate change and inequities, this study assessed the willingness of affordable-housing and middle-income residents to buy an electric vehicle (EV) if they had a charging station at their home, the likelihood of buying an EV in 2 years, ideal charger locations, and payment preferences for installation. The new Green Books revealed charger opportunities. Volunteers completed paper surveys in Brookline, MA, in an affordable housing complex (n = 37) and a middle-income neighborhood (n = 128) (Total n = 165). Brookline is unique because drivers cannot leave their cars curbside overnight, and local historic districts (LHDs) require aesthetic charger-installations. Descriptive statistics (yes + likely) revealed that affordable housing (70%) and middle-income (65%) respondents would lease or buy a secondhand EV if they had a charging station where they park their car at their home. Affordable housing (43%) and middle-income (38%) respondents were more neutral about buying an EV in th...
Journal of Family & Consumer Sciences, 2022
See next page for additional authors
Background Bicycling is healthy but needs to be safer for more to bike. Police crash templates ar... more Background Bicycling is healthy but needs to be safer for more to bike. Police crash templates are designed for reporting crashes between motor vehicles, but not between vehicles/bicycles. If written/drawn bicycle-crash-scene details exist, these are not entered into spreadsheets. Objective To assess which bicycle-crash-scene data might be added to spreadsheets for analysis. Methods Police crash templates from 50 states were analysed. Reports for 3350 motor vehicle/bicycle crashes (2011) were obtained for the New York City area and 300 cases selected (with drawings and on roads with sharrows, bike lanes, cycle tracks and no bike provisions). Crashes were redrawn and new bicycle-crash-scene details were coded and entered into the existing spreadsheet. The
injuryprev-2014-041317 Background Bicycling is healthy but needs to be safer for more to bike. Po... more injuryprev-2014-041317 Background Bicycling is healthy but needs to be safer for more to bike. Police crash templates are designed for reporting crashes between motor vehicles, but not between vehicles/bicycles. If written/drawn bicycle-crash-scene details exist, these are not entered into spreadsheets. Objective To assess which bicycle-crash-scene data might be added to spreadsheets for analysis. Methods Police crash templates from 50 states were analysed. Reports for 3350 motor vehicle/bicycle crashes (2011) were obtained for the New York City area and 300 cases selected (with drawings and on roads with sharrows, bike lanes, cycle tracks and no bike provisions). Crashes were redrawn and new bicycle-crash-scene details were
In a light-hearted departure from typical conference proceedings, this paper identifies the need ... more In a light-hearted departure from typical conference proceedings, this paper identifies the need for research related to greenways and attempts to entice the conference scholars into undertaking such studies. Greenways are long, skinny connecting corridors for nature, recreation and transportation which need the attention of academicians and researchers to move into mainstream America.
URBAN DESIGN International, 2020
Understanding the concept of place is critically important for urban design and place-making prac... more Understanding the concept of place is critically important for urban design and place-making practice, and this research attempted to investigate the pathways by which perceived urban design qualities (PUDQs) infuence placeness factors in the Chinese context. Twelve hypotheses were developed and combined in a structural equation model for validation. The Tanhualin historical district in Wuhan, China was selected for the analysis. As a result, place attachment was verifed as a critical bridge factor that mediated the infuence of PUDQs on place satisfaction. Among the fve selected PUDQs, walkability and space quality were revealed as the most infuential factors associated with place attachment and place satisfaction. Accessibility was actually indirectly benefcial to place-making via the mediation of walkability. Corresponding implications and strategies were discussed to maintain the sense of place for historic districts.
BMJ, 2020
Safer cycling benefits people, the planet, and the local economy
Dissertation (Ph.D.)--University of Michigan.
Background: Vehicle/bicycle crashes of a certain level of severity are recorded by police in all ... more Background: Vehicle/bicycle crashes of a certain level of severity are recorded by police in all 50 states using templates that have been individualized by the state police department. In some instances, standardized templates are used by state police departments. Much information is entered as code but other information requested on the template does not have corresponding codes. Only the coded data is provided in data sets that then are combined with other data sets for analysis (EMS, ICD-9 Codes, etc.). Method: State templates were collected from all 50 states using the web and contact with the state police departments. These templates were analyzed to determine the information most relevant to a vehicle/bicycle crash and what, of this information, had a corresponding code for data entry and later analysis. Results: All state police records included coded data for involvement of a pedal cyclist and indication of a helmet. The sides of the vehicle were included for impact but only...
Landscape and Urban Planning, 2014
h i g h l i g h t s • Oppressiveness is important because of the evolution of urban form through ... more h i g h l i g h t s • Oppressiveness is important because of the evolution of urban form through the history. • The physical properties of high-rise buildings in urban environment cause oppressiveness. • Trees and sky alleviate oppressiveness; sky improves perception of spaciousness.
Landscape and Urban Planning, 2012
Oppressiveness, as experienced in urban environments with high-rise buildings, is a form of envir... more Oppressiveness, as experienced in urban environments with high-rise buildings, is a form of environmental stress that poses psychological pressure on urban residents. The intention was to study the oppressiveness of streetscapes and provide a tool that urban planners could use to measure oppressiveness to then subsequently improve the livability and pleasantness. The benefits of this tool were assessed through a dialog with five planners and also as a specialist determination by the authors. The influence of trees lining a street in front of buildings was assessed in Tokyo to advance the development of an equation initiated by previous researchers aiming at measuring the oppressiveness. The measurement was done by solid angles of physical elements of street. In the controlled environment of an experiment room, we had the opportunity to more precisely study the influences of tree, buildings, sky, and their interrelationships on human psychology. Physical parameters of the 3D-generated scenes were able to be adjusted based on characteristics in the real urban environment. Oppressiveness significantly increased when the solid angle of the building was enlarged. Trees revealed a significant mitigating influence on the oppressiveness and the portion of trees covering the building faç ade had the most impact on lessening oppressiveness. The following equation was developed through correlation analysis to estimate the oppressiveness of streetscapes: ω = ˙{(˝B − ˝T CB) 3 } where ω is the oppressiveness, ˝B is solid angle of building facade, ˝T CB is solid angle of trees covering building, and is the distance of viewer from the building complex.
Injury Prevention, 2011
Most individuals prefer bicycling separated from motor traffic. However, cycle tracks (physically... more Most individuals prefer bicycling separated from motor traffic. However, cycle tracks (physically separated bicycle-exclusive paths along roads, as found in The Netherlands) are discouraged in the USA by engineering guidance that suggests that facilities such as cycle tracks are more dangerous than the street. The objective of this study conducted in Montreal (with a longstanding network of cycle tracks) was to compare bicyclist injury rates on cycle tracks versus in the street. For six cycle tracks and comparable reference streets, vehicle/bicycle crashes and health record injury counts were obtained and use counts conducted. The relative risk (RR) of injury on cycle tracks, compared with reference streets, was determined. Overall, 2.5 times as many cyclists rode on cycle tracks compared with reference streets and there were 8.5 injuries and 10.5 crashes per million bicyclekilometres. The RR of injury on cycle tracks was 0.72 (95% CI 0.60 to 0.85) compared with bicycling in reference streets. These data suggest that the injury risk of bicycling on cycle tracks is less than bicycling in streets. The construction of cycle tracks should not be discouraged.