M. Bölter - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by M. Bölter
Four major sources of dissolved and particulate detritus interact to determine the composition of... more Four major sources of dissolved and particulate detritus interact to determine the composition of organic matter in Admiralty Bay: 1. production of dissolved and particulate matter (especially sugars, DOC), from extensive beds of benthic macrophytes via exudation and pulp formation from eroded intertidal zones during storms; 2. land run-off of nitrogencycle waste products from penguins and seals; 3. freshwater contributions from glacier-melts, carrying high loads of re-mineralized inorganic nutrients and particulate detritus; and, 4. in situ phytoplankton primary production and associated modification by secondary consumers. The parameters monitored under field conditions included inorganic nutrients, salinity, temperature, urea, DOC, POC, PON, chlorophyll-a, 14C-primary production, dissolved mono- and polysaccharides, individual and combined amino acids, and particulate soluble and structural sugars. A detailed epi-fluorescence microscopical study of bacterial cell numbers, size cl...
The expedition TNW-99 was dedicated to the search for aspects of life in the Canadian Arctic at d... more The expedition TNW-99 was dedicated to the search for aspects of life in the Canadian Arctic at different scales (ERIKSEN et al. 2006). Preliminary results have been published in the cruise report (BÖLTER 1999, GRÖNLUND 1999), as well as data on soil algae (BÖLTER 2001) and soil (BÖLTER et al. 2006). The working group for small-scale processes thus put its focus on the life of microbial organisms, i.e., bacteria and fungi. Our aim was to provide data on sub-surface biomass in correlation with the main focus of other working groups, namely, various higher plants (ERIKSEN et al. 2006, LARSSON & LEVESQUE 2002). The data set provided here is, then, another piece of the puzzle of life in arctic soil (HENRY et al. oral com.).
of microbiological, chemical, andphysicochemical parameters were monitored. Depending upon locati... more of microbiological, chemical, andphysicochemical parameters were monitored. Depending upon location, widevariations ofa numberofparametersreflecting dissolved organic andinorganic nutrients, chlorophyll a,microbial number,and uptake activity ofglucose were measured. Whereasmostoftheparameters generallyshowed thetendency todecrease fromtheinner totheouterKielFjord, individual parameters (oxygen, particulate nitrogen, ribose, chlorophyll a, glucose/fructose ratio) increased withincreasing distance fromtheinner KielFjord. Similarities inthelocal variation pattemdemonstrated various relationships between individual parameters. Amongthose, dissolved organic nutrients on the one handandinorganic nutrients on theother handwere closely linked together. Variations oforganic andinorganic nutrients corresponded tovariations of microbial activity andphysicochemical parameters. Bycomparing standing stock carbon withcarbon production, a microbial biomass turnovertimeofabout100 hwas calculated. Ap...
Cellular and molecular biology, 2004
This review describes psychrophilic and psychrotolerant microorganisms, which are abundant in dif... more This review describes psychrophilic and psychrotolerant microorganisms, which are abundant in different kinds of environments. Their ecophysiological properties and strategies for survival are reviewed in relation to their occurrences in marine and terrestrial environments, with special reference to the deep-sea, the sea ice and the permafrost soils.
Beiträge zur Orthopädie und Traumatologie, 1984
Reindeer Management in Northernmost Europe, 2006
... 1980; Manseau et al. 1996; Virtanen et al. 1997), as do the magnitude of the processes involv... more ... 1980; Manseau et al. 1996; Virtanen et al. 1997), as do the magnitude of the processes involved (Augustine and McNaughton 1998). Effects on the environment from herding have undergone drastic changes during the last few decades (Kumpula 2001; Chap. ...
Polar Biology, 1995
Bacterial numbers and biomass associated with soils and plants from King George Island, Mari-time... more Bacterial numbers and biomass associated with soils and plants from King George Island, Mari-time Antarctica, were analysed by epifluorescence microscopy. Sampling was carried out during austral summer 1992/1993 at different sites in the vicinity of Arctowski Station. ...
Geoecology of Antarctic Ice- …, 2002
... or the amount of available substrates for metabolic processes which cannot be determined as o... more ... or the amount of available substrates for metabolic processes which cannot be determined as overall parameters. ... bacteria from McMurdo showed optima between 10 and 21 °C and growth maxima up ... them, a fact which indicates the potential of cold adapted enzymes and can ...
