Mahmoud Djalali - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Mahmoud Djalali

Research paper thumbnail of Relationship between Visceral Adiposity and Plasma Adiponectin Concentration: Effect of Weight Loss

Background: Adiponectin is an anti-inflammatory and antiatherogenic protein that has a protective... more Background: Adiponectin is an anti-inflammatory and antiatherogenic protein that has a protective effect against athero- sclerosis and diabetes. It is exclusively secreted by adipose tissue. Serum adiponectin levels are inversely associated with parameters of overall adiposity including body mass index (BMI), fat mass, and percentage of body fat. Methods: In a cross-sectional study of 76 women we sought to evaluate if adiponectin is associated primarily with central adiposity rather than overall adiposity. We also assessed adiponectin changes after weight loss in a subgroup of 42 obese subjects. Results: Waist to hip ratio (WHR), an index of central obesity, was the only variable independently associated to adi- ponectin (Beta= 0.25, P< 0.05). A mean increase of 8.2±24.2% in adiponectin concentration was observed in response to the dietary restriction and weight loss (P= 0.03). Our findings provide evidence for association of serum adiponectin level with visceral fat, represented...

Research paper thumbnail of In vitro and in vivo evidences that the malabsorption of cobalamin is related to its binding on haptocorrin (R binder) in chronic pancreatitis1

The intraluminal transport of cobalamin (Cbl) remains controversial in chronic pancreatitis. We h... more The intraluminal transport of cobalamin (Cbl) remains controversial in chronic pancreatitis. We have determined the ability ofintestinal juice to degrade the digestive holohaptocorrin (R binder) and the binding of endogenous Cbl in basal intestinal juice from 22 chronic pancreatitis patients and 22 controls. The intestinal juice from patients and controls degraded 34.7 ± 32.3% and 95.2 ± 7.2% of holophatocorrin,

Research paper thumbnail of Association between Iron Status and Lipid Peroxidation in Obese and Non-Obese Women

Background: Obesity is associated with increased lipid peroxidation. It has also been suggested t... more Background: Obesity is associated with increased lipid peroxidation. It has also been suggested that risk of lipid peroxida- tion increases with increasing body iron stores. The aim of this study was to examine the association of body iron status with the concentration of plasma malondialdehyde (P-MDA) as a marker of lipid peroxidation in obese and non-obese women. Methods: In a

Research paper thumbnail of Effects of probiotics on biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammatory factors in petrochemical workers: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

International Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2015

The aim of the current study was to determine effects of probiotic yoghurt and multispecies probi... more The aim of the current study was to determine effects of probiotic yoghurt and multispecies probiotic capsule supplementation on biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammatory factors in petrochemical workers. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was done among petrochemical workers. Subjects were randomly divided into three groups to receive 100 g/day probiotic yogurt (n = 12) or one probiotic capsule daily (n = 13) or 100 g/day conventional yogurt (n = 10) for 6 weeks. The probiotic yoghurt was containing two strains of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium lactis with a total of min 1 × 10(7) CFU. Multispecies probiotic capsule contains seven probiotic bacteria spices Actobacillus casei 3 × 10(3), L. acidophilus 3 × 10(7), Lactobacillus rhamnosus 7 × 10(9), Lactobacillus bulgaricus 5 × 10(8), Bifidobacterium breve 2 × 10(10), Bifidobacterium longum 1 × 10(9) and Streptococcus thermophilus 3 × 10(8) CFU/g. Fasting blood samples were obtained at the beginning and end of the trial to quantify biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammatory factors. Although a significant within-group decrease in plasma protein carbonyl levels was seen in the probiotic capsule group (326.0 ± 308.9 vs. 251.0 ± 176.3 ng/mL, P = 0.02), the changes were similar among the three groups. In addition, significant within-group decreases in plasma iso prostaglandin were observed in the probiotic supplements group (111.9 ± 85.4 vs. 88.0 ± 71.0 pg/mL, P = 0.003) and in the probiotic yogurt group (116.3 ± 93.0 vs. 92.0 ± 66.0 pg/mL, P = 0.02), nevertheless there were no significant change among the three groups. Taken together, consumption of probiotic yogurt or multispecies probiotic capsule had beneficial effects on biomarkers of oxidative stress in petrochemical workers.

Research paper thumbnail of APOA II genotypes frequency and their interaction with saturated fatty acids consumption on lipid profile of patients with type 2 diabetes

Clinical Nutrition, 2015

Several studies have suggested that APOA II-265T/C polymorphism affect lipid profile. The aim of ... more Several studies have suggested that APOA II-265T/C polymorphism affect lipid profile. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of -265T/C APOA II polymorphism and saturated fatty acids (SFA) intake interaction on lipid profile in diabetic population who are at risk for lipid disorders. In this cross sectional study, 697 type 2 diabetic patients participated. Food consumption data were collected using validated semi-quantitative FFQ during the last year. Realtime-PCR was used to determine APOA II-265T/C genotypes. The interaction between the genotypes and SFA intake with lipid profile was tested using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). According to APOA II-265T/C (rs5082) genotype distribution results, CC genotype with a frequency of 12.9% and TC with that of 47.7% showed the lowest and highest frequency in our population, respectively. CC genotype subjects had significantly lower total cholesterol, triglyceride, Cholesterol/HDL-c ratio and non-HDL cholesterol than T allele carriers (p = 0.009, p = 0.02, p = 0.02 and p = 0.002, respectively). The interaction between genotype and SFA intake contributed to significant higher levels of LDL-c and LDL/HDL in CCs (p = 0.05 and p = 0.01), suggesting vulnerability of these individuals to high intake of SFA in the diet. APOA II polymorphism may influence the saturated fatty acid intake required to prevent dyslipidemia in the type 2 diabetic population.

