Roland MARCHAL - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Roland MARCHAL

Research paper thumbnail of What is the concept of “radicalization” good for?

Politique africaine, 2018

Research paper thumbnail of Las guerras civiles en la era de la globalización: nuevos conflictos y nuevos paradigmas

Research paper thumbnail of From a Small to a Long War: Somalia Coping with al-Shabaab

Research paper thumbnail of 3. Érythrée : La Difficile Transition Civile

Research paper thumbnail of Motivations and Drivers of Al-Shabaab

Oxford University Press eBooks, Mar 1, 2019

This chapter considers the motivations and drivers of Al-Shabaab. Al-Shabaab has built itself on ... more This chapter considers the motivations and drivers of Al-Shabaab. Al-Shabaab has built itself on a clear agenda: ridding Somalia of foreign forces, portrayed as Christians, and implementing the Sharia. These goals implied the need for reform and discipline of Somali society using all means: dawa (preaching) as well as violence. While the goals fit well with Somali nationalistic and Salafi agendas, more fluidity or even flexibility is shown by Al-Shabaab in a situation of weakness. However, there is no doubt that Al-Shabaab eventually intends to monopolize the religious arena and curb the political and social influence of any contenders. Somali viewpoints are not always antagonistic towards Al-Shabaab, which throws light on some of the mistakes or weaknesses of its enemies.

Research paper thumbnail of République centrafricaine: Mouvements armés et impossible recomposition sociale

Alternatives Sud, 2016

La crise que traverse la Centrafrique s’enracine dans une histoire regionale mouvementee, jalonne... more La crise que traverse la Centrafrique s’enracine dans une histoire regionale mouvementee, jalonnee de conflits non resolus. Bien que tout paraisse les opposer, les mouvements armes Seleka et anti-Balaka partagent une meme critique du fonctionnement inegalitaire de l’appareil d’Etat. Les uns comme les autres voient dans l’operation onusienne l’instrument d’une restauration de ces elites plus qu’une chance donnee a une redistribution des cartes.

Research paper thumbnail of C. Geffray : La cause des armes au Mozambique. Anthropologie d'une guerre civile

Revue française de science politique, 1991

Research paper thumbnail of La guerre à Mogadiscio

Politique africaine, 1992

Research paper thumbnail of Rivals in Governance

Oxford University Press eBooks, Mar 1, 2019

This chapter discusses what Al-Shabaab delivers in the areas it controls. It focuses on three mai... more This chapter discusses what Al-Shabaab delivers in the areas it controls. It focuses on three main sectors: preaching and education, organizing civil society, and justice. Al-Shabaab uses religion to enhance its legitimacy and as a means of social control. The group promotes religious education in Quranic schools, and exalts dogmatism and righteousness, which undermines tolerance and open-mindedness. On taking control of a community, Al-Shabaab will declare that Sharia, rather than xeer, will be applied. It therefore tends to disempower elders, while sometimes promoting and manipulating the role of other groups such as women, teenagers, and traders. The group enforces harsh rules of behaviour, but they are predictable. It also establishes courts that are generally considered to be non-corrupt and whose judgements are enforced.

Research paper thumbnail of Islamic political dynamics in the Somali civil war

Research paper thumbnail of Illégalisme monétaire et guerre civile. Le cas de la Somalie

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2008

Research paper thumbnail of Radicalisations, science et politique

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Sep 1, 2018

Research paper thumbnail of The Rise of a Jihadi Movement in a Country at War : Harakat al-Shabaab al Mujaheddin in Somalia

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Mar 1, 2011

Research paper thumbnail of Two Years Already? Peace Between Eritrea and Ethiopia

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Aug 27, 2020

Research paper thumbnail of Sudan, One Year After. Interview with Roland Marchal

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Apr 30, 2020

Research paper thumbnail of Moscou, pris au piège de la crise centrafricaine ?

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Mar 1, 2021

Research paper thumbnail of Sudan - General Al Burhan's power grab

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Nov 4, 2021

Research paper thumbnail of Somalia - Battles for the polls resume

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Jul 8, 2021

Research paper thumbnail of Somalia - Battle lines in the capital

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Mar 4, 2021

Research paper thumbnail of Somalia - At the mercy of friends

Research paper thumbnail of What is the concept of “radicalization” good for?