Geoderma, 2015
ABSTRACT Only 0.35% (49,500 km2) of Antarctica is ice-free. These areas are scattered around the ... more ABSTRACT Only 0.35% (49,500 km2) of Antarctica is ice-free. These areas are scattered around the periphery of the continent and in interior mountain ranges, making soil mapping difficult. Here we compile the results of mapping in five of the nine ice-free areas that account for 79% of the ice-free area on a reconnaissance scale and interpret the distribution of soil subgroups in Soil Taxonomy. Soils of Antarctica are contained in four orders, dominantly Gelisols (84%), 13 suborders, 27 great groups, and 76 subgroups. Forty-five percent of the soils of Antarctica are Orthels, Gelisols that show minimal cryoturbation and occur in dry landscape positions; 38% of the soils are Turbels showing cryoturbation and occurring in more moist landscape positions. Only 16% of the soils of Antarctica lack permafrost in the control section and are classified as Entisols (Gel-great groups), Inceptisols (Gelepts suborder or Gelaquepts), or Histosols (Gel-great groups). These soils occur almost exclusively along the western Antarctic Peninsula and at elevations below 30 m in the South Shetland Islands (SSI) and South Orkney Islands (SOI). Typic Anhyorthels are the dominant soil subgroup comprising nearly 15,340 km2, or 31% of the soils in Antarctica. These soils occur primarily in central and southern Victoria Land, but also occur in the Thiel and Pensacola Mountains and Shackleton Range, the Prince Charles Mountains, and the mountains of Queen Maud Land. Typic Haploturbels and Typic Anhyturbels occupy 14 and 13% of the soils of ice-free regions of Antarctica, respectively. Most abundant in central Victoria Land, they are common in most mountainous regions of Antarctica. The dominant soil processes of maritime Antarctica are cryoturbation, gleization, melanization, podzolization, paludization, and phosphatization. In coastal East Antarctica, the major soil processes are rubification, salinization, calcification, pervection, and gleization. The predominant soil-forming processes in the Transantarctic Mountains include rubification, salinization, desert pavement formation, and permafrost development. Measures of pedodiversity will be valuable in the selection of protected areas in Antarctica.
Ecological Studies, 2002
ABSTRACT Soil formation in the Antarctic is a recognised process. The occurrence of accumulations... more ABSTRACT Soil formation in the Antarctic is a recognised process. The occurrence of accumulations of organic matter despite a hostile climate, and formation of organic soils by debris of mosses, lichens and algae is widespread (Campbell and Claridge 1987; Beyer et al. 1999). This leads to mineral soils which may contain large amounts of soil organic matter in the maritime Antarctic (Blume et al. 1996). In contrast, patches of organic soils are associated locally with shallow mineral soils in coastal regions of East Antarctica (Beyer et al. 1999).
Trends in Antarctic Terrestrial and Limnetic Ecosystems, 2006
... 2004) though less rapidly than plant and animal biodiversity. ... With recent climatechange-a... more ... 2004) though less rapidly than plant and animal biodiversity. ... With recent climatechange-associated temperature and precipitation changes over particularly the sub-and ... indigenous species could colonise and displace native species, with unknown implications for ...
Four major sources of dissolved and particulate detritus interact to determine the composition of... more Four major sources of dissolved and particulate detritus interact to determine the composition of organic matter in Admiralty Bay: 1. production of dissolved and particulate matter (especially sugars, DOC), from extensive beds of benthic macrophytes via exudation and pulp formation from eroded intertidal zones during storms; 2. land run-off of nitrogencycle waste products from penguins and seals; 3. freshwater contributions from glacier-melts, carrying high loads of re-mineralized inorganic nutrients and particulate detritus; and, 4. in situ phytoplankton primary production and associated modification by secondary consumers. The parameters monitored under field conditions included inorganic nutrients, salinity, temperature, urea, DOC, POC, PON, chlorophyll-a, 14C-primary production, dissolved mono- and polysaccharides, individual and combined amino acids, and particulate soluble and structural sugars. A detailed epi-fluorescence microscopical study of bacterial cell numbers, size cl...
The expedition TNW-99 was dedicated to the search for aspects of life in the Canadian Arctic at d... more The expedition TNW-99 was dedicated to the search for aspects of life in the Canadian Arctic at different scales (ERIKSEN et al. 2006). Preliminary results have been published in the cruise report (BÖLTER 1999, GRÖNLUND 1999), as well as data on soil algae (BÖLTER 2001) and soil (BÖLTER et al. 2006). The working group for small-scale processes thus put its focus on the life of microbial organisms, i.e., bacteria and fungi. Our aim was to provide data on sub-surface biomass in correlation with the main focus of other working groups, namely, various higher plants (ERIKSEN et al. 2006, LARSSON & LEVESQUE 2002). The data set provided here is, then, another piece of the puzzle of life in arctic soil (HENRY et al. oral com.).
of microbiological, chemical, andphysicochemical parameters were monitored. Depending upon locati... more of microbiological, chemical, andphysicochemical parameters were monitored. Depending upon location, widevariations ofa numberofparametersreflecting dissolved organic andinorganic nutrients, chlorophyll a,microbial number,and uptake activity ofglucose were measured. Whereasmostoftheparameters generallyshowed thetendency todecrease fromtheinner totheouterKielFjord, individual parameters (oxygen, particulate nitrogen, ribose, chlorophyll a, glucose/fructose ratio) increased withincreasing distance fromtheinner KielFjord. Similarities inthelocal variation pattemdemonstrated various relationships between individual parameters. Amongthose, dissolved organic nutrients on the one handandinorganic nutrients on theother handwere closely linked together. Variations oforganic andinorganic nutrients corresponded tovariations of microbial activity andphysicochemical parameters. Bycomparing standing stock carbon withcarbon production, a microbial biomass turnovertimeofabout100 hwas calculated. Ap...
