Mahmoud Abo-El-Saad - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Mahmoud Abo-El-Saad

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2005

: Mitochondria are the powerhouse of the cell. Their primary physiological function is to generat... more : Mitochondria are the powerhouse of the cell. Their primary physiological function is to generate ATP through oxidative phosphorylation via the electron transport chain. Reactive oxygen radicals generated from mitochondria have been implicated in acute brain injuries, like stroke and neurodegeneration. Recent studies have shown that mitochondrially formed oxidants are mediators of molecular signaling and have implicated mitochondria‐dependent apoptosis involving pro‐ and antiapoptotic protein binding, the release of cytochrome c and Smac, the activation of downstream caspase‐9 and ‐3, and the fragmentation of DNA. Oxidative stress and the redox state are also implicated in the survival signaling pathway that involves phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase (PI3‐K)/Akt and downstream signaling molecular bindings like Bad/Bcl‐XL and phosphorylated Bad/14‐3‐3. Genetically modified mice (SOD1, SOD2) or rats that overexpress or are deficient in superoxide dismutase have provided strong evidence in support of the role of mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress as determinants of neuronal death/survival after stroke and neurodegeneration.

Journal of Cellular Neuroscience and Oxidative Stress

The present study evaluated the adverse effects of three widely used insecticides in the Egyptian... more The present study evaluated the adverse effects of three widely used insecticides in the Egyptian environment on mitochondrial bioenergetic and oxidative stress biomarkers in the rat kidney. Chlorpyrifos, cypermethrin, and imidacloprid were orally administrated to male albino rats at 1/50 of the LD50 for 28 days by 5 doses /week. The insecticides caused a significant in vivo decrease in the activities of mitochondrial bioenergetic biomarkers; NADH dehydrogenase, adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) and mitochondrial oxidative stress biomarkers; superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione S- transferase (GST) while the malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein carbonyl contents (PCC) were significantly increased. Further, chromatography analysis demonstrated that 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OH-2DG) increased considerably in rat urine as a DNA damage biomarker. The kidney deficiency was confirmed by histological examination and in silico simulation analysis (Molecular docking and absorpti...

Scientific Research and Essays, 2013

The red palm weevil (RPW) Rhynchophorus ferruginous (Olivier) was fully developed and reared on... more The red palm weevil (RPW) Rhynchophorus ferruginous (Olivier) was fully developed and reared on a meridic diet consisting of agar, distilled water, commercial yeast as well as laboratory produced amino and fatty acid rich brewer’s yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), wheat meal, corn flour, benzoic acid, ascorbic acid, sorbic acid, vitamin mix and tetracycline hydrochloride. A group of weevils reared on date palm trunk under the same laboratory conditions was used as control. Diet reared female weevils laid fertile eggs which successfully hatched into healthy larvae in 3.6 days. Between the first and last (eighth) larval instars there was a 2311 fold increase in the larval body biomass before pupation. Linear regression analysis involving log of head capsule width of each instar and instar number resulted in a straight line (R2= 0.978) indicating that Dyar's rule is applicable in the case of RPW. Larval development was completed in 43 to 47 days while the pupa reached the adult ...

The red palm weevil (RPW), Rhynchophorus ferrugineus, is one of the most devastating and invasive... more The red palm weevil (RPW), Rhynchophorus ferrugineus, is one of the most devastating and invasive insect pests causing immense damage on date palms across the world. Natural insecticide Abamectin (ABM) has been evaluated against developmental stages of RPW under laboratory conditions. Insects were exposed to residual film of the insecticide on transparent cups using a Potter precision laboratory spray tower. Mortality of males, females, neonate larvae, larvae, eggs and pupae was recorded at different time intervals after treatment. Bioassay test showed that ABM at 600 ppm (μg/ml) caused 60% mortality against females and males after 24 h. By increasing the concentration to 1000 ppm, the mortality reached 100% for adults. The LC50-values calculated for females and males were 582.9 and 502.1 ppm and that of LC95 was 1226.9 and 967.2 ppm, respectively. Neonate larvae exhibited more sensitivity toward ABM, where 200 and 500 ppm caused 80 and 100% mortality at 24 h after treatment with LC...

Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, 2021

The testicular deficiency associated with exposure to three widely used insecticides in Egyptian ... more The testicular deficiency associated with exposure to three widely used insecticides in Egyptian agriculture was evaluated. Animals were orally treated with sub-lethal dose (1/50 of the oral LD50) of cypermethrin (CYP), imidacloprid (IMC), and chlorpyrifos (CPF) at 5, 9 and 1.9 mg/kg/day, respectively, five times a week for one month. The CYP, IMC, and CPF exposure resulted in a significant decline in animal body weight, sperm count, motility, normality, and viability with increased head and tail deformities. Significant reduction in serum testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), testis superoxide dismutase (SOD), and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels. In contrast, catalase (CAT), lipid peroxidation (LPO), and protein carbonyl content (PCC) levels were significantly stimulated. Jointly, obtained results were confirmed by microscopic examination of testis sections. The present data concluded that the CYP, IMC, and CPF have a public health impact and violently interferes with male rat reproductive system.

International Journal of Agriculture and Biology

Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology

The red palm weevil (RPW) Rhynchophorus ferrugineus is one of the most invasive insect pests caus... more The red palm weevil (RPW) Rhynchophorus ferrugineus is one of the most invasive insect pests causing massive damage on date palms over the world. Synthetic pyrethroid insecticide beta-cyfluthrin has been evaluated against developmental stages of RPW under laboratory conditions. These stages were exposed to residual film of the insecticide on transparent cups using a Potter precision laboratory spray tower. Percent mortality of males and females was recorded 0.5, 2.0 and 24 h after treatment. Furthermore, date palm offshoots were infested in mesh house, two months later, offshoots treated with 300 ppm (µg/ml) beta-cyfluthrin using two methods dipping and injection. Bioassay test showed beta-cyfluthrin at 300 ppm caused 86.7% and 93.3% mortality against males and females after 2 h respectively with LC50 135.74 and 109.4 ppm. By increasing the concentration at 400 ppm, mortality reached 100% against males and females after 24 h. Developmental stages, eggs and larvae were more sensitive...

Biotechnology and Applied Biochemistry

1,1-bis-(p-Chlorophenyl)-2,2,2-trichloroethane (DDT) inhibited the ATP hydrolytic activity of the... more 1,1-bis-(p-Chlorophenyl)-2,2,2-trichloroethane (DDT) inhibited the ATP hydrolytic activity of the ATP synthase from a DDT-susceptible insect (Apis mellifera) as well as a DDT-tolerant insect (Spodoptera littoralis), and from rat liver and bovine heart in a parallel way to its insecticidal properties and selectivity of action. Inhibition of the ATPase activity of these preparations by DDT was parallel to the poisoning of the source organism with DDT. Furthermore, both the inhibition and poisoning of insects were affected similarly by temperature. Inhibition of the insect enzyme activity by DDT was specific and differed from that by oligomycin or N,N-dicyclohexylcarbodi-imide (DCCD). PAGE analysis of the various preparations of the enzyme showed that the inhibition of the enzyme activity by DDT was associated with the presence of a selective protein band with an apparent molecular mass of 23 kDa. This protein band exists in the preparations from the DDT-susceptible insects but was abs...

