Marc Delorme - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Marc Delorme
Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity
Santé mentale au Québec, Sep 11, 2007
Ce document est protégé par la loi sur le droit d'auteur. L'utilisation des services d'Érudit (y ... more Ce document est protégé par la loi sur le droit d'auteur. L'utilisation des services d'Érudit (y compris la reproduction) est assujettie à sa politique d'utilisation que vous pouvez consulter en ligne.
Les auteurs rapportent trois nouveaux cas d'hyponatremie par intoxication a l'eau. De nom... more Les auteurs rapportent trois nouveaux cas d'hyponatremie par intoxication a l'eau. De nombreuses parutions font etat de ce syndrome, mais sa physiopathologie reste encore peu connue. Il est evoque une polydipsie chronique associee a un syndrome de secretion inappropriee d'hormone antidiuretique
Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity
Abstarct Purpose Anorexia Nervosa (AN) is a severe chronic disorder and parents’ experience of ca... more Abstarct Purpose Anorexia Nervosa (AN) is a severe chronic disorder and parents’ experience of caregiving is usually marked by emotional distress and burden. Severe chronic psychiatric disorders are known to be linked with the concept of grief. Grief has not been investigated in AN. The aim of this study was to explore parents’ and adolescents’ characteristics that may be related to parental burden and grief in AN, and the link between these two dimensions. Methods Eighty mothers, 55 fathers and their adolescents (N = 84) hospitalized for AN participated in this study. Evaluations of clinical characteristics of the adolescent’s illness were completed, as well as self-evaluations of adolescent and parental emotional distress (anxiety, depression, alexithymia). Levels of parental burden were evaluated with the Experience of Caregiving Inventory and levels of parental grief with the Mental Illness Version of the Texas Revised Inventory of Grief. Results Main findings indicated that t...
The aim of this thesis is to analyze connections between eating disorders and deliberate self-har... more The aim of this thesis is to analyze connections between eating disorders and deliberate self-harm at the teenagers and the young adults. Two main eating disorders : the anorexia and the bulimia will be presented in term of definition, epidemiology, co-morbidity, evolution and forecast as well as the deliberate self-harm for which will be specified the various definitions, the epidemiology, the risk factors, the co-morbidity, the evoluton, the neurobiological and genetic approaches as well as the models of psychopathology. Finally, the links between eating disorders and deliberate self-harm will be deepened from a review of the literature but also through a clinical study of 30 patients suffering from eating disorders. Eating disorders are disorders touching more and more the teenagers and the young adults. The anorexia and the bulimia develop in industrial nations with this particular gravity that the evolutionary process is often dark. The suicide is the second cause of mortality ...
![Research paper thumbnail of [The impact of suicide on the caregiver]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/89155909/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Santé mentale au Québec, 1994
Suicide ("the killing of one's self") raises one crucial question: what does the ma... more Suicide ("the killing of one's self") raises one crucial question: what does the manifest desire of death bring out in oneself and in others? For those providing care and support who are confronted with the voluntary death of a client or patient, the question is particularly difficult to address. Using the story of a suicide in an institution, the authors reveal the nature of defense mechanisms at play within the group of caregivers. Whether it be a traumatic daze, denial, guilt or depression, these individual and collective reactions to the event hinder the mourning process and threaten cohesion within the institution. Members of an "institution in crisis" must try to relieve their tensions by refraining from withdrawal, banalities, being haunted by suicide and implementing pseudo-solutions. The purpose of such an exercise is especially to avoid the cancellation or displacement of necessary thought process about the origins, implications and consequences of ...
Adolescence, 1999
Le rapport a la mort de jeunes patients hospitalises dans un contexte de crise centre sur les con... more Le rapport a la mort de jeunes patients hospitalises dans un contexte de crise centre sur les conduites d’agir, en particulier suicidaires, est ici interroge. Dans l’apres coup de l’evenement, l’idee, la representation consciente de la mort, basculent du registre imaginaire tout-puissant au registre symbolique a valeur structurante. La saisie de l’evenement externe par le sujet, semble instaurer la discontinuite necessaire au renoncement a l’omnipotence narcissique pubertaire et a l’instauration d’instances ideales plus souples et mieux adaptees au monde adulte, ainsi qu’a l’appropriation d’un Surmoi protecteur. La levee du clivage fonctionnel sous l’effet d’un evenement externe marquant, permet ce basculement qui donne acces a la symbolisation et a l’elaboration de ce qui peut etre des lors traite comme une problematique de la castration, dans le travail analytique qui peut s’engager du fait de cette ouverture.
