Mónica Bernaldo-De-Quirós - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Mónica Bernaldo-De-Quirós
The American journal on addictions/American journal on addictions, Jun 15, 2024
PubMed, Nov 1, 2011
The purpose of this study was to identify variables that may explain a longer psychological treat... more The purpose of this study was to identify variables that may explain a longer psychological treatment and to analyze differences between short- and long-term cases. Data from 419 patients of the University Clinic of Psychology at the Complutense University of Madrid were analyzed. Number of intervention techniques, comorbidity, previous treatments, and a primary diagnosis of mood disorder or eating disorder were the factors that explained longer treatment duration. Significant differences were observed between short- and long-term cases in number of intervention techniques, number of therapeutic objectives, and also in some clinical variables (diagnostic group, comorbidity, previous treatment) and demographics (age and educational level). Results are discussed and some lines of intervention and/ or reflection are proposed.
Anales De Psicologia, May 1, 2014
Resumen: El objetivo del artículo es identificar el uso de las técnicas de relajación (TR) en la ... more Resumen: El objetivo del artículo es identificar el uso de las técnicas de relajación (TR) en la práctica de la Psicología Clínica asistencial. Se analiza el tipo de técnicas de relajación, su frecuencia de uso, tanto en general como en función del diagnóstico, y su relación con los resultados del tratamiento. De los 880 pacientes en una clínica universitaria asistencial, con todo tipo de diagnóstico, el 67.2% son mujeres y su edad media es de 32.79 años. Los resultados señalan que el 70.5% de los casos ha utilizado alguna TR, siendo el Control de la Respiración la más frecuente (72.3%). Predomina su uso en trastornos de ansiedad (87.8%), somatomorfos (84.2%) y control de impulsos (77.8%). Hay un incremento importante en el uso de TR en los casos con comorbilidad (82.4% frente a 68%). Y el uso de técnicas de control de respiración o relajación progresiva entre los pacientes que obtienen el alta es de alrededor del 69%. Se discuten los resultados destacando el valor de usar TR, incluso con independencia del diagnóstico. Palabras clave: Técnicas de relajación; relajación muscular progresiva; relajación autógena; entrenamiento en control de respiración; resultados terapéuticos.
Gerontologist, Sep 7, 2011
Quality of Life (QoL) has become increasingly valued as a key outcome in dementia both in clinica... more Quality of Life (QoL) has become increasingly valued as a key outcome in dementia both in clinical practice and in research. This study compares the QoL of long-term residents with dementia as assessed by the individuals, their relatives, and their care staff. Design and Methods: Data on residents with dementia were collected in 11 nursing homes. The Quality of Life-Alzheimer's Disease Scale (QOL-AD) residential version was directly applied to residents with dementia diagnosis and Mini-Mental State Examination scores under 27, randomly selected in each canter. Residents' QoL was further assessed from the perspective of some close relative and of some staff member. Altogether, 102 data sets from residents, 184 from relatives, and 197 from staff members were collected. Results: The completion rate for the resident QOL-AD was 48.8%. Residents' QoL ratings were significantly higher than proxies' ratings. Proxy (i.e., family and staff) scores in the QOL-AD tended to correlate with each other and did not correlate with resident scores. Implications: Various sources of data provided different perspectives on resident's QoL. Each perspective is relatively independent and somewhat unique. In those patients with mild to moderate cognitive impairment, direct measures of QoL should be considered.
