M. Manley-harris - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by M. Manley-harris

New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science, 2007

ABSTRACT The tuberous root yields of yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) were compared from field tr... more ABSTRACT The tuberous root yields of yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) were compared from field trials planted in September, October, and November at four sites (Pukekohe, Hamilton, Lincoln, Mosgiel) across New Zealand. The September plantings gave the highest yields at all sites, with the October plantings giving 17% less yield and the November plantings 61% less. The September planting at Hamilton produced the highest yield of 90 t/ha, Pukekohe 64 t/ha, Lincoln 22 t/ha, and Mosgiel 15 t/ha. Regression analysis established a strong positive relationship between dry root yield and accumulated growing degree days (GDD) below 10°C calculated for base temperatures 0, 6, and 8°C (R = 0.87–0.88). Regression analysis R values declined above 10°C. Dry root yields were high where heat accumulation was at least 1800 GDD8 for the growing season with c. 1 t/ha of dried roots being produced for every additional 100 GDD8 above 1200 degree days. This relationship helps to identify suitable production environments for yacon. Best root production also needs an undefined level of cool temperatures as at the warmest site crown production was favoured. Total fructo‐oligosaccharide (FOS) content of the yacon roots varied from 48.2% to 67.5%. November yacon had the lowest FOS content and conversely the highest content of non‐FOS carbohydrates.

Food Chemistry, 2015

A high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed to assay nitropropanoyl gluc... more A high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed to assay nitropropanoyl glucosides in the nuts of karaka (Corynocarpus laevigatus) a traditional food of New Zealand Māori. Levels of glucosides, measured as 3-nitropropanoic acid, ranged from 50.25 to 138.62 g kg(-1) (5.0-13.9% w/w) and were highest in nuts from unripe drupes; these levels are higher than any previously reported. Other parts of the drupe also contained nitropropanoyl glucosides but at lower levels than the nut. Treatment procedures to remove the glucosides from the nuts varied in their efficacy with soxhlet extraction removing 98.7% and prolonged boiling and cold water extraction both removing 96%. These findings confirm the traditional methods for preparation of these nuts for consumption.

Australian Journal of Soil Research, 2010

We examined the retention ability of a New Zealand dairy farm soil amended with 3 types of biocha... more We examined the retention ability of a New Zealand dairy farm soil amended with 3 types of biochar produced from a variety of feedstocks for a steroid hormone (oestradiol, E2) and its primary transformation product (estrone, E1). Biochars produced from corn cob (CC), pine sawdust (PSD) and green waste (GW) were characterised by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and solid-state 13 C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Batch sorption studies were performed on soil amended with each biochar (0.5% and 1% by weight) using a complex solvent extraction scheme, and isotherms were fitted to the Freundlich model.

Science of The Total Environment, 2014

Magnetic Resonance in Chemistry, 2003

ABSTRACT Natural abundance 15N NMR using a DEPT pulse sequence was employed to follow the curing ... more ABSTRACT Natural abundance 15N NMR using a DEPT pulse sequence was employed to follow the curing of urea–formaldehyde resin in the presence of wood fiber, fiber extracts and acid or base. The advantages of 15N NMR, large range chemical shifts, simplification of spectra and lack of interference by additives, can be exploited. The disadvantages of low sensitivity and long relaxation delays are offset by using a cross-polarization technique. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A, 2012

Journal of Carbohydrate Chemistry, 2003

The crystal structure of 3,4,6,1′,3′4′‐hexa‐O‐acetyl‐α‐d‐fructofuranose‐β‐d‐fructofuranose 1,2′:2... more The crystal structure of 3,4,6,1′,3′4′‐hexa‐O‐acetyl‐α‐d‐fructofuranose‐β‐d‐fructofuranose 1,2′:2,6′‐dianhydride, 1, has been determined. The central, eight‐membered 1,3,6‐trioxacane ring is in a twist‐boat‐chair conformation. Molecular modeling has shown that this conformation is inherent and not due to crystal packing forces and is also the most likely conformation present in underivatized α‐d‐fructofuranose‐β‐d‐fructofuranose 1,2′:2,6′‐dianhydride.

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2000

Thermal treatments of solid mixtures of inulin and citric acid result in the formation of di-D-fr... more Thermal treatments of solid mixtures of inulin and citric acid result in the formation of di-D-fructose dianhydrides and oligomers derived therefrom. The kinetics of formation of these compounds have been investigated and simulated in computer studies. A mechanism is proposed. The conditions used in this study were analogous to the conditions pertaining to the roasting of chicory, during which similar compounds are formed.

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 1998

... Analytical LC was carried out using a Waters Resolve C 18 8 × 10 mm Radial-Pak column eluted ... more ... Analytical LC was carried out using a Waters Resolve C 18 8 × 10 mm Radial-Pak column eluted with water at 0.5 mL min - 1 and RI detection. For analytical LC 20 μL injections of solutions ofhoney in water (20 mg mL - 1 ) were made; triplicate injections of two samples were ...

Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society, 2013

ABSTRACT Hydrogen peroxide (HP) can degrade soluble heme, forming yellow or colorless degradation... more ABSTRACT Hydrogen peroxide (HP) can degrade soluble heme, forming yellow or colorless degradation products. Thermal treatment during bloodmeal production changes the conformation of oxyhemoglobin trapping heme in hydrophobic protein regions or forms methemoglobin (metHb) heme which catalytically removes HP. As a result, HP can only degrade a portion of the heme present in bloodmeal leading to poor decoloring. Equilibrium peracetic acid (PAA) solutions can effectively decolor bloodmeal. This work assessed the ability of PAA to decolor bloodmeal and the mechanism by which it occurs. The inability of HP to decolor bloodmeal is determined by the fact that it is unable to permanently degrade metHb heme, or hydrophobically trapped heme. Addition of organic acids to HP led to significant swelling of the protein chains but also to poorer decoloring and lower HP consumption compared to PAA. This suggested that in the case of PAA solutions, where bleaching was facile, the reason PAA solutions are capable of decoloring bloodmeal was due to the action of the PAA molecule against heme, whereas HP and acetic (ethanoic) acid played only minor roles in total bleaching. The decolored protein powder has reduced odor and whiter color, and is suitable for applications such as bioplastics.

