Mallikarjuna Korivi - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Mallikarjuna Korivi

ABSTRACT The medicinal plants represent an enormous reservoir of potential phytochemical compound... more ABSTRACT
The medicinal plants represent an enormous reservoir of potential phytochemical compounds that could be useful as an alternative
to allopathic drugs and are being used to develop Pharma drugs. Phyllanthus niruri has medicinal properties for the effective
management of several aliments including Hepatitis. The present investigation was aimed to focus on the screening of
phytochemical constituents. The present investigation was aimed to focus on the screening of phytochemical constituents,
antibacterial activity of phyllanthus and antibacterial activity of Phyllanthus niruri in aqueous, ethanolic and methanolic extracts. PN
shows Saponins, tannins, flavonoids, steroids, cardiac glycosides etc. Different concentrations of methanol, ethanol and aqueous
extracts were used for antibacterial activity. Maximum zone of inhibition was observed in 30% w/v Methanolic extract than other
extracts. Different extracts of P.niruri has the medicinally useful secondary metabolites and also act as antibacterial agent on various
bacterial strains. The presence of these phytochemicals in PN can act as the therapeutic agents and they are responsible for free
radical scavenging and antibacterial activity.
Keywords: Antibacterial activity, Phyllanthus niruri, Phytochemical screening.

Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, May 1, 2012

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, 2016

Hericium erinaceus (HE) is an edible mushroom that has been shown to exhibit anticancer and anti-... more Hericium erinaceus (HE) is an edible mushroom that has been shown to exhibit anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities. We investigated the antiangiogenic and antioxidant potentials of ethanol extracts of HE in human endothelial (EA.hy926) cells upon tumor necrosis factor-α- (TNF-α-) stimulation (10 ng/mL). The underlying molecular mechanisms behind the pharmacological efficacies were elucidated. We found that noncytotoxic concentrations of HE (50-200 μg/mL) significantly inhibited TNF-α-induced migration/invasion and capillary-like tube formation of endothelial cells. HE treatment suppressed TNF-α-induced activity and/or overexpression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1). Furthermore, HE downregulated TNF-α-induced nuclear translocation and transcriptional activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) followed by suppression of I-κB (inhibitor-κB) degradation. Data from fluorescence microscopy illustrated that increased intracellular ROS production upon TNF-α-stimulation was remarkably inhibited by HE pretreatment in a dose-dependent manner. Notably, HE triggered antioxidant gene expressions of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase (γ-GCLC), and glutathione levels, which may contribute to inhibition of ROS. Increased antioxidant status was associated with upregulated nuclear translocation and transcriptional activation of NF-E2 related factor-2 (Nrf2) in HE treated cells. Our findings conclude that antiangiogenic and anti-inflammatory activities of H. erinaceus may contribute to its anticancer property through modulation of MMP-9/NF-κB and Nrf2-antioxidant signaling pathways.

The Chinese Journal of Physiology, Apr 30, 2011

Diabetes is characterized by elevated blood glucose levels and disturbed homeostasis of metabolic... more Diabetes is characterized by elevated blood glucose levels and disturbed homeostasis of metabolic enzymes in whole-body. This study aimed to investigate the effect of ginger administration on altered blood glucose levels, intra- and extra-mitochondrial enzymes and tissue injuries in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Wistar strain rats (n = 30) were equally divided into 5 groups: normal control (NC), ginger treated (Gt, 200 mg/kg b.w. orally/30 days), diabetic control (DC, 50 mg/kg b.w.), diabetic plus ginger treated (D + Gt) and diabetic plus glibenclamide treated (D + Gli) groups. We found highly elevated blood glucose levels in the diabetic group, and the glucose levels were significantly (P < 0.001) lowered by ginger administration. Activities of intra- and extra-mitochondrial enzymes such as glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), malate dehydrogenase (MDH) and glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) were significantly (P < 0.01) decreased in the kidneys of the diabetic rats, while this was significantly reversed by 30 days of ginger treatment. We also observed consistent renal tissue damages in the diabetic rats; however, these injuries recovered in the ginger-treated diabetic rats as shown in histopathological studies. In this study, we demonstrated that an ethanolic extract of ginger could lower the blood glucose levels as well as improve activities of intra- and extra-mitochondrial enzymes in diabetic rats. Our results suggest that ginger extracts could be used as a nephro-protective supplement particularly to reverse diabetic-induced complications.

