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Papers by Maite Martinez

Agricultural policies against invasive species generate contrasting outcomes for climate change mitigation and biodiversity conservation

Figshare, 2022

The Journal of Agricultural Science, 2016

SUMMARYFlowering and successful pollination in wheat are key determinants of both quantity and qu... more SUMMARYFlowering and successful pollination in wheat are key determinants of both quantity and quality of grain. Bread wheat line ‘Paragon’, introgressed with single or multiple daylength insensitivity alleles was used to dissect the effects on the timing and duration of flowering within a hierarchical plant architecture. Flowering of wheat plants was observed in a series of pot-based and field experiments. Ppd-D1a was the most potent known allele affecting the timing of flowering, requiring the least thermal time to flowering across all experiments. The duration of flowering for individual lines was dominated by the shift in the start of flowering in later tillers and the number of tillers per plant, rather than variation in flowering duration of individual spikes. There was a strong relationship between flowering duration and the start of flowering with the earliest lines flowering for the longest. The greatest flowering overlap between tillers was recorded for the Ppd-1b. Across ...

Plant and Soil, 2022

Aims To assess 1) the effect of the combination of flooding (winter flooding vs. non-winter flood... more Aims To assess 1) the effect of the combination of flooding (winter flooding vs. non-winter flooding; WFL vs NWF) and timing of straw incorporation (early vs late straw incorporation; ESI vs LSI) in the post-harvest of paddy agrosystem, on a year-round global balance of greenhouse gases (GHG) exchanges, i.e. methane (CH4), carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrous oxide (N2O); 2) the impact on the net ecosystem carbon balance (NECB) and 3) the resulting net global warming potential (GWP). Methods A field experiment was conducted with fortnightly samplings of main GHG emissions. Effect of the studied factors on GHG emissions was seasonally assessed. The net GWP is estimated from the balance between GHG (CH4 and N2O) and NECB. Results NWF-LSI reduced net GWP by 206% compared to conventional post-harvest management (WFL-ESI). NECB was similar in all treatments. Avoiding winter flooding reduced CH4 emissions significantly in the post-harvest and next growing seasons, while delay straw incorporat...

Plant and Soil, 2021

Purpose To assess 1) the cumulative greenhouse gas emissions –GHG- and global warming potential (... more Purpose To assess 1) the cumulative greenhouse gas emissions –GHG- and global warming potential (methane – CH4- and nitrous oxide) from rice fields in the growing and fallow seasons, and 2) the environmental and agronomic drivers of CH4 emissions, and their relative capacity to explain CH4 variation. Methods A two-year multisite field experiment covering the agronomic and environmental variability of a rice growing area in NE Iberian Peninsula was conducted with monthly samplings of GHG and monitoring of both environmental and agronomic factors. Information-theoretic framework analysis was used to assess the relative contribution of the environmental and agronomic variables on methane emissions. Results Two thirds of the CH4 is emitted in the fallow season. Edaphic factors exert more influence during the growing season whereas agronomic factors have a higher impact in the fallow. The implications of these findings on the design of improved mitigation options rice are discussed. Conc...

Additional file 4 of Effect of Root Colonization by Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Growth, Productivity and Blast Resistance in Rice

Additional file 4: Figure S4. Comparison of the different experimental designs used in this study.

Additional file 1 of Effect of Root Colonization by Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Growth, Productivity and Blast Resistance in Rice

Additional file 1: Figure S1. Experimental design used in this study for Growth and Pi analyses.

Additional file 3 of Effect of Root Colonization by Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Growth, Productivity and Blast Resistance in Rice

Additional file 3: Figure S3. Experimental design used in this study for Blast resistance assays.

El arroz es un cultivo sensible a la salinidad, cuyo impacto en la producción dependerá del nivel... more El arroz es un cultivo sensible a la salinidad, cuyo impacto en la producción dependerá del nivel de salinidad, del momento y duración y de la tolerancia varietal. En 2016 y 2017 se realizó un estudio en zonas afectadas por la salinidad en el Delta del Ebro con el objetivo de conocer la tolerancia de las variedades comerciales más cultivadas en las zonas arroceras españolas. Los resultados mostraron la amplia variabilidad de respuesta del material estudiado y el elevado potencial productivo de algunas de ellas en condiciones de salinidad.

