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Papers by Maria Karamesini
Labour Markets, Gender and Institutional Change
Group of experts on Gender, Social Inclusion and Employment The national experts and co-authors .... more Group of experts on Gender, Social Inclusion and Employment The national experts and co-authors ... European Commission Directorate-General for Employment, Social Affairs and Equal Opportunities ... Danièle Meulders and Síle O'Dorchai (Belgium) Iskra Beleva (Bulgaria) Alena Kříková ...
Expert Group on Gender, Social Inclusion and Employment ... Colette Fagan, Peter Urwin and Kathry... more Expert Group on Gender, Social Inclusion and Employment ... Colette Fagan, Peter Urwin and Kathryn Melling ... European Commission Directorate-General for Employment, Social Affairs and Equal Opportunities Unit G.1 ... Danièle Meulders and Jérôme de Henau (BE) Iskra ...
Table of Contents ABSTRACT________________________________________________________ iii 1. Introdu... more Table of Contents ABSTRACT________________________________________________________ iii 1. Introduction _______________________________________________________1 2. Theoretical framework and literature review _____________________________4 3. Data, variables and methods _________________________________________12 4. Labour market integration and transition characteristics __________________16 5. Transition strategies, job search methods and labour market integration _____23 6. Conclusions ______________________________________________________33 APPENDIX ________________________________________________________37 References _________________________________________________________39 Acknowledgements This paper has reworked , re-framed and interpreted in a more meaningful way some of the initial findings of the University Graduate's Survey 2005, presented in Karamessini (2008). The survey was conducted by the Network of Careers Offices of the Greek Universities, with the participation of the Careers Offices of 18 universities. The project was funded by the 3rd Community Support Framework (Operational Programme "Education and Initial Vocational Training"). As the president of the Network of Career Services of the Greek Universities between 2001 and 2008 and the scientific responsible of the survey, I wish to thank all the contributors to this project and, especially, my immediate collaborators Eric Gazon, Silia Vitoratou and Irene Moustaki. Regarding this paper, I would like to express my acknowledgments to Vassilis Monastiriotis and an anonymous referee for their constructive comments as well as to Andreas Kornelakis for raising my interest in publishing in this series.
Youth Unemployment and Job Insecurity in Europe
Unemployment and difficulties integrating young people into the labour market are widely recogniz... more Unemployment and difficulties integrating young people into the labour market are widely recognized to represent major challenges for the European Union, which is currently facing multiple tasks in this area. Despite ample consideration and suggested convergence policies between EU member states, youth unemployment and early job insecurity remain extensive in many European countries, irrespective of the impact of the financial crisis on their economies. Much action has been taken to decrease youth unemployment, but evidence shows persistently high levels in many European countries, especially since the outbreak of the crisis (Karamessini et al., 2016b). According to Eurostat, 1 youth unemployment rates in the EU-28 exceeded 15 per cent in 21 countries in 2015. In the same year there was extremely wide variation in youth unemployment rates across Europe, ranging from 7.2 per cent in Germany and 8.8 per cent in Iceland to 48.3 per cent in Spain and 49.8 per cent in Greece. The problem is evidently far more acute and persistent in some countries than in others. Spain, Greece, Croatia, Italy, Portugal and Cyprus are the countries most affected by the economic crisis, particularly in terms of youth unemployment. Looking at gender differentiations, women exhibited a distinctly higher unemployment rate up until 2007, but after 2008 − as the crisis substantially affected the 'male' occupations − male and female unemployment
Social Policy Developments in Greece
Gender and Time Use in a Global Context
We are in the middle of a global economic crisis which is considered as the worst since the Great... more We are in the middle of a global economic crisis which is considered as the worst since the Great Depression of the 1930s. The experience of the crisis in different parts of the globe and countries varies greatly as regards the initial shock, secondary effects, policy responses, and economic and social effects. As regards the political management of the crisis, after significant state intervention and public spending to rescue banks and avoid economic collapse during the initial years, austerity became the M. Karamessini (*) Greek Public Employment Agency (OAED),
In the present paper the estimation of different indicators that can be used in order to capture ... more In the present paper the estimation of different indicators that can be used in order to capture the extent and forms of early job insecurity is studied. This specific matter has been receiving increasing research and policy attention throughout the two last decades. The present study proposes a new composite index for measuring the degree of early job insecurity on the basis of the estimation of the transition probabilities between labour market states and school-to-work transitions, with raw data drawn from the European Union’s Labour Force Survey (EU- LFS) for the year 2014. This indicator captures the whole spectrum of early job insecurity in a single measurement. Thus, an attempt is made to provide a new index of early job insecurity, connecting it also to school-to-work transition probabilities, that captures the extent of early job insecurity.
