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Papers by Małgorzata Kokocińska

Research paper thumbnail of The Efficiency of Economic Growth for Sustainable Development—A Grey System Theory Approach in the Eurozone and Other European Countries

Sustainability, Feb 23, 2024

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY

Research paper thumbnail of The evaluation of grey relative incidence

Grey systems, Dec 18, 2023

Purpose-With the use of the grey incidence analysis (GIA), indicators such as the absolute degree... more Purpose-With the use of the grey incidence analysis (GIA), indicators such as the absolute degree of grey incidence (ε ij), relative degree of grey incidence (r ij) or synthetic degree of grey incidence (ρ ij) are calculated. However, it seems that some assumptions made to calculate them are arguable, which may also have a material impact on the reliability of test results. In this paper, the authors analyse one of the indicators of the GIA, namely the relative degree of grey incidence. The aim of the article was to verify the hypothesis: in determining the relative degree of grey incidence, the method of standardisation of elements in a series significantly affects the test results. Design/methodology/approach-To achieve the purpose of the article, the authors used the numerical simulation method and the logical analysis method (in order to draw conclusions from our tests). Findings-It turned out that the applied method of standardising elements in series when calculating the relative degree of grey incidence significantly affects the test results. Moreover, the manner of standardisation used in the original method (which involves dividing all elements by the first element) is not the best. Much more reliable results are obtained by a standardisation that involves dividing all elements by their arithmetic mean. Research limitations/implications-Limitations of the conducted evaluation involve in particular the limited scope of inference. This is since the obtained results referred to only one of the indicators classified into the GIA. Originality/value-In this article, the authors have evaluated the model of GIA in which the relative degree of grey incidence is determined. As a result of the research, the authors have proposed a recommendation regarding a change in the method of standardising variables, which will contribute to obtaining more reliable results in relational tests using the grey system theory.

Research paper thumbnail of Impacto de la crisis mundial en el empleo y la productividad de las PYMES : el caso de las grandes economías europeas

Revista De Economia Mundial, 2013

impacto dE la criSiS mundial En El EmplEo y la productividad dE laS pymES: El caSo dE laS grandES... more impacto dE la criSiS mundial En El EmplEo y la productividad dE laS pymES: El caSo dE laS grandES EconomíaS EuropEaS impacto dE la criSiS mundial En El EmplEo y la productividad dE laS pymES: El caSo dE laS grandES EconomíaS EuropEaS impaCt of the World Crisis on the employment and produCtivity of smes: the Case of the largest european eConomies

Research paper thumbnail of Społeczno-ekonomiczne uwarunkowania rozwoju usług w gospodarce narodowej

Research paper thumbnail of Wpływ usług na powstanie i zagospodarowanie czasu wolnego

Research paper thumbnail of Stabilność sektora małych i średnich przedsiębiorstw w wybranych gospodarkach europejskich

Research paper thumbnail of Using Business Tendency Surveys for Short-term Forecasting of Macro-categories : an Econometric Approach

The problem stated in this paper is whether the incorporation of qualitative data into the econom... more The problem stated in this paper is whether the incorporation of qualitative data into the econometric model improves short-term forecasts. The key assumption is that qualitative data reflects rational expectations, hence it broadens the category of a business entity to a substantial extent. Microeconomic decisions, which automatically absorb any events, decisions, and other phenomena in tlie economic eiwironment, are expressed in time series derived from business survey data. Therefore, we can assume that business survey data combined with econometric instruments will have a certain added value, particularly if selected quantitative and qualitative variabies are merged. This should make macroeconomic diagnosis and forecasting both quicker and better. The purpose of the empirical research is the evaluation of the predictive capabilities of the qualitative business survey data. The data set comprises time series of 15 yariables from monthly business surveys and 21 time series of macroeconomic indicators published by the Central Statistical Office for the period 1995Q1 to 2005Q4. The applied econometric procedures shed light on the significant causal relations between qualitative and quantitative variables. Presented economic procedurę is an essential preliminary condition for improvement of efficiency for forecasting of the main macroeconomic variables.

