Marc Gameroff - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Marc Gameroff

Research paper thumbnail of Altered Dentate Gyrus Microstructure in Individuals at High Familial Risk for Depression Predicts Future Symptoms

Biological Psychiatry: Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, 2021

Research paper thumbnail of Trajectories of childhood anxiety disorders in two generations at high risk

Depression and Anxiety, Feb 14, 2020

Research paper thumbnail of Offspring of Depressed Parents: 30 Years Later

American Journal of Psychiatry, Oct 1, 2016

Research paper thumbnail of Major depression, temperament, and social support as psychosocial mechanisms of the intergenerational transmission of parenting styles

Development and Psychopathology, Jun 8, 2021

In this three-generation longitudinal study of familial depression, we investigated the continuit... more In this three-generation longitudinal study of familial depression, we investigated the continuity of parenting styles, and major depressive disorder (MDD), temperament, and social support during childrearing as potential mechanisms. Each generation independently completed the Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI), measuring individuals’ experiences of care and overprotection received from parents during childhood. MDD was assessed prospectively, up to 38 years, using the semi-structured Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (SADS). Social support and temperament were assessed using the Social Adjustment Scale – Self-Report (SAS-SR) and Dimensions of Temperament Scales – Revised, respectively. We first assessed transmission of parenting styles in the generation 1 to generation 2 cycle (G1→G2), including 133 G1 and their 229 G2 children (367 pairs), and found continuity of both care and overprotection. G1 MDD accounted for the association between G1→G2 experiences of care, and G1 social support and temperament moderated the transmission of overprotection. The findings were largely similar when examining these psychosocial mechanisms in 111 G2 and their spouses (G2+S) and their 136 children (G3) (a total of 223 pairs). Finally, in a subsample of families with three successive generations (G1→G2→G3), G2 experiences of overprotection accounted for the association between G1→G3 experiences of overprotection. The results of this study highlight the roles of MDD, temperament, and social support in the intergenerational continuity of parenting, which should be considered in interventions to “break the cycle” of poor parenting practices across generations.

Research paper thumbnail of Concordance of Parent-Offspring Cortico-Basal Ganglia White Matter Connectivity: The Role of Parental Depression and Parent-Child Bonding

Biological Psychiatry, May 1, 2020

Research paper thumbnail of Putamen Structure and Function in Familial Risk for Depression: A Multimodal Imaging Study

Biological Psychiatry, Dec 1, 2022

Research paper thumbnail of Helpful activities during the COVID-19 pandemic: Perceived benefits and actual association with psychiatric symptoms and psychological wellbeing

Journal of Affective Disorders

Research paper thumbnail of Pre- and Post-Pandemic Religiosity and Mental Health Outcomes: A Prospective Study

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

Relatively few studies have prospectively examined the effects of known protective factors, such ... more Relatively few studies have prospectively examined the effects of known protective factors, such as religion, on pandemic-related outcomes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the pre- and post-pandemic trajectories and psychological effects of religious beliefs and religious attendance. Male and female adults (N = 189) reported their beliefs in religious importance (RI) and their religious attendance (RA) both before (T1) and after (T2) the pandemic’s onset. Descriptive and regression analyses were used to track RI and RA from T1 to T2 and to test their effects on psychological outcomes at T1 and T2. The participants who reported a decrease in religious importance and attendance were greater in number than those who reported an increase, with RI (36.5% vs. 5.3%) and RA (34.4% vs. 4.8%). The individuals with decreased RI were less likely to know someone who had died from COVID-19 (O.R. =0.4, p = 0.027). The T1 RI predicted overall social adjustment (p < 0.05) and lower suicidal...

Research paper thumbnail of Putamen Structure and Function in Familial Risk for Depression: A Multimodal Imaging Study

Research paper thumbnail of Dissociating disorders of depression, anxiety, and their comorbidity with measures of emotional processing: A joint analysis of visual brain potentials and auditory perceptual asymmetries

Biological Psychology, 2021

In a multigenerational study of families at risk for depression, individuals with a lifetime hist... more In a multigenerational study of families at risk for depression, individuals with a lifetime history of depression had: 1) abnormal perceptual asymmetry (PA; smaller left ear/right hemisphere [RH] advantage) in a dichotic emotion recognition task, and 2) reduced RH late positive potential (P3RH) during an emotional hemifield task. We used standardized difference scores for processing auditory (PA sad-neutral) and visual (P3RH negative-neutral) stimuli for 112 participants (52 men) in a logistic regression to predict history of depression, anxiety or comorbidity of both. Whereas comorbidity was separately predicted by reduced PA (OR = 0.527, p = .042) or P3RH (OR = 0.457, p = .013) alone, an interaction between PA and P3RH (OR = 2.499, p = .011) predicted depressive disorder. Follow-up analyses revealed increased probability of depression at low (lack of emotional differentiation) and high (heightened reactivity to negative stimuli) levels of both predictors. Findings suggest that reduced or heightened right-lateralized emotional responsivity to negative stimuli may be uniquely associated with depression.