International Dairy Journal, 2012

14 15 Bovine colostrum and milk samples were collected from two herds over 16 the course of the f... more 14 15 Bovine colostrum and milk samples were collected from two herds over 16 the course of the first month post-partum, pooled for each herd by stage of 17 lactation and total potentially available nucleosides were determined. Sample 18 analysis consisted of parallel enzymatic treatments, phenylboronate clean-up, 19 and liquid chromatography to quantify contributions of nucleosides, 20 monomeric nucleotides, nucleotide adducts, and polymeric nucleotides to the 21 available nucleosides pool. Bovine colostrum contained high levels of 22 nucleosides and monomeric nucleotides, which rapidly decreased as lactation 23 progressed into transitional milk. Mature milk was relatively consistent in 24 nucleoside and monomeric nucleotide concentrations from approximately the 25 tenth day post-partum. Differences in concentrations between summer-milk 26 and winter-milk herds were largely attributable to variability in uridine and 27 monomeric nucleotide concentrations. 28 ______________________________________________________________ 29

Food Chemistry, 2004

... 10.1016/S0308-8146(03)00258-9 | How to Cite or Link Using DOI Copyright © 2003 Elsevier ... A... more ... 10.1016/S0308-8146(03)00258-9 | How to Cite or Link Using DOI Copyright © 2003 Elsevier ... After incubation digital calipers were used to measure the diameter of the area of inhibition ... PC Molan and GM Reid, A survey of the antibacterial activity of some New Zealand honeys. ...

Fitoterapia, 2014

Propolis of Australian stingless bees (Tetragonula carbonaria, Meliponini) originating from Corym... more Propolis of Australian stingless bees (Tetragonula carbonaria, Meliponini) originating from Corymbia torelliana (Myrtaceae) fruit resins was tested for its antimicrobial activities as well as its flavonoid contents. This study aimed at the isolation, structural elucidation and antibacterial testing of flavanones of C. torelliana fruit resins that are incorporated into stingless bee propolis. Flavanones of this study were elucidated by spectroscopic and spectrometric methods including UV, 1D and 2D NMR, EI-MS, ESI-MS and HR-MS. The results indicated known C-methylated flavanones namely, 1 (2S)-cryptostrobin, its regioisomer 2 (2S)- stroboponin, 3 (2S)- cryptostrobin 7-methyl ether, and 6 (2S)- desmethoxymatteucinol, and known flavanones 4 (2S)- pinostrobin and 5 (2S)- pinocembrin as markers for C. torelliana fruit resins and one propolis type. Ethanolic preparations of propolis were shown to be active against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923) and to a lesser extent against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853). C. torelliana flavanones inhibited the growth of S. aureus therefore contributing to the antibacterial effects observed for Australian stingless bee propolis extracts.

Environmental Pollution, 2013

We investigated the effect of soil pH, organic carbon, ionic strength and steroid hormones on the... more We investigated the effect of soil pH, organic carbon, ionic strength and steroid hormones on the sorption of sulfamethoxazole (SMO) and sulfachloropyridazine (SCP) in three pastoral soils of New Zealand. A model linking sorbate speciation with species-specific sorption coefficients describing the pH dependence of the apparent sorption coefficients was used to derive the fraction of each species of SMO. All soils displayed a decrease in sorption when pH was increased, with SMO exhibiting the highest sorption at pH 2. The cationic form of SMO appeared to sorb more close to pH ! pK a1 and, when pH ! pK a2 (6.5, 7.5 and 8.5) the anionic species seems to dominate, however, its sorption affinity to all soils was low. SMO sorption was affected by ionic strengths and organic carbon content, while the presence of hormones showed only a subtle decrease in SCP sorption in a selected model pasture soil.

Carbohydrate Research, 1992

Carbohydrate Research, 1981

ABSTRACT

Carbohydrate Research, 1993

The heating of anhydrous, amorphous, acidified sucrose produces a novel fructoglucan in -30% yiel... more The heating of anhydrous, amorphous, acidified sucrose produces a novel fructoglucan in -30% yield; it contains o-fructose and o-glucose in a -1: 2 ratio. It is highly branched and of relatively low molecular weight; gel-permeation chromatography indicates an average dp -2.5. Methylation analysis was complicated by acid degradation of the methylated fructose units under conditions for hydrolysis of glucopyranoside linkages. Parallel application of three different, hydrolytic regimes indicated linkages predominantly through O-6 of glucop~anoside and O-1 of fructofuranoside residues. Most of the nonreducing end groups are glucopyranos~ and both single and double branch-points are present. The fruetoglucan is similar in molecular size and architecture to a commercial glucan, Polyde~roseTM, which finds extensive use as a noncalorific fed-buiking agent.

Carbohydrate Research, 1995

Carbohydrate Research, 1994

Thermolysis of anhydrous, amorphous, acidified sucrose results in polymerization initially involv... more Thermolysis of anhydrous, amorphous, acidified sucrose results in polymerization initially involving the fructosyl cation and later the glucosyl cation. Monomeric and dimeric anhydro sugars form during the thermolysis and are incorporated into the fructoglucan polymer.