Research paper thumbnail of Bariery działalności przedsiębiorstw w latach 1992-1998

Research paper thumbnail of Polska i Hiszpania na ścieżce konwergencji. Aspekty sektorowe

Research paper thumbnail of Zastosowanie badań koniunktury do oceny konkurencyjności przedsiębiorstw

Research paper thumbnail of Problemy liczenia usług w gospodarce narodowej

Research paper thumbnail of Funkcjonowanie drobnej wytwórczości w warunkach zasobowych i społecznych ograniczeń

Research paper thumbnail of Fluctuations in Economic Activity of Polish Manufacturing in the Period of 1992-2004

Research paper thumbnail of Kryteria wyróżniania oraz problemy ocen statystyczno-ekonomicznych małych i średnich przedsiębiorstw w Polsce w okresie transformacji

Research paper thumbnail of Economic Situation Test Diagnostic Values Under the Conditions of Transformation and Globalisation

Research paper thumbnail of Zmiany barier działalności w ocenach małych, średnich i dużych przedsiębiorstw w kontekście wahań koniunkturalnych - ujęcie sektorowe

Research paper thumbnail of Modelling Employment in Poland : a Quantitative vs Qualitative Approach

Research paper thumbnail of Uwarunkowania i możliwości dekompozycji sektora MŚP

Research paper thumbnail of Regional Income Differences and their Evolution after EU Accession. The Evidence from Visegrad Countries

Journal of Competitiveness, 2018

The aim of this paper is to determine the regional convergence process in Visegrad (V4) economies... more The aim of this paper is to determine the regional convergence process in Visegrad (V4) economies after their accession to the EU at the NUTS3 level. The study uses kernel density estimation for 114 regions in V4 countries. The research period covered the years 2004-2015. The results show that all V4 economies except for Hungary reduced the distance to the EU-28 average over the period considered. The external convergence process was accompanied by an increase in income inequalities at the regional level. In all the countries, the estimated distributions of regional income were bimodal, with the clearly marked second mode related to the capital region. The obtained research results should be an indication of economic decisions in the context of regional (also known as cohesion) policy and economic competitiveness. This paper contributes to the existing literature in three ways. First, the study was conducted at the NUTS3 level, which is currently the lowest possible level of disaggregation. Second, the analysis covered both the period before and after the global financial crisis. Third, the results of the internal convergence study are not biased by the method used, as this method has already been tested in previous research for a group of large European economies.

Research paper thumbnail of Business tendency survey data. Where do the respondents’ opinions come from

Economics and Business Review, 2015

Product market cooperation under e cient bargaining with di erent disagreement points: a result D... more Product market cooperation under e cient bargaining with di erent disagreement points: a result Domenico Buccella Banks, non-bank companies and stock exchange: do we know the relationship?

Research paper thumbnail of The Efficiency of Economic Growth for Sustainable Development—A Grey System Theory Approach in the Eurozone and Other European Countries

Sustainability, Feb 23, 2024

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY

Research paper thumbnail of The evaluation of grey relative incidence

Grey systems, Dec 18, 2023

Purpose-With the use of the grey incidence analysis (GIA), indicators such as the absolute degree... more Purpose-With the use of the grey incidence analysis (GIA), indicators such as the absolute degree of grey incidence (ε ij), relative degree of grey incidence (r ij) or synthetic degree of grey incidence (ρ ij) are calculated. However, it seems that some assumptions made to calculate them are arguable, which may also have a material impact on the reliability of test results. In this paper, the authors analyse one of the indicators of the GIA, namely the relative degree of grey incidence. The aim of the article was to verify the hypothesis: in determining the relative degree of grey incidence, the method of standardisation of elements in a series significantly affects the test results. Design/methodology/approach-To achieve the purpose of the article, the authors used the numerical simulation method and the logical analysis method (in order to draw conclusions from our tests). Findings-It turned out that the applied method of standardising elements in series when calculating the relative degree of grey incidence significantly affects the test results. Moreover, the manner of standardisation used in the original method (which involves dividing all elements by the first element) is not the best. Much more reliable results are obtained by a standardisation that involves dividing all elements by their arithmetic mean. Research limitations/implications-Limitations of the conducted evaluation involve in particular the limited scope of inference. This is since the obtained results referred to only one of the indicators classified into the GIA. Originality/value-In this article, the authors have evaluated the model of GIA in which the relative degree of grey incidence is determined. As a result of the research, the authors have proposed a recommendation regarding a change in the method of standardising variables, which will contribute to obtaining more reliable results in relational tests using the grey system theory.