Environmental and Human Drivers of Carbon Sequestration and Greenhouse Gas Emissions in the Ebro Delta, Spain

Wetland Carbon and Environmental Management, 2021

Effects of the application of a moderate alternate wetting and drying technique on the performance of different European varieties in Northern Italy rice system

Field Crops Research, 2021

Abstract Alternate wetting and drying (AWD) technique has been developed and evaluated on rice (O... more Abstract Alternate wetting and drying (AWD) technique has been developed and evaluated on rice (Oryza sativa) systems in several countries worldwide for increasing water use efficiency and reducing negative effects of permanent flooding, like the increase in methane emissions and arsenic availability in soil. In this study, a paddy field experiment was carried out for two years to evaluate the application in Northern Italy rice area of a moderate AWD, i.e. only implemented during the vegetative phase of the crop and ponded water maintained thereafter, compared with Continuous Flooding (CF) system. The adaptability of 12 European commercial rice cultivars to AWD was investigated in terms of crop phenology, morphological traits, root production, nitrogen (N) uptake, yield, milled rice yield and microelement concentration in grains. Results showed substantial (40.7 %) water saving probably favoured by the presence of a shallow water table. In these pedoclimatic conditions, very limited effects of a mild AWD on crop status and final productivity were recorded and the commercial cultivars did not display significant different adaptabilities to the water stress. Moreover, AWD decreased arsenic (As) concentration in grain but increased grain Cadmium (Cd) being the degree of such a response dependent upon the variety, suggesting that the genotype plays an important role in this aspect of adaptation to AWD.

PLOS ONE, 2020

Deltaic wetlands are highly productive ecosystems, which characteristically can act as Csinks. Ho... more Deltaic wetlands are highly productive ecosystems, which characteristically can act as Csinks. However, they are among the most threatened ecosystems, being very vulnerable to global change, and require special attention towards its conservation. Knowing their climate change mitigating potential, conservation measures should also be oriented with a climatic approach, to strengthen their regulatory services. In this work we studied the carbon biogeochemistry and the specific relevance of certain microbial guilds on carbon metabolisms of the three main types of deltaic wetlands located in the Ebro Delta, northeastern Spain, as well as how they deal with human pressures and climate change effects. We estimated the metabolic rates of the main carbon-related metabolisms (primary production and respiration) and the resulting carbon and global warming potential balances in sites with a different salinity range and trophic status. With the results obtained, we tried to define the influence of possible changes in salinity and trophic level linked to the main impacts currently threatening deltaic wetlands, on the C-metabolisms and GHG emissions, for a better understanding of the mitigating capacity and their possible enhancement when applying specific management actions. Metabolic rates showed a pattern highly influenced by the salinity range and nutrients inputs. Freshwater and brackish wetlands, with higher nutrient inputs from agricultural runoff, showed higher C-capture capacity (around 220-250 g C m-2 y-1), but also higher rates of degradative metabolisms (aerobic respiration and CH 4 emissions). Contrastingly, the rates of C-related metabolisms and C-retention of Salicornia-type coastal salt marshes were lower (42 g C m-2 y-1). The study of the microbial metacommunity composition by the16S RNA gene sequencing revealed a significant higher presence of methanogens in the salt marsh, and also higher metabolic potential, where there was significantly more organic matter content in sediment. Salinity inhibition, however, explained the lower respiration rates, both aerobic and anaerobic, and prevented higher rates of methanogenesis despite the major presence of methanogens. Conservation measures for these wetlands would require, overall, maintaining the sediment contributions of the river basin intending to overcome the regression of the Delta and its salt marshes in a climate change scenario. Particularly, for reducing degradative metabolisms, and favour C-retention, nutrient inputs should be controlled in freshwater and brackish wetlands in order to reduce eutrophication.

Rice, 2020

Background Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi form symbiotic associations with roots in most land ... more Background Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi form symbiotic associations with roots in most land plants. AM symbiosis provides benefits to host plants by improving nutrition and fitness. AM symbiosis has also been associated with increased resistance to pathogen infection in several plant species. In rice, the effects of AM symbiosis is less studied, probably because rice is mostly cultivated in wetland areas, and plants in such ecosystems have traditionally been considered as non-mycorrhizal. In this study, we investigated the effect of AM inoculation on performance of elite rice cultivars (Oryza sativa, japonica subspecies) under greenhouse and field conditions, focusing on growth, resistance to the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae and productivity. Results The response to inoculation with either Funneliformis mosseae or Rhizophagus irregularis was evaluated in a panel of 12 rice cultivars. Root colonization was confirmed in all rice varieties. Under controlled greenhouse cond...

