Marc Abadie - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Marc Abadie

The ClimACT project has been developed under the priority axis “Low Carbon Economy” of the Interr... more The ClimACT project has been developed under the priority axis “Low Carbon Economy” of the Interreg SUDOE program. It aims to support the transition to a low carbon economy in schools. Environmental audits addressing energy and water consumptions, waste management, travels to school, procurements and green spaces have been carried out in 38 pilots schools of Portugal, Spain, France and Gibraltar. Indoor air quality and ventilation measurements were also achieved. The concentrations of 9 aldehydes and 10 selected VOCs were measured from passive sampling in two classrooms of each school. In addition, TVOC, CO2, CO, PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations were monitored for a period of 2 days or 1 week in French schools. Of all the individual VOCs and aldehydes investigated, only formaldehyde exhibit some concentrations over the guideline. On the other hand, PM10, PM2.5, CO2 and TVOC concentrations during the class hours are over the guidelines in 64%, 45%, 43% and 20% of classrooms, respectivel...

Energy and Buildings, Oct 1, 2017

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Jul 22, 2018

E3S web of conferences, 2019

Home represents an important part of the time spent indoors and is the emblematic place of a fami... more Home represents an important part of the time spent indoors and is the emblematic place of a family need, e.g. well-being, comfort and safety. In France, health agencies provide information and raise the awareness of the public on health risks and on factors likely to affect the quality of indoor air. However, indoor air quality remains difficult to assess for health investigators. A solution would be to resort to field measurements, but they are expensive and hard to apply to a large-scale population when considering the numerous pollutants found indoors. Therefore, numerical simulation represents a good alternative when accurate and realistic input data are used. We already designed such a model of a dwelling prototype using a type 98 coupling procedure between CONTAM (airflow rates and pollutants concentration determination) and TRNSYS (thermal and moisture calculation). We paid a lot of attention to the details that we thought were important: dwelling multi-zonal representation, envelope airtightness, ventilation system elements (pressure driven inlet and outlet, ducts, fan characteristics), presence of furniture, people activity and location… Nevertheless, the design of this simulation requires a very specific care. This very last point naturally induces a debate: is it necessary to design the simulation to be as accurate and realistic as it actually is, or will a simpler model provide similar results? In this study, we aim to answer that question by evaluating the sensitivity of the ULR-IAQ multipollutant index, defined in a previous study, to different levels of modelling complexity.

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Nov 1, 2020

International Journal of Ventilation, May 31, 2019

In the Framework of the IEA EBC Annex68 Subtask 1 working subject, we aimed at defining an indoor... more In the Framework of the IEA EBC Annex68 Subtask 1 working subject, we aimed at defining an indoor air quality index for residential buildings based on long-and short-term exposure limit values. This paper compares 8 indoor air quality indices (IEI, LHVP, CLIM2000, BILGA, GAPI, IEI Taiwan, QUAD-BBC and DALY) by using the French IAQ Observatory database that includes pollutant concentration measurements performed in 567 dwellings between 2003 and 2005. This comparison allows to make a relevant analysis of each index and determines their pros and cons i.e. the calculation method, selected pollutants, threshold concentrations, sub-indices and their aggregation. From this analysis, a new index is proposed in order to be as consistent as possible in regards of health impacts by taking both long-and short-term exposure limit values into account.

Large indoor volumes and lightweight materials characterize low-rise commercial buildings. Therma... more Large indoor volumes and lightweight materials characterize low-rise commercial buildings. Thermal and visual comfort is a commercial issue usually solved with air conditioning and artificial lightings. This could be considered in the building envelope design itself, throughout a passive building design. These envelopes are characterized by high thermal interactions of ground floor and roof surface to environment. In order to optimize energy performance and passive thermal strategies, several parameters have been selected: thermal insulation of various walls, natural ventilation, roof radiative characteristics, windows and skylights surfaces. The proposed optimization process has been developed considering both mitigation objectives of energy consumption and summer thermal discomfort. Moreover, we consider here all French climates, with passive cooling only for summer, and climate change effects. Using NSGA-II optimization algorithm, this study points out that optimal solutions depe...

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific r... more HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés. Cool roof and natural ventilation for UHI mitigation and indoor comfort – cooling indicators for a commercial building Madi Kaboré, Emmanuel Bozonnet, Patrick Salagnac, Marc Abadie, Rémi Perrin

Building and Environment, 2020

This study presents a fast and nonintrusive in situ methodology to characterise the Volatile Orga... more This study presents a fast and nonintrusive in situ methodology to characterise the Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) fluxes of contaminated sites and to quantify their intrusion into future buildings built on these sites. It could be used to conduct exhaustive ground pre-characterisation and indoor air assessments for future on-site buildings. The methodology involved the use of a specific apparatus called the "experimental box", representing convective and diffusive transfers of soil gas pollutants into buildings, to quantify an equivalent homogeneous concentration of the contaminant in the soil gas. Furthermore, this equivalent homogeneous concentration was used to quantify the indoor air pollutant concentration in a future building using an analytical transfer model associated with a numerical ventilation model. This methodology was applied on an experimental site. A critical analysis highlights its interest as a powerful complementary tool to constitute complementary support for decision-making methods and for human health risk assessment.

