Madhu thapliyal - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Madhu thapliyal
The entire Himalayan region is well know aspect of biodiversity. The Uttarakhand biodiversity bec... more The entire Himalayan region is well know aspect of biodiversity. The Uttarakhand biodiversity because it has many fresh wa bodies harbor diverse aquatic fauna with by many authors in Uttarakhand. Many difficult to identify. Attempts have been to major rivers i.e. the Ganges and the Ya many supporting streams and small tribu scan " for fish species has ever been condu Barcode) for entire fish species fauna in & DNA bar-coding data will provide an taxonomic and biodiversity research. The Uttarakhand based upon the bar coding scan " of River Song (a tributary of river stretch of river and analyzed. Data was suggests that the genetic variability (K2P intraspecific variation using K2P and N 1.45% for 32% of species. Mean K2P respectively. Our results suggest that Ri Barillius species suggests that this species scanned new data on endemic and exotic
River Ganges is one of most important river of India that originates in Uttarakhand and has sever... more River Ganges is one of most important river of India that originates in Uttarakhand and has several tributaries. Natural resources of this river system are being harnessed indiscriminately including development of Hydroelectric Power Projects (HEPs). To increase power output from HEPs water is routed into the tunnels for turbines and because of this the main river channel after dam wall witnesses' huge fluctuations in water levels. We compared changes in physico-chemical parameters of water, before and after dam wall, at two HEPs sites-ManeriBhali Phase I and Phase II located in district Uttarkashi. All parameters measured showed significant changes in water quality parameters at both the sites after dam wall. Maximum values of Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD, 5 day), after the dam wall, at both the study sites have crossed 4.62±0.01 mg l-1 , which is alarming. Dissolved Oxygen (DO) was within prescribed limits but maximum DO before the dam wall was 13.4±0.03 mg l-1 while maximum DO observed after the dam wall was 9.53±0.03 mg l-1. Maximum water temperature changed from 17 0 C before dam wall to 19 0 C after dam wall while minimum values of 5 0 C before wall changed to 7 0 C after dam wall.Principle Component Analysis (PCA) also clearly shows that critical factors before and after dam wall vary and at Meneri Bhali Phase I and a clear pattern of changes have been established. Our observations suggest that river discharge after dam wall into the main channel needs to be regulated more stringently to avoid ecological catastrophe.
Mountains of Himalaya, with unique topology and geographical regions, are hotspots of biodiversit... more Mountains of Himalaya, with unique topology and geographical regions, are hotspots of biodiversity. Their flora and fauna have been investigated for abundance in species composition and interactions. One of the most important driving forces of ecosystem differentiation is altitudinal gradients that results in changes in species composition. Sometimes, an introduced species can also have a major impact on endemic species if the introduced species can survive in entire altitudinal gradient zone. Our study focuses on this aspect and defines the pattern of altitudinal variation and distribution of Salmo trutta (Brown trout) and native Schizothorax sp. (Snow trout) in river Asiganga (a tributary of Ganges) that originates from Dodital (4400 m). We analyzed population dynamics of both species along altitudinal gradients (2200m to 1100m approximately). The physicochemical parameters of water showed significant variation along the altitudinal gradient. Our study suggests that the population groups of Brown trout are establishing in the lower altitudinal regions of the river Asiganga, and even into the river Ganges, due to their ability to survive in wider range of temperature and availability of food. Usually it is believed that species inhabiting higher elevations are superior competitors at lower temperature while species inhabiting lower altitude are better competitors at warmer temperature. Our study suggests that although altitudinal variations are powerful for species distribution but prey-predator effect and availability of preferred food is also pro-lasting and can have a wider role in distribution of predator fish species.
We explored fish fauna Ganga and Yamuna river in Uttarkashi district of Uttarakhand, to establish... more We explored fish fauna Ganga and Yamuna river in Uttarkashi district of Uttarakhand, to establish the molecular taxonomy database. A total of 133 samples were collected from various sampling sites along the entire stretch of rivers in district Uttarkashi. A region of cytochrome c-oxidase unit I (COI) gene (655 bp) was amplified using PCR and sequenced (DNA Barcoded). All the sequences have been uploaded into the NCBI GenBank (accession number assigned). Analysis of data generated showed that these 133 samples belonged to 22 species of 4 orders, 14 genera and 8 families. The genetic variability (K2P distance) distribution analysis was also carried out. The average mean distance of 22 species is 0.219 with 0.014 standard error. The mean genetic distance between 22 species ranged from 0.010%-0.362% while the mean genetic distance within the species ranged from 0.0006%-0.0048%. The lowest pairwise genetic distance observed in Schizothorax sinuatus and Schizothorax progastus i.e. 0.010% with 0.003 standard error indicating a closer phylogenetic relationship between Schizothorax sinuatus and Schizothorax progastus than other species which was confirmed by the genetic distance data. Maximum divergence were observed between Danio devario and Channa gachua i.e. 0.362% with 0.028 standard error. The maximum sequence divergence within the species is observed in Barilius bendelisis with 0.0048% while minimum sequence divergence is observed in Tor putitora with 0.0006 of cyprinidae family. Our data suggests that there is high inter-specific sequence divergence as compared to intra-specific sequence divergence and also conclude that COI sequencing (barcoding) was found to be suitable for the identification of fresh water fish species.