Research paper thumbnail of The Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on Glucose Control and Insulin Resistance in Patients with Diabetes Type 2: A Randomized Clinical Trial Study

Iranian journal of public health, 2014

Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent in diabetes type 2 and this vitamin may be related to insulin a... more Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent in diabetes type 2 and this vitamin may be related to insulin action. This randomized controlled trial study was done to evaluate the effect of vitamin D supplementation on glucose control and insulin resistance in patients with diabetes type 2. Participants of this randomized clinical trial study consisted of 28 patients with type 2 diabetes who received 100 microgram (4000 IU) vitamin D and 30 diabetic patients who received placebo for 2 months between September 2012 and February 2013. The effect of vitamin D on glucose control was assessed by measuring HbA1c and insulin resistance as HOMA-IR at the baseline and the end of the intervention. The results showed a significant decrease in HbA1c (from 7.29 ± 0.22 % to 6.76 ± 0.18 %, P<0.001) and insulin concentration (from 8.24 ± 0.97 μIU/mL to 6.55 ± 0.28 μIU/mL, P=0.048), but a non-significant decrease in HOMA-IR in vitamin D group. Also, HDL-C level increased significantly in both of vitamin D (P...

Research paper thumbnail of Association between ApoA-II -265T/C polymorphism and oxidative stress in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Journal of Diabetes and its Complications, 2015

Apolipoprotein A-II (ApoA-II) constitutes approximately 20% of the total HDL protein content. The... more Apolipoprotein A-II (ApoA-II) constitutes approximately 20% of the total HDL protein content. The results of various studies on the relationship between cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and the plasma ApoA-II level are contradictory. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between ApoA-II polymorphism and oxidative stress (OS) as a risk factor for CVD. The present comparative study was carried out on 180 obese and non-obese patients with type 2 diabetes, with equal numbers of CC, TC, and TT genotypes of ApoA-II -265T/C gene. The ApoA-II genotype was determined by the TaqMan assay method. The anthropometric measurements and serum levels of lipid profile, superoxide dismutase activity (SOD), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and 8-isoprostaneF2α were measured. After adjusting for confounding factors, in the total study population and in obese and non-obese groups, the subjects with CC genotype had a lower mean serum SOD activity (p=0.002, p=0.007 and p=0.005, respectively) and higher mean 8-isoprostaneF2α concentration (p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.001, p=0.003 and p=0.004, respectively) than the T-allele carriers. In the TT/TC group, the mean 8-isoprostanF2α concentration was significantly higher in the obese subjects than the non-obese subjects (p=0.009). In the CC group, no significant differences were found in the OS factors between obese and non-obese groups. The T allele in patients with type 2 diabetes is a protective factor against OS; obesity inhibits this protective effect. The results of this study represent the anti-atherogenic properties of ApoA-II. However, further studies are needed in this field.

Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of Vitamin D Status in Newly Diagnosed Pemphigus Vulgaris Patients

Iranian journal of public health, 2014

Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is an autoimmune blistering disorder of the skin or mucosa. Since low vit... more Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is an autoimmune blistering disorder of the skin or mucosa. Since low vitamin D status has been linked to many immune disorders, we designed this study to compare the vitamin D status in PV patients with healthy controls. In this case-control study, vitamin D status of 32 newly diagnosed PV patients was compared with 36 healthy control subjects. All patients were selected from the specialized dermatology departments of Razi Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences in a 2-year period (2009-2010). The severity of the disease was estimated according to Harman's scores. Serum concentration of 25(OH)D was measured by Roche Elecsys System. Data were analyzed by independent t-test. Both groups were similar based on sex, age and body mass index. The mean duration of disease was 5.57±0.93 months. The mean oral and skin severities were 1.81±0.20 and 2.31±0.17 respectively, based on Harman's scores. Serum 25(OH)D was significantly lower in PV patients com...

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of conjugated linoleic Acid, vitamin e, alone or combined on immunity and inflammatory parameters in adults with active rheumatoid arthritis: a randomized controlled trial

International journal of preventive medicine, 2014

Little information about the effects of conjugated linoleic acids (CLAs) on inflammation and immu... more Little information about the effects of conjugated linoleic acids (CLAs) on inflammation and immune function in humans is available. This study investigated the effects of CLAs, with and without Vitamin E on immunity and inflammatory parameters in adults with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In a double-blind clinical trial, 78 patients were randomly divided into four groups, each group receiving one of the following daily supplement for 3 months; group C: 2.5 g CLAs, group E: 400 mg Vitamin E, group CE: CLAs plus Vitamin E, group P: Placebo. Cytokines, matrix metalloproteinase 3 (MMP-3) and citrullinated antibody (CCP-A) were measured by ELISA method and Vitamin E by high-performance liquid chromatography. Consider statistical methods there were no significant differences between groups in cytokines interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-4, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), IL-1β, IL-2/IL-4, CCP-A white blood cells and neutrophils, lymphocyte, monocytes, and eosinophils numbers. TNF-α decreased ...

Research paper thumbnail of Isolation of alpha-lactalbumin, beta-lactoglobulin, and bovine serum albumin from cow's milk using gel filtration and anion-exchange chromatography including evaluation of their antigenicity

Protein expression and purification, 2003

The aim of this study was to introduce a simple, reproducible, and less expensive method for isol... more The aim of this study was to introduce a simple, reproducible, and less expensive method for isolation of alpha-lactalbumin, beta-lactoglobulin, and bovine serum albumin from cow's milk while retaining their antigenicity. Whey (lactoserum) was obtained by isolating casein from defatted milk using hydrochloric acid. Globulins were then precipitated from whey by half-saturated ammonium sulfate and beta-lactoglobulin was purified further using Sephadex G-50 gel filtration. The proteins in the supernatant were also fractionated using diethylaminoethyl cellulose chromatography in which beta-lactoglobulin was separated from alpha-lactalbumin and bovine serum albumin. The latter two proteins that co-eluted in anion-exchange chromatography were then gently isolated from each other by Sephadex G-50 gel filtration. Pure beta-lactoglobulin was also obtained by anion-exchange chromatography of the ammonium sulfate-precipitated globulins. Using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), West...