Politique africaine, 2018

Research paper thumbnail of Las guerras civiles en la era de la globalización: nuevos conflictos y nuevos paradigmas

Research paper thumbnail of From a Small to a Long War: Somalia Coping with al-Shabaab

Research paper thumbnail of 3. Érythrée : La Difficile Transition Civile

Research paper thumbnail of Motivations and Drivers of Al-Shabaab

Oxford University Press eBooks, Mar 1, 2019

This chapter considers the motivations and drivers of Al-Shabaab. Al-Shabaab has built itself on ... more This chapter considers the motivations and drivers of Al-Shabaab. Al-Shabaab has built itself on a clear agenda: ridding Somalia of foreign forces, portrayed as Christians, and implementing the Sharia. These goals implied the need for reform and discipline of Somali society using all means: dawa (preaching) as well as violence. While the goals fit well with Somali nationalistic and Salafi agendas, more fluidity or even flexibility is shown by Al-Shabaab in a situation of weakness. However, there is no doubt that Al-Shabaab eventually intends to monopolize the religious arena and curb the political and social influence of any contenders. Somali viewpoints are not always antagonistic towards Al-Shabaab, which throws light on some of the mistakes or weaknesses of its enemies.

Research paper thumbnail of République centrafricaine: Mouvements armés et impossible recomposition sociale

Alternatives Sud, 2016

La crise que traverse la Centrafrique s’enracine dans une histoire regionale mouvementee, jalonne... more La crise que traverse la Centrafrique s’enracine dans une histoire regionale mouvementee, jalonnee de conflits non resolus. Bien que tout paraisse les opposer, les mouvements armes Seleka et anti-Balaka partagent une meme critique du fonctionnement inegalitaire de l’appareil d’Etat. Les uns comme les autres voient dans l’operation onusienne l’instrument d’une restauration de ces elites plus qu’une chance donnee a une redistribution des cartes.

Research paper thumbnail of C. Geffray : La cause des armes au Mozambique. Anthropologie d'une guerre civile

Revue française de science politique, 1991

Research paper thumbnail of La guerre à Mogadiscio

Politique africaine, 1992

Research paper thumbnail of Rivals in Governance

Oxford University Press eBooks, Mar 1, 2019

This chapter discusses what Al-Shabaab delivers in the areas it controls. It focuses on three mai... more This chapter discusses what Al-Shabaab delivers in the areas it controls. It focuses on three main sectors: preaching and education, organizing civil society, and justice. Al-Shabaab uses religion to enhance its legitimacy and as a means of social control. The group promotes religious education in Quranic schools, and exalts dogmatism and righteousness, which undermines tolerance and open-mindedness. On taking control of a community, Al-Shabaab will declare that Sharia, rather than xeer, will be applied. It therefore tends to disempower elders, while sometimes promoting and manipulating the role of other groups such as women, teenagers, and traders. The group enforces harsh rules of behaviour, but they are predictable. It also establishes courts that are generally considered to be non-corrupt and whose judgements are enforced.

Research paper thumbnail of Islamic political dynamics in the Somali civil war

Research paper thumbnail of Illégalisme monétaire et guerre civile. Le cas de la Somalie

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2008

Research paper thumbnail of Radicalisations, science et politique

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Sep 1, 2018

Research paper thumbnail of The Rise of a Jihadi Movement in a Country at War : Harakat al-Shabaab al Mujaheddin in Somalia

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Mar 1, 2011

Research paper thumbnail of Two Years Already? Peace Between Eritrea and Ethiopia

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Aug 27, 2020

Research paper thumbnail of Sudan, One Year After. Interview with Roland Marchal

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Apr 30, 2020

Research paper thumbnail of Moscou, pris au piège de la crise centrafricaine ?

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Mar 1, 2021

Research paper thumbnail of Sudan - General Al Burhan's power grab

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Nov 4, 2021

Research paper thumbnail of Somalia - Battles for the polls resume

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Jul 8, 2021

Research paper thumbnail of Somalia - Battle lines in the capital

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Mar 4, 2021

Research paper thumbnail of Somalia - At the mercy of friends