Adicciones, Jul 9, 2019
The inclusion of Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) in the DSM-5 has generated controversy over its d... more The inclusion of Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) in the DSM-5 has generated controversy over its diagnosis, and it therefore seems necessary to establish a clear cutoff point to identify when excessive gaming becomes problematic. Such identification is especially difficult 291
Anales De Psicologia, Aug 27, 2022
Título: Mujeres y videojuegos: ¿A qué juegan las mujeres? Resumen: La información sobre el uso de... more Título: Mujeres y videojuegos: ¿A qué juegan las mujeres? Resumen: La información sobre el uso de Videojuegos (VJ) en muestras generales refleja fundamentalmente las características de los hombres, por su mayor participación en VJ, dificultando identificar las características de las mujeres y su actividad de juego. Objetivo: Describir el comportamiento lúdico de adolescentes y jóvenes madrileñas y su relación con el desarrollo de problemas de juego. Método: Se aplicó un cuestionario de autoinforme (Gamertest) a una muestra de 1.228 mujeres (12-22 años) (M = 14.84; DT = 2.469), seleccionadas mediante muestreo aleatorio en centros educativos de la Comunidad de Madrid. Resultados: el 51% de las mujeres admite jugar. El perfil típico es una mujer que juega a VJ de forma esporádica y por cortos periodos de tiempo, preferiblemente juegos de Acción y Aventura o Puzles y Plataformas; principalmente en smartphones, en casa y sola, con el propósito de divertirse. Las principales variables predictivas de problemas de juego, identificadas con el Trastorno del Juego de Internet (TJI) en mujeres son: mayor número de horas de uso, participación en juegos de rol multijugador masivo online (MMORPG) y VJ de estrategia. El factor protector más importante es jugar a VJ acompañado. Se discuten los resultados. Palabras clave: Videojuegos. Mujeres. Trastorno de Juego en Internet. Adolescentes. Jóvenes.
Clínica y Salud, 2014
La violencia laboral en el ámbito sanitario ha experimentado un crecimiento exponencial en los úl... more La violencia laboral en el ámbito sanitario ha experimentado un crecimiento exponencial en los últimos años. El objetivo de este trabajo es hacer una revisión sistemática de la literatura y señalar algunas líneas de intervención psicológica. En general se observan elevadas tasas de violencia física y verbal; sin embargo se observan mayores diferencias en las variables asociadas a la agresión, como las características de los profesionales agredidos, causas y lugar de la agresión, probablemente unidas a la organización del sistema sanitario de cada país. Se recomienda: a) priorizar la formación especializada de los profesionales que trabajan en servicios de emergencia, b) programas de prevención dirigidos al entrenamiento en habilidades de comunicación con los pacientes y/o acompañantes, la identificación de situaciones de riesgo y la puesta en marcha de estrategias de afrontamiento adecuadas y medidas de seguridad, y c) la atención psicológica de los profesionales que ya han sufrido alguna agresión.
Journal of Interpersonal Violence, Nov 6, 2014
Exposure to violence from patients or relatives causes problems in emergency departments. To asse... more Exposure to violence from patients or relatives causes problems in emergency departments. To assess the development of posttraumatic symptoms in pre-hospital emergency care professionals assaulted by patients and/or relatives, it may be crucial to establish preventive measures at different levels. This study examined 358 pre-hospital emergency care professionals assaulted by patients and/or relatives. The aims of the present study were (a) to assess the presence of posttraumatic symptoms and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and (b) identify compliance diagnoses for PTSD depending on the experience of aggression (presence of fear, helplessness, or horror during the aggression), the perceived severity of aggression, and socio-demographic variables (gender, age, profession, employment status, and work experience). The results show that the experience of aggression with fear, helplessness, or horror is associated with the presence of posttraumatic symptoms related to re-experiencing but is not related to avoidance and emotional numbing and arousal. Furthermore, the perception of aggression as severe was associated with the presence of symptoms related to re-experiencing. These results are presented and discussed.