Research paper thumbnail of Relationship between blood donors' iron status and their age, body mass index and donation frequency

Sao Paulo Medical Journal, 2013

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Regular blood donation may decrease body iron storage and lead to anemia. ... more CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Regular blood donation may decrease body iron storage and lead to anemia. The aim here was to evaluate the iron status of Iranian male blood donors and the impact of age, body mass index (BMI) and donation frequency over one year, on iron status indices. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study at Tehran Blood Transfusion Center, Tehran, Iran. METHODS: Between July and September 2011, 117 male blood donors were selected and divided into four groups according to their frequency of blood donation. Thirty male non-donors were also recruited as controls after adjusting for age, weight, height, smoking habits and monthly income. Iron status indices and some criteria such as general health and dietary measurements were determined among all subjects. RESULTS: The values of the iron-related parameters were significantly lower among donors than among non-donors. Only total iron binding capacity (TIBC) was found to be significantly higher among different donor groups than in the controls. A significant positive correlation was observed between age and serum ferritin (SF) only among the donors who had donated once within the preceding year. The iron status indices did not show any significant relationship with BMI among donors or non-donors. CONCLUSION: A donation frequency of more than twice a year had a significant influence on iron-related parameters. Therefore, without annual measurement of these parameters, further phlebotomies may lead to iron deficiency and donor rejection in the future.

Research paper thumbnail of BODY IRON STORES AND OXIDATIVE STRESS MARKERS IN WOMEN OF REPRODUCTIVE AGE: IS IT RELATED TO ATHEROSCLEROSIS

BACKGROUND: Elevated body iron stores have been suggested to be a risk factor for cardiovas- cula... more BACKGROUND: Elevated body iron stores have been suggested to be a risk factor for cardiovas- cular disease (CVD). We examined whether elevated plasma ferritin concentrations as indicator of iron stores, affect the oxidative stress markers in a reproductive age women population. METHOD: One hundred sixty, 20-45-year-old women were randomly selected. We investigated body iron stores by measuring the concentrations of

Research paper thumbnail of Serum IgG levels to bovine insulin in type I diabetes mellitus

The Indian Journal of Pediatrics, 2003

This study was undertaken to determine humoral immune response to bovine insulin in Iranian child... more This study was undertaken to determine humoral immune response to bovine insulin in Iranian children with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Serum samples were taken from 93 children aged 4-17 years with type I diabetes mellitus from two centers in Iran (the Iranian Association of Diabetes in Tehran and Center for Diabetes Research in Hamedan), 17 apparently healthy siblings of the diabetic patients (related controls), 28 apparently healthy age- and sex- matched controls (unrelated controls), 14 patients aged 11-15 years with auto-immune thyroiditis, and 45 patients with type II diabetes (aged 44-68 years). Samples were then examined for specific IgG to bovine insulin by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A questionnaire on medical history, duration of exclusive and non-exclusive breast feeding and daily intake of dairy products was completed before bleeding. Duration of exclusive and non-exclusive breast-feeding showed no significant difference between patients with type I diabetes, related and unrelated controls and thyroid patients. Diabetic children, however, had significantly higher serum levels of anti-bovine insulin IgG than did unrelated and related healthy controls and patients with type II diabetes (P&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.01). There was no significant difference between healthy siblings of diabetic children and unrelated controls. In type I diabetic patients and their healthy siblings, serum levels of IgG to bovine insulin were inversely correlated with the duration of non-exclusive breast feeding (rs= -0.37, P= 0.016 and rs= -0.53, P= 0.049, respectively). There was no correlation between serum levels of IgG to bovine insulin with daily intake of dairy products. Bovine insulin cross-reacted with human insulin as judged by ELISA inhibition assay. The emergence of anti-insulin antibodies in Iranian patients with type I DM, which is associated with the duration of breast-feeding is less likely to be due to early exposure of infants with the proteins found in cow&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s milk. One speculation could be that the production of antibodies to insulin in type I diabetes may just be a physiologic response (probably to increase the half-life of the circulating insulin). The importance of anti-insulin antibodies in type I diabetes mellitus needs further studies.

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of Vitamins A, E, C and Omega3 Fatty Acids on Lipid Peroxidation in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats

Background: To assess the effect of supplementation with vitamins A, E and C and ω-3 fatty acids ... more Background: To assess the effect of supplementation with vitamins A, E and C and ω-3 fatty acids on lipid peroxidation in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. Methods: Sixty four male wistar rats weighting 250g were divided into four groups as normal control, diabetic control, dia- betic with vitamin A, E as well as C supplementation and diabetic with ω-3 fatty

Research paper thumbnail of Effects of supplementation with omega-3 on insulin sensitivity and non-esterified free fatty acid (NEFA) in type 2 diabetic patients

Arquivos Brasileiros de Endocrinologia & Metabologia, 2014

The aim of this study was to determine the role of omega-3 supplementation on NEFA concentration,... more The aim of this study was to determine the role of omega-3 supplementation on NEFA concentration, insulin sensitivity and resistance, and glucose and lipid metabolism in type 2 diabetic patients. Forty-four type 2 diabetic patients were randomly recruited into two groups. Group A received 4 g/day omega-3 soft gels, and group B received a placebo for 10 wks. Blood samples were collected after 12-h fast. Physical activity records, three-day food records, and anthropometric measurements were obtained from all participants at the beginning and end of the study. Omega-3 supplementation caused a significant reduction in NEFA in the intervention group compared with the placebo group (P = 0.009). Additionally, the administration of omega-3 resulted in significantly greater changes (Diff) for the intervention group in various parameters, such as insulin and Quicki indices compared with the placebo group (P &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.05). Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation in type 2 diabetic patients improved insulin sensitivity, probably due to the decrease in NEFA concentrations.