The entire Himalayan region is well know aspect of biodiversity. The Uttarakhand biodiversity bec... more The entire Himalayan region is well know aspect of biodiversity. The Uttarakhand biodiversity because it has many fresh wa bodies harbor diverse aquatic fauna with by many authors in Uttarakhand. Many difficult to identify. Attempts have been to major rivers i.e. the Ganges and the Ya many supporting streams and small tribu scan " for fish species has ever been condu Barcode) for entire fish species fauna in & DNA bar-coding data will provide an taxonomic and biodiversity research. The Uttarakhand based upon the bar coding scan " of River Song (a tributary of river stretch of river and analyzed. Data was suggests that the genetic variability (K2P intraspecific variation using K2P and N 1.45% for 32% of species. Mean K2P respectively. Our results suggest that Ri Barillius species suggests that this species scanned new data on endemic and exotic
River Ganges is one of most important river of India that originates in Uttarakhand and has sever... more River Ganges is one of most important river of India that originates in Uttarakhand and has several tributaries. Natural resources of this river system are being harnessed indiscriminately including development of Hydroelectric Power Projects (HEPs). To increase power output from HEPs water is routed into the tunnels for turbines and because of this the main river channel after dam wall witnesses' huge fluctuations in water levels. We compared changes in physico-chemical parameters of water, before and after dam wall, at two HEPs sites-ManeriBhali Phase I and Phase II located in district Uttarkashi. All parameters measured showed significant changes in water quality parameters at both the sites after dam wall. Maximum values of Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD, 5 day), after the dam wall, at both the study sites have crossed 4.62±0.01 mg l-1 , which is alarming. Dissolved Oxygen (DO) was within prescribed limits but maximum DO before the dam wall was 13.4±0.03 mg l-1 while maximum DO observed after the dam wall was 9.53±0.03 mg l-1. Maximum water temperature changed from 17 0 C before dam wall to 19 0 C after dam wall while minimum values of 5 0 C before wall changed to 7 0 C after dam wall.Principle Component Analysis (PCA) also clearly shows that critical factors before and after dam wall vary and at Meneri Bhali Phase I and a clear pattern of changes have been established. Our observations suggest that river discharge after dam wall into the main channel needs to be regulated more stringently to avoid ecological catastrophe.
Mountains of Himalaya, with unique topology and geographical regions, are hotspots of biodiversit... more Mountains of Himalaya, with unique topology and geographical regions, are hotspots of biodiversity. Their flora and fauna have been investigated for abundance in species composition and interactions. One of the most important driving forces of ecosystem differentiation is altitudinal gradients that results in changes in species composition. Sometimes, an introduced species can also have a major impact on endemic species if the introduced species can survive in entire altitudinal gradient zone. Our study focuses on this aspect and defines the pattern of altitudinal variation and distribution of Salmo trutta (Brown trout) and native Schizothorax sp. (Snow trout) in river Asiganga (a tributary of Ganges) that originates from Dodital (4400 m). We analyzed population dynamics of both species along altitudinal gradients (2200m to 1100m approximately). The physicochemical parameters of water showed significant variation along the altitudinal gradient. Our study suggests that the population groups of Brown trout are establishing in the lower altitudinal regions of the river Asiganga, and even into the river Ganges, due to their ability to survive in wider range of temperature and availability of food. Usually it is believed that species inhabiting higher elevations are superior competitors at lower temperature while species inhabiting lower altitude are better competitors at warmer temperature. Our study suggests that although altitudinal variations are powerful for species distribution but prey-predator effect and availability of preferred food is also pro-lasting and can have a wider role in distribution of predator fish species.
We explored fish fauna Ganga and Yamuna river in Uttarkashi district of Uttarakhand, to establish... more We explored fish fauna Ganga and Yamuna river in Uttarkashi district of Uttarakhand, to establish the molecular taxonomy database. A total of 133 samples were collected from various sampling sites along the entire stretch of rivers in district Uttarkashi. A region of cytochrome c-oxidase unit I (COI) gene (655 bp) was amplified using PCR and sequenced (DNA Barcoded). All the sequences have been uploaded into the NCBI GenBank (accession number assigned). Analysis of data generated showed that these 133 samples belonged to 22 species of 4 orders, 14 genera and 8 families. The genetic variability (K2P distance) distribution analysis was also carried out. The average mean distance of 22 species is 0.219 with 0.014 standard error. The mean genetic distance between 22 species ranged from 0.010%-0.362% while the mean genetic distance within the species ranged from 0.0006%-0.0048%. The lowest pairwise genetic distance observed in Schizothorax sinuatus and Schizothorax progastus i.e. 0.010% with 0.003 standard error indicating a closer phylogenetic relationship between Schizothorax sinuatus and Schizothorax progastus than other species which was confirmed by the genetic distance data. Maximum divergence were observed between Danio devario and Channa gachua i.e. 0.362% with 0.028 standard error. The maximum sequence divergence within the species is observed in Barilius bendelisis with 0.0048% while minimum sequence divergence is observed in Tor putitora with 0.0006 of cyprinidae family. Our data suggests that there is high inter-specific sequence divergence as compared to intra-specific sequence divergence and also conclude that COI sequencing (barcoding) was found to be suitable for the identification of fresh water fish species.