Biochimica et biophysica acta, Jan 5, 2015

Coenzyme Q (CoQ) analogs with variable number of isoprenoid units have been demonstrated as anti-... more Coenzyme Q (CoQ) analogs with variable number of isoprenoid units have been demonstrated as anti-inflammatory and antioxidant/pro-oxidant molecules. In this study we used CoQ0 (2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone, zero isoprenoid side-chains), a novel quinone derivative, and investigated its molecular actions against LPS-induced inflammation and redox imbalance in murine RAW264.7 macrophages and mice. In LPS-stimulated macrophages, non-cytotoxic concentrations of CoQ0 (2.5-10μM) inhibited iNOS/COX-2 protein expressions with subsequent reductions of NO, PGE2, TNF-α and IL-1β secretions. This inhibition was reasoned by suppression of NFκB (p65) activation, and inhibition of AP-1 (c-Jun., c-Fos, ATF2) translocation. Our findings indicated that IKKα-mediated I-κB degradation and MAPK-signaling are involved in regulation of NFκB/AP-1 activation. Furthermore, CoQ0 triggered HO-1 and NQO-1 genes through increased Nrf2 nuclear translocation and Nrf2/ARE-signaling. This phenomenon was co...

The Chinese journal of physiology, Jan 31, 2014

Impaired antioxidant system and structural changes in hippocampus are considered as key instigato... more Impaired antioxidant system and structural changes in hippocampus are considered as key instigators of neurodegenerative diseases. The present study aimed to investigate the antioxidant and tissue protective properties of Bacopa monniera whole-plant extract (BME) against aluminum (Al)- induced oxidative stress and hippocampus damage in rats. Male Wistar rats were evenly divided into four groups, nine in each and labeled as control, Al treated (10 mg/kg), BME administered (40 mg/kg) and combination of both Al plus BME (Al+BME) treated groups. After one month of treatment by oral administration, antioxidant status was determined, and structural changes in the hippocampus were evaluated by electron microscopy. Al-induced increased oxidative damage in the hippocampus was revealed by elevated thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). This increased lipid peroxidation was associated with significantly decreased antioxidant enzyme activities, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), cata...

Biochemical pharmacology, 2015

Various coenzyme Q (CoQ) analogs have been reported as anti-inflammatory and antioxidant substanc... more Various coenzyme Q (CoQ) analogs have been reported as anti-inflammatory and antioxidant substances. However, coenzyme Q0 (CoQ0, 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone), a novel quinone derivative, has not been well studied for its pharmacological efficacies, and its response to cytokine stimulation remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated the potential anti-angiogenic properties of CoQ0 in human endothelial (EA.hy 926) cells against tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) stimulation. We found that the non-cytotoxic concentrations of CoQ0 (2.5-10μM) significantly suppressed the TNF-α-induced migration/invasion and tube formation abilities of endothelial cells. CoQ0 suppressed TNF-α-induced activity and protein expressions of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) followed by an abridged adhesion of U937 leukocytes to endothelial cells. CoQ0 treatment remarkably downregulated TNF-α-induced nuclear translocation and transcriptional activation of...

The goal of this study was to distinguish the impact of regular treadmill running on age-induced ... more The goal of this study was to distinguish the impact of regular treadmill running on age-induced altered lipid profiles in different skeletal muscle fiber types of rats. Wistar strain male albino rats of two age groups, young (3 months, n = 12) and aged/old (18 months, n = 12) were divided into two groups such as, control (Con) and exercise trained (ExT; 23 m/min, 30 min/day, 5 days/ week for 12-week). After completion of the last training session, lipid metabolic profiles, including total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), phospholipids and malondialdehyde (MDA, lipid peroxidation marker) levels were monitored in soleus (SOL), red gastrocnemius (RG) and white gastrocnemius (WG) muscle fibers of rat. The TC, TG and MDA contents were significantly (P < 0.05) increased with advancement of age, while, phospholipid content was decreased with age in all muscle fiber types. However, here we found significantly (P < 0.05) decreased TC and TG levels, and increased phospholipid contents after treadmill exercise in all muscle fiber types of aged rats. The decreased TC content was more in young muscles (WG 31%), and the increased phospholipid content was more in old muscles fibers after treadmill running compared to their respective counter age group rats. However, increased MDA levels in old muscle fibers (SOL-132.13 ± 2, RG-129 ± 2 and WG-147 ± 2.5 µmoles/g) were not attenuated by exercise training (SOL-151 ± 2.4, RG-148 ± 2.7 and WG-157 ± 3 µmoles/g) in this study. These results demonstrated that decreased TC and TG, and increased phospholipid contents by regular treadmill running might be beneficial to counteract the age-associated malfunctions in different muscle fiber types and also avoid the musculoskeletal disorders in aged rats.

