Mullika Chomnawang - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Mullika Chomnawang

Pharmaceutical Sciences Asia, 2018

Antibiotics, 2020

Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) is a critical health concern for the treatmen... more Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) is a critical health concern for the treatment of infectious diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the molecular epidemiology of CRAB emphasizing the presence of oxacillinase (OXA)-type β-lactamase-encoding genes, one of the most important carbapenem resistance mechanisms. In this study, a total of 183 non-repetitive CRAB isolates collected from 11 tertiary care hospitals across Thailand were investigated. As a result, the blaoxa-51-like gene, an intrinsic enzyme marker, was detected in all clinical isolates. The blaoxa-23-like gene was presented in the majority of isolates (68.31%). In contrast, the prevalence rates of blaoxa-40/24-like and blaoxa-58-like gene occurrences in CRAB isolates were only 4.92% and 1.09%, respectively. All isolates were resistant to carbapenems, with 100% resistance to imipenem, followed by meropenem (98.91%) and doripenem (94.54%). Most isolates showed high resistance rates to ciprofloxacin...

The fruit rind of Garcinia mangostana Linn. has been traditionally used for treatment of skin inf... more The fruit rind of Garcinia mangostana Linn. has been traditionally used for treatment of skin infection, wounds, dysentery, and diarrhea. ﷿a-Mangostin, a major constituent of the fruit rind, was reported to possess a strong inhibitory effect against Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis, which is involved in acne development. This study was conducted to quantitative analyze the content of ﷿a-mangostin in the fruit rind of this plant collected from 13 locations in the South and East of Thailand by validated TLC-densitometric method. Antibacterial activity against P. acnes and S. epidermidis of the extracts was also determined. ﷿a-Mangostin contents in the fruit rinds and in the 95 % ethanolic extracts were found in the ranges of 3.39-5.68 and 11.83-23.11 % dry weight, respectively. The samples from the South showed higher contents of ﷿a-mangostin (average 17.64 % w/w in the extract and 4.85 % w/w in the dried powder) than the eastern samples. The MIC values of all ex...

Pharmaceutical Biology, 2009

The ethanol extracts of mangosteen fruit rinds prepared by several extraction methods were examin... more The ethanol extracts of mangosteen fruit rinds prepared by several extraction methods were examined for their contents of bioactive compounds, DPPH-scavenging activity, and anti-acne producing bacteria against Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis. The dried powder of the fruit rind was extracted with 95% ethanol by maceration, percolation, Soxhlet extraction, ultrasonic extraction, and extraction using a magnetic stirrer. Soxhlet extraction promoted the maximum contents of crude extract (26.60% dry weight) and α-mangostin (13.51%, w/w of crude extract), and also gave the highest anti-acne activity with MIC 7.81 and 15.63 μg/mL and MBC 15.53 and 31.25 μg/mL against P. acnes and S. epidermidis, respectively. Ethanol 70% and 50% (v/v) were also compared in Soxhlet extraction. Ethanol 50% promoted the extract with maximum amounts of total phenolic compounds (26.96 g gallic acid equivalents/100 g extract) and total tannins (46.83 g tannic acid equivalents/100 g extract), and also exhibited the most effective DPPH-scavenging activity (EC 50 12.84 μg/mL). Considering various factors involved in the process, Soxhlet extraction carried a low cost in terms of reagents and extraction time. It appears to be the recommended extraction method for mangosteen fruit rind. Ethanol 50% should be the appropriate solvent for extracting free radical-scavenging components, phenolic compounds, and tannins, while 95% ethanol is recommended for extraction of α-mangostin, a major anti-acne component from this plant.

Medical Principles and Practice, 2010

acnes and S. epidermidis. Using HPLC, the dichloromethane extract yielded the highest content (46... more acnes and S. epidermidis. Using HPLC, the dichloromethane extract yielded the highest content (46.21% w/w) of ␣-mangostin followed by the ethanol extract (18.03% w/w), the hexane extract (17.21% w/w) and the water extract (0.54% w/w). Conclusions: Dichloromethane extract exhibited the strongest anti-acne-inducing bacterial effect and this extract yielded the highest amount of ␣-mangostin.

Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2005

Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis have been recognized as pus-forming bacter... more Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis have been recognized as pus-forming bacteria triggering an inflammation in acne. The present study was conducted to evaluate antimicrobial activities of Thai medicinal plants against these etiologic agents of acne vulgaris. Crude extracts were tested for antimicrobial activities by disc diffusion and broth dilution methods. The results from the disc diffusion method showed that 13 medicinal plants could inhibit the growth of Propionibacterium acnes. Among those, Senna alata, Eupatorium odoratum, Garcinia mangostana, and Barleria lupulina had strong inhibitory effects. Based on a broth dilution method, the Garcinia mangostana extract had the greatest antimicrobial effect. The MIC values were the same (0.039 mg/ml) for both bacterial species and the MBC values were 0.039 and 0.156 mg/ml against Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis, respectively. In bioautography assay, the Garcinia mangostana extract produced strong inhibition zones against Propionibacterium acnes. Antimicrobial activity from fractions of column chromatography revealed one of the active compounds in Garcinia mangostana could be mangostin, a xanthone derivative. Taken together, our data indicated that Garcinia mangostana had a strong inhibitory effect on Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Therefore, this plant would be an interesting topic for further study and possibly for an alternative treatment for acne.

Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2009

Ethnopharmacological relevance: Gonorrhea is a sexually transmitted disease (STD), which originat... more Ethnopharmacological relevance: Gonorrhea is a sexually transmitted disease (STD), which originates from bacteria, Neisseria gonorrhoeae. It is still one of the major health problems worldwide in both men and women. Many medicinal plants have been recorded in Thai folk medicine for relieving STD but there is no scientific report of these plants for antigonococcal activity. Aim of the study: This study was conducted to evaluate antigonococcal activity of 22 Thai medicinal plants selected from the plants popularly used in Thai folk medicine for treatment of gonorrhea. Materials and methods: This study was performed by disc diffusion and agar dilution methods against Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Active compound was investigated by bioautographic assay. Results: Among the selected plants, Coscinium fenestratum (Gaertn.) Colebr. extract showed the most effective activity against Neisseria gonorrhoeae ATCC 49226 with MIC value of 47.39 g/ml. Bioautographic assay revealed that berberine was the active compound of Coscinium fenestratum against Neisseria gonorrhoeae. The average MIC values of purified berberine against Neisseria gonorrhoeae ATCC 49226 and 11 clinical isolates were 13.51 and 17.66 g/ml, respectively while average MIC value of the crude extract of Coscinium fenestratum against all clinical isolates was about 56.39 g/ml. There was no acute toxicity detected at the dose of 5 g of Coscinium fenestratum crude extract per kilogram. Conclusions: These results provide theoretical support for ethnopharmacological relevance of antigonococcal activity of Coscinium fenestratum and its active compound.

Fitoterapia, 2009

Contents of bioactive components, free radical scavenging and anti-acne producing bacteria activi... more Contents of bioactive components, free radical scavenging and anti-acne producing bacteria activities of young and mature fruit rind extracts of mangosteen were compared. The young fruit rind extract contained significantly higher contents of phenolics and tannins and promoted higher free radical scavenging activity than the mature fruit rind extract, while the later extract contained higher contents of flavonoids and α-mangostin xanthone and gave higher anti-acne producing bacteria activity than the young fruit rind extract. Thus, the young and mature stages of mangosteen fruit rind should be beneficial for further development of antioxidant and anti-acne pharmaceutical preparations, respectively.

Fitoterapia, 2007

The present study was aimed to investigate the activity of Thai medicinal plants on inflammation ... more The present study was aimed to investigate the activity of Thai medicinal plants on inflammation caused by Propionibacterium acnes in terms of free radical scavenging and cytokine reducing properties. P. acnes have been recognized as pus-forming bacteria triggering an inflammation in acne. Antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH scavenging and NBT reduction assay. The result showed that Garcinia mangostana possessed the most significant antioxidant activity and reduced reactive oxygen species production. Houttuynia cordata, Eupatorium odoratum, and Senna alata had a moderate antioxidant effect. In addition, Garcinia mangostana extracts could reduce the TNF-α production as determined by ELISA. Garcinia mangostana was highly effective in scavenging free radicals and was able to suppress the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. This study has identified the promising source of anti-inflammatory agent which could be useful in treatment of acne vulgaris.