Sustainability, Dec 2, 2022
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
Atencion Primaria, Feb 1, 2008
TABLA 1 Estresores laborales en el total de la muestra Media ± desviación típica Las consecuencia... more TABLA 1 Estresores laborales en el total de la muestra Media ± desviación típica Las consecuencias de mis errores para el enfermo 4,08 ± 1,21 Tratar con gente agresiva 4,05 ± 0,94 Ver morir a un paciente especial 3,91 ± 1,16 Recibir un sueldo no acorde con las responsabilidades de mi trabajo 3,86 ± 1,16 Los familiares de los pacientes exigentes e inquisitivos 3,85 ± 1,00 No trabajar de acuerdo con una planificación coherente 3,71 ± 1,16 Que las decisiones y cambios que me afectan se tomen desde arriba 3
Sustainability
Gaming is increasingly prevalent among young people, and Gaming Disorders are a growing concern. ... more Gaming is increasingly prevalent among young people, and Gaming Disorders are a growing concern. Maladaptive cognitions related to gaming may affect the psychological development of young people. We examined psychometric properties of the Dysfunctional Cognitions Gaming (DCG) Scale in Spanish adolescents and young adults. We applied 16 items of the DCG Scale in a sample of 2173 video gamers (age from 12 to 22; 28.8% female), extracted from random sampling in educational institutions. Three factors emerged from exploratory analysis (EFA): Preoccupation, Self-esteem, and Compulsion, accounting for 51.92% of the scale’s total variance. Confirmatory analysis (CFA) yielded a good fit, RMSEA = 0.040, 90% CI [0.034, 0.046]. However, several results (factor cross-loadings in EFA, a high eigenvalue for the first factor in parallel analysis, high correlation between latent factors in CFA, and high hierarchical omega and explained common variance—ECV—in a bifactor model) suggested the convenie...
Seguridad y medio ambiente, 2013
Universitas Psychologica, 2012
El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar las diferencias entre los casos de corta (5-10 sesiones)... more El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar las diferencias entre los casos de corta (5-10 sesiones), media (10-18 sesiones) y larga duración (más de 18 sesiones) en variables sociodemográficas, clínicas y de tratamiento. Se analizaron los datos de 349 pacientes de la Clínica Universitaria de Psicología de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid (CUP-UCM), que habían terminado el tratamiento con éxito. El número de técnicas aplicadas durante la intervención fue la variable más discriminativa, seguida por la comorbilidad -haber recibido un tratamiento anterior- número de tratamientos anteriores y número de objetivos establecidos antes de la intervención. Los resultados señalan la importancia de identificar las técnicas más eficaces para cada problema u objetivo para reducir, en la medida de lo posible, la duración de las intervenciones sin disminuir su eficacia.
Adicciones: Revista de socidrogalcohol, 2020
The inclusion of Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) in the DSM-5 has generated controversy over its d... more The inclusion of Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) in the DSM-5 has generated controversy over its diagnosis, and it therefore seems necessary to establish a clear cutoff point to identify when excessive gaming becomes problematic. Such identification is especially difficult 291
psychology consultations and the important functional limitation they generate is well-known (Har... more psychology consultations and the important functional limitation they generate is well-known (Haro et al., 2006; Kessler, Chiu, Demler, Merikangas, & Walters, 2005; Somers, Goldner, Waraich, & Hsu, 2006). Fortunately, there are more and more psychological interventions to address anxiety problems that have empirical support, and they are firmly recommended in clinical guidelines (Chambless & Ollendick, 2001; Stewart & Chambless, 2009). However, daily practice does not reflect the “privileged” and deserved position of psychological treatments for anxiety disorders (AD). Although one of the reasons could be due to the “subculture” of the pharmacological approach established both in health systems and in the population, it is necessary to deepen the analysis of the factors that could harm or threaten the applicability of the psychological treatments of AD. The difference between the characteristics of clinical trials (where internal validity prevails) and the characteristics of the app...
Psicothema, 2017
Background: Gambling facilitates the development of psychopathological problems in some gamblers.... more Background: Gambling facilitates the development of psychopathological problems in some gamblers. Rapid and easy detection of the presence of these problems, or the risk of their development, will allow early action at the beginning of the problem, including preventive action. For this purpose, we developed the “Sistema de Cribado de Riesgo de Problemas de Juegos” (SCRI‐PJ [Risk of Gambling Problems Screening System]), an on‐line instrument for the detection of people who have, or may develop, gambling problems. The goal of this work is to present and validate the SCRI‐PJ. Method: 85 people with gambling problems undergoing treatment and 119 people from the general population were assessed with the SCRI‐PJ and the DSM‐RT Diagnostic Criteria for Pathological Gambling questionnaire. Results: The SCRI‐PJ showed high internal consistency (&agr; = .96), sensitivity (94.2%) specificity (91.4%), with a negative predictive value of 98.6%. Conclusion: The SCRI‐PJ is a brief and effective scr...