Research paper thumbnail of Cytogenetics of unfertilized human oocytes

Reproduction, 1988

During an in-vitro fertilization programme 150 oocytes from 62 women with a mean age of 31 years ... more During an in-vitro fertilization programme 150 oocytes from 62 women with a mean age of 31 years (range 24-39) remained unfertilized. Successful chromosome analysis was carried out on 96 oocytes by Q-banding: 59 (61.5%) oocytes bore a normal haploid complement, 8 (8.3%) were diploid and 3 (3.1%) tetraploid. In 26 (27.1%) oocytes aneuploidy was observed; these included 9 (9.4%) nullisomic, 5 (5.2%) double nullisomic, 4 (4.2%) triple nullisomic and 2 (2.1%) disomic oocytes. The remaining 54 (36.0%) oocytes could not be evaluated. A nearly uniform rate of aneuploidy was found for unfertilized oocytes among different donor age groups.

Research paper thumbnail of Effects of combined supplementation with EPA and vitamin E on the inflammatory response and oxidative capacity of male basketball players

Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 2008

Research paper thumbnail of Prenatal diagnosis of a true mosaic trisomy 20 substantiated by demonstration of a gene dosage effect for adenosine deaminase (ADA)

Prenatal Diagnosis, 1985

Fibroblasts from a fetus with the prenatal diagnosis of mosaic trisomy 20 were cloned by dilution... more Fibroblasts from a fetus with the prenatal diagnosis of mosaic trisomy 20 were cloned by dilution plating. Adenosine deaminase (ADA), a biochemical marker for chromosome 20, was assayed in trisomic clones and normal clones as control. The cytogenetic diagnosis was substantiated by demonstration of a triplex gene dosage effect for ADA in the trisomic cells.

Research paper thumbnail of False-negative findings in chorionic villus sampling. An experimental approach and review of the literature

Prenatal Diagnosis, 1998

61 fetuses/newborns who had an aberrant karyotype in amniocentesis (AC) or percutaneous umbilical... more 61 fetuses/newborns who had an aberrant karyotype in amniocentesis (AC) or percutaneous umbilical blood sampling (PUBS) were followed-up by chorionic villus sampling (CVS) at birth or after interruption. The overall rate of discrepancies is surprisingly high. Among 46 cases with a non-mosaic numerical aberration an AC or PUBS three had a discrepant finding in placental tissue. This was also true in one of seven cases with non-mosaic structural aberrations and in three of five cases with mosaic structural aberrations. All three cases with a mosaic numerical aberration in AC or PUBS were not represented by CVS and/or lymphocytes or fibroblasts, demonstrating the general problem of the unpredictable prognostic value of mosaicism. Our data suggest, that in case of prenatal diagnosis by CVS, using a combined procedure of short-term (STC) and long-term culture (LTC), in our sample we would have missed one case of 45,X (1.6 per cent). When relying only on STC another two cases, one with 47, +21 and one with 46,XX,der(22) would not have been recognized (4.9 per cent, n = 3). All other chromosome aberrations would have been detected by STC alone. On the other hand, one case of 45,X was &#39;nearly missed&#39; because of low-grade mosaicism in AC (45,X[1]/46,XX[19]), whereas in placental tissues and PUBS only 45,X was represented. This study mimics a false-negative rate of about 1:3000 (STC plus LTC) or about 1:1000 (STC alone) for an a priori risk group of two per cent (e.g., advanced maternal age).

Research paper thumbnail of Cytogenetic diagnoses after chorionic villus sampling are less reliable in very-high- or very-low-risk pregnancies

Prenatal Diagnosis, 1993

An increasing number of cytogenetic prenatal diagnoses are performed on chorionic villus sampling... more An increasing number of cytogenetic prenatal diagnoses are performed on chorionic villus samplings. The accuracy of this method is influenced by chromosomal mosaicism, mostly confined to direct preparation methods. Especially those investigators who have experienced false-negative and false-positive findings propagate the combined use of direct and culture methods. Yet large collaborative studies have shown that in approximately two-thirds of diagnostic cases only one procedure is applied. Moreover, the accuracy of a cytogenetic investigation depends not only on the ontogenetic origin of the tissues investigated, but also on interacting factors such as the &#39;a priori risk&#39; and the &#39;predictive value of a cytogenetic finding&#39;. On this basis a differentiated prenatal diagnostic procedure is discussed, including either sole short-term culture (STC), combined STC and long-term culture (LTC), primary amniocentesis (AC), or primary percutaneous umbilical blood sampling (PUBS). The predictive value of the cytogenetic diagnosis from CVS varies significantly dependent on the a priori risk of a chromosome aberration and, in the case of an abnormal karyotype, on the specific chromosome involved. A non-mosaic and &#39;non-lethal&#39; trisomy detected in STC is highly representative of the embryo/fetus, but there are exceptions of limited predictive value, e.g., trisomy 18. Guided by the strategy of an optional follow-up by LTC, AC, or PUBS in 1317 successive CV samplings, we are not aware of a false-negative diagnosis, but probably had one false-positive diagnosis: 47,XXY after STC; 46,XY after LTC. When referring to the rate of fetuses with an unbalanced karyotype expected in the different indication groups, a relative increase of false-positive findings in the very-low-risk group (maternal age &lt; or = 35 years of age) and of false-negative findings in the very-high-risk group (abnormal ultrasonographic findings) of pregnant women when only performing CVS becomes obvious. Because of this dilemma, AC or--especially in the latter group--PUBS might be primarily offered to these indication groups instead of CVS.