Cellular and molecular biology, 2004
This review describes psychrophilic and psychrotolerant microorganisms, which are abundant in dif... more This review describes psychrophilic and psychrotolerant microorganisms, which are abundant in different kinds of environments. Their ecophysiological properties and strategies for survival are reviewed in relation to their occurrences in marine and terrestrial environments, with special reference to the deep-sea, the sea ice and the permafrost soils.
Beiträge zur Orthopädie und Traumatologie, 1984
Reindeer Management in Northernmost Europe, 2006
... 1980; Manseau et al. 1996; Virtanen et al. 1997), as do the magnitude of the processes involv... more ... 1980; Manseau et al. 1996; Virtanen et al. 1997), as do the magnitude of the processes involved (Augustine and McNaughton 1998). Effects on the environment from herding have undergone drastic changes during the last few decades (Kumpula 2001; Chap. ...
Polar Biology, 1995
Bacterial numbers and biomass associated with soils and plants from King George Island, Mari-time... more Bacterial numbers and biomass associated with soils and plants from King George Island, Mari-time Antarctica, were analysed by epifluorescence microscopy. Sampling was carried out during austral summer 1992/1993 at different sites in the vicinity of Arctowski Station. ...
Geoecology of Antarctic Ice- …, 2002
... or the amount of available substrates for metabolic processes which cannot be determined as o... more ... or the amount of available substrates for metabolic processes which cannot be determined as overall parameters. ... bacteria from McMurdo showed optima between 10 and 21 °C and growth maxima up ... them, a fact which indicates the potential of cold adapted enzymes and can ...
Geoderma, 2015
ABSTRACT Only 0.35% (49,500 km2) of Antarctica is ice-free. These areas are scattered around the ... more ABSTRACT Only 0.35% (49,500 km2) of Antarctica is ice-free. These areas are scattered around the periphery of the continent and in interior mountain ranges, making soil mapping difficult. Here we compile the results of mapping in five of the nine ice-free areas that account for 79% of the ice-free area on a reconnaissance scale and interpret the distribution of soil subgroups in Soil Taxonomy. Soils of Antarctica are contained in four orders, dominantly Gelisols (84%), 13 suborders, 27 great groups, and 76 subgroups. Forty-five percent of the soils of Antarctica are Orthels, Gelisols that show minimal cryoturbation and occur in dry landscape positions; 38% of the soils are Turbels showing cryoturbation and occurring in more moist landscape positions. Only 16% of the soils of Antarctica lack permafrost in the control section and are classified as Entisols (Gel-great groups), Inceptisols (Gelepts suborder or Gelaquepts), or Histosols (Gel-great groups). These soils occur almost exclusively along the western Antarctic Peninsula and at elevations below 30 m in the South Shetland Islands (SSI) and South Orkney Islands (SOI). Typic Anhyorthels are the dominant soil subgroup comprising nearly 15,340 km2, or 31% of the soils in Antarctica. These soils occur primarily in central and southern Victoria Land, but also occur in the Thiel and Pensacola Mountains and Shackleton Range, the Prince Charles Mountains, and the mountains of Queen Maud Land. Typic Haploturbels and Typic Anhyturbels occupy 14 and 13% of the soils of ice-free regions of Antarctica, respectively. Most abundant in central Victoria Land, they are common in most mountainous regions of Antarctica. The dominant soil processes of maritime Antarctica are cryoturbation, gleization, melanization, podzolization, paludization, and phosphatization. In coastal East Antarctica, the major soil processes are rubification, salinization, calcification, pervection, and gleization. The predominant soil-forming processes in the Transantarctic Mountains include rubification, salinization, desert pavement formation, and permafrost development. Measures of pedodiversity will be valuable in the selection of protected areas in Antarctica.
Ecological Studies, 2002
ABSTRACT Soil formation in the Antarctic is a recognised process. The occurrence of accumulations... more ABSTRACT Soil formation in the Antarctic is a recognised process. The occurrence of accumulations of organic matter despite a hostile climate, and formation of organic soils by debris of mosses, lichens and algae is widespread (Campbell and Claridge 1987; Beyer et al. 1999). This leads to mineral soils which may contain large amounts of soil organic matter in the maritime Antarctic (Blume et al. 1996). In contrast, patches of organic soils are associated locally with shallow mineral soils in coastal regions of East Antarctica (Beyer et al. 1999).
Trends in Antarctic Terrestrial and Limnetic Ecosystems, 2006
... 2004) though less rapidly than plant and animal biodiversity. ... With recent climatechange-a... more ... 2004) though less rapidly than plant and animal biodiversity. ... With recent climatechange-associated temperature and precipitation changes over particularly the sub-and ... indigenous species could colonise and displace native species, with unknown implications for ...