Research paper thumbnail of Impacto de la crisis mundial en el empleo y la productividad de las PYMES : el caso de las grandes economías europeas

Revista De Economia Mundial, 2013

impacto dE la criSiS mundial En El EmplEo y la productividad dE laS pymES: El caSo dE laS grandES... more impacto dE la criSiS mundial En El EmplEo y la productividad dE laS pymES: El caSo dE laS grandES EconomíaS EuropEaS impacto dE la criSiS mundial En El EmplEo y la productividad dE laS pymES: El caSo dE laS grandES EconomíaS EuropEaS impaCt of the World Crisis on the employment and produCtivity of smes: the Case of the largest european eConomies

Research paper thumbnail of Społeczno-ekonomiczne uwarunkowania rozwoju usług w gospodarce narodowej

Research paper thumbnail of Wpływ usług na powstanie i zagospodarowanie czasu wolnego

Research paper thumbnail of Stabilność sektora małych i średnich przedsiębiorstw w wybranych gospodarkach europejskich

Research paper thumbnail of Using Business Tendency Surveys for Short-term Forecasting of Macro-categories : an Econometric Approach

The problem stated in this paper is whether the incorporation of qualitative data into the econom... more The problem stated in this paper is whether the incorporation of qualitative data into the econometric model improves short-term forecasts. The key assumption is that qualitative data reflects rational expectations, hence it broadens the category of a business entity to a substantial extent. Microeconomic decisions, which automatically absorb any events, decisions, and other phenomena in tlie economic eiwironment, are expressed in time series derived from business survey data. Therefore, we can assume that business survey data combined with econometric instruments will have a certain added value, particularly if selected quantitative and qualitative variabies are merged. This should make macroeconomic diagnosis and forecasting both quicker and better. The purpose of the empirical research is the evaluation of the predictive capabilities of the qualitative business survey data. The data set comprises time series of 15 yariables from monthly business surveys and 21 time series of macroeconomic indicators published by the Central Statistical Office for the period 1995Q1 to 2005Q4. The applied econometric procedures shed light on the significant causal relations between qualitative and quantitative variables. Presented economic procedurę is an essential preliminary condition for improvement of efficiency for forecasting of the main macroeconomic variables.

Research paper thumbnail of Bariery działalności przedsiębiorstw w latach 1992-1998

Research paper thumbnail of Polska i Hiszpania na ścieżce konwergencji. Aspekty sektorowe

Research paper thumbnail of Zastosowanie badań koniunktury do oceny konkurencyjności przedsiębiorstw

Research paper thumbnail of Problemy liczenia usług w gospodarce narodowej

Research paper thumbnail of Funkcjonowanie drobnej wytwórczości w warunkach zasobowych i społecznych ograniczeń

Research paper thumbnail of Fluctuations in Economic Activity of Polish Manufacturing in the Period of 1992-2004

Research paper thumbnail of Kryteria wyróżniania oraz problemy ocen statystyczno-ekonomicznych małych i średnich przedsiębiorstw w Polsce w okresie transformacji

Research paper thumbnail of Economic Situation Test Diagnostic Values Under the Conditions of Transformation and Globalisation

Research paper thumbnail of Zmiany barier działalności w ocenach małych, średnich i dużych przedsiębiorstw w kontekście wahań koniunkturalnych - ujęcie sektorowe

Research paper thumbnail of Modelling Employment in Poland : a Quantitative vs Qualitative Approach

Research paper thumbnail of Uwarunkowania i możliwości dekompozycji sektora MŚP

Research paper thumbnail of Regional Income Differences and their Evolution after EU Accession. The Evidence from Visegrad Countries

Journal of Competitiveness, 2018

The aim of this paper is to determine the regional convergence process in Visegrad (V4) economies... more The aim of this paper is to determine the regional convergence process in Visegrad (V4) economies after their accession to the EU at the NUTS3 level. The study uses kernel density estimation for 114 regions in V4 countries. The research period covered the years 2004-2015. The results show that all V4 economies except for Hungary reduced the distance to the EU-28 average over the period considered. The external convergence process was accompanied by an increase in income inequalities at the regional level. In all the countries, the estimated distributions of regional income were bimodal, with the clearly marked second mode related to the capital region. The obtained research results should be an indication of economic decisions in the context of regional (also known as cohesion) policy and economic competitiveness. This paper contributes to the existing literature in three ways. First, the study was conducted at the NUTS3 level, which is currently the lowest possible level of disaggregation. Second, the analysis covered both the period before and after the global financial crisis. Third, the results of the internal convergence study are not biased by the method used, as this method has already been tested in previous research for a group of large European economies.

Research paper thumbnail of Business tendency survey data. Where do the respondents’ opinions come from

Economics and Business Review, 2015

Product market cooperation under e cient bargaining with di erent disagreement points: a result D... more Product market cooperation under e cient bargaining with di erent disagreement points: a result Domenico Buccella Banks, non-bank companies and stock exchange: do we know the relationship?