Research paper thumbnail of Relationship between Visceral Adiposity and Plasma Adiponectin Concentration: Effect of Weight Loss

Background: Adiponectin is an anti-inflammatory and antiatherogenic protein that has a protective... more Background: Adiponectin is an anti-inflammatory and antiatherogenic protein that has a protective effect against athero- sclerosis and diabetes. It is exclusively secreted by adipose tissue. Serum adiponectin levels are inversely associated with parameters of overall adiposity including body mass index (BMI), fat mass, and percentage of body fat. Methods: In a cross-sectional study of 76 women we sought to evaluate if adiponectin is associated primarily with central adiposity rather than overall adiposity. We also assessed adiponectin changes after weight loss in a subgroup of 42 obese subjects. Results: Waist to hip ratio (WHR), an index of central obesity, was the only variable independently associated to adi- ponectin (Beta= 0.25, P< 0.05). A mean increase of 8.2±24.2% in adiponectin concentration was observed in response to the dietary restriction and weight loss (P= 0.03). Our findings provide evidence for association of serum adiponectin level with visceral fat, represented...

Research paper thumbnail of In vitro and in vivo evidences that the malabsorption of cobalamin is related to its binding on haptocorrin (R binder) in chronic pancreatitis1

The intraluminal transport of cobalamin (Cbl) remains controversial in chronic pancreatitis. We h... more The intraluminal transport of cobalamin (Cbl) remains controversial in chronic pancreatitis. We have determined the ability ofintestinal juice to degrade the digestive holohaptocorrin (R binder) and the binding of endogenous Cbl in basal intestinal juice from 22 chronic pancreatitis patients and 22 controls. The intestinal juice from patients and controls degraded 34.7 ± 32.3% and 95.2 ± 7.2% of holophatocorrin,

Research paper thumbnail of Association between Iron Status and Lipid Peroxidation in Obese and Non-Obese Women

Background: Obesity is associated with increased lipid peroxidation. It has also been suggested t... more Background: Obesity is associated with increased lipid peroxidation. It has also been suggested that risk of lipid peroxida- tion increases with increasing body iron stores. The aim of this study was to examine the association of body iron status with the concentration of plasma malondialdehyde (P-MDA) as a marker of lipid peroxidation in obese and non-obese women. Methods: In a

Research paper thumbnail of Effects of probiotics on biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammatory factors in petrochemical workers: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

International Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2015

The aim of the current study was to determine effects of probiotic yoghurt and multispecies probi... more The aim of the current study was to determine effects of probiotic yoghurt and multispecies probiotic capsule supplementation on biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammatory factors in petrochemical workers. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was done among petrochemical workers. Subjects were randomly divided into three groups to receive 100 g/day probiotic yogurt (n = 12) or one probiotic capsule daily (n = 13) or 100 g/day conventional yogurt (n = 10) for 6 weeks. The probiotic yoghurt was containing two strains of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium lactis with a total of min 1 × 10(7) CFU. Multispecies probiotic capsule contains seven probiotic bacteria spices Actobacillus casei 3 × 10(3), L. acidophilus 3 × 10(7), Lactobacillus rhamnosus 7 × 10(9), Lactobacillus bulgaricus 5 × 10(8), Bifidobacterium breve 2 × 10(10), Bifidobacterium longum 1 × 10(9) and Streptococcus thermophilus 3 × 10(8) CFU/g. Fasting blood samples were obtained at the beginning and end of the trial to quantify biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammatory factors. Although a significant within-group decrease in plasma protein carbonyl levels was seen in the probiotic capsule group (326.0 ± 308.9 vs. 251.0 ± 176.3 ng/mL, P = 0.02), the changes were similar among the three groups. In addition, significant within-group decreases in plasma iso prostaglandin were observed in the probiotic supplements group (111.9 ± 85.4 vs. 88.0 ± 71.0 pg/mL, P = 0.003) and in the probiotic yogurt group (116.3 ± 93.0 vs. 92.0 ± 66.0 pg/mL, P = 0.02), nevertheless there were no significant change among the three groups. Taken together, consumption of probiotic yogurt or multispecies probiotic capsule had beneficial effects on biomarkers of oxidative stress in petrochemical workers.

Research paper thumbnail of APOA II genotypes frequency and their interaction with saturated fatty acids consumption on lipid profile of patients with type 2 diabetes

Clinical Nutrition, 2015

Several studies have suggested that APOA II-265T/C polymorphism affect lipid profile. The aim of ... more Several studies have suggested that APOA II-265T/C polymorphism affect lipid profile. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of -265T/C APOA II polymorphism and saturated fatty acids (SFA) intake interaction on lipid profile in diabetic population who are at risk for lipid disorders. In this cross sectional study, 697 type 2 diabetic patients participated. Food consumption data were collected using validated semi-quantitative FFQ during the last year. Realtime-PCR was used to determine APOA II-265T/C genotypes. The interaction between the genotypes and SFA intake with lipid profile was tested using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). According to APOA II-265T/C (rs5082) genotype distribution results, CC genotype with a frequency of 12.9% and TC with that of 47.7% showed the lowest and highest frequency in our population, respectively. CC genotype subjects had significantly lower total cholesterol, triglyceride, Cholesterol/HDL-c ratio and non-HDL cholesterol than T allele carriers (p = 0.009, p = 0.02, p = 0.02 and p = 0.002, respectively). The interaction between genotype and SFA intake contributed to significant higher levels of LDL-c and LDL/HDL in CCs (p = 0.05 and p = 0.01), suggesting vulnerability of these individuals to high intake of SFA in the diet. APOA II polymorphism may influence the saturated fatty acid intake required to prevent dyslipidemia in the type 2 diabetic population.