The inclusion of Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) in the DSM-5 has generated controversy over its d... more The inclusion of Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) in the DSM-5 has generated controversy over its diagnosis, and it therefore seems necessary to establish a clear cut-off point to identify when excessive gaming becomes problematic. Such identification is especially difficult in adolescents and young people, who frequently dedicate a great deal of time to online games. The goal of this systematic review was to analyze the instruments developed to assess IGD in adolescents and young people since its inclusion in the DSM-5. We identified 13 studies which included validations of seven assessment instruments for IGD in adolescents and young people. Each instrument and its validations in different languages are described. In comparison to previous reviews, a lower diversity of assessment instruments, a reduction in the number of items and a more uniform form of measurement was observed, maintaining high internal consistency and good criterion validity. However, problems related to sample se...
This paper analyses the relationships among occupational stress, burn-out, psychopathological sym... more This paper analyses the relationships among occupational stress, burn-out, psychopathological symptoms, and social and labour variables in a sample of 76 (85,25%) outside hospital emergency workers, doctors, nurses and assistants, in Madrid’s 9 Health Care Area. The assessment instruments applied are the Inventario de Estresores Laborales para Enfermería, by Reig and Caruana, the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) and the Symptom Checklist-90 Revised Questionnaire (SCL-90-R). High significant correlations were observed among occuptional stress, burn-out and psychopathological symptoms. The social and labour variables show significant correlations, but the values are lower. Doctors are the professionals with the highest and largest number of correlations. The differences observed in the various professional groups suggest the need for a different and specific intervention for each professional group.
The American journal on addictions/American journal on addictions, Jun 15, 2024
PubMed, Nov 1, 2011
The purpose of this study was to identify variables that may explain a longer psychological treat... more The purpose of this study was to identify variables that may explain a longer psychological treatment and to analyze differences between short- and long-term cases. Data from 419 patients of the University Clinic of Psychology at the Complutense University of Madrid were analyzed. Number of intervention techniques, comorbidity, previous treatments, and a primary diagnosis of mood disorder or eating disorder were the factors that explained longer treatment duration. Significant differences were observed between short- and long-term cases in number of intervention techniques, number of therapeutic objectives, and also in some clinical variables (diagnostic group, comorbidity, previous treatment) and demographics (age and educational level). Results are discussed and some lines of intervention and/ or reflection are proposed.
Anales De Psicologia, May 1, 2014
Resumen: El objetivo del artículo es identificar el uso de las técnicas de relajación (TR) en la ... more Resumen: El objetivo del artículo es identificar el uso de las técnicas de relajación (TR) en la práctica de la Psicología Clínica asistencial. Se analiza el tipo de técnicas de relajación, su frecuencia de uso, tanto en general como en función del diagnóstico, y su relación con los resultados del tratamiento. De los 880 pacientes en una clínica universitaria asistencial, con todo tipo de diagnóstico, el 67.2% son mujeres y su edad media es de 32.79 años. Los resultados señalan que el 70.5% de los casos ha utilizado alguna TR, siendo el Control de la Respiración la más frecuente (72.3%). Predomina su uso en trastornos de ansiedad (87.8%), somatomorfos (84.2%) y control de impulsos (77.8%). Hay un incremento importante en el uso de TR en los casos con comorbilidad (82.4% frente a 68%). Y el uso de técnicas de control de respiración o relajación progresiva entre los pacientes que obtienen el alta es de alrededor del 69%. Se discuten los resultados destacando el valor de usar TR, incluso con independencia del diagnóstico. Palabras clave: Técnicas de relajación; relajación muscular progresiva; relajación autógena; entrenamiento en control de respiración; resultados terapéuticos.