La degradation de la specialisation de l'economie grecque dans la division inter nationale du... more La degradation de la specialisation de l'economie grecque dans la division inter nationale du travail durant les annees 80, constitue l'indicateur principal de la rigidite d'adaptation des structures productives du pays au changement de conjoncture interne et externe. En effet, les formes concretes de flexibilite du travail et de restructuration du capital dans les annees 80 n'ont pas apporte une flexibilite suffisante au systeme economique grec. La modernisation technologique et organisationnelle constitue actuellement la seule voie pour surmonter la crise, etant donne que l'effet positif de la deterioration des termes du contrat salarial sur le taux de profit et la competitivite est contrecarre par la politique de surevaluation de la drachme, par les taux d'interets rells les plus eleves de la communaute europeenne et par une moindre motivation des salaries vis-a-vis de leur travail et de la qualite des produits et des services offerts.
... Alena Kříková (Czech Republic) ... 1 Acknowledgements: We would like to thank Enika BASU for... more ... Alena Kříková (Czech Republic) ... 1 Acknowledgements: We would like to thank Enika BASU for her excellent research assistance provided in the preparation of this report, as well as Pavithra GOVINDARAJAN and Katiaryna ZHUK at Grenoble Ecole de Management. ...
The sovereign debt crisis that started in 2009 marks the demise of the Greek socio-economic devel... more The sovereign debt crisis that started in 2009 marks the demise of the Greek socio-economic development model, which had produced high growth rates and productivity gains over the period 1994–2008. The causes of the Greek sovereign debt crisis are undoubtedly structural and mainly internal, but one should not neglect the links between Greece’s sovereign debt, on one hand, and mass lending by European banks and the functioning of unregulated global fi nancial markets, on the other. Last but not least, the Greek sovereign debt crisis would not have erupted if the global fi nancial crisis – which revealed the limits of the fi nancialisation of advanced capitalist economies – had not occurred and if the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) were more solidaristic and less neoliberal, which would, among other things, make possible a bailout clause for EMU member states in the EU Treaty and the recognition of the European Central Bank (ECB) as a lender of last resort.
Labour Markets, Gender and Institutional Change
Group of experts on Gender, Social Inclusion and Employment The national experts and co-authors .... more Group of experts on Gender, Social Inclusion and Employment The national experts and co-authors ... European Commission Directorate-General for Employment, Social Affairs and Equal Opportunities ... Danièle Meulders and Síle O'Dorchai (Belgium) Iskra Beleva (Bulgaria) Alena Kříková ...
Expert Group on Gender, Social Inclusion and Employment ... Colette Fagan, Peter Urwin and Kathry... more Expert Group on Gender, Social Inclusion and Employment ... Colette Fagan, Peter Urwin and Kathryn Melling ... European Commission Directorate-General for Employment, Social Affairs and Equal Opportunities Unit G.1 ... Danièle Meulders and Jérôme de Henau (BE) Iskra ...
Table of Contents ABSTRACT________________________________________________________ iii 1. Introdu... more Table of Contents ABSTRACT________________________________________________________ iii 1. Introduction _______________________________________________________1 2. Theoretical framework and literature review _____________________________4 3. Data, variables and methods _________________________________________12 4. Labour market integration and transition characteristics __________________16 5. Transition strategies, job search methods and labour market integration _____23 6. Conclusions ______________________________________________________33 APPENDIX ________________________________________________________37 References _________________________________________________________39 Acknowledgements This paper has reworked , re-framed and interpreted in a more meaningful way some of the initial findings of the University Graduate's Survey 2005, presented in Karamessini (2008). The survey was conducted by the Network of Careers Offices of the Greek Universities, with the participation of the Careers Offices of 18 universities. The project was funded by the 3rd Community Support Framework (Operational Programme "Education and Initial Vocational Training"). As the president of the Network of Career Services of the Greek Universities between 2001 and 2008 and the scientific responsible of the survey, I wish to thank all the contributors to this project and, especially, my immediate collaborators Eric Gazon, Silia Vitoratou and Irene Moustaki. Regarding this paper, I would like to express my acknowledgments to Vassilis Monastiriotis and an anonymous referee for their constructive comments as well as to Andreas Kornelakis for raising my interest in publishing in this series.