Research paper thumbnail of The Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on Glucose Control and Insulin Resistance in Patients with Diabetes Type 2: A Randomized Clinical Trial Study

Iranian journal of public health, 2014

Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent in diabetes type 2 and this vitamin may be related to insulin a... more Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent in diabetes type 2 and this vitamin may be related to insulin action. This randomized controlled trial study was done to evaluate the effect of vitamin D supplementation on glucose control and insulin resistance in patients with diabetes type 2. Participants of this randomized clinical trial study consisted of 28 patients with type 2 diabetes who received 100 microgram (4000 IU) vitamin D and 30 diabetic patients who received placebo for 2 months between September 2012 and February 2013. The effect of vitamin D on glucose control was assessed by measuring HbA1c and insulin resistance as HOMA-IR at the baseline and the end of the intervention. The results showed a significant decrease in HbA1c (from 7.29 ± 0.22 % to 6.76 ± 0.18 %, P<0.001) and insulin concentration (from 8.24 ± 0.97 μIU/mL to 6.55 ± 0.28 μIU/mL, P=0.048), but a non-significant decrease in HOMA-IR in vitamin D group. Also, HDL-C level increased significantly in both of vitamin D (P...

Research paper thumbnail of Association between ApoA-II -265T/C polymorphism and oxidative stress in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Journal of Diabetes and its Complications, 2015

Apolipoprotein A-II (ApoA-II) constitutes approximately 20% of the total HDL protein content. The... more Apolipoprotein A-II (ApoA-II) constitutes approximately 20% of the total HDL protein content. The results of various studies on the relationship between cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and the plasma ApoA-II level are contradictory. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between ApoA-II polymorphism and oxidative stress (OS) as a risk factor for CVD. The present comparative study was carried out on 180 obese and non-obese patients with type 2 diabetes, with equal numbers of CC, TC, and TT genotypes of ApoA-II -265T/C gene. The ApoA-II genotype was determined by the TaqMan assay method. The anthropometric measurements and serum levels of lipid profile, superoxide dismutase activity (SOD), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and 8-isoprostaneF2α were measured. After adjusting for confounding factors, in the total study population and in obese and non-obese groups, the subjects with CC genotype had a lower mean serum SOD activity (p=0.002, p=0.007 and p=0.005, respectively) and higher mean 8-isoprostaneF2α concentration (p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.001, p=0.003 and p=0.004, respectively) than the T-allele carriers. In the TT/TC group, the mean 8-isoprostanF2α concentration was significantly higher in the obese subjects than the non-obese subjects (p=0.009). In the CC group, no significant differences were found in the OS factors between obese and non-obese groups. The T allele in patients with type 2 diabetes is a protective factor against OS; obesity inhibits this protective effect. The results of this study represent the anti-atherogenic properties of ApoA-II. However, further studies are needed in this field.

Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of Vitamin D Status in Newly Diagnosed Pemphigus Vulgaris Patients

Iranian journal of public health, 2014

Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is an autoimmune blistering disorder of the skin or mucosa. Since low vit... more Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is an autoimmune blistering disorder of the skin or mucosa. Since low vitamin D status has been linked to many immune disorders, we designed this study to compare the vitamin D status in PV patients with healthy controls. In this case-control study, vitamin D status of 32 newly diagnosed PV patients was compared with 36 healthy control subjects. All patients were selected from the specialized dermatology departments of Razi Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences in a 2-year period (2009-2010). The severity of the disease was estimated according to Harman's scores. Serum concentration of 25(OH)D was measured by Roche Elecsys System. Data were analyzed by independent t-test. Both groups were similar based on sex, age and body mass index. The mean duration of disease was 5.57±0.93 months. The mean oral and skin severities were 1.81±0.20 and 2.31±0.17 respectively, based on Harman's scores. Serum 25(OH)D was significantly lower in PV patients com...

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of conjugated linoleic Acid, vitamin e, alone or combined on immunity and inflammatory parameters in adults with active rheumatoid arthritis: a randomized controlled trial

International journal of preventive medicine, 2014

Little information about the effects of conjugated linoleic acids (CLAs) on inflammation and immu... more Little information about the effects of conjugated linoleic acids (CLAs) on inflammation and immune function in humans is available. This study investigated the effects of CLAs, with and without Vitamin E on immunity and inflammatory parameters in adults with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In a double-blind clinical trial, 78 patients were randomly divided into four groups, each group receiving one of the following daily supplement for 3 months; group C: 2.5 g CLAs, group E: 400 mg Vitamin E, group CE: CLAs plus Vitamin E, group P: Placebo. Cytokines, matrix metalloproteinase 3 (MMP-3) and citrullinated antibody (CCP-A) were measured by ELISA method and Vitamin E by high-performance liquid chromatography. Consider statistical methods there were no significant differences between groups in cytokines interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-4, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), IL-1β, IL-2/IL-4, CCP-A white blood cells and neutrophils, lymphocyte, monocytes, and eosinophils numbers. TNF-α decreased ...

Research paper thumbnail of Isolation of alpha-lactalbumin, beta-lactoglobulin, and bovine serum albumin from cow's milk using gel filtration and anion-exchange chromatography including evaluation of their antigenicity

Protein expression and purification, 2003

The aim of this study was to introduce a simple, reproducible, and less expensive method for isol... more The aim of this study was to introduce a simple, reproducible, and less expensive method for isolation of alpha-lactalbumin, beta-lactoglobulin, and bovine serum albumin from cow's milk while retaining their antigenicity. Whey (lactoserum) was obtained by isolating casein from defatted milk using hydrochloric acid. Globulins were then precipitated from whey by half-saturated ammonium sulfate and beta-lactoglobulin was purified further using Sephadex G-50 gel filtration. The proteins in the supernatant were also fractionated using diethylaminoethyl cellulose chromatography in which beta-lactoglobulin was separated from alpha-lactalbumin and bovine serum albumin. The latter two proteins that co-eluted in anion-exchange chromatography were then gently isolated from each other by Sephadex G-50 gel filtration. Pure beta-lactoglobulin was also obtained by anion-exchange chromatography of the ammonium sulfate-precipitated globulins. Using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), West...