Research paper thumbnail of The effects of the pandemic on mental health in persons with and without a psychiatric history

Psychological Medicine, 2021

BackgroundProspective studies are needed to assess the influence of pre-pandemic risk factors on ... more BackgroundProspective studies are needed to assess the influence of pre-pandemic risk factors on mental health outcomes following the COVID-19 pandemic. From direct interviews prior to (T1), and then in the same individuals after the pandemic onset (T2), we assessed the influence of personal psychiatric history on changes in symptoms and wellbeing.MethodsTwo hundred and four (19–69 years/117 female) individuals from a multigenerational family study were followed clinically up to T1. Psychiatric symptom changes (T1-to-T2), their association with lifetime psychiatric history (no, only-past, and recent psychiatric history), and pandemic-specific worries were investigated.ResultsAt T2 relative to T1, participants with recent psychopathology (in the last 2 years) had significantly fewer depressive (mean, M = 41.7 v. 47.6) and traumatic symptoms (M = 6.6 v. 8.1, p < 0.001), while those with no and only-past psychiatric history had decreased wellbeing (M = 22.6 v. 25.0, p < 0.01). Th...

Research paper thumbnail of Enduring problems in the offspring of depressed parents followed up to 38 years

Research paper thumbnail of Concordance of Parent-Offspring Cortico-Basal Ganglia White Matter Connectivity: The Role of Parental Depression and Parent-Child Bonding

Biological Psychiatry, 2020

Research paper thumbnail of Predicting Depression Symptoms in Families at Risk for Depression: Interrelations of Posterior EEG Alpha and Religion/Spirituality

Journal of Affective Disorders, 2020

Research paper thumbnail of Family Risk for Depression and Prioritization of Religion or Spirituality: Early Neurophysiological Modulations of Motivated Attention

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 2019

Research paper thumbnail of Contribution of religion/spirituality and major depressive disorder to altruism

Journal of Affective Disorders, 2020

Research paper thumbnail of Understanding self-reported importance of religion/spirituality in a North American sample of individuals at risk for familial depression: A principal component analysis

Several studies have shown protective effects between health outcomes and subjective reports of r... more Several studies have shown protective effects between health outcomes and subjective reports of religious/spiritual (R/S) importance, as measured by a single self-report item. In a 3-generation study of individuals at high or low familial risk for depression, R/S importance was found to be protective against depression, as indicated by clinical and neurobiological outcomes. The psychological components underlying these protective effects, however, remain little understood. Hence, to clarify the meaning of answering the R/S importance item, we employed a comprehensive set of validated scales assessing religious beliefs and experiences and exploratory factor analysis to uncover latent R/S constructs that strongly and independently correlated with the single-item measure of R/S importance. A Varimax-rotated principal component analysis (PCA) resulted in a 23-factor solution (Eigenvalue > 1; 71.5% explained variance) with 8 factors that, respectively, accounted for at least 3% of the...

Research paper thumbnail of Adult outcomes of childhood disruptive disorders in offspring of depressed and healthy parents

Journal of Affective Disorders, 2019

Research paper thumbnail of Association of Parent and Offspring Religiosity With Offspring Suicide Ideation and Attempts

JAMA psychiatry, Jan 8, 2018

Previous studies have shown an inverse association between offspring religiosity and suicidal ide... more Previous studies have shown an inverse association between offspring religiosity and suicidal ideation/attempts, but the association of parent religiosity on offspring suicidal ideation/attempts has not been examined. To examine associations of parent and offspring religiosity with suicide ideation and attempts in offspring. The study is based on offspring (generation 3) from a 3-generation family study at New York State Psychiatric Institute and Columbia University, in which generations 2 and 3 were defined as being at high risk or low risk for major depressive disorder because of the presence or absence of major depressive disorder in generation 1. The association between suicidal behaviors (ideation/attempts) and parent and offspring religiosity in generation 3 offspring aged 6 to 18 years (214 offspring from 112 nuclear families) was examined. Parents' psychiatric diagnoses and suicidal behaviors were assessed with the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia, and ...