Open Forum Infectious Diseases, 2017

were approximately 24. This is very similar to previous studies of omadacycline against S. pneumo... more were approximately 24. This is very similar to previous studies of omadacycline against S. pneumoniae (stasis AUC/MIC 18) and other PK/PD evaluations of tetracycline-class antibiotics. 1-log kill targets were only 2-3 fold more than stasis targets for each strain. This data should provide useful in the dose-regimen optimization of omadacycline.

Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2013

The outbreak of histamine fish poisoning has been being an issue in food safety and international... more The outbreak of histamine fish poisoning has been being an issue in food safety and international trade. The growth of contaminated bacterial species including Morganella morganii which produce histidine decarboxylase causes histamine formation in fish during storage. Histamine, the main toxin, causes mild to severe allergic reaction. At present, there is no well-established solution for histamine fish poisoning. This study was performed to determine the antibacterial activity of essential oils from Thai spices against histamine-producing bacteria. Among the essential oils tested, clove, lemongrass and sweet basil oils were found to possess the antibacterial activity. Clove oil showed the strongest inhibitory activity against Morganella morganii, followed by lemongrass and sweet basil oils. The results indicated that clove, lemongrass and sweet basil oils could be useful for the control of histamine-producing bacteria. The attempt to identify the active components using preparative ...

Pharmaceutical Sciences Asia

Acinetobacter baumannii is one of nosocomial pathogen which emerges as multidrug-resistance world... more Acinetobacter baumannii is one of nosocomial pathogen which emerges as multidrug-resistance worldwide. Multidrugresistant A. baumannii (MDRAB) and carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii (CRAB) are highly concerned due to limitation of therapeutic options. Antibacterial activity of biapenem was explored in order to overcome bacterial resistance. A total of 412 A. baumannii clinical isolates from 13 tertiary care hospitals in Thailand were collected. MIC values of biapenem and comparators; imipenem, meropenem, colistin, sulbactam, ciprofloxacin ceftazidime and fosfomycin sodium, were determined by broth microdilution method in accordance with the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines (2016). In total, 320 isolates (77.67%) were MDRAB and 328 isolates (79.61%) were CRAB while 58 isolates (14.07%) were colistin-resistant AB. A. baumannii showed widespread resistance to ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin and carbapenems in more than 90% of the strains; resistance to sulbactam, fosfomycin, and colistin were 85%, 60%, and 15% respectively. By comparison among carbapenems, biapenem showed MIC 50/90 of 16/32 which were at least 2 folds lower than imipenem and meropenem (MIC 50/90 ; 32/128, 32/64, respectively). In addition, 15% of imipenem and meropenemresistant A. baumannii were susceptible to biapenem. Also, 19% of colistin-resistant A. baumannii were susceptible to biapenem. Although more than 90% of MDRAB and CRAB were resistant to carbapenems, biapenem showed a good activity over other carbapenems. This drug might be a therapeutic option mono or combination therapy besides other antimicrobial agents.

Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 2016

To apply real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect and quantify the gastrointestinal mi... more To apply real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect and quantify the gastrointestinal microbiota modulated by dietary feed additives was the objective of this study. Sixty-four three-crossbred weaning piglets at 24 days were used and randomly assigned to be fed one of the experimental diets supplemented with different feed additives (0.2% inulin, 0.1% fructooligosaccharide and sub-therapeutic antibiotics), and compared with the non-supplemented group. Comparison of microbiota enumeration by conventional culture and real-time PCR methods in response to feed additives was investigated. The microbiota enumeration by conventional culture and real-time PCR methods showed corresponding responses of selected bacterial counts (Lactobacilli, Bifidobacteria, Escherichia coli) in feces and digesta from caecum and colon to different feed additives. The inulin-treated group tended to have the highest Lactobacilli number, while the sub-therapeutic antibiotics-treated group had significan...

