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Papers by Marc Silva

Research paper thumbnail of PCL-C

Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology, 2017

Research paper thumbnail of The Relationship among Parenting Styles Experienced during Childhood, Anxiety, Motivation, and Academic Success in College Students

Journal of College Student Retention, 2007

The current study examined the relationships among parenting styles experienced in childhood, anx... more The current study examined the relationships among parenting styles experienced in childhood, anxiety, motivation, and academic success in college students. Results suggested that fathers' authoritative parenting was related to decreases, whereas mothers' authoritarian parenting was related to increases, in college students' anxiety. Further, mothers' and fathers' authoritative parenting, mothers' authoritarian parenting, and college students' anxiety and motivation were related to college students' grade point averages. In addition, college students' motivation served a mediational role in the relationship between their anxiety and grade point averages. Results suggested that college students may be more likely to experience improvements in their academic performance with interventions that address college students' perceptions of the parenting that they received during their childhood, their anxiety, and their motivation to do well academically. The role of such interventions deserves to be studied further.

Research paper thumbnail of Introducing a Graduate Student Counseling Psychology Journal: A Vision Realized

Research paper thumbnail of Development of the Wais-III: A Brief Overview, History, and Description

The purpose of this article is to introduce the WAIS‐III to junior level counseling psychology gr... more The purpose of this article is to introduce the WAIS‐III to junior level counseling psychology graduate students. The WAIS‐III is referred to as the gold standard for intellectual assessment and the most commonly used test of intellectual abilities. Thus, students will likely administer this instrument utilize WAIS‐III test results in their practica experiences. The current article provides an overview and description of the instrument as well as a brief history of its development and brief analysis of its psychometric properties. The Wechsler Ault Intelligence Scale, currently in its third edition (WAIS‐III; Wechsler, 1997), is the latest incarnation in a long line of comprehensive intelligence tests authored by David Wechsler. Since his death in 1981, the legacy he left the field of psychology has continued through the Psychological Corporation and Harcourt, publishers of the WAIS‐III and wide variety of other Wechsler assessments, such as the Wechsler Test of Adult Reading (WTAR)...

Research paper thumbnail of Assessment and Treatment of Sleep in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

Research paper thumbnail of Neurobehavioral Symptom Inventory

Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology

Research paper thumbnail of Rehabilitation Needs at 5 Years Post-Traumatic Brain Injury: A VA TBI Model Systems Study

Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation

Research paper thumbnail of Neurobehavioral Symptoms in U.S. Special Operations Forces in Rehabilitation After Traumatic Brain Injury: A TBI Model Systems Study

Military Medicine

Introduction Special Operations Forces (SOF) personnel are at increased risk for traumatic brain ... more Introduction Special Operations Forces (SOF) personnel are at increased risk for traumatic brain injury (TBI), when compared with conventional forces (CF). Prior studies of TBI in military samples have not typically investigated SOF vs. CF as specific subgroups, despite documented differences in premorbid resilience and post-injury comorbidity burden. The aim of the current study was to compare SOF vs. CF on the presence of neurobehavioral symptoms after TBI, as well as factors influencing perception of symptom intensity. Materials and Methods This study conducted an analysis of the prospective veterans affairs (VA) TBI Model Systems Cohort, which includes service members and veterans (SM/V) who received inpatient rehabilitation for TBI at one of the five VA Polytrauma Rehabilitation Centers. Of those with known SOF status (N = 342), 129 participants identified as SOF (average age = 43 years, 98% male) and 213 identified as CF (average age = 38.7 years, 91% male). SOF vs. CF were co...

Research paper thumbnail of Performance validity testing via telehealth and failure rate in veterans with moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury: A veterans affairs TBI model systems study

NeuroRehabilitation

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to increased utilization of teleneuropsychology (TeleNP... more BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to increased utilization of teleneuropsychology (TeleNP) services. Unfortunately, investigations of performance validity tests (PVT) delivered via TeleNP are sparse. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine the specificity of the Reliable Digit Span (RDS) and 21-item test administered via telephone. METHOD: Participants were 51 veterans with moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). All participants completed the RDS and 21-item test in the context of a larger TeleNP battery. Specificity rates were examined across multiple cutoffs for both PVTs. RESULTS: Consistent with research employing traditional face-to-face neuropsychological evaluations, both PVTs maintained adequate specificity (i.e., > 90%) across previously established cutoffs. Specifically, defining performance invalidity as RDS