This paper aims to present the elaboration of a device able to modify the airtightness of a test ... more This paper aims to present the elaboration of a device able to modify the airtightness of a test House. This project has been conducted with three Master student groups in the framework of their research projects from 2015 to 2017. The TIPEE IEQ test House, comprising of two floors and eight rooms, is dedicated to the study of Indoor Air Quality (IAQ), thermal comfort and energy consumption. Its envelope has been designed to reach an airtightness target slightly lower than the French Energy Efficiency Standard RT2012 requirement for dwellings i.e. Q4 Pa value equals to 0.5 m/h.m (n50 = 1.2 ACH). The role of the new device, called Building Airtightness Modifier (BAM) in this paper, is to allow the experimental researchers to adapt the envelope airtightness of the test house (or part of it) in a gradually fashion from the lower value of 0.5 to about 2 m/h.m. The main objective here is to evaluate the influence of envelope airtightness on IAQ and heating/cooling/ventilation system effi...

This paper presents the initial reflections in the frame of Subtask 1 – Setting the Metrics of th... more This paper presents the initial reflections in the frame of Subtask 1 – Setting the Metrics of the IEA EBC Annex 68 – Indoor Air Quality Design and Control in Low Energy Residential Buildings. The first step of IEA Annex 68 aims at summarizing the current knowledge on target pollutants for residential buildings and at evaluating indoor air quality (IAQ), i.e. how to define indices that provide useful information allowing to achieve low risks for health in indoor spaces, and how to enable the comparison of solutions for achieving high IAQ taking into account energy efficiency. At this stage of the project, there is no single definition of the metric that would allow meeting these objectives. However, the potential elements of such definition presented in this paper regarding both IAQ and energy indices will be further investigated in the course of the project.

Energy and Built Environment, 2020

This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the ad... more This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.

Healthy, Intelligent and Resilient Buildings and Urban Environments, 2018

Energy and Buildings, 2007

Building energy analyses are very sensitive to external convective heat transfer coefficients so ... more Building energy analyses are very sensitive to external convective heat transfer coefficients so that some researchers have conducted sensitivity calculations and proved that depending on the choice of those coefficients, energy demands estimation values can vary from 20% to 40%. In this context, computational fluid dynamics calculations have been performed to predict convective heat transfer coefficients at the external surfaces of a simple shape low-rise building. Effects of wind velocity and orientation have been analyzed considering four surface-to-air temperature differences. Results show that the convective heat transfer coefficient value strongly depends on the wind velocity, that the wind direction has a notable effect for vertical walls and for roofs and that the surface-to-air temperature difference has a negligible effect for wind velocity higher than 2 m/s. External convective heat transfer coefficient correlations are provided as a function of the wind free stream velocity and wind-to-surface angle.

Building and Environment, 2009

Indoor moisture management, which means keeping the indoor relative humidity (RH) at correct leve... more Indoor moisture management, which means keeping the indoor relative humidity (RH) at correct levels, is very important for whole building performance in terms of indoor air quality (IAQ), energy performance and durability of the building. In this study, the effect of combining a relative-humiditysensitive (RHS) ventilation system with indoor moisture buffering materials was investigated. Four comprehensive heat-air-moisture (HAM) simulation tools were used to analyse the performance of different moisture management strategies in terms of IAQ and of energy efficiency. Despite some differences in results, a good agreement was found and similar trends were detected from the results, using the four different simulation tools. The results from simulations demonstrate that RHS ventilation reduces the spread between the minimum and maximum values of the RH in the indoor air and generates energy savings. Energy savings are achieved while keeping the RH at target level, not allowing for possible risk of condensations. The disadvantage of this type of demand controlled-ventilation is that other pollutants (such as CO 2) may exceed target values. This study also confirmed that the use of moisture-buffering materials is a very efficient way to reduce the amplitude of daily moisture variations. It was possible, by the combined effect of ventilation and wood as buffering material, to keep the indoor RH at a very stable level.

Eleventh International IBPSA …, Jul 27, 2009

The objective of this work is to evaluate the quality of the predictions of the indoor airflow be... more The objective of this work is to evaluate the quality of the predictions of the indoor airflow behaviour by the zonal method in comparison to the CFD results. The isothermal airflow of the International Energy Agency Annex 20 test cell was chosen to perform the proposed comparative analysis. This cell represents a rectangular room where the air is supplied horizontally on the upper left and is exhausted through an opening located on the lower right on the opposite side. Results are presented in terms of dimensionless mean velocity between zones considering different zonal grid schemes of the indoor environment.