Pharmaceutical Sciences Asia, 2020

Inflammation is a common mechanism of the immune system that protects the host body from injuries... more Inflammation is a common mechanism of the immune system that protects the host body from injuries caused by physical wounds and non-self-invaders, while chronic inflammation might cause tissue damages and is associated with many diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, Alzheimer's disease, and various physical dysfunctions. The non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely used because of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitory function. However, the drugs can also act on COX-1 leading to an unfavorable condition such as irritation of the stomach and increase the risk of bleeding. The aim of this study was to evaluate anti-inflammatory effects of 11 Thai herb essential oils on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) differentiated human monocyte cell-line (THP-1) cells., The COX-2 activity and level of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) were examined. The results showed that among 11 Thai herb essential oils, lesser galanga essential oils exhibited the significant COX-2 and PGE2 inhibitory activities. β-ocimene, the major compound of lesser galanga essential oil, was further evaluated for the anti-inflammatory effects. It was clearly demonstrated that β-ocimene effectively inhibited COX-2 activity and lowered PGE2 level in a dosedependent manner with IC 50 of 75.64 and less than 20 µg/mL, respectively. It was noteworthy that lesser galanga essential oil possessed higher inhibitory effect on COX-2 activity and PGE2 levels than its major compound, β-ocimene. In conclusion, essential oil of lesser galanga and its major compound could be potentially developed as the anti-inflammatory agents.

LWT

Abstract Consumption of food contaminated with microorganisms may lead to the public health issue... more Abstract Consumption of food contaminated with microorganisms may lead to the public health issue. Therefore, it is important to monitor pathogenic microorganisms at the early stage of production to prevent loss in health and economic aspects. In this study, Raman spectroscopic technique was developed to identify food-borne pathogens. The results demonstrated that the variations of each bacterial spectra fingerprint were related to the physiological state of microorganism species. Moreover, the cultivation state of bacteria could affect the identification efficacy by this technique. The spectral ranges of 500–1600 cm−1 were selected to be analyzed with multivariate chemometric analysis and the principal component analysis (PCA) was used to determine optimal parameters for discrimination of food-borne pathogens. Calculated first and second principal components (PC1, PC2) accounted for 51.18 and 48.28% of total variance in the spectra were able to identify the food-borne pathogens at solid and aqueous states. It was clearly demonstrated that suitable cultivation state for microbiological detection by the developed condition was in an aqueous phase. In conclusion, this study suggested that Raman spectroscopy with near-IR wavelength excitation could be potentially useful for the rapid identification of bacteria and possibly applied for food quality control.

Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine

Objective: To evaluate the potential anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) activities of Cladogynos orient... more Objective: To evaluate the potential anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) activities of Cladogynos orientalis Zipp. ex Span and to investigate the molecular mode of action. Methods: Ethanolic and water extracts from various parts of Cladogynos orientalis were examined for cytotoxicity by MTT assay. Sub-cytotoxic concentrations of the extracts were used for further determining anti-HCV activity using cell culture-derived HCV genotype 2a propagated in HepaRG cell line. Immunofluorescence assay was performed to observe the effect on viruses at the pre-entry step. Mode of action at the post-entry step was investigated for the viral RNA and protein expressions by real time RT-PCR and Western blotting assays, respectively. Results: Although Cladogynos orientalis water extracts exhibited lower cytotoxicity than ethanolic extracts, all ethanolic extracts from roots, stems, and leaves of Cladogynos orientalis exhibited higher anti-HCV activities than water extracts. The highest anti-HCV activity was observed in infected cells treated with the extracts 5 h after absorption. No extracts showed pre-viral entry effect. At the post-viral entry step, only leaf ethanolic extracts inhibited NS5B expression, while all extracts did not inhibit HCV NS3 expression. Conclusions: Cladogynos orientalis ethanolic extracts could be further studied and the major active compound needs to be identified as a promising source for anti-HCV agents.