Research paper thumbnail of Development of the traumatic brain injury Rehabilitation Needs Survey: a Veterans Affairs TBI Model Systems study

Disability and Rehabilitation

Research paper thumbnail of Unmet Rehabilitation Needs Indirectly Influence Life Satisfaction 5 Years After Traumatic Brain Injury: A Veterans Affairs TBI Model Systems Study

Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

Research paper thumbnail of Rehabilitation Needs of Veterans and Service Members with Traumatic Brain Injury: A Qualitative Study

Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

Research paper thumbnail of Barriers and Facilitators for Veterans with TBI to Access Health Care: A VA TBI Model System Study

Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

Research paper thumbnail of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms But Not Traumatic Brain Injury Severity Predicted Postconcussion Symptoms: A VA TBI Model Systems Study

Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

Research paper thumbnail of Putting the pieces together to understand anger: PTSD, Sleep Apnea, TBI, and Pain as Contributors

Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

Research paper thumbnail of Predictors of Neurobehavioral Symptoms After TBI for Special Operations Forces (SOF) vs Non-SOF Service Members/Veterans: A VA TBI Model Systems Study

Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

Research paper thumbnail of Veteran and Service Members’ Access to Rehabilitation Services

Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

Research paper thumbnail of Incidence and predictors of adherence to sleep apnea treatment in rehabilitation inpatients with acquired brain injury

Sleep Medicine

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to describe incidence and assess predictors of adherence ... more OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to describe incidence and assess predictors of adherence to Positive Airway Pressure (PAP) therapy for Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) in persons with acquired brain injury (ABI). METHODS A 2012-2015 retrospective analysis of consecutive ABI patients admitted for neurorehabilitation, referred for polysomnography (PSG), and prescribed PAP for OSA. Univariable linear regressions were conducted to examine predictors of average hours of nightly PAP use. Univariable logistic regressions were conducted to examine predictors of PAP adherence using the conventional clinical definition of ≥4 h per night ≥70% of the time. Persons with traumatic etiology were separately analyzed. RESULTS ABI etiology was 51% traumatic, 36% stroke, and 13% other nontraumatic causes. Nearly two-thirds were nonadherent to PAP. For the overall sample, higher average nightly PAP usage was significantly predicted by positive hypertension diagnosis (β = 0.271, p = 0.019). Likewise, greater adherence based on the conventional cutoff was predicted by poorer motor functioning at hospital admission (OR = 0.98, p = 0.001) and lower oxygen saturation nadir (OR = 0.99, p = 0.003). For those with traumatic injuries, greater adherence was predicted by poorer functional status at hospital admission (OR = 0.98, p = 0.010) and positive hypertension diagnosis (OR = 0.16, p = 0.023). CONCLUSIONS In this study of hospitalized neurorehabilitation patients with ABI and comorbid OSA, predictors of adherence included lower oxygen saturation, poorer functional status and hypertension diagnosis, perhaps signifying the role of greater severity of illness on treatment adherence. High rates of refusal and nonadherence to frontline PAP therapy for sleep apnea is a concern for persons in recovery form ABI who are at a time of critical neural repair.

Research paper thumbnail of Risk Factors of Obstructive Sleep Apnea among Individuals with Moderate to Severe Traumatic Brain Injury

Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

Research paper thumbnail of The Impact of Rehabilitation Needs on Satisfaction With Life: A VA TBIMS Study

Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

Research paper thumbnail of PCL-C

Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology, 2017

Research paper thumbnail of The Relationship among Parenting Styles Experienced during Childhood, Anxiety, Motivation, and Academic Success in College Students

Journal of College Student Retention, 2007

The current study examined the relationships among parenting styles experienced in childhood, anx... more The current study examined the relationships among parenting styles experienced in childhood, anxiety, motivation, and academic success in college students. Results suggested that fathers' authoritative parenting was related to decreases, whereas mothers' authoritarian parenting was related to increases, in college students' anxiety. Further, mothers' and fathers' authoritative parenting, mothers' authoritarian parenting, and college students' anxiety and motivation were related to college students' grade point averages. In addition, college students' motivation served a mediational role in the relationship between their anxiety and grade point averages. Results suggested that college students may be more likely to experience improvements in their academic performance with interventions that address college students' perceptions of the parenting that they received during their childhood, their anxiety, and their motivation to do well academically. The role of such interventions deserves to be studied further.

