Manoj Kumar - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Manoj Kumar

Research paper thumbnail of Toll-like receptors: a growing family of immune receptors that are differentially expressed and regulated by different leukocytes

Toll is a Drosophila gene essential for ontogenesis and antimicrobial resistance. Several hortolo... more Toll is a Drosophila gene essential for ontogenesis and antimicrobial resistance. Several hortologues of Toll have been identified and cloned in vertebrates, namely Toll-like receptors (TLR). Human TLR are a growing family of molecules involved in innate immunity. TLR are structurally characterized by a cytoplasmic Toll/interleukin-1R (TIR) domain and by extracellular leucine-rich repeats. TLR characterized so far activate the MyD88/IRAK signaling cascade, which bifurcates and leads to NF-B and c-Jun/ATF2/TCF activation. Genetic, gene transfer, and dominant-negative approaches have involved TLR family members (TLR2 and TLR4) in lipopolysaccharide recognition and signaling. Accumulating evidence suggests that some TLR molecules are also involved in signaling receptor complexes that recognize components of gram-positive bacteria and mycobacteria. However, the definitive role of other TLR is still lacking. A systematic approach has been used to determine whether different human leukocyte populations selectively or specifically expressed TLR mRNA. Based on expression pattern, TLR can be classified as ubiquitous (TLR1), restricted (TLR2, TLR4, and TLR5), and specific (TLR3). Expression and regulation of distinct though overlapping ligand recognition patterns may underlie the existence of a numerous, seemingly redundant, TLR family. Alternately, the expression of a TLR in a single cell type may indicate a specific role for this molecule in a restricted setting. J. Leukoc. Biol. 67: 450-456; 2000.

Research paper thumbnail of Measuring Parallelism in Computation-Intensive Scientific/Engineering Applications

IEEE Transactions on Computers, 1988

Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of total choline from in-vivo volume localized proton MR spectroscopy and its response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in locally advanced breast cancer

British Journal of Cancer, 2001

Breast cancer is the commonest cancer among women the world over. In India, the reported age adju... more Breast cancer is the commonest cancer among women the world over. In India, the reported age adjusted incidence of breast cancer in women is about 26.7/1 00 000 population (NCRP, 1992). Unlike the West, in India, majority of the patients (about 60%) present with locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) or disseminated disease . In LABC, the treatment policy followed at most centres, is neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) followed by surgery and local or locoregional radiotherapy. The response to NACT is assessed by clinical evaluation and supplemented by radiological measurement of reduction in tumour volume by mammography and/or ultra sonography. None of the currently available indicators of response (clinical and radiological) correlate well with the actual response as assessed on histopathological examination of the tumour.

Research paper thumbnail of The commercial production of chemicals using pathway engineering

Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta-protein Structure and Molecular Enzymology, 2000

Integration of metabolic pathway engineering and fermentation production technologies is necessar... more Integration of metabolic pathway engineering and fermentation production technologies is necessary for the successful commercial production of chemicals. The`toolbox' to do pathway engineering is ever expanding to enable mining of biodiversity, to maximize productivity, enhance carbon efficiency, improve product purity, expand product lines, and broaden markets. Functional genomics, proteomics, fluxomics, and physiomics are complementary to pathway engineering, and their successful applications are bound to multiply product turnover per cell, channel carbon efficiently, shrink the size of factories (i.e., reduce steel in the ground), and minimize product development cycle times to bring products to market. ß

Research paper thumbnail of NE-26 Learning Multi-Boosted HMMs for Lip-Password

This paper proposes a concept of lip motion password (simply called lip-password hereinafter), wh... more This paper proposes a concept of lip motion password (simply called lip-password hereinafter), which is composed of a password embedded in the lip movement and the underlying characteristic of lip motion. It provides a double security to a visual speaker verification system, where the speaker is verified by both of the private password information and the underlying behavioral biometrics of lip motions simultaneously. Accordingly, the target speaker saying the wrong password or an impostor who knows the correct password will be detected and rejected. To this end, we shall present a multi-boosted Hidden Markov model (HMM) learning approach to such a system. Initially, we extract a group of representative visual features to characterize each lip frame. Then, an effective lip motion segmentation algorithm is addressed to segment the lip-password sequence into a small set of distinguishable subunits. Subsequently, we integrate HMMs with boosting learning framework associated with a random subspace method and data sharing scheme to formulate a precise decision boundary for these subunits verification, featuring on high discrimination power. Finally, the lip-password, whether spoken by the target speaker with the pre-registered password or not, is identified based on all the subunit verification results learned from multi-boosted HMMs. The experimental results show that the proposed approach performs favorably compared with the state-of-the-art methods.