International Journal of Medical Sciences

Hyperpigmentation is a type of pigmentary disorder induced by overexpression of melanin content a... more Hyperpigmentation is a type of pigmentary disorder induced by overexpression of melanin content activated severe esthetic problems as melasma, freckle, ephelides, lentigo and other forms on human skin. Several whitening agents have restricted use because of their side effects or stability such as kojic acid, ascorbic acid and hydroquinone can act as cytotoxic substance which associated to dermatitis and skin cancer. To find for the safe substance, this study aimed to find for the ability of several components in Sucrier banana peel (SBP) extracts to inhibit melanogenesis process through p38 signaling pathway in B16F10 mouse melanoma cells. Tyrosinase activity and the cellular melanin content were dose dependent manner decreasing after SBP treatment. Furthermore, SBP decreased the expression of melanogenesis relate protein as microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) and tyrosinase protein after 24 hours incubation with α-melanocyte stimulating hormones (MSH) stimulating. The findings demonstrated that SBP contained an effective agent for hyperpigmentation inhibitor through p38 signaling pathways without any effect to ERK pathway, and subsequent down-regulate MITF expression and tyrosinase enzyme family production.

Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology

Abstract The aim of this study was to develop acyclovir (ACV)-loaded bovine serum albumin (BSA) n... more Abstract The aim of this study was to develop acyclovir (ACV)-loaded bovine serum albumin (BSA) nanoparticles (NPs) which were surface modified with transactivating transduction (TAT) peptide to improve the transcorneal drug delivery in treating viral related keratitis. The TAT-surface modifications were carried out by both conjugation (TAT-con) and coating (TAT-coat) techniques. Characterization of physicochemical properties and assessment of in vitro transcorneal permeation across human corneal epithelial (HCE-T) cell multilayers of prepared TAT-surface modified ACV-BSA NPs were subsequently investigated. The prepared TAT-surface modified ACV-BSA NPs appeared to be spherical in shape and uniform in size of about 200 nm with surface charges ranging between −20 and −30 mV. Increasing TAT amount in TAT-coat ACV-BSA NPs resulted in an increased size of NPs as expected, but it was not the case for TAT-con ACV-BSA NPs. The prepared TAT-coat ACV-BSA NPs were shown to have less cytotoxic effects on HCE-T cells used in permeation studies than those of TAT-con ACV-BSA NPs and ACV solution. The in vitro transcorneal permeation results indicated that TAT-coat ACV-BSA NPs could bring about the highest ACV permeability as compared to ACV-BSA NPs and ACV solution. Such TAT-surface modified ACV-BSA NPs could be developed as novel ocular drug delivery systems.

Journal of Food Science and Technology

AbstractProbiotics become important bacteria in our daily life due to their benefit on human heal... more AbstractProbiotics become important bacteria in our daily life due to their benefit on human health. In this study, a subset of bacterial strains from children was isolated and evaluated for beneficial probiotic traits such as antimicrobial activity, bile and acid tolerance, and pathogenic cell adherence inhibition. The strain with the best antimicrobial activity was selected for further characterization on the basis of morphological, biochemical characteristics and gene sequence. This strain was Gram-positive, oxidase and catalase-negative, and it produced acids by fermenting sugar and starch as carbon sources. Additionally, it could only hydrolyze bile-esculin, but not red blood cells. The 16S rDNA gene sequence revealed that this strain was Enterococcus faecalis. Interestingly, this strain effectively inhibited a variety of pathogens by acid and bacteriocin production and was bile-tolerant, able to survive under acidic condition. In the safety assessments, E. faecalis MTC 1032 could adhere to host epithelial cells and evidently inhibited pathogenic cell adhesion as demonstrated by cell reduction over time of E. coli ATCC 25922 and S. typhimurium ATCC 13311 on Caco-2 cell line. In summary, it was clearly represented that E. faecalis MTC 1032 provided suitable properties and could be a candidate as a probiotic strain in food supplements.