Santé mentale au Québec, 1994
Adolescence, 2017
The author will try to show that transmission, identifications, subjectivation, feeling of identi... more The author will try to show that transmission, identifications, subjectivation, feeling of identity, identity suffering and pathological manifestations are registers that appear to be related in complex and sometimes paradoxical ways. Should not the various forms of identity construction in adolescence be considered along with today’s “civilization and its discontents”?
Adolescence, 2017
L’auteur cherche a mettre en evidence que transmission, identifications, subjectivation, sentimen... more L’auteur cherche a mettre en evidence que transmission, identifications, subjectivation, sentiment d’identite, souffrance identitaire et manifestations pathologiques sont autant de registres qui semblent lies par des rapports complexes et parfois paradoxaux. Les diverses formes de la construction identitaire a l’adolescence, ne doivent-elle pas se concevoir avec « l’actuel malaise dans la culture » ?
BMC Psychiatry, 2016
Background: Patients with severe Anorexia Nervosa (AN) whose condition is life-threatening or who... more Background: Patients with severe Anorexia Nervosa (AN) whose condition is life-threatening or who are not receiving adequate ambulatory care are hospitalized. However, 40 % of these patients leave the hospital prematurely, without reaching the target weight set in the treatment plan, and this can compromise outcome. This study set out to explore factors predictive of dropout from hospital treatment among patients with AN, in the hope of identifying relevant therapeutic targets. Methods: From 2009 to 2011, 180 women hospitalized for AN (DSM-IV diagnosis) in 10 centres across France were divided into two groups: those under 18 years (when the decision to discharge belongs to the parents) and those aged 18 years and over (when the patient can legally decide to leave the hospital). Both groups underwent clinical assessment using the Morgan & Russell Global Outcome State questionnaire and the Eating Disorders Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q) for assessment of eating disorder symptoms and outcome. Psychological aspects were assessed via the evaluation of anxiety and depression using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Socio-demographic data were also collected. A number of factors identified in previous research as predictive of dropout from hospital treatment were tested using stepwise descending Cox regressions. Results: We found that factors predictive of dropout varied according to age groups (being under 18 as opposed to 18 and over). For participants under 18, predictive factors were living in a single-parent family, severe intake restriction as measured on the "dietary restriction" subscale of the Morgan & Russell scale, and a low patient-reported score on the EDE-Q "restraint concerns" subscale. For those over 18, dropout was predicted from a low depression score on the HADS, low level of concern about weight on the EDE-Q subscale, and lower educational status. Conclusion: To prevent dropout from hospitalization for AN, the appropriate therapeutic measures vary according to whether patients are under or over 18 years of age. Besides the therapeutic adjustments required in view of the factors identified, the high dropout rate raises the issue of resorting more frequently to compulsory care measures among adults.
Psychoneuroendocrinology, 2014
Depressive, anxiety and obsessive symptoms frequently co-occur with anorexia nervosa (AN). The re... more Depressive, anxiety and obsessive symptoms frequently co-occur with anorexia nervosa (AN). The relationship between these clinical manifestations and the biological changes caused by starvation is not well understood. It has been hypothesised that reduced availability of tryptophan (TRP) could reduce serotonin activity and thus trigger these comorbid symptoms. The aim of this study, during re-feeding in individuals with AN, was to analyse covariations across measures of nutritional status, depressive and anxiety symptoms, and peripheral serotonin markers. Depressive and anxiety symptoms, nutritional status and serotonin markers--whole blood serotonin content, plasma TRP and the ratio between TRP and large neutral amino acids--were assessed for 42 AN participants at admission to inpatient treatment and after re-feeding. Biological measures were compared to those obtained in 42 non-eating disordered subjects. For those with AN, psychological, nutritional and biological parameters improved significantly during hospitalisation. Levels of serotonin markers were significantly lower in the AN group compared to the control group, at admission and at discharge. Increase in the TRP/LNAA ratio was correlated with a decrease in depressive symptoms. In addition, there was a positive correlation between serotonin levels and symptoms of both anxiety and depression at discharge. We speculate that enhanced TRP availability during re-feeding, as a result of the increase in the TRP/LNAA ratio, could restore serotonin neurotransmission and lead to a decrease in depressive symptoms. The association between serotonin and anxiety and depressive symptoms would be consistent with numerous observations indicating abnormal functioning of the serotoninergic system in AN.
Santé mentale au Québec, 1994
Montréal. Il a pour mission la promotion et la valorisation de la recherche. Érudit offre des ser... more Montréal. Il a pour mission la promotion et la valorisation de la recherche. Érudit offre des services d'édition numérique de documents scientifiques depuis 1998. Note : les règles d'écriture des références bibliographiques peuvent varier selon les différents domaines du savoir.