Research paper thumbnail of Relationship between blood donors' iron status and their age, body mass index and donation frequency

Sao Paulo Medical Journal, 2013

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Regular blood donation may decrease body iron storage and lead to anemia. ... more CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Regular blood donation may decrease body iron storage and lead to anemia. The aim here was to evaluate the iron status of Iranian male blood donors and the impact of age, body mass index (BMI) and donation frequency over one year, on iron status indices. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study at Tehran Blood Transfusion Center, Tehran, Iran. METHODS: Between July and September 2011, 117 male blood donors were selected and divided into four groups according to their frequency of blood donation. Thirty male non-donors were also recruited as controls after adjusting for age, weight, height, smoking habits and monthly income. Iron status indices and some criteria such as general health and dietary measurements were determined among all subjects. RESULTS: The values of the iron-related parameters were significantly lower among donors than among non-donors. Only total iron binding capacity (TIBC) was found to be significantly higher among different donor groups than in the controls. A significant positive correlation was observed between age and serum ferritin (SF) only among the donors who had donated once within the preceding year. The iron status indices did not show any significant relationship with BMI among donors or non-donors. CONCLUSION: A donation frequency of more than twice a year had a significant influence on iron-related parameters. Therefore, without annual measurement of these parameters, further phlebotomies may lead to iron deficiency and donor rejection in the future.

Research paper thumbnail of BODY IRON STORES AND OXIDATIVE STRESS MARKERS IN WOMEN OF REPRODUCTIVE AGE: IS IT RELATED TO ATHEROSCLEROSIS

BACKGROUND: Elevated body iron stores have been suggested to be a risk factor for cardiovas- cula... more BACKGROUND: Elevated body iron stores have been suggested to be a risk factor for cardiovas- cular disease (CVD). We examined whether elevated plasma ferritin concentrations as indicator of iron stores, affect the oxidative stress markers in a reproductive age women population. METHOD: One hundred sixty, 20-45-year-old women were randomly selected. We investigated body iron stores by measuring the concentrations of

Research paper thumbnail of Serum IgG levels to bovine insulin in type I diabetes mellitus

The Indian Journal of Pediatrics, 2003

This study was undertaken to determine humoral immune response to bovine insulin in Iranian child... more This study was undertaken to determine humoral immune response to bovine insulin in Iranian children with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Serum samples were taken from 93 children aged 4-17 years with type I diabetes mellitus from two centers in Iran (the Iranian Association of Diabetes in Tehran and Center for Diabetes Research in Hamedan), 17 apparently healthy siblings of the diabetic patients (related controls), 28 apparently healthy age- and sex- matched controls (unrelated controls), 14 patients aged 11-15 years with auto-immune thyroiditis, and 45 patients with type II diabetes (aged 44-68 years). Samples were then examined for specific IgG to bovine insulin by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A questionnaire on medical history, duration of exclusive and non-exclusive breast feeding and daily intake of dairy products was completed before bleeding. Duration of exclusive and non-exclusive breast-feeding showed no significant difference between patients with type I diabetes, related and unrelated controls and thyroid patients. Diabetic children, however, had significantly higher serum levels of anti-bovine insulin IgG than did unrelated and related healthy controls and patients with type II diabetes (P&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.01). There was no significant difference between healthy siblings of diabetic children and unrelated controls. In type I diabetic patients and their healthy siblings, serum levels of IgG to bovine insulin were inversely correlated with the duration of non-exclusive breast feeding (rs= -0.37, P= 0.016 and rs= -0.53, P= 0.049, respectively). There was no correlation between serum levels of IgG to bovine insulin with daily intake of dairy products. Bovine insulin cross-reacted with human insulin as judged by ELISA inhibition assay. The emergence of anti-insulin antibodies in Iranian patients with type I DM, which is associated with the duration of breast-feeding is less likely to be due to early exposure of infants with the proteins found in cow&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s milk. One speculation could be that the production of antibodies to insulin in type I diabetes may just be a physiologic response (probably to increase the half-life of the circulating insulin). The importance of anti-insulin antibodies in type I diabetes mellitus needs further studies.

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of Vitamins A, E, C and Omega3 Fatty Acids on Lipid Peroxidation in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats

Background: To assess the effect of supplementation with vitamins A, E and C and ω-3 fatty acids ... more Background: To assess the effect of supplementation with vitamins A, E and C and ω-3 fatty acids on lipid peroxidation in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. Methods: Sixty four male wistar rats weighting 250g were divided into four groups as normal control, diabetic control, dia- betic with vitamin A, E as well as C supplementation and diabetic with ω-3 fatty

Research paper thumbnail of Effects of supplementation with omega-3 on insulin sensitivity and non-esterified free fatty acid (NEFA) in type 2 diabetic patients

Arquivos Brasileiros de Endocrinologia & Metabologia, 2014

The aim of this study was to determine the role of omega-3 supplementation on NEFA concentration,... more The aim of this study was to determine the role of omega-3 supplementation on NEFA concentration, insulin sensitivity and resistance, and glucose and lipid metabolism in type 2 diabetic patients. Forty-four type 2 diabetic patients were randomly recruited into two groups. Group A received 4 g/day omega-3 soft gels, and group B received a placebo for 10 wks. Blood samples were collected after 12-h fast. Physical activity records, three-day food records, and anthropometric measurements were obtained from all participants at the beginning and end of the study. Omega-3 supplementation caused a significant reduction in NEFA in the intervention group compared with the placebo group (P = 0.009). Additionally, the administration of omega-3 resulted in significantly greater changes (Diff) for the intervention group in various parameters, such as insulin and Quicki indices compared with the placebo group (P &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.05). Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation in type 2 diabetic patients improved insulin sensitivity, probably due to the decrease in NEFA concentrations.