PloS one, 2018

Paddy rice fields are one of the most important sources of anthropogenic methane. Improving the a... more Paddy rice fields are one of the most important sources of anthropogenic methane. Improving the accuracy in the CH4 budget is fundamental to identify strategies to mitigate climate change. Such improvement requires a mechanistic understanding of the complex interactions between environmental and agronomic factors determining CH4 emissions, and also the characterization of the annual temporal CH4 emissions pattern in the whole crop cycle. Hence, both the growing and fallow seasons must be included. However, most of the previous research has been based on single-factor analyses that are focused on the growing season. In order to fill this gap, a study was conducted in a Mediterranean rice agrosystem (Ebre Delta, Catalonia) following a farm-to-farm approach with the purpose of 1) evaluating the cumulative and temporal pattern of CH4 emission, and 2) conducting a multi-variate analyses to assess the associative pattern, relative contribution and temporal variation of the main explanator...

Coastal regions are highly dynamic and productive ecosystems with high ecological and economical ... more Coastal regions are highly dynamic and productive ecosystems with high ecological and economical value. Given the co-existence and interaction of different human activities, both in land and on sea, it is a priority an Integrated Coastal Management (ICM) ensuring their sustainability. In this sense, in the biosphere reserve of the Ebro Delta (NW Mediterranean, Spain), natural ecosystems co-exist with human economic activities. Rice farming is the main activity on the area and is likely to have environmental impacts on coastal areas such as bays, where paddies irrigation channels discharge. Therefore, understanding the interaction between rice farming and the coastal ecosystem is essential for developing an ICM. With this aim, we monitored rice paddies, by using remote sensing data, and macrophytes (seagrass meadows and macroalgae mats) in the Delta-Bay system (Alfacs Bay), as disturbance indicator. Using Sentinel-2 MSI imagery, rice growing dynamics and crop phenology were character...

Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research, 2015

Rice tillering is a crucial stage for yield formation. Deep understanding of the relationship bet... more Rice tillering is a crucial stage for yield formation. Deep understanding of the relationship between tillering dynamics and yield formation in a particular agrosystem is crucial to boost rice productivity. Research on rice tillering is mainly focused on tropical agrosystems whereas less is done in the Mediterranean, with direct water-seeding and <em>Japonica</em> cultivars. This study aims at characterizing tillering dynamics and identifying the main explanatory tillering traits of yield in a Mediterranean rice agrosystem, Ebro Delta (Northern Spain). A temperate <em>Japonica</em> cultivar grown in Spain, Gleva, was utilized. Plants and tillers were tagged to assess emergence and fertility ratios and grain yield; while changes in tillering number over time, yield and yield components for unit area were measured. Plant and tillering dynamics in the Ebro Delta rice fields can be accurately predicted through equations herein provided, which are based either on ...

Rice Science, 2013

Field experiments were conducted in the Ebro Delta area (Spain), from 2007 to 2009 with two rice ... more Field experiments were conducted in the Ebro Delta area (Spain), from 2007 to 2009 with two rice varieties: Gleva and Tebre. The experimental treatments included a series of seed rates, two different water management systems and two different nitrogen fertilization times. The number of leaves on the main stems and their emergence time were periodically tagged. The results indicated that the final leaf number on the main stems in the two rice varieties was quite stable over a three-year period despite of the differences in their respective growth cycles. Interaction between nitrogen fertilization and water management influenced the final leaf number on the main stems. Plant density also had a significant influence on the rate of leaf appearance by extending the phyllochron and postponing the onset of intraspecific competition after the emergence of the 7 th leaf on the main stems. Final leaf number on the main stems was negatively related to plant density. A relationship between leaf appearance and thermal time was established with a strong nonlinear function. In direct-seeded rice, the length of the phyllochron increases exponentially in line with the advance of plant development. A general model, derived from 2-year experimental data, was developed and satisfactorily validated; it had a root mean square error of 0.3 leaf. An exponential model can be used to predict leaf emergence in direct-seeded rice.

Crop Science, 2015

All rights reserved. No part of this periodical may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or b... more All rights reserved. No part of this periodical may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Permission for printing and for reprinting the material contained herein has been obtained by the publisher.