Psychoneuroendocrinology, 2014
Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity
Santé mentale au Québec, Sep 11, 2007
Ce document est protégé par la loi sur le droit d'auteur. L'utilisation des services d'Érudit (y ... more Ce document est protégé par la loi sur le droit d'auteur. L'utilisation des services d'Érudit (y compris la reproduction) est assujettie à sa politique d'utilisation que vous pouvez consulter en ligne.
Les auteurs rapportent trois nouveaux cas d'hyponatremie par intoxication a l'eau. De nom... more Les auteurs rapportent trois nouveaux cas d'hyponatremie par intoxication a l'eau. De nombreuses parutions font etat de ce syndrome, mais sa physiopathologie reste encore peu connue. Il est evoque une polydipsie chronique associee a un syndrome de secretion inappropriee d'hormone antidiuretique
Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity
Abstarct Purpose Anorexia Nervosa (AN) is a severe chronic disorder and parents’ experience of ca... more Abstarct Purpose Anorexia Nervosa (AN) is a severe chronic disorder and parents’ experience of caregiving is usually marked by emotional distress and burden. Severe chronic psychiatric disorders are known to be linked with the concept of grief. Grief has not been investigated in AN. The aim of this study was to explore parents’ and adolescents’ characteristics that may be related to parental burden and grief in AN, and the link between these two dimensions. Methods Eighty mothers, 55 fathers and their adolescents (N = 84) hospitalized for AN participated in this study. Evaluations of clinical characteristics of the adolescent’s illness were completed, as well as self-evaluations of adolescent and parental emotional distress (anxiety, depression, alexithymia). Levels of parental burden were evaluated with the Experience of Caregiving Inventory and levels of parental grief with the Mental Illness Version of the Texas Revised Inventory of Grief. Results Main findings indicated that t...
The aim of this thesis is to analyze connections between eating disorders and deliberate self-har... more The aim of this thesis is to analyze connections between eating disorders and deliberate self-harm at the teenagers and the young adults. Two main eating disorders : the anorexia and the bulimia will be presented in term of definition, epidemiology, co-morbidity, evolution and forecast as well as the deliberate self-harm for which will be specified the various definitions, the epidemiology, the risk factors, the co-morbidity, the evoluton, the neurobiological and genetic approaches as well as the models of psychopathology. Finally, the links between eating disorders and deliberate self-harm will be deepened from a review of the literature but also through a clinical study of 30 patients suffering from eating disorders. Eating disorders are disorders touching more and more the teenagers and the young adults. The anorexia and the bulimia develop in industrial nations with this particular gravity that the evolutionary process is often dark. The suicide is the second cause of mortality ...
Santé mentale au Québec, 1994
Suicide ("the killing of one's self") raises one crucial question: what does the ma... more Suicide ("the killing of one's self") raises one crucial question: what does the manifest desire of death bring out in oneself and in others? For those providing care and support who are confronted with the voluntary death of a client or patient, the question is particularly difficult to address. Using the story of a suicide in an institution, the authors reveal the nature of defense mechanisms at play within the group of caregivers. Whether it be a traumatic daze, denial, guilt or depression, these individual and collective reactions to the event hinder the mourning process and threaten cohesion within the institution. Members of an "institution in crisis" must try to relieve their tensions by refraining from withdrawal, banalities, being haunted by suicide and implementing pseudo-solutions. The purpose of such an exercise is especially to avoid the cancellation or displacement of necessary thought process about the origins, implications and consequences of ...
Adolescence, 1999
Le rapport a la mort de jeunes patients hospitalises dans un contexte de crise centre sur les con... more Le rapport a la mort de jeunes patients hospitalises dans un contexte de crise centre sur les conduites d’agir, en particulier suicidaires, est ici interroge. Dans l’apres coup de l’evenement, l’idee, la representation consciente de la mort, basculent du registre imaginaire tout-puissant au registre symbolique a valeur structurante. La saisie de l’evenement externe par le sujet, semble instaurer la discontinuite necessaire au renoncement a l’omnipotence narcissique pubertaire et a l’instauration d’instances ideales plus souples et mieux adaptees au monde adulte, ainsi qu’a l’appropriation d’un Surmoi protecteur. La levee du clivage fonctionnel sous l’effet d’un evenement externe marquant, permet ce basculement qui donne acces a la symbolisation et a l’elaboration de ce qui peut etre des lors traite comme une problematique de la castration, dans le travail analytique qui peut s’engager du fait de cette ouverture.