Journal of Functional Foods, 2015

ABSTRACT

The Chinese journal of physiology

The main goal of this study was to investigate the long-term effect of daily 8-hour mild intermit... more The main goal of this study was to investigate the long-term effect of daily 8-hour mild intermittent hypoxia (14-15% O2) on glucose tolerance and muscle morphology of Sprague-Dawley rats. The involvement of AMPK-PGC-1alpha-VEGF signaling pathways in the skeletal muscle was also determined during the first 8 hours of hypoxia. We found that mRNA levels of VEGF and PGC-1alpha were significantly increased above control after 8-h mild hypoxia without a change in AMPK phosphorylation. After 8 weeks of mild intermittent hypoxia treatment, plasma glucose and insulin levels in oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), epididymal fat mass, and body weight were significantly lower compared to the control group. While soleus muscle weight was not changed, capillary and fiber densities in the hypoxia group were 33% and 35% above the control suggesting reorganization of muscle fibers. In conclusion, our data provide strong evidence that long-term mild intermittent hypoxia decreases the diffusion dista...

Free radical biology & medicine, Jan 27, 2015

UVA irradiation-induced skin damage and redox imbalance have been shown to be ameliorated by ergo... more UVA irradiation-induced skin damage and redox imbalance have been shown to be ameliorated by ergothioneine (EGT), a naturally occurring sulfur-containing amino acid. However, the responsible molecular mechanism with nanomolar concentrations of EGT remains unclear. We investigated the dermato protective efficacies of EGT (125-500nM) against UVA irradiation (15J/cm(2)), and elucidated the underlying molecular mechanism in human keratinocyte-derived HaCaT cells. We found that EGT treatment prior to UVA exposure significantly increased the cell viability and prevented lactate dehydrogenase release into the medium. UVA-induced ROS and comet-like DNA formation were remarkably suppressed by EGT with a parallel inhibition of apoptosis, as evidenced by reduced DNA fragmentation (TUNEL), caspase-9/-3 activation, and Bcl-2/Bax dysregulation. Furthermore, EGT alleviated UVA-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. Dose-dependent increases of antioxidant genes, HO-1, NQO-1, and γ-GCLC and glutathione ...

Journal of Functional Foods, 2015

ABSTRACT This study investigated the dermato-protective effects of lucidone, a cyclopentenedione ... more ABSTRACT This study investigated the dermato-protective effects of lucidone, a cyclopentenedione from Lindera erythrocarpa dried fruits, against UVA-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in human keratinocytes (HaCaT). Pre-treatment with lucidone (1–4 µM) significantly protects keratinocytes from UVA (15 J/cm2)-induced cell death, excessive ROS generation, LDH release, lipid peroxidation, and DNA damage. Notably, lucidone inhibited the UVA-induced apoptosis of HaCaT cells as measured by a reduction of DNA fragmentation, mitochondria dysfunction, and Bcl-2/Bax dysregulation. Furthermore, antioxidant potential of lucidone was directly correlated with the induction of antioxidant genes, including HO-1, NQO-1, and γ-GCLC by transcriptional activation of Nrf2. Treatment with hydrogen peroxide showed cellular byproducts of UVA irradiation-induced cell death, LDH release, and ROS generation, but these phenomena were inhibited by pre-treatment of lucidone. Besides, in Nrf2 knock-down cells, lucidone failed to protect UVA-induced oxidative stress or cell death. Our findings suggest that lucidone is capable of protecting skin cells from UVA-irradiated damage.

Adaptive Medicine, 2010

Angiogenesis, formation of new blood vessel from the pre-existing vessel is crucial for cell surv... more Angiogenesis, formation of new blood vessel from the pre-existing vessel is crucial for cell survival in tissues. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays a predominant role in angiogenesis. Altered angiogenic factors results to impair the angiogenesis process that leads to various pathological conditions in aging. Previous findings on age-induced alterations in VEGF signaling and other angiogenic factors are inconsistent. Changes in VEGF and other angiogenic factors shift the homeostasis between stimulation and inhibition in angiogenesis. Earlier studies demonstrated that age-related impaired angiogenesis in different tissues can be reversed, to some extent, by exercise training. In this review, we emphasized the effect of exercise on VEGF family and other angiogenic factors, and the possible mechanism underlying to such adaptive response was also described. Age-related change in VEGF action takes part in the developments of cardiovascular disease, neuromuscular disorders and skeletal muscle damage. Exercise training has been shown to reverse the age-associated deteriorations, which suggest that exercise is essential to maintain the good quality life at any age.