Research paper thumbnail of 1.51 30-Year Follow-Up of Children and Adolescents With Disruptive Disorder: PSYCHIATRIC, GENERAL HEALTH, DEMOGRAPHIC, AND SOCIAL FUNCTIONING OUTCOMES

Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 2016

Research paper thumbnail of Altered Dentate Gyrus Microstructure in Individuals at High Familial Risk for Depression Predicts Future Symptoms

Biological Psychiatry: Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, 2021

Research paper thumbnail of Trajectories of childhood anxiety disorders in two generations at high risk

Depression and Anxiety, Feb 14, 2020

Research paper thumbnail of Offspring of Depressed Parents: 30 Years Later

American Journal of Psychiatry, Oct 1, 2016

Research paper thumbnail of Major depression, temperament, and social support as psychosocial mechanisms of the intergenerational transmission of parenting styles

Development and Psychopathology, Jun 8, 2021

In this three-generation longitudinal study of familial depression, we investigated the continuit... more In this three-generation longitudinal study of familial depression, we investigated the continuity of parenting styles, and major depressive disorder (MDD), temperament, and social support during childrearing as potential mechanisms. Each generation independently completed the Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI), measuring individuals’ experiences of care and overprotection received from parents during childhood. MDD was assessed prospectively, up to 38 years, using the semi-structured Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (SADS). Social support and temperament were assessed using the Social Adjustment Scale – Self-Report (SAS-SR) and Dimensions of Temperament Scales – Revised, respectively. We first assessed transmission of parenting styles in the generation 1 to generation 2 cycle (G1→G2), including 133 G1 and their 229 G2 children (367 pairs), and found continuity of both care and overprotection. G1 MDD accounted for the association between G1→G2 experiences of care, and G1 social support and temperament moderated the transmission of overprotection. The findings were largely similar when examining these psychosocial mechanisms in 111 G2 and their spouses (G2+S) and their 136 children (G3) (a total of 223 pairs). Finally, in a subsample of families with three successive generations (G1→G2→G3), G2 experiences of overprotection accounted for the association between G1→G3 experiences of overprotection. The results of this study highlight the roles of MDD, temperament, and social support in the intergenerational continuity of parenting, which should be considered in interventions to “break the cycle” of poor parenting practices across generations.

Research paper thumbnail of Concordance of Parent-Offspring Cortico-Basal Ganglia White Matter Connectivity: The Role of Parental Depression and Parent-Child Bonding

Biological Psychiatry, May 1, 2020

Research paper thumbnail of Putamen Structure and Function in Familial Risk for Depression: A Multimodal Imaging Study

Biological Psychiatry, Dec 1, 2022

Research paper thumbnail of Helpful activities during the COVID-19 pandemic: Perceived benefits and actual association with psychiatric symptoms and psychological wellbeing

Journal of Affective Disorders

Research paper thumbnail of Pre- and Post-Pandemic Religiosity and Mental Health Outcomes: A Prospective Study

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

Relatively few studies have prospectively examined the effects of known protective factors, such ... more Relatively few studies have prospectively examined the effects of known protective factors, such as religion, on pandemic-related outcomes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the pre- and post-pandemic trajectories and psychological effects of religious beliefs and religious attendance. Male and female adults (N = 189) reported their beliefs in religious importance (RI) and their religious attendance (RA) both before (T1) and after (T2) the pandemic’s onset. Descriptive and regression analyses were used to track RI and RA from T1 to T2 and to test their effects on psychological outcomes at T1 and T2. The participants who reported a decrease in religious importance and attendance were greater in number than those who reported an increase, with RI (36.5% vs. 5.3%) and RA (34.4% vs. 4.8%). The individuals with decreased RI were less likely to know someone who had died from COVID-19 (O.R. =0.4, p = 0.027). The T1 RI predicted overall social adjustment (p < 0.05) and lower suicidal...

Research paper thumbnail of Putamen Structure and Function in Familial Risk for Depression: A Multimodal Imaging Study

Research paper thumbnail of Dissociating disorders of depression, anxiety, and their comorbidity with measures of emotional processing: A joint analysis of visual brain potentials and auditory perceptual asymmetries

Biological Psychology, 2021

In a multigenerational study of families at risk for depression, individuals with a lifetime hist... more In a multigenerational study of families at risk for depression, individuals with a lifetime history of depression had: 1) abnormal perceptual asymmetry (PA; smaller left ear/right hemisphere [RH] advantage) in a dichotic emotion recognition task, and 2) reduced RH late positive potential (P3RH) during an emotional hemifield task. We used standardized difference scores for processing auditory (PA sad-neutral) and visual (P3RH negative-neutral) stimuli for 112 participants (52 men) in a logistic regression to predict history of depression, anxiety or comorbidity of both. Whereas comorbidity was separately predicted by reduced PA (OR = 0.527, p = .042) or P3RH (OR = 0.457, p = .013) alone, an interaction between PA and P3RH (OR = 2.499, p = .011) predicted depressive disorder. Follow-up analyses revealed increased probability of depression at low (lack of emotional differentiation) and high (heightened reactivity to negative stimuli) levels of both predictors. Findings suggest that reduced or heightened right-lateralized emotional responsivity to negative stimuli may be uniquely associated with depression.