Research paper thumbnail of Cytogenetics of unfertilized human oocytes

Reproduction, 1988

During an in-vitro fertilization programme 150 oocytes from 62 women with a mean age of 31 years ... more During an in-vitro fertilization programme 150 oocytes from 62 women with a mean age of 31 years (range 24-39) remained unfertilized. Successful chromosome analysis was carried out on 96 oocytes by Q-banding: 59 (61.5%) oocytes bore a normal haploid complement, 8 (8.3%) were diploid and 3 (3.1%) tetraploid. In 26 (27.1%) oocytes aneuploidy was observed; these included 9 (9.4%) nullisomic, 5 (5.2%) double nullisomic, 4 (4.2%) triple nullisomic and 2 (2.1%) disomic oocytes. The remaining 54 (36.0%) oocytes could not be evaluated. A nearly uniform rate of aneuploidy was found for unfertilized oocytes among different donor age groups.

Research paper thumbnail of Effects of combined supplementation with EPA and vitamin E on the inflammatory response and oxidative capacity of male basketball players

Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 2008

Research paper thumbnail of Prenatal diagnosis of a true mosaic trisomy 20 substantiated by demonstration of a gene dosage effect for adenosine deaminase (ADA)

Prenatal Diagnosis, 1985

Fibroblasts from a fetus with the prenatal diagnosis of mosaic trisomy 20 were cloned by dilution... more Fibroblasts from a fetus with the prenatal diagnosis of mosaic trisomy 20 were cloned by dilution plating. Adenosine deaminase (ADA), a biochemical marker for chromosome 20, was assayed in trisomic clones and normal clones as control. The cytogenetic diagnosis was substantiated by demonstration of a triplex gene dosage effect for ADA in the trisomic cells.

Research paper thumbnail of False-negative findings in chorionic villus sampling. An experimental approach and review of the literature

Prenatal Diagnosis, 1998

61 fetuses/newborns who had an aberrant karyotype in amniocentesis (AC) or percutaneous umbilical... more 61 fetuses/newborns who had an aberrant karyotype in amniocentesis (AC) or percutaneous umbilical blood sampling (PUBS) were followed-up by chorionic villus sampling (CVS) at birth or after interruption. The overall rate of discrepancies is surprisingly high. Among 46 cases with a non-mosaic numerical aberration an AC or PUBS three had a discrepant finding in placental tissue. This was also true in one of seven cases with non-mosaic structural aberrations and in three of five cases with mosaic structural aberrations. All three cases with a mosaic numerical aberration in AC or PUBS were not represented by CVS and/or lymphocytes or fibroblasts, demonstrating the general problem of the unpredictable prognostic value of mosaicism. Our data suggest, that in case of prenatal diagnosis by CVS, using a combined procedure of short-term (STC) and long-term culture (LTC), in our sample we would have missed one case of 45,X (1.6 per cent). When relying only on STC another two cases, one with 47, +21 and one with 46,XX,der(22) would not have been recognized (4.9 per cent, n = 3). All other chromosome aberrations would have been detected by STC alone. On the other hand, one case of 45,X was &#39;nearly missed&#39; because of low-grade mosaicism in AC (45,X[1]/46,XX[19]), whereas in placental tissues and PUBS only 45,X was represented. This study mimics a false-negative rate of about 1:3000 (STC plus LTC) or about 1:1000 (STC alone) for an a priori risk group of two per cent (e.g., advanced maternal age).

Research paper thumbnail of Cytogenetic diagnoses after chorionic villus sampling are less reliable in very-high- or very-low-risk pregnancies

Prenatal Diagnosis, 1993

An increasing number of cytogenetic prenatal diagnoses are performed on chorionic villus sampling... more An increasing number of cytogenetic prenatal diagnoses are performed on chorionic villus samplings. The accuracy of this method is influenced by chromosomal mosaicism, mostly confined to direct preparation methods. Especially those investigators who have experienced false-negative and false-positive findings propagate the combined use of direct and culture methods. Yet large collaborative studies have shown that in approximately two-thirds of diagnostic cases only one procedure is applied. Moreover, the accuracy of a cytogenetic investigation depends not only on the ontogenetic origin of the tissues investigated, but also on interacting factors such as the &#39;a priori risk&#39; and the &#39;predictive value of a cytogenetic finding&#39;. On this basis a differentiated prenatal diagnostic procedure is discussed, including either sole short-term culture (STC), combined STC and long-term culture (LTC), primary amniocentesis (AC), or primary percutaneous umbilical blood sampling (PUBS). The predictive value of the cytogenetic diagnosis from CVS varies significantly dependent on the a priori risk of a chromosome aberration and, in the case of an abnormal karyotype, on the specific chromosome involved. A non-mosaic and &#39;non-lethal&#39; trisomy detected in STC is highly representative of the embryo/fetus, but there are exceptions of limited predictive value, e.g., trisomy 18. Guided by the strategy of an optional follow-up by LTC, AC, or PUBS in 1317 successive CV samplings, we are not aware of a false-negative diagnosis, but probably had one false-positive diagnosis: 47,XXY after STC; 46,XY after LTC. When referring to the rate of fetuses with an unbalanced karyotype expected in the different indication groups, a relative increase of false-positive findings in the very-low-risk group (maternal age &lt; or = 35 years of age) and of false-negative findings in the very-high-risk group (abnormal ultrasonographic findings) of pregnant women when only performing CVS becomes obvious. Because of this dilemma, AC or--especially in the latter group--PUBS might be primarily offered to these indication groups instead of CVS.