Background/purpose: Chronic inflammation and improper liver function play an important role in in... more Background/purpose: Chronic inflammation and improper liver function play an important role in insulin sensitivity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the smoking habit on insulin sensitivity among young college athletes. Methods: In this study, total 552 nonsmokers and 98 current smokers (8.4±0.7 cigarette per day) athletes were recruited. Indices of glucose metabolism [glucose, insulin, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c)], inflammation (white blood cells, WBC) and liver damage [(alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) ] were measured. Results: We found that gender-, alcohol consumption- and age-adjusted insulin, HOMA-IR (homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance), HOMA-β (homeostasis model assessment β-cell function) and white blood cell number in smokers were higher than nonsmokers. We also found that smoking habit is positively associated with serum insulin, HOMA-IR, HOMA-β, HbA1c and white blood cell numbers and negatively associated with QU...

The goal of this study was to distinguish the impact of regular treadmill running on age-induced ... more The goal of this study was to distinguish the impact of regular treadmill running on age-induced altered lipid profiles in different skeletal muscle fiber types of rats. Wistar strain male albino rats of two age groups, young (3 months, n = 12) and aged/old (18 months, n = 12) were divided into two groups such as, control (Con) and exercise trained (ExT; 23 m/min, 30 min/day, 5 days/ week for 12-week). After completion of the last training session, lipid metabolic profiles, including total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), phospholipids and malondialdehyde (MDA, lipid peroxidation marker) levels were monitored in soleus (SOL), red gastrocnemius(RG) and white gastrocnemius (WG) muscle fibers of rat. The TC, TG and MDA contents were significantly (P< 0.05) increased with advancement of age, while, phospholipid content was decreased with age in all muscle fiber types. However, here we found significantly (P<0.05) decreased TC and TG levels, and increased phospholipid contents...

Journal of sports sciences, 2015

Present study examined the effects of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) supplementation on glycogen ... more Present study examined the effects of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) supplementation on glycogen resynthesis in exercised human skeletal muscle. Twelve male participants completed a cross-over trial with CLA (3.8 g/day for 8 week) or placebo supplements by separation of 8 weeks. CLA is a mixture of trans-10 cis-12 and cis-9 trans-11 isomers (50:50). On experiment day, all participants performed 60-min cycling exercise at 75% VO2 max, then consumed a carbohydrate meal immediately after exercise and recovered for 3 h. Biopsied muscle samples from vastus lateralis were obtained immediately (0 h) and 3 h following exercise. Simultaneously, blood and gaseous samples were collected for every 30 min during 3-h recovery. Results showed significantly increased muscle glycogen content with CLA after a single bout of exercise (P < 0.05). Muscle glucose transporter type 4 expression was significantly elevated immediately after exercise, and this elevation was continued until 3 h after exerci...

Journal of applied toxicology : JAT, 2015

Hair cells are highly sensitive to environmental insults and other therapeutic drugs. The adverse... more Hair cells are highly sensitive to environmental insults and other therapeutic drugs. The adverse effects of drugs such as aminoglycosides can cause hair cell death and lead to hearing loss and imbalance. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the protective activity of L-ascorbic acid, N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and apocynin on neomycin-induced hair cell damage in zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae at 5 days post fertilization (dpf). Results showed that the loss of hair cells within the neuromasts of the lateral lines after neomycin exposure was evidenced by a significantly lower number of neuromasts labeled with fluorescent dye FM1-43FX observed under a microscope. Co-administration with L-ascorbic acid, NAC and apocynin protected neomycin-induced hair cell loss within the neuromasts. Moreover, these three compounds reduced the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in neuromasts exposed to neomycin, indicating that their antioxidant action is involved. In contrast, the n...

Indian journal of experimental biology, 2010

Superoxide dismutase, ascorbic acid, glutathione and uric acid levels were decreased and xanthine... more Superoxide dismutase, ascorbic acid, glutathione and uric acid levels were decreased and xanthine oxidase, glutathione-s-transferase activities were increased in alcohol treated (2 g/kg body weight, once daily for 30 days) group. However, treatment with ethanolic extract of ginger (100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg body weight, po, once daily for 30 days) these parameters came to normalcy showing the antioxidant effect of ginger. The antioxidant compounds of ginger may modulate the oxidative stress parameters. The biochemical findings were supplemented by histopathological examination of the kidney. Severe congestion and degenerative changes in tubules in alcohol treated rats were restored by ginger extract treatment. The results confirm the renal protective effect of ginger in alcohol treated rats.

