Michał Boraczyński - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Michał Boraczyński

Journal of Human Kinetics

The purpose of this study was to assess a wide range of physiological and performance variables a... more The purpose of this study was to assess a wide range of physiological and performance variables and investigate whether and to what extent these variables are associated with each other in soccer. Twenty-five male soccer players (25.1 ± 4.56 years; body mass, 75.2 ± 5.92 kg; body height, 180.6 ± 5.45 cm) performed: 5- and 30-m sprints (T5m and T30m, respectively), 1-repetition-maximum (1RM) half squat, maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) of the knee extensors, countermovement jump (CMJ) to obtain vertical jump height (CMJheight) and power output (CMJpower), the 10-s Wingate Anaerobic Test (WAnT) to obtain peak power (Pmax), and the 20-m multi-stage shuttle run test (MST) to evaluate aerobic capacity. 1RM, MVIC, and Pmax were normalized to body mass. Large negative correlations were found between sprint times and 1RM half back squat/BM (r = -0.510 to -0.570, r2 = 0.260–0.325, both p < 0.01) and Pmax/BM (r = -0.501, r2 = 0.251, p < 0.01). T30m most strongly and negati...

Journal of Clinical Medicine

Cold-water immersion (CWI) after exercise is a method used by sportsmen to improve recovery. The ... more Cold-water immersion (CWI) after exercise is a method used by sportsmen to improve recovery. The aim of the study was to assess the effect of a 3 min CWI on the inflammatory state by measuring levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 10 (IL-10), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), and activities of α1-antitrypsin (AAT) and lysosomal enzymes, including arylsulfatase (ASA), acid phosphatase (AcP), and cathepsin D (CTS D), in the blood of healthy recreational athletes. Male volunteers (n = 22, age 25 ± 4.8 yr) performed a 30 min submaximal aerobic exercise, followed by a 20 min rest at room temperature (RT-REST) or a 20 min rest at room temperature with an initial 3 min 8 °C water bath (CWI-REST). Blood samples were taken at baseline, immediately after exercise, and after 20 min of recovery. The IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α levels and the AAT activity increased significantly immediately after exercise. The IL-6 level was significantly higher after ...

Physical education, sport and health culture in modern society

The aim of the research was to recreate the processes determining the development of the concept ... more The aim of the research was to recreate the processes determining the development of the concept of the Polish horse riding school. In the implementation of the previously adopted scheme, there were used methods in the field of historical and pedagogical science. As a result of the query, a lot of the material was obtained at the Central Military Archives in Warsaw and the Sports Museum in Olsztyn. It should be emphasized that the use of horses in the Republic of Poland has centuries of tradition. Yet in the 18th century, Polish horse riding school dominated in Europe. However, due to the subsequent partitions and the loss of independence, there were no conditions for further improvement of the equestrian art system. The next opportunity did not appear until 1918, when Poles created the foundation of statehood. Therefore, shortly thereafter, three military horse riding schools were established for the needs of the reviving weapon. They were dominated by the old classical-manege syst...

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the relationships between socioeconomic factors, anth... more Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the relationships between socioeconomic factors, anthropometric characteristics and motor abilities of male university students. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted from 2000 to 2018 on 2691 male university students aged 19.98 ± 1.05 years, who were randomly selected from students attending obligatory physical education (PE) classes. The participants’ body mass and height were measured, and students participated in 13 motor ability tests that assessed their speed/agility, flexibility, strength and endurance abilities. Multiple independent samples were compared with the Kruskal–Wallis test or the mean-ranks post-hoc test when significant differences were observed in the participants’ motor abilities. Results: Factors such as the place of permanent residence, students’ monthly budget, and mother’s and father’s educational background, significantly (p < 0.05) influenced the body mass, BMI and motor abilities of first-year univer...

Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte

Objectives: The aim of the study was to determine the effects of sauna-induced heat exposure on b... more Objectives: The aim of the study was to determine the effects of sauna-induced heat exposure on body mass loss (BML) and its relationships with basic anthropometric and physiological variables. Methods: The sample comprised 230 healthy adult males aged 21.0 ± 1.08 years (age range: 20.0–24.5 years). Body surface area (BSA) was determined and two groups of individuals with high BSA (BSAH; n = 58) and low BSA (BSAL; n = 74) were extracted. The intervention consisted of two 10-min dry sauna sessions separated by a 5-min interlude. Pre-, peri-, and post-sauna measures of nude body mass (BM) and heart rate (HR) were taken. Results: BML differed between BSA groups by 0.28 kg (74.81%). Absolute and relative BML most strongly correlated with BM and BSA (p < 0.001). Among the four considered height–weight indexes, the Quetelet I Index and Body Mass Index showed the strongest associations (p < 0.001) with BML whereas the weakest were with the Rohrer Index (p < 0.01) and Slenderness I...

Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research

Human Movement

Purpose. This descriptive-correlational study describes the relationships between anthropometric ... more Purpose. This descriptive-correlational study describes the relationships between anthropometric features, body composition, and anaerobic alactic power (AAP) in elite post-pubertal and mature male taekwondo athletes. Methods. A sample of 41 taekwondo athletes was divided into two groups: post-pubertal (P-P, n = 19, M

Cryobiology, 2017

The goal of the study was to evaluate the effect of an aerobic exercise bout followed by ice-wate... more The goal of the study was to evaluate the effect of an aerobic exercise bout followed by ice-water immersion or recovery at room temperature on the redox state, activities of selected lysosomal enzymes and activity of α1-antitrypsin (AAT) in the blood of healthy sportsmen. Eleven amateur football players aged 18 were randomly assigned to two similar 30-min aerobic cycle ergometer tests followed by a recovery at room temperature (20 °C; Experiment 1) or ice-water immersion (3 °C, 5 min; Experiment 2). Peripheral blood was collected three times during both study experiments: before (baseline), as well as 20 and 40 min after the recovery or immersion. The concentrations of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances in blood plasma (plTBARS) and erythrocytes (erTBARS) were measured. The erythrocytic activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were also determined. In the blood serum, the activities of acid phosphatase (AcP), arylsulphatase (ASA...

Biomedical Human Kinetics, 2016

Summary: The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between basic somatic features (b... more Summary: The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between basic somatic features (body mass and height) and body mass loss in physically inactive young women and men exposed to thermal stress in a dry sauna.: The research was conducted in 2015 on 685 first-year full-time students (333 women, 352 men), aged 19–20 years old. Nude body mass was measured after the students dried off before and after using the sauna.: An analysis of regression equations indicated that an increase in the body mass of women and men leads to a significant increase in sauna-induced body mass loss. On the other hand, body mass loss decreased with an increase in height in women and men, but to a smaller extent. From among the tested somatic features, body height and body mass, body mass had a decisive influence on body mass loss. Body height had a minimal and statistically non-significant impact on body mass loss.: The results of this study indicate that heavier individuals have an increased risk...

This study determined the general fitness level of female early education teachers (EETs) (N=217)... more This study determined the general fitness level of female early education teachers (EETs) (N=217) based on fitness test standards, and compared the results with those of preschool children (N=700), early elementary school children (n=1306) and female early education university students (FEEUSs) (N=303) in Poland. All participants were subjected to height and weight measurements and their BMI scores were determined. Based on eight motor fitness tests, the general physical fitness level of EETs was 'average', based on the classification standards in Podstawski's Test. The scores of the EETs were 'poor' in three motor tests, 'average' in four tests and 'good' in only one test. The EETs scores were significantly poorer than early elementary school children in 4x10m shuttle run, sit-ups in 30s, bent arm hang on bar and a 1-minute Burpee test. The results of the EETs were significantly below those of FEEUSs in the standing long jump, 4x10m shuttle run, ...

nnotation: Efforts to improve the health of the population are now focused on promoting healthy l... more nnotation: Efforts to improve the health of the population are now focused on promoting healthy lifestyle, improve living conditions and to reduce mortality. Health education activities include regular physical activity, optimal nutrition, reduce addictions and stress. The purpose of the survey conducted among 672 first-year female students at the University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn (Poland) was to determine the attitudes of young women towards a healthy lifestyle. Using anonymous survey questionnaire asked students about the form of physical activity, nutrition, the presence of stressful situations, the use of drugs, such as alcohol and cigarettes, and the interest in deepening knowledge of public health. The majority of students have participated only in obligatory physical education classes in high school and college. They considered that physical activity during the studies should be voluntary. Only 4.24% of students were total abstinence from alcohol, but 79.10% was non-...