Gerontologist, Sep 7, 2011
Quality of Life (QoL) has become increasingly valued as a key outcome in dementia both in clinica... more Quality of Life (QoL) has become increasingly valued as a key outcome in dementia both in clinical practice and in research. This study compares the QoL of long-term residents with dementia as assessed by the individuals, their relatives, and their care staff. Design and Methods: Data on residents with dementia were collected in 11 nursing homes. The Quality of Life-Alzheimer's Disease Scale (QOL-AD) residential version was directly applied to residents with dementia diagnosis and Mini-Mental State Examination scores under 27, randomly selected in each canter. Residents' QoL was further assessed from the perspective of some close relative and of some staff member. Altogether, 102 data sets from residents, 184 from relatives, and 197 from staff members were collected. Results: The completion rate for the resident QOL-AD was 48.8%. Residents' QoL ratings were significantly higher than proxies' ratings. Proxy (i.e., family and staff) scores in the QOL-AD tended to correlate with each other and did not correlate with resident scores. Implications: Various sources of data provided different perspectives on resident's QoL. Each perspective is relatively independent and somewhat unique. In those patients with mild to moderate cognitive impairment, direct measures of QoL should be considered.
Adicciones, Jul 9, 2019
The inclusion of Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) in the DSM-5 has generated controversy over its d... more The inclusion of Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) in the DSM-5 has generated controversy over its diagnosis, and it therefore seems necessary to establish a clear cutoff point to identify when excessive gaming becomes problematic. Such identification is especially difficult 291
Anales De Psicologia, Aug 27, 2022
Título: Mujeres y videojuegos: ¿A qué juegan las mujeres? Resumen: La información sobre el uso de... more Título: Mujeres y videojuegos: ¿A qué juegan las mujeres? Resumen: La información sobre el uso de Videojuegos (VJ) en muestras generales refleja fundamentalmente las características de los hombres, por su mayor participación en VJ, dificultando identificar las características de las mujeres y su actividad de juego. Objetivo: Describir el comportamiento lúdico de adolescentes y jóvenes madrileñas y su relación con el desarrollo de problemas de juego. Método: Se aplicó un cuestionario de autoinforme (Gamertest) a una muestra de 1.228 mujeres (12-22 años) (M = 14.84; DT = 2.469), seleccionadas mediante muestreo aleatorio en centros educativos de la Comunidad de Madrid. Resultados: el 51% de las mujeres admite jugar. El perfil típico es una mujer que juega a VJ de forma esporádica y por cortos periodos de tiempo, preferiblemente juegos de Acción y Aventura o Puzles y Plataformas; principalmente en smartphones, en casa y sola, con el propósito de divertirse. Las principales variables predictivas de problemas de juego, identificadas con el Trastorno del Juego de Internet (TJI) en mujeres son: mayor número de horas de uso, participación en juegos de rol multijugador masivo online (MMORPG) y VJ de estrategia. El factor protector más importante es jugar a VJ acompañado. Se discuten los resultados. Palabras clave: Videojuegos. Mujeres. Trastorno de Juego en Internet. Adolescentes. Jóvenes.
Clínica y Salud, 2014
La violencia laboral en el ámbito sanitario ha experimentado un crecimiento exponencial en los úl... more La violencia laboral en el ámbito sanitario ha experimentado un crecimiento exponencial en los últimos años. El objetivo de este trabajo es hacer una revisión sistemática de la literatura y señalar algunas líneas de intervención psicológica. En general se observan elevadas tasas de violencia física y verbal; sin embargo se observan mayores diferencias en las variables asociadas a la agresión, como las características de los profesionales agredidos, causas y lugar de la agresión, probablemente unidas a la organización del sistema sanitario de cada país. Se recomienda: a) priorizar la formación especializada de los profesionales que trabajan en servicios de emergencia, b) programas de prevención dirigidos al entrenamiento en habilidades de comunicación con los pacientes y/o acompañantes, la identificación de situaciones de riesgo y la puesta en marcha de estrategias de afrontamiento adecuadas y medidas de seguridad, y c) la atención psicológica de los profesionales que ya han sufrido alguna agresión.
