Lutfan Lazuardi - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
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Papers by Lutfan Lazuardi
Background: District of Mukomuko is an expansion district which is currently building infrastruct... more Background: District of Mukomuko is an expansion district which is currently building infrastructure. There are many indicators which have not been achieved to actualize the vision of Healthy Mukomuko 2010, i.e. low visits of infants and children under five to health service and childbirths assisted by health professionals. Health facilities are available sufficiently; however the local government is continuously developing primary and secondary health centers. The ratio between population and secondary health centers is relevant with the standard (1;2,000) but the utilization is still relatively low (9.82%). Special funds available encourage the local government to improve health service in the region by establishing primary and secondary health centers in every subdistrict. Objective: The study aimed to access the utilization of new health centers at District of Mukomuko, Province of Bengkulu and identify factors inhibiting or encouraging the utilization. Method: This was a descriptive study with case study design and qualitative approach. Subject of the study were as many as 16 people consisting of village chiefs, tribal leaders and community leaders in the working area of Selagan Raya Health Center. Variables of the study included access to health centers, image about health centers, trust and needs of health service. Data were obtained through indepth interview and observation supported by tape recorder, checklist, notes and camera. Result: Coverage of utilization of health centers nearly come close to indicator of minimum service standard at 15.94%, however it was not fairly distributed and concentrated only in areas close to the health centers. The health centers had not shown their capability so that they had not yet achieved good image from the community. Some people tended to go to traditional healers and seek medication on their own due to habit and acute illness. Health centers were greatly needed and became the main choice to obtain medication. Conclusion: Although Selagan Raya Health Center was relatively new, it could be utilized more effectively and improved to become an ideal health center which was relevant with the standard and community expectations by enhancing the quality of
Biogerontology, 2009
We isolated highly purified CD8+CD28+ and CD8+CD28− T cell populations from healthy young and eld... more We isolated highly purified CD8+CD28+ and CD8+CD28− T cell populations from healthy young and elderly persons for gene expression profiling using Affymetrix oligonucleotide microarrays. We demonstrate that the gene expression profile of CD8+CD28− T cells is very similar in young and elderly persons. In contrast, CD8+CD28+ in elderly differ from CD8+CD28+ in young persons. Hierarchical clustering revealed that CD8+CD28+ in elderly are located between CD8+CD28+ in young and CD8+CD28− (young and old) T cells regarding their differentiation state. Our study demonstrates a dichotomy of gene expression levels between CD8+CD28+ T cells in young and elderly persons but a similarity between CD8+CD28− T cells in young and elderly persons. As CD8+CD28+ T cells from elderly and young persons are distinct due to a different composition of the population, these results suggest that the gene expression profile does not depend on chronological age but depends on the differentiation state of the individual cell types.
Human Immunology, 2007
Despite general acceptance that immunologic changes are associated with aging and latent infectio... more Despite general acceptance that immunologic changes are associated with aging and latent infection with Cytomegalovirus (CMV), no clear-cut distinction has so far been made between strictly agerelated and CMV-induced changes. We therefore compared CD4 ϩ and CD8 ϩ naïve (CD45RAϩCD28ϩ), memory (CD45RAϪCD28ϩ), and effector (CD28 Ϫ ) T cells in CMV-positive (n ϭ 164) and CMV-negative (n ϭ 87) elderly persons and correlated CD8 ϩ and CD4 ϩ effector T cells with other T-cell subpopulations. Percentages of CD8 ϩ as well as CD4 ϩ effector T cells were higher, but percentages of naïve and memory cells were lower in CMV-positive compared to CMV-negative elderly persons. Negative correlations within CD8 ϩ Tcell subsets were found to be present in both CMVpositive and CMV-negative elderly individuals. In contrast, correlations within CD4 ϩ T-cell subpopulations and a positive correlation between CD8 ϩ and CD4 ϩ effector T cells were found in CMV-positive individuals only. Our results demonstrate that (a) in the elderly different T-cell subsets compete for space within the CD8 ϩ , but not the CD4 ϩ T-cell population; (b) CMV induces changes in the CD4 ϩ compartment that differ from the solely agerelated changes seen in CMV-negative elderly population; and (c) the CMV-status of a population has to be taken into account before a conclusion on the effect of aging on the composition of the T-cell pool can be reached. Human Immunology 68, 86 -90 (2007).