The aim of the study was to evaluate the somatic development and comprehensive physical fitness o... more The aim of the study was to evaluate the somatic development and comprehensive physical fitness of artistic gymnasts aged 7-10 years. Materials and methods: Gymnasts (n = 307), split up into four age groups performed eight Eurofit tests. The results were evaluated in points according to the development standards prepared in scale T for the Polish girls population. Results: The gymnasts obtained the highest growth rate in balance test-FLB (13 points), arm and shoulder muscular endurance test-BAH (7 points) and speed of the upper limb movement test-PLT (4 points) out of eight physical fitness tests. Conclusions. High and very high level of performance in the six Eurofit tests and increased total number of points in the subsequent age groups of artistic gymnasts proved high effectiveness of training in shaping the key components of a comprehensive physical fitness in artistic gymnastics-balance, strength, endurance, speed and flexibility. Relatively little progress in isometric hand strength (HGR) and standing broad jump (SBJ) suggests a significant influence of genetic factors on the level of these abilities. The results provide an objective information useful in optimizing control system of training effects in comprehensive physical fitness and optimization of artistic gymnasts training at the comprehensive stage of sports training.

International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching

Maintaining proper body mass has become a serious social problem. A review of literature concerni... more Maintaining proper body mass has become a serious social problem. A review of literature concerning the relationships between body mass and health-related fitness revealed significantly fewer studies conducted on physically inactive people. The aim of the study was to determine the relationships between BMI values and the level of endurance-strength abilities in 19-23 year-old women. The research was conducted in 2012 on 204 first-year female students attending the University of Warmia & Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland. Basic anthropometric parameters (body mass and height) were measured and the level of endurance-strength abilities was assessed using the 3-minute Burpee test. The conducted research indicated that overweight and obesity negatively influence the level of endurance-strength abilities assessed by the 3-minute Burpee test. Statistical calculations revealed that when the value of BMI increases by 1%, the number of repetitions performed during the 3-minute Burpee test decreases...

Journal of Human Kinetics, 2015

The main aim of the study was to examine whether relationships exist between particular temperame... more The main aim of the study was to examine whether relationships exist between particular temperamental traits within the concept of Regulative Theory of Temperament and components of physical fitness, that are most crucial for success in sport. The research involved 108 individuals including 63 men (age 21.1 ± 1.6 yrs) and 45 women (age 20.7 ± 1.3 yrs). None of the respondents were professionally engaged in sport. Components of physical fitness included: aerobic capacity, strength, agility, static-dynamic balance and reaction time. The respondents also completed two questionnaires: the Formal Characteristics of Behaviour – Temperament Inventory and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. The results indicate that the temperamental traits had average to poor correlations with the components of physical fitness, whereas more statistically significant correlations were observed in women. Negative correlations were obtained between emotional reactivity and agility, which was a...

Cryobiology, Jan 21, 2015

The effect of an ice-cold water (ICW) bath as a recovery intervention from aerobic exercise on th... more The effect of an ice-cold water (ICW) bath as a recovery intervention from aerobic exercise on the oxidant-antioxidant balance in healthy ice swimmers was determined. Twenty ice swimmers aged 31.2 ± 6.3 years performed a 30-min cycloergometer exercise test at room temperature (20°C, RT), followed by recovery at RT or in a pool of ice-cold water (ICW bath, 3°C, 5 min). Blood for laboratory assays was collected from the basilic vein two times: before the exercise (baseline) and 40 min after the RT or ICW recovery. The concentrations of plasma and erythrocytic thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (plTBARS and erTBARS, respectively), serum concentrations of 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α, 4-hydroxynonenal and malondialdehyde, along with the erythrocytic activities of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), as well as the serum level of total antioxidant capacity, were assessed. No statistically significant changes were observed. However, a statistically significant negative linear co...