Research paper thumbnail of The effects of the pandemic on mental health in persons with and without a psychiatric history

Psychological Medicine, 2021

BackgroundProspective studies are needed to assess the influence of pre-pandemic risk factors on ... more BackgroundProspective studies are needed to assess the influence of pre-pandemic risk factors on mental health outcomes following the COVID-19 pandemic. From direct interviews prior to (T1), and then in the same individuals after the pandemic onset (T2), we assessed the influence of personal psychiatric history on changes in symptoms and wellbeing.MethodsTwo hundred and four (19–69 years/117 female) individuals from a multigenerational family study were followed clinically up to T1. Psychiatric symptom changes (T1-to-T2), their association with lifetime psychiatric history (no, only-past, and recent psychiatric history), and pandemic-specific worries were investigated.ResultsAt T2 relative to T1, participants with recent psychopathology (in the last 2 years) had significantly fewer depressive (mean, M = 41.7 v. 47.6) and traumatic symptoms (M = 6.6 v. 8.1, p < 0.001), while those with no and only-past psychiatric history had decreased wellbeing (M = 22.6 v. 25.0, p < 0.01). Th...

Research paper thumbnail of Enduring problems in the offspring of depressed parents followed up to 38 years

Research paper thumbnail of Concordance of Parent-Offspring Cortico-Basal Ganglia White Matter Connectivity: The Role of Parental Depression and Parent-Child Bonding

Biological Psychiatry, 2020

Research paper thumbnail of Predicting Depression Symptoms in Families at Risk for Depression: Interrelations of Posterior EEG Alpha and Religion/Spirituality

Journal of Affective Disorders, 2020

Research paper thumbnail of Family Risk for Depression and Prioritization of Religion or Spirituality: Early Neurophysiological Modulations of Motivated Attention

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 2019

Research paper thumbnail of Contribution of religion/spirituality and major depressive disorder to altruism

Journal of Affective Disorders, 2020

Research paper thumbnail of Understanding self-reported importance of religion/spirituality in a North American sample of individuals at risk for familial depression: A principal component analysis

Several studies have shown protective effects between health outcomes and subjective reports of r... more Several studies have shown protective effects between health outcomes and subjective reports of religious/spiritual (R/S) importance, as measured by a single self-report item. In a 3-generation study of individuals at high or low familial risk for depression, R/S importance was found to be protective against depression, as indicated by clinical and neurobiological outcomes. The psychological components underlying these protective effects, however, remain little understood. Hence, to clarify the meaning of answering the R/S importance item, we employed a comprehensive set of validated scales assessing religious beliefs and experiences and exploratory factor analysis to uncover latent R/S constructs that strongly and independently correlated with the single-item measure of R/S importance. A Varimax-rotated principal component analysis (PCA) resulted in a 23-factor solution (Eigenvalue > 1; 71.5% explained variance) with 8 factors that, respectively, accounted for at least 3% of the...

Research paper thumbnail of Adult outcomes of childhood disruptive disorders in offspring of depressed and healthy parents

Journal of Affective Disorders, 2019

Research paper thumbnail of Association of Parent and Offspring Religiosity With Offspring Suicide Ideation and Attempts

JAMA psychiatry, Jan 8, 2018

Previous studies have shown an inverse association between offspring religiosity and suicidal ide... more Previous studies have shown an inverse association between offspring religiosity and suicidal ideation/attempts, but the association of parent religiosity on offspring suicidal ideation/attempts has not been examined. To examine associations of parent and offspring religiosity with suicide ideation and attempts in offspring. The study is based on offspring (generation 3) from a 3-generation family study at New York State Psychiatric Institute and Columbia University, in which generations 2 and 3 were defined as being at high risk or low risk for major depressive disorder because of the presence or absence of major depressive disorder in generation 1. The association between suicidal behaviors (ideation/attempts) and parent and offspring religiosity in generation 3 offspring aged 6 to 18 years (214 offspring from 112 nuclear families) was examined. Parents' psychiatric diagnoses and suicidal behaviors were assessed with the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia, and ...

Research paper thumbnail of 1.51 30-Year Follow-Up of Children and Adolescents With Disruptive Disorder: PSYCHIATRIC, GENERAL HEALTH, DEMOGRAPHIC, AND SOCIAL FUNCTIONING OUTCOMES

Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 2016