ABSTRACT The medicinal plants represent an enormous reservoir of potential phytochemical compound... more ABSTRACT
The medicinal plants represent an enormous reservoir of potential phytochemical compounds that could be useful as an alternative
to allopathic drugs and are being used to develop Pharma drugs. Phyllanthus niruri has medicinal properties for the effective
management of several aliments including Hepatitis. The present investigation was aimed to focus on the screening of
phytochemical constituents. The present investigation was aimed to focus on the screening of phytochemical constituents,
antibacterial activity of phyllanthus and antibacterial activity of Phyllanthus niruri in aqueous, ethanolic and methanolic extracts. PN
shows Saponins, tannins, flavonoids, steroids, cardiac glycosides etc. Different concentrations of methanol, ethanol and aqueous
extracts were used for antibacterial activity. Maximum zone of inhibition was observed in 30% w/v Methanolic extract than other
extracts. Different extracts of P.niruri has the medicinally useful secondary metabolites and also act as antibacterial agent on various
bacterial strains. The presence of these phytochemicals in PN can act as the therapeutic agents and they are responsible for free
radical scavenging and antibacterial activity.
Keywords: Antibacterial activity, Phyllanthus niruri, Phytochemical screening.

Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, May 1, 2012

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, 2016

Hericium erinaceus (HE) is an edible mushroom that has been shown to exhibit anticancer and anti-... more Hericium erinaceus (HE) is an edible mushroom that has been shown to exhibit anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities. We investigated the antiangiogenic and antioxidant potentials of ethanol extracts of HE in human endothelial (EA.hy926) cells upon tumor necrosis factor-α- (TNF-α-) stimulation (10 ng/mL). The underlying molecular mechanisms behind the pharmacological efficacies were elucidated. We found that noncytotoxic concentrations of HE (50-200 μg/mL) significantly inhibited TNF-α-induced migration/invasion and capillary-like tube formation of endothelial cells. HE treatment suppressed TNF-α-induced activity and/or overexpression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1). Furthermore, HE downregulated TNF-α-induced nuclear translocation and transcriptional activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) followed by suppression of I-κB (inhibitor-κB) degradation. Data from fluorescence microscopy illustrated that increased intracellular ROS production upon TNF-α-stimulation was remarkably inhibited by HE pretreatment in a dose-dependent manner. Notably, HE triggered antioxidant gene expressions of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase (γ-GCLC), and glutathione levels, which may contribute to inhibition of ROS. Increased antioxidant status was associated with upregulated nuclear translocation and transcriptional activation of NF-E2 related factor-2 (Nrf2) in HE treated cells. Our findings conclude that antiangiogenic and anti-inflammatory activities of H. erinaceus may contribute to its anticancer property through modulation of MMP-9/NF-κB and Nrf2-antioxidant signaling pathways.

The Chinese Journal of Physiology, Apr 30, 2011

Diabetes is characterized by elevated blood glucose levels and disturbed homeostasis of metabolic... more Diabetes is characterized by elevated blood glucose levels and disturbed homeostasis of metabolic enzymes in whole-body. This study aimed to investigate the effect of ginger administration on altered blood glucose levels, intra- and extra-mitochondrial enzymes and tissue injuries in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Wistar strain rats (n = 30) were equally divided into 5 groups: normal control (NC), ginger treated (Gt, 200 mg/kg b.w. orally/30 days), diabetic control (DC, 50 mg/kg b.w.), diabetic plus ginger treated (D + Gt) and diabetic plus glibenclamide treated (D + Gli) groups. We found highly elevated blood glucose levels in the diabetic group, and the glucose levels were significantly (P < 0.001) lowered by ginger administration. Activities of intra- and extra-mitochondrial enzymes such as glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), malate dehydrogenase (MDH) and glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) were significantly (P < 0.01) decreased in the kidneys of the diabetic rats, while this was significantly reversed by 30 days of ginger treatment. We also observed consistent renal tissue damages in the diabetic rats; however, these injuries recovered in the ginger-treated diabetic rats as shown in histopathological studies. In this study, we demonstrated that an ethanolic extract of ginger could lower the blood glucose levels as well as improve activities of intra- and extra-mitochondrial enzymes in diabetic rats. Our results suggest that ginger extracts could be used as a nephro-protective supplement particularly to reverse diabetic-induced complications.