Research paper thumbnail of Toll-like receptors: a growing family of immune receptors that are differentially expressed and regulated by different leukocytes

Toll is a Drosophila gene essential for ontogenesis and antimicrobial resistance. Several hortolo... more Toll is a Drosophila gene essential for ontogenesis and antimicrobial resistance. Several hortologues of Toll have been identified and cloned in vertebrates, namely Toll-like receptors (TLR). Human TLR are a growing family of molecules involved in innate immunity. TLR are structurally characterized by a cytoplasmic Toll/interleukin-1R (TIR) domain and by extracellular leucine-rich repeats. TLR characterized so far activate the MyD88/IRAK signaling cascade, which bifurcates and leads to NF-B and c-Jun/ATF2/TCF activation. Genetic, gene transfer, and dominant-negative approaches have involved TLR family members (TLR2 and TLR4) in lipopolysaccharide recognition and signaling. Accumulating evidence suggests that some TLR molecules are also involved in signaling receptor complexes that recognize components of gram-positive bacteria and mycobacteria. However, the definitive role of other TLR is still lacking. A systematic approach has been used to determine whether different human leukocyte populations selectively or specifically expressed TLR mRNA. Based on expression pattern, TLR can be classified as ubiquitous (TLR1), restricted (TLR2, TLR4, and TLR5), and specific (TLR3). Expression and regulation of distinct though overlapping ligand recognition patterns may underlie the existence of a numerous, seemingly redundant, TLR family. Alternately, the expression of a TLR in a single cell type may indicate a specific role for this molecule in a restricted setting. J. Leukoc. Biol. 67: 450-456; 2000.

Research paper thumbnail of Measuring Parallelism in Computation-Intensive Scientific/Engineering Applications

IEEE Transactions on Computers, 1988

Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of total choline from in-vivo volume localized proton MR spectroscopy and its response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in locally advanced breast cancer

British Journal of Cancer, 2001

Breast cancer is the commonest cancer among women the world over. In India, the reported age adju... more Breast cancer is the commonest cancer among women the world over. In India, the reported age adjusted incidence of breast cancer in women is about 26.7/1 00 000 population (NCRP, 1992). Unlike the West, in India, majority of the patients (about 60%) present with locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) or disseminated disease . In LABC, the treatment policy followed at most centres, is neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) followed by surgery and local or locoregional radiotherapy. The response to NACT is assessed by clinical evaluation and supplemented by radiological measurement of reduction in tumour volume by mammography and/or ultra sonography. None of the currently available indicators of response (clinical and radiological) correlate well with the actual response as assessed on histopathological examination of the tumour.

Research paper thumbnail of The commercial production of chemicals using pathway engineering

Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta-protein Structure and Molecular Enzymology, 2000

Integration of metabolic pathway engineering and fermentation production technologies is necessar... more Integration of metabolic pathway engineering and fermentation production technologies is necessary for the successful commercial production of chemicals. The`toolbox' to do pathway engineering is ever expanding to enable mining of biodiversity, to maximize productivity, enhance carbon efficiency, improve product purity, expand product lines, and broaden markets. Functional genomics, proteomics, fluxomics, and physiomics are complementary to pathway engineering, and their successful applications are bound to multiply product turnover per cell, channel carbon efficiently, shrink the size of factories (i.e., reduce steel in the ground), and minimize product development cycle times to bring products to market. ß

Research paper thumbnail of NE-26 Learning Multi-Boosted HMMs for Lip-Password

This paper proposes a concept of lip motion password (simply called lip-password hereinafter), wh... more This paper proposes a concept of lip motion password (simply called lip-password hereinafter), which is composed of a password embedded in the lip movement and the underlying characteristic of lip motion. It provides a double security to a visual speaker verification system, where the speaker is verified by both of the private password information and the underlying behavioral biometrics of lip motions simultaneously. Accordingly, the target speaker saying the wrong password or an impostor who knows the correct password will be detected and rejected. To this end, we shall present a multi-boosted Hidden Markov model (HMM) learning approach to such a system. Initially, we extract a group of representative visual features to characterize each lip frame. Then, an effective lip motion segmentation algorithm is addressed to segment the lip-password sequence into a small set of distinguishable subunits. Subsequently, we integrate HMMs with boosting learning framework associated with a random subspace method and data sharing scheme to formulate a precise decision boundary for these subunits verification, featuring on high discrimination power. Finally, the lip-password, whether spoken by the target speaker with the pre-registered password or not, is identified based on all the subunit verification results learned from multi-boosted HMMs. The experimental results show that the proposed approach performs favorably compared with the state-of-the-art methods.