Research paper thumbnail of Introducing a Graduate Student Counseling Psychology Journal: A Vision Realized

Research paper thumbnail of Development of the Wais-III: A Brief Overview, History, and Description

The purpose of this article is to introduce the WAIS‐III to junior level counseling psychology gr... more The purpose of this article is to introduce the WAIS‐III to junior level counseling psychology graduate students. The WAIS‐III is referred to as the gold standard for intellectual assessment and the most commonly used test of intellectual abilities. Thus, students will likely administer this instrument utilize WAIS‐III test results in their practica experiences. The current article provides an overview and description of the instrument as well as a brief history of its development and brief analysis of its psychometric properties. The Wechsler Ault Intelligence Scale, currently in its third edition (WAIS‐III; Wechsler, 1997), is the latest incarnation in a long line of comprehensive intelligence tests authored by David Wechsler. Since his death in 1981, the legacy he left the field of psychology has continued through the Psychological Corporation and Harcourt, publishers of the WAIS‐III and wide variety of other Wechsler assessments, such as the Wechsler Test of Adult Reading (WTAR)...

Research paper thumbnail of Assessment and Treatment of Sleep in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

Research paper thumbnail of Neurobehavioral Symptom Inventory

Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology

Research paper thumbnail of Rehabilitation Needs at 5 Years Post-Traumatic Brain Injury: A VA TBI Model Systems Study

Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation

Research paper thumbnail of Neurobehavioral Symptoms in U.S. Special Operations Forces in Rehabilitation After Traumatic Brain Injury: A TBI Model Systems Study

Military Medicine

Introduction Special Operations Forces (SOF) personnel are at increased risk for traumatic brain ... more Introduction Special Operations Forces (SOF) personnel are at increased risk for traumatic brain injury (TBI), when compared with conventional forces (CF). Prior studies of TBI in military samples have not typically investigated SOF vs. CF as specific subgroups, despite documented differences in premorbid resilience and post-injury comorbidity burden. The aim of the current study was to compare SOF vs. CF on the presence of neurobehavioral symptoms after TBI, as well as factors influencing perception of symptom intensity. Materials and Methods This study conducted an analysis of the prospective veterans affairs (VA) TBI Model Systems Cohort, which includes service members and veterans (SM/V) who received inpatient rehabilitation for TBI at one of the five VA Polytrauma Rehabilitation Centers. Of those with known SOF status (N = 342), 129 participants identified as SOF (average age = 43 years, 98% male) and 213 identified as CF (average age = 38.7 years, 91% male). SOF vs. CF were co...

Research paper thumbnail of Performance validity testing via telehealth and failure rate in veterans with moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury: A veterans affairs TBI model systems study

NeuroRehabilitation

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to increased utilization of teleneuropsychology (TeleNP... more BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to increased utilization of teleneuropsychology (TeleNP) services. Unfortunately, investigations of performance validity tests (PVT) delivered via TeleNP are sparse. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine the specificity of the Reliable Digit Span (RDS) and 21-item test administered via telephone. METHOD: Participants were 51 veterans with moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). All participants completed the RDS and 21-item test in the context of a larger TeleNP battery. Specificity rates were examined across multiple cutoffs for both PVTs. RESULTS: Consistent with research employing traditional face-to-face neuropsychological evaluations, both PVTs maintained adequate specificity (i.e., > 90%) across previously established cutoffs. Specifically, defining performance invalidity as RDS

Research paper thumbnail of Development of the traumatic brain injury Rehabilitation Needs Survey: a Veterans Affairs TBI Model Systems study

Disability and Rehabilitation

Research paper thumbnail of Unmet Rehabilitation Needs Indirectly Influence Life Satisfaction 5 Years After Traumatic Brain Injury: A Veterans Affairs TBI Model Systems Study

Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

Research paper thumbnail of Rehabilitation Needs of Veterans and Service Members with Traumatic Brain Injury: A Qualitative Study

Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

Research paper thumbnail of Barriers and Facilitators for Veterans with TBI to Access Health Care: A VA TBI Model System Study

Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

Research paper thumbnail of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms But Not Traumatic Brain Injury Severity Predicted Postconcussion Symptoms: A VA TBI Model Systems Study

Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

Research paper thumbnail of Putting the pieces together to understand anger: PTSD, Sleep Apnea, TBI, and Pain as Contributors

Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

Research paper thumbnail of Predictors of Neurobehavioral Symptoms After TBI for Special Operations Forces (SOF) vs Non-SOF Service Members/Veterans: A VA TBI Model Systems