Youth Unemployment and Job Insecurity in Europe
Unemployment and difficulties integrating young people into the labour market are widely recogniz... more Unemployment and difficulties integrating young people into the labour market are widely recognized to represent major challenges for the European Union, which is currently facing multiple tasks in this area. Despite ample consideration and suggested convergence policies between EU member states, youth unemployment and early job insecurity remain extensive in many European countries, irrespective of the impact of the financial crisis on their economies. Much action has been taken to decrease youth unemployment, but evidence shows persistently high levels in many European countries, especially since the outbreak of the crisis (Karamessini et al., 2016b). According to Eurostat, 1 youth unemployment rates in the EU-28 exceeded 15 per cent in 21 countries in 2015. In the same year there was extremely wide variation in youth unemployment rates across Europe, ranging from 7.2 per cent in Germany and 8.8 per cent in Iceland to 48.3 per cent in Spain and 49.8 per cent in Greece. The problem is evidently far more acute and persistent in some countries than in others. Spain, Greece, Croatia, Italy, Portugal and Cyprus are the countries most affected by the economic crisis, particularly in terms of youth unemployment. Looking at gender differentiations, women exhibited a distinctly higher unemployment rate up until 2007, but after 2008 − as the crisis substantially affected the 'male' occupations − male and female unemployment
Social Policy Developments in Greece
Gender and Time Use in a Global Context
We are in the middle of a global economic crisis which is considered as the worst since the Great... more We are in the middle of a global economic crisis which is considered as the worst since the Great Depression of the 1930s. The experience of the crisis in different parts of the globe and countries varies greatly as regards the initial shock, secondary effects, policy responses, and economic and social effects. As regards the political management of the crisis, after significant state intervention and public spending to rescue banks and avoid economic collapse during the initial years, austerity became the M. Karamessini (*) Greek Public Employment Agency (OAED),
In the present paper the estimation of different indicators that can be used in order to capture ... more In the present paper the estimation of different indicators that can be used in order to capture the extent and forms of early job insecurity is studied. This specific matter has been receiving increasing research and policy attention throughout the two last decades. The present study proposes a new composite index for measuring the degree of early job insecurity on the basis of the estimation of the transition probabilities between labour market states and school-to-work transitions, with raw data drawn from the European Union’s Labour Force Survey (EU- LFS) for the year 2014. This indicator captures the whole spectrum of early job insecurity in a single measurement. Thus, an attempt is made to provide a new index of early job insecurity, connecting it also to school-to-work transition probabilities, that captures the extent of early job insecurity.
La degradation de la specialisation de l'economie grecque dans la division inter nationale du... more La degradation de la specialisation de l'economie grecque dans la division inter nationale du travail durant les annees 80, constitue l'indicateur principal de la rigidite d'adaptation des structures productives du pays au changement de conjoncture interne et externe. En effet, les formes concretes de flexibilite du travail et de restructuration du capital dans les annees 80 n'ont pas apporte une flexibilite suffisante au systeme economique grec. La modernisation technologique et organisationnelle constitue actuellement la seule voie pour surmonter la crise, etant donne que l'effet positif de la deterioration des termes du contrat salarial sur le taux de profit et la competitivite est contrecarre par la politique de surevaluation de la drachme, par les taux d'interets rells les plus eleves de la communaute europeenne et par une moindre motivation des salaries vis-a-vis de leur travail et de la qualite des produits et des services offerts.
... Alena Kříková (Czech Republic) ... 1 Acknowledgements: We would like to thank Enika BASU for... more ... Alena Kříková (Czech Republic) ... 1 Acknowledgements: We would like to thank Enika BASU for her excellent research assistance provided in the preparation of this report, as well as Pavithra GOVINDARAJAN and Katiaryna ZHUK at Grenoble Ecole de Management. ...
The sovereign debt crisis that started in 2009 marks the demise of the Greek socio-economic devel... more The sovereign debt crisis that started in 2009 marks the demise of the Greek socio-economic development model, which had produced high growth rates and productivity gains over the period 1994–2008. The causes of the Greek sovereign debt crisis are undoubtedly structural and mainly internal, but one should not neglect the links between Greece’s sovereign debt, on one hand, and mass lending by European banks and the functioning of unregulated global fi nancial markets, on the other. Last but not least, the Greek sovereign debt crisis would not have erupted if the global fi nancial crisis – which revealed the limits of the fi nancialisation of advanced capitalist economies – had not occurred and if the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) were more solidaristic and less neoliberal, which would, among other things, make possible a bailout clause for EMU member states in the EU Treaty and the recognition of the European Central Bank (ECB) as a lender of last resort.