Santé mentale au Québec, 1994
Adolescence, 2017
The author will try to show that transmission, identifications, subjectivation, feeling of identi... more The author will try to show that transmission, identifications, subjectivation, feeling of identity, identity suffering and pathological manifestations are registers that appear to be related in complex and sometimes paradoxical ways. Should not the various forms of identity construction in adolescence be considered along with today’s “civilization and its discontents”?
Adolescence, 2017
L’auteur cherche a mettre en evidence que transmission, identifications, subjectivation, sentimen... more L’auteur cherche a mettre en evidence que transmission, identifications, subjectivation, sentiment d’identite, souffrance identitaire et manifestations pathologiques sont autant de registres qui semblent lies par des rapports complexes et parfois paradoxaux. Les diverses formes de la construction identitaire a l’adolescence, ne doivent-elle pas se concevoir avec « l’actuel malaise dans la culture » ?
BMC Psychiatry, 2016
Background: Patients with severe Anorexia Nervosa (AN) whose condition is life-threatening or who... more Background: Patients with severe Anorexia Nervosa (AN) whose condition is life-threatening or who are not receiving adequate ambulatory care are hospitalized. However, 40 % of these patients leave the hospital prematurely, without reaching the target weight set in the treatment plan, and this can compromise outcome. This study set out to explore factors predictive of dropout from hospital treatment among patients with AN, in the hope of identifying relevant therapeutic targets. Methods: From 2009 to 2011, 180 women hospitalized for AN (DSM-IV diagnosis) in 10 centres across France were divided into two groups: those under 18 years (when the decision to discharge belongs to the parents) and those aged 18 years and over (when the patient can legally decide to leave the hospital). Both groups underwent clinical assessment using the Morgan & Russell Global Outcome State questionnaire and the Eating Disorders Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q) for assessment of eating disorder symptoms and outcome. Psychological aspects were assessed via the evaluation of anxiety and depression using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Socio-demographic data were also collected. A number of factors identified in previous research as predictive of dropout from hospital treatment were tested using stepwise descending Cox regressions. Results: We found that factors predictive of dropout varied according to age groups (being under 18 as opposed to 18 and over). For participants under 18, predictive factors were living in a single-parent family, severe intake restriction as measured on the "dietary restriction" subscale of the Morgan & Russell scale, and a low patient-reported score on the EDE-Q "restraint concerns" subscale. For those over 18, dropout was predicted from a low depression score on the HADS, low level of concern about weight on the EDE-Q subscale, and lower educational status. Conclusion: To prevent dropout from hospitalization for AN, the appropriate therapeutic measures vary according to whether patients are under or over 18 years of age. Besides the therapeutic adjustments required in view of the factors identified, the high dropout rate raises the issue of resorting more frequently to compulsory care measures among adults.
Psychoneuroendocrinology, 2014
Depressive, anxiety and obsessive symptoms frequently co-occur with anorexia nervosa (AN). The re... more Depressive, anxiety and obsessive symptoms frequently co-occur with anorexia nervosa (AN). The relationship between these clinical manifestations and the biological changes caused by starvation is not well understood. It has been hypothesised that reduced availability of tryptophan (TRP) could reduce serotonin activity and thus trigger these comorbid symptoms. The aim of this study, during re-feeding in individuals with AN, was to analyse covariations across measures of nutritional status, depressive and anxiety symptoms, and peripheral serotonin markers. Depressive and anxiety symptoms, nutritional status and serotonin markers--whole blood serotonin content, plasma TRP and the ratio between TRP and large neutral amino acids--were assessed for 42 AN participants at admission to inpatient treatment and after re-feeding. Biological measures were compared to those obtained in 42 non-eating disordered subjects. For those with AN, psychological, nutritional and biological parameters improved significantly during hospitalisation. Levels of serotonin markers were significantly lower in the AN group compared to the control group, at admission and at discharge. Increase in the TRP/LNAA ratio was correlated with a decrease in depressive symptoms. In addition, there was a positive correlation between serotonin levels and symptoms of both anxiety and depression at discharge. We speculate that enhanced TRP availability during re-feeding, as a result of the increase in the TRP/LNAA ratio, could restore serotonin neurotransmission and lead to a decrease in depressive symptoms. The association between serotonin and anxiety and depressive symptoms would be consistent with numerous observations indicating abnormal functioning of the serotoninergic system in AN.
Santé mentale au Québec, 1994
Montréal. Il a pour mission la promotion et la valorisation de la recherche. Érudit offre des ser... more Montréal. Il a pour mission la promotion et la valorisation de la recherche. Érudit offre des services d'édition numérique de documents scientifiques depuis 1998. Note : les règles d'écriture des références bibliographiques peuvent varier selon les différents domaines du savoir.
Psychoneuroendocrinology, 2014