Journal of Combat Sports and Martial Arts, 2013

Introduction. Various forms of martial arts are gaining the interest of university students. The ... more Introduction. Various forms of martial arts are gaining the interest of university students. The aim of the studies presented in this article was to assess the differences in the level of motor abilities of the students taking part in diverse forms of physical education with a special focus on those practicing martial arts. Material and methods. The research was conducted in 2010 with 1 st year university male students aged 19-20, enrolled at the University of Warmia & Mazury in Olsztyn. A total of 330 students selected from 23 physical education classes were included in the studies. In order to accurately assess the level of individual motor abilities, 13 motor tests were applied. Results. The research revealed that the level of students' motor abilities depended on the type of the P.E. classes in which they participated including: martial arts, body-building/fitness, volleyball, jogging with sauna, golf, general PE classes. The highest level of motor abilities in the majority of individual tests was observed in those students who attended martial arts classes. Conclusions. Participation in martial arts promotes significantly stronger all-round development of motor abilities in comparison to other forms of physical activity analyzed in this work.

Polish Journal of Sports Medicine, 2012

To ma sz Bo ra czyń ski 1(A,B,C,D,E,F) , Mi cha ł Bo ra czyń ski 1(B,C,D,E,F) , Zbi gnie w Ob miń... more To ma sz Bo ra czyń ski 1(A,B,C,D,E,F) , Mi cha ł Bo ra czyń ski 1(B,C,D,E,F) , Zbi gnie w Ob miń ski 2(A,D) , Pio tr Sta sie wicz 1(B,F) , Ro ber t Pod staw ski 3(C,D) , Ka ta rzy na Sta sie wicz 1(B) , Ra fa ł Sur mań ski 1(E) 1 Olsz tyń ska Szko ła Wy ższa im. Jó ze fa Ru siec kie go, Olsz tyn 2 In sty tut Spor tu, War sza wa 3 Uni wer sy tet War miń sko-Ma zur ski, Olsz tyn 1 Jo seph Ru siec ki High Scho ol, Olsz tyn 2 In sti tu te of Sport, War saw 3 Uni ver si ty of War mia & Ma zu ry, Olsz tyn

The Scientific World Journal, 2014

The aim of the study was to evaluate the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and body mass... more The aim of the study was to evaluate the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and body mass loss (BML) induced by thermal stress in a dry sauna. The study was conducted on a group of 674 sedentary students, 326 women and 348 men aged 19-20. The correlations between BMI scores and BML were determined. The subjects were placed in supine position in a dry sauna for two sessions of 10 minutes each with a 5-minute break. The influence of BMI on the amount of BML in the sauna was determined by nonlinear stepwise regression. The smallest BML was noted in underweight subjects; students with normal weight lost more weight, whereas the greatest BML was reported in overweight and obese subjects. Persons with a high BMI are at higher risk of dehydration, and they should pay particular attention to replenishing fluids during a visit to the sauna. The proposed equations for calculating BML based on a person's BMI can be useful in estimating the amount of fluids that should be replenishe...

Biomedical Human Kinetics, 2014

SummaryStudy aim: Regular exercise training is thought to modify cardiac autonomic control. One o... more SummaryStudy aim: Regular exercise training is thought to modify cardiac autonomic control. One of the body’s responses to training stimuli is heart rate variability (HRV). The use of HRV in the management of sport training is a common practice. The objective of the present study was to assess the impact of the physical activity level on HRV of 1st league national volleyball players prior to and during the competition period.Materials and methods: The study involved 11 players whose HRV was evaluated during the two analysed training periods. Selected indicators of spectral analysis (total power, %VLF, % LF, % HF powers, LF n.u, HF n.u, and LF/HF powers) as well as time analysis (HR, RR, RMSSD, NN50) were assessed on the basis of recordings.Results: The studies conducted in the pre-competition and competition periods showed significant differences in the parameters of spectral VLF% analysis and time NN50 analysis. In the competition period, a significant increase in VLF [%] may be th...