Journal of Interpersonal Violence, Nov 6, 2014
Exposure to violence from patients or relatives causes problems in emergency departments. To asse... more Exposure to violence from patients or relatives causes problems in emergency departments. To assess the development of posttraumatic symptoms in pre-hospital emergency care professionals assaulted by patients and/or relatives, it may be crucial to establish preventive measures at different levels. This study examined 358 pre-hospital emergency care professionals assaulted by patients and/or relatives. The aims of the present study were (a) to assess the presence of posttraumatic symptoms and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and (b) identify compliance diagnoses for PTSD depending on the experience of aggression (presence of fear, helplessness, or horror during the aggression), the perceived severity of aggression, and socio-demographic variables (gender, age, profession, employment status, and work experience). The results show that the experience of aggression with fear, helplessness, or horror is associated with the presence of posttraumatic symptoms related to re-experiencing but is not related to avoidance and emotional numbing and arousal. Furthermore, the perception of aggression as severe was associated with the presence of symptoms related to re-experiencing. These results are presented and discussed.
Sustainability, Dec 2, 2022
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
Atencion Primaria, Feb 1, 2008
TABLA 1 Estresores laborales en el total de la muestra Media ± desviación típica Las consecuencia... more TABLA 1 Estresores laborales en el total de la muestra Media ± desviación típica Las consecuencias de mis errores para el enfermo 4,08 ± 1,21 Tratar con gente agresiva 4,05 ± 0,94 Ver morir a un paciente especial 3,91 ± 1,16 Recibir un sueldo no acorde con las responsabilidades de mi trabajo 3,86 ± 1,16 Los familiares de los pacientes exigentes e inquisitivos 3,85 ± 1,00 No trabajar de acuerdo con una planificación coherente 3,71 ± 1,16 Que las decisiones y cambios que me afectan se tomen desde arriba 3
Sustainability
Gaming is increasingly prevalent among young people, and Gaming Disorders are a growing concern. ... more Gaming is increasingly prevalent among young people, and Gaming Disorders are a growing concern. Maladaptive cognitions related to gaming may affect the psychological development of young people. We examined psychometric properties of the Dysfunctional Cognitions Gaming (DCG) Scale in Spanish adolescents and young adults. We applied 16 items of the DCG Scale in a sample of 2173 video gamers (age from 12 to 22; 28.8% female), extracted from random sampling in educational institutions. Three factors emerged from exploratory analysis (EFA): Preoccupation, Self-esteem, and Compulsion, accounting for 51.92% of the scale’s total variance. Confirmatory analysis (CFA) yielded a good fit, RMSEA = 0.040, 90% CI [0.034, 0.046]. However, several results (factor cross-loadings in EFA, a high eigenvalue for the first factor in parallel analysis, high correlation between latent factors in CFA, and high hierarchical omega and explained common variance—ECV—in a bifactor model) suggested the convenie...
Seguridad y medio ambiente, 2013
Universitas Psychologica, 2012
El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar las diferencias entre los casos de corta (5-10 sesiones)... more El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar las diferencias entre los casos de corta (5-10 sesiones), media (10-18 sesiones) y larga duración (más de 18 sesiones) en variables sociodemográficas, clínicas y de tratamiento. Se analizaron los datos de 349 pacientes de la Clínica Universitaria de Psicología de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid (CUP-UCM), que habían terminado el tratamiento con éxito. El número de técnicas aplicadas durante la intervención fue la variable más discriminativa, seguida por la comorbilidad -haber recibido un tratamiento anterior- número de tratamientos anteriores y número de objetivos establecidos antes de la intervención. Los resultados señalan la importancia de identificar las técnicas más eficaces para cada problema u objetivo para reducir, en la medida de lo posible, la duración de las intervenciones sin disminuir su eficacia.