Background: District of Mukomuko is an expansion district which is currently building infrastruct... more Background: District of Mukomuko is an expansion district which is currently building infrastructure. There are many indicators which have not been achieved to actualize the vision of Healthy Mukomuko 2010, i.e. low visits of infants and children under five to health service and childbirths assisted by health professionals. Health facilities are available sufficiently; however the local government is continuously developing primary and secondary health centers. The ratio between population and secondary health centers is relevant with the standard (1;2,000) but the utilization is still relatively low (9.82%). Special funds available encourage the local government to improve health service in the region by establishing primary and secondary health centers in every subdistrict. Objective: The study aimed to access the utilization of new health centers at District of Mukomuko, Province of Bengkulu and identify factors inhibiting or encouraging the utilization. Method: This was a descriptive study with case study design and qualitative approach. Subject of the study were as many as 16 people consisting of village chiefs, tribal leaders and community leaders in the working area of Selagan Raya Health Center. Variables of the study included access to health centers, image about health centers, trust and needs of health service. Data were obtained through indepth interview and observation supported by tape recorder, checklist, notes and camera. Result: Coverage of utilization of health centers nearly come close to indicator of minimum service standard at 15.94%, however it was not fairly distributed and concentrated only in areas close to the health centers. The health centers had not shown their capability so that they had not yet achieved good image from the community. Some people tended to go to traditional healers and seek medication on their own due to habit and acute illness. Health centers were greatly needed and became the main choice to obtain medication. Conclusion: Although Selagan Raya Health Center was relatively new, it could be utilized more effectively and improved to become an ideal health center which was relevant with the standard and community expectations by enhancing the quality of
Biogerontology, 2009
We isolated highly purified CD8+CD28+ and CD8+CD28− T cell populations from healthy young and eld... more We isolated highly purified CD8+CD28+ and CD8+CD28− T cell populations from healthy young and elderly persons for gene expression profiling using Affymetrix oligonucleotide microarrays. We demonstrate that the gene expression profile of CD8+CD28− T cells is very similar in young and elderly persons. In contrast, CD8+CD28+ in elderly differ from CD8+CD28+ in young persons. Hierarchical clustering revealed that CD8+CD28+ in elderly are located between CD8+CD28+ in young and CD8+CD28− (young and old) T cells regarding their differentiation state. Our study demonstrates a dichotomy of gene expression levels between CD8+CD28+ T cells in young and elderly persons but a similarity between CD8+CD28− T cells in young and elderly persons. As CD8+CD28+ T cells from elderly and young persons are distinct due to a different composition of the population, these results suggest that the gene expression profile does not depend on chronological age but depends on the differentiation state of the individual cell types.
Human Immunology, 2007
Despite general acceptance that immunologic changes are associated with aging and latent infectio... more Despite general acceptance that immunologic changes are associated with aging and latent infection with Cytomegalovirus (CMV), no clear-cut distinction has so far been made between strictly agerelated and CMV-induced changes. We therefore compared CD4 ϩ and CD8 ϩ naïve (CD45RAϩCD28ϩ), memory (CD45RAϪCD28ϩ), and effector (CD28 Ϫ ) T cells in CMV-positive (n ϭ 164) and CMV-negative (n ϭ 87) elderly persons and correlated CD8 ϩ and CD4 ϩ effector T cells with other T-cell subpopulations. Percentages of CD8 ϩ as well as CD4 ϩ effector T cells were higher, but percentages of naïve and memory cells were lower in CMV-positive compared to CMV-negative elderly persons. Negative correlations within CD8 ϩ Tcell subsets were found to be present in both CMVpositive and CMV-negative elderly individuals. In contrast, correlations within CD4 ϩ T-cell subpopulations and a positive correlation between CD8 ϩ and CD4 ϩ effector T cells were found in CMV-positive individuals only. Our results demonstrate that (a) in the elderly different T-cell subsets compete for space within the CD8 ϩ , but not the CD4 ϩ T-cell population; (b) CMV induces changes in the CD4 ϩ compartment that differ from the solely agerelated changes seen in CMV-negative elderly population; and (c) the CMV-status of a population has to be taken into account before a conclusion on the effect of aging on the composition of the T-cell pool can be reached. Human Immunology 68, 86 -90 (2007).