Journal of Plant Protection Research, 2011

In Al-Hassa, Saudi Arabia, the red palm weevil (RPW) Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier) is manag... more In Al-Hassa, Saudi Arabia, the red palm weevil (RPW) Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier) is managed through the use of a pheromone trap based area-wide Integrated Pest Management (IPM) programme, covering nearly 3.0 million date palms. In this study, Geographic Information System (GIS) based techniques were used to study the spatial spread of RPW in two RPW-IPM areas of Al-Hassa viz. Al-Khadoud (297 ha) and Sodah (168 ha) with high and low weevil activity, respectively. The position of RPW pheromone traps in both Al-Khadoud (140 traps) and Sodah (84 traps) were logged using the Trimble Geographic Positioning System (GPS), to determine the East Longitude and North Latitude of each pheromone trap. The Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) coordinates for each trap were also recorded. The weevil captures in pheromone traps, and the infestation reports for 2008 in the above operational areas were reported, Based on the reports, the territorial spread of the weevils and spatial distribution of infestations due to RPW on date palm, was depicted for both Al-Khadoud and Sodah at five levels. Further, regression analysis was carried out to ascertain the relationship between annual weevil captures (Y) in pheromone traps and infestation (X) reports for 2008, on a 10 ha scale, in Al-Khadoud and Sodah, through linear regression. Based on high R² values (> 0.70), we selected Y = 121.0+4.515X as the model that could quantify the above pest-infestation relationship in Al-Hassa. This study can serve as a basis for incorporating GIS technology for improving the on going RPW management strategy, in Al-Hassa, Saudi Arabia.

Outlooks on Pest Management, 2009

... (2002). Diseases and pests of date palm (Chapter XII). In: Date palm cultivation. A. Zaid (Ed... more ... (2002). Diseases and pests of date palm (Chapter XII). In: Date palm cultivation. A. Zaid (Ed.). ... THETHREAT OF RED PALM WEEVIL Dr.Alaa MR Elsabea is a Agricultural Economist at the Date Palm Research Centre, (Center of Excellence), King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia. ...

Agriculture and Biology Journal of North America, 2011

Nature Biotechnology, 1996

We introduced the potato proteinase inhibitor II (PINII) gene (pin2) into several Japonica rice v... more We introduced the potato proteinase inhibitor II (PINII) gene (pin2) into several Japonica rice varieties, and regenerated a large number of transgenic rice plants. Wound-inducible expression of the pin2 gene driven by its own promoter, together with the first intron of the rice actin 1 gene (act1), resulted in high-level accumulation of the PINII protein in the transgenic plants. The introduced pin2 gene was stably inherited in the second, third, and fourth generations, as shown by molecular analyses. Based on data from the molecular analyses, several homozygous transgenic lines were obtained. Bioassay for insect resistance with the fifth-generation transgenic rice plants showed that transgenic rice plants had increased resistance to a major rice insect pest, pink stem borer (Sesamia inferens). Thus, introduction of an insecticidal proteinase inhibitor gene into cereal plants can be used as a general strategy for control of insect pests.

Journal of Applied Sciences, 2006

International Journal of Tropical Insect Science, 2011

Mass trapping of red palm weevil Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier) using food-baited pheromone ... more Mass trapping of red palm weevil Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier) using food-baited pheromone (ferrugineol) traps is a key component of the integrated pest management strategy adopted to combat this pest in date Phoenix dactylifera L. plantations of Saudi Arabia and other Middle Eastern countries. The present study aimed at ascertaining the density at which pheromone traps should be set in the field to mass trap adult R. ferrugineus. Our findings indicate that in plantations with low weevil activity and , 1% infested palms, a trap density of 1 trap/ha is sufficient. In plantations where infestation levels are. 1%, 10 traps/ha recorded the best weevil captures. However, in area-wide mass trapping programmes, the pest could be effectively mass trapped at 4-7 traps/ha depending on the resources available.

Crop Protection, 2010

... Rhizobial strains were tested for their sensitivity/resistance to technical grade fipronil (a... more ... Rhizobial strains were tested for their sensitivity/resistance to technical grade fipronil (ai 98%;Parijat Agrochemicals, New Delhi, India) and pyriproxyfen (ai 98%; Parijat Agrochemicals, New Delhi, India) by an agar plate dilution method using minimal salt agar medium (g L −1 ...