Biochimica et biophysica acta, Jan 5, 2015

Coenzyme Q (CoQ) analogs with variable number of isoprenoid units have been demonstrated as anti-... more Coenzyme Q (CoQ) analogs with variable number of isoprenoid units have been demonstrated as anti-inflammatory and antioxidant/pro-oxidant molecules. In this study we used CoQ0 (2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone, zero isoprenoid side-chains), a novel quinone derivative, and investigated its molecular actions against LPS-induced inflammation and redox imbalance in murine RAW264.7 macrophages and mice. In LPS-stimulated macrophages, non-cytotoxic concentrations of CoQ0 (2.5-10μM) inhibited iNOS/COX-2 protein expressions with subsequent reductions of NO, PGE2, TNF-α and IL-1β secretions. This inhibition was reasoned by suppression of NFκB (p65) activation, and inhibition of AP-1 (c-Jun., c-Fos, ATF2) translocation. Our findings indicated that IKKα-mediated I-κB degradation and MAPK-signaling are involved in regulation of NFκB/AP-1 activation. Furthermore, CoQ0 triggered HO-1 and NQO-1 genes through increased Nrf2 nuclear translocation and Nrf2/ARE-signaling. This phenomenon was co...

The Chinese journal of physiology, Jan 31, 2014

Impaired antioxidant system and structural changes in hippocampus are considered as key instigato... more Impaired antioxidant system and structural changes in hippocampus are considered as key instigators of neurodegenerative diseases. The present study aimed to investigate the antioxidant and tissue protective properties of Bacopa monniera whole-plant extract (BME) against aluminum (Al)- induced oxidative stress and hippocampus damage in rats. Male Wistar rats were evenly divided into four groups, nine in each and labeled as control, Al treated (10 mg/kg), BME administered (40 mg/kg) and combination of both Al plus BME (Al+BME) treated groups. After one month of treatment by oral administration, antioxidant status was determined, and structural changes in the hippocampus were evaluated by electron microscopy. Al-induced increased oxidative damage in the hippocampus was revealed by elevated thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). This increased lipid peroxidation was associated with significantly decreased antioxidant enzyme activities, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), cata...

Biochemical pharmacology, 2015

Various coenzyme Q (CoQ) analogs have been reported as anti-inflammatory and antioxidant substanc... more Various coenzyme Q (CoQ) analogs have been reported as anti-inflammatory and antioxidant substances. However, coenzyme Q0 (CoQ0, 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone), a novel quinone derivative, has not been well studied for its pharmacological efficacies, and its response to cytokine stimulation remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated the potential anti-angiogenic properties of CoQ0 in human endothelial (EA.hy 926) cells against tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) stimulation. We found that the non-cytotoxic concentrations of CoQ0 (2.5-10μM) significantly suppressed the TNF-α-induced migration/invasion and tube formation abilities of endothelial cells. CoQ0 suppressed TNF-α-induced activity and protein expressions of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) followed by an abridged adhesion of U937 leukocytes to endothelial cells. CoQ0 treatment remarkably downregulated TNF-α-induced nuclear translocation and transcriptional activation of...

The goal of this study was to distinguish the impact of regular treadmill running on age-induced ... more The goal of this study was to distinguish the impact of regular treadmill running on age-induced altered lipid profiles in different skeletal muscle fiber types of rats. Wistar strain male albino rats of two age groups, young (3 months, n = 12) and aged/old (18 months, n = 12) were divided into two groups such as, control (Con) and exercise trained (ExT; 23 m/min, 30 min/day, 5 days/ week for 12-week). After completion of the last training session, lipid metabolic profiles, including total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), phospholipids and malondialdehyde (MDA, lipid peroxidation marker) levels were monitored in soleus (SOL), red gastrocnemius (RG) and white gastrocnemius (WG) muscle fibers of rat. The TC, TG and MDA contents were significantly (P < 0.05) increased with advancement of age, while, phospholipid content was decreased with age in all muscle fiber types. However, here we found significantly (P < 0.05) decreased TC and TG levels, and increased phospholipid contents after treadmill exercise in all muscle fiber types of aged rats. The decreased TC content was more in young muscles (WG 31%), and the increased phospholipid content was more in old muscles fibers after treadmill running compared to their respective counter age group rats. However, increased MDA levels in old muscle fibers (SOL-132.13 ± 2, RG-129 ± 2 and WG-147 ± 2.5 µmoles/g) were not attenuated by exercise training (SOL-151 ± 2.4, RG-148 ± 2.7 and WG-157 ± 3 µmoles/g) in this study. These results demonstrated that decreased TC and TG, and increased phospholipid contents by regular treadmill running might be beneficial to counteract the age-associated malfunctions in different muscle fiber types and also avoid the musculoskeletal disorders in aged rats.