Adicciones: Revista de socidrogalcohol, 2020
The inclusion of Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) in the DSM-5 has generated controversy over its d... more The inclusion of Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) in the DSM-5 has generated controversy over its diagnosis, and it therefore seems necessary to establish a clear cutoff point to identify when excessive gaming becomes problematic. Such identification is especially difficult 291
psychology consultations and the important functional limitation they generate is well-known (Har... more psychology consultations and the important functional limitation they generate is well-known (Haro et al., 2006; Kessler, Chiu, Demler, Merikangas, & Walters, 2005; Somers, Goldner, Waraich, & Hsu, 2006). Fortunately, there are more and more psychological interventions to address anxiety problems that have empirical support, and they are firmly recommended in clinical guidelines (Chambless & Ollendick, 2001; Stewart & Chambless, 2009). However, daily practice does not reflect the “privileged” and deserved position of psychological treatments for anxiety disorders (AD). Although one of the reasons could be due to the “subculture” of the pharmacological approach established both in health systems and in the population, it is necessary to deepen the analysis of the factors that could harm or threaten the applicability of the psychological treatments of AD. The difference between the characteristics of clinical trials (where internal validity prevails) and the characteristics of the app...
Psicothema, 2017
Background: Gambling facilitates the development of psychopathological problems in some gamblers.... more Background: Gambling facilitates the development of psychopathological problems in some gamblers. Rapid and easy detection of the presence of these problems, or the risk of their development, will allow early action at the beginning of the problem, including preventive action. For this purpose, we developed the “Sistema de Cribado de Riesgo de Problemas de Juegos” (SCRI‐PJ [Risk of Gambling Problems Screening System]), an on‐line instrument for the detection of people who have, or may develop, gambling problems. The goal of this work is to present and validate the SCRI‐PJ. Method: 85 people with gambling problems undergoing treatment and 119 people from the general population were assessed with the SCRI‐PJ and the DSM‐RT Diagnostic Criteria for Pathological Gambling questionnaire. Results: The SCRI‐PJ showed high internal consistency (&agr; = .96), sensitivity (94.2%) specificity (91.4%), with a negative predictive value of 98.6%. Conclusion: The SCRI‐PJ is a brief and effective scr...
The inclusion of Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) in the DSM-5 has generated controversy over its d... more The inclusion of Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) in the DSM-5 has generated controversy over its diagnosis, and it therefore seems necessary to establish a clear cut-off point to identify when excessive gaming becomes problematic. Such identification is especially difficult in adolescents and young people, who frequently dedicate a great deal of time to online games. The goal of this systematic review was to analyze the instruments developed to assess IGD in adolescents and young people since its inclusion in the DSM-5. We identified 13 studies which included validations of seven assessment instruments for IGD in adolescents and young people. Each instrument and its validations in different languages are described. In comparison to previous reviews, a lower diversity of assessment instruments, a reduction in the number of items and a more uniform form of measurement was observed, maintaining high internal consistency and good criterion validity. However, problems related to sample se...
This paper analyses the relationships among occupational stress, burn-out, psychopathological sym... more This paper analyses the relationships among occupational stress, burn-out, psychopathological symptoms, and social and labour variables in a sample of 76 (85,25%) outside hospital emergency workers, doctors, nurses and assistants, in Madrid’s 9 Health Care Area. The assessment instruments applied are the Inventario de Estresores Laborales para Enfermería, by Reig and Caruana, the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) and the Symptom Checklist-90 Revised Questionnaire (SCL-90-R). High significant correlations were observed among occuptional stress, burn-out and psychopathological symptoms. The social and labour variables show significant correlations, but the values are lower. Doctors are the professionals with the highest and largest number of correlations. The differences observed in the various professional groups suggest the need for a different and specific intervention for each professional group.