Journal of Functional Foods, 2015

ABSTRACT

The Chinese journal of physiology

The main goal of this study was to investigate the long-term effect of daily 8-hour mild intermit... more The main goal of this study was to investigate the long-term effect of daily 8-hour mild intermittent hypoxia (14-15% O2) on glucose tolerance and muscle morphology of Sprague-Dawley rats. The involvement of AMPK-PGC-1alpha-VEGF signaling pathways in the skeletal muscle was also determined during the first 8 hours of hypoxia. We found that mRNA levels of VEGF and PGC-1alpha were significantly increased above control after 8-h mild hypoxia without a change in AMPK phosphorylation. After 8 weeks of mild intermittent hypoxia treatment, plasma glucose and insulin levels in oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), epididymal fat mass, and body weight were significantly lower compared to the control group. While soleus muscle weight was not changed, capillary and fiber densities in the hypoxia group were 33% and 35% above the control suggesting reorganization of muscle fibers. In conclusion, our data provide strong evidence that long-term mild intermittent hypoxia decreases the diffusion dista...

Free radical biology & medicine, Jan 27, 2015

UVA irradiation-induced skin damage and redox imbalance have been shown to be ameliorated by ergo... more UVA irradiation-induced skin damage and redox imbalance have been shown to be ameliorated by ergothioneine (EGT), a naturally occurring sulfur-containing amino acid. However, the responsible molecular mechanism with nanomolar concentrations of EGT remains unclear. We investigated the dermato protective efficacies of EGT (125-500nM) against UVA irradiation (15J/cm(2)), and elucidated the underlying molecular mechanism in human keratinocyte-derived HaCaT cells. We found that EGT treatment prior to UVA exposure significantly increased the cell viability and prevented lactate dehydrogenase release into the medium. UVA-induced ROS and comet-like DNA formation were remarkably suppressed by EGT with a parallel inhibition of apoptosis, as evidenced by reduced DNA fragmentation (TUNEL), caspase-9/-3 activation, and Bcl-2/Bax dysregulation. Furthermore, EGT alleviated UVA-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. Dose-dependent increases of antioxidant genes, HO-1, NQO-1, and γ-GCLC and glutathione ...

Journal of Functional Foods, 2015

ABSTRACT This study investigated the dermato-protective effects of lucidone, a cyclopentenedione ... more ABSTRACT This study investigated the dermato-protective effects of lucidone, a cyclopentenedione from Lindera erythrocarpa dried fruits, against UVA-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in human keratinocytes (HaCaT). Pre-treatment with lucidone (1–4 µM) significantly protects keratinocytes from UVA (15 J/cm2)-induced cell death, excessive ROS generation, LDH release, lipid peroxidation, and DNA damage. Notably, lucidone inhibited the UVA-induced apoptosis of HaCaT cells as measured by a reduction of DNA fragmentation, mitochondria dysfunction, and Bcl-2/Bax dysregulation. Furthermore, antioxidant potential of lucidone was directly correlated with the induction of antioxidant genes, including HO-1, NQO-1, and γ-GCLC by transcriptional activation of Nrf2. Treatment with hydrogen peroxide showed cellular byproducts of UVA irradiation-induced cell death, LDH release, and ROS generation, but these phenomena were inhibited by pre-treatment of lucidone. Besides, in Nrf2 knock-down cells, lucidone failed to protect UVA-induced oxidative stress or cell death. Our findings suggest that lucidone is capable of protecting skin cells from UVA-irradiated damage.

Adaptive Medicine, 2010

Angiogenesis, formation of new blood vessel from the pre-existing vessel is crucial for cell surv... more Angiogenesis, formation of new blood vessel from the pre-existing vessel is crucial for cell survival in tissues. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays a predominant role in angiogenesis. Altered angiogenic factors results to impair the angiogenesis process that leads to various pathological conditions in aging. Previous findings on age-induced alterations in VEGF signaling and other angiogenic factors are inconsistent. Changes in VEGF and other angiogenic factors shift the homeostasis between stimulation and inhibition in angiogenesis. Earlier studies demonstrated that age-related impaired angiogenesis in different tissues can be reversed, to some extent, by exercise training. In this review, we emphasized the effect of exercise on VEGF family and other angiogenic factors, and the possible mechanism underlying to such adaptive response was also described. Age-related change in VEGF action takes part in the developments of cardiovascular disease, neuromuscular disorders and skeletal muscle damage. Exercise training has been shown to reverse the age-associated deteriorations, which suggest that exercise is essential to maintain the good quality life at any age.

Background/purpose: Chronic inflammation and improper liver function play an important role in in... more Background/purpose: Chronic inflammation and improper liver function play an important role in insulin sensitivity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the smoking habit on insulin sensitivity among young college athletes. Methods: In this study, total 552 nonsmokers and 98 current smokers (8.4±0.7 cigarette per day) athletes were recruited. Indices of glucose metabolism [glucose, insulin, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c)], inflammation (white blood cells, WBC) and liver damage [(alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) ] were measured. Results: We found that gender-, alcohol consumption- and age-adjusted insulin, HOMA-IR (homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance), HOMA-β (homeostasis model assessment β-cell function) and white blood cell number in smokers were higher than nonsmokers. We also found that smoking habit is positively associated with serum insulin, HOMA-IR, HOMA-β, HbA1c and white blood cell numbers and negatively associated with QU...

The goal of this study was to distinguish the impact of regular treadmill running on age-induced ... more The goal of this study was to distinguish the impact of regular treadmill running on age-induced altered lipid profiles in different skeletal muscle fiber types of rats. Wistar strain male albino rats of two age groups, young (3 months, n = 12) and aged/old (18 months, n = 12) were divided into two groups such as, control (Con) and exercise trained (ExT; 23 m/min, 30 min/day, 5 days/ week for 12-week). After completion of the last training session, lipid metabolic profiles, including total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), phospholipids and malondialdehyde (MDA, lipid peroxidation marker) levels were monitored in soleus (SOL), red gastrocnemius(RG) and white gastrocnemius (WG) muscle fibers of rat. The TC, TG and MDA contents were significantly (P< 0.05) increased with advancement of age, while, phospholipid content was decreased with age in all muscle fiber types. However, here we found significantly (P<0.05) decreased TC and TG levels, and increased phospholipid contents...

Journal of sports sciences, 2015

Present study examined the effects of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) supplementation on glycogen ... more Present study examined the effects of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) supplementation on glycogen resynthesis in exercised human skeletal muscle. Twelve male participants completed a cross-over trial with CLA (3.8 g/day for 8 week) or placebo supplements by separation of 8 weeks. CLA is a mixture of trans-10 cis-12 and cis-9 trans-11 isomers (50:50). On experiment day, all participants performed 60-min cycling exercise at 75% VO2 max, then consumed a carbohydrate meal immediately after exercise and recovered for 3 h. Biopsied muscle samples from vastus lateralis were obtained immediately (0 h) and 3 h following exercise. Simultaneously, blood and gaseous samples were collected for every 30 min during 3-h recovery. Results showed significantly increased muscle glycogen content with CLA after a single bout of exercise (P < 0.05). Muscle glucose transporter type 4 expression was significantly elevated immediately after exercise, and this elevation was continued until 3 h after exerci...

Journal of applied toxicology : JAT, 2015

Hair cells are highly sensitive to environmental insults and other therapeutic drugs. The adverse... more Hair cells are highly sensitive to environmental insults and other therapeutic drugs. The adverse effects of drugs such as aminoglycosides can cause hair cell death and lead to hearing loss and imbalance. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the protective activity of L-ascorbic acid, N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and apocynin on neomycin-induced hair cell damage in zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae at 5 days post fertilization (dpf). Results showed that the loss of hair cells within the neuromasts of the lateral lines after neomycin exposure was evidenced by a significantly lower number of neuromasts labeled with fluorescent dye FM1-43FX observed under a microscope. Co-administration with L-ascorbic acid, NAC and apocynin protected neomycin-induced hair cell loss within the neuromasts. Moreover, these three compounds reduced the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in neuromasts exposed to neomycin, indicating that their antioxidant action is involved. In contrast, the n...

Indian journal of experimental biology, 2010

Superoxide dismutase, ascorbic acid, glutathione and uric acid levels were decreased and xanthine... more Superoxide dismutase, ascorbic acid, glutathione and uric acid levels were decreased and xanthine oxidase, glutathione-s-transferase activities were increased in alcohol treated (2 g/kg body weight, once daily for 30 days) group. However, treatment with ethanolic extract of ginger (100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg body weight, po, once daily for 30 days) these parameters came to normalcy showing the antioxidant effect of ginger. The antioxidant compounds of ginger may modulate the oxidative stress parameters. The biochemical findings were supplemented by histopathological examination of the kidney. Severe congestion and degenerative changes in tubules in alcohol treated rats were restored by ginger extract treatment. The results confirm the renal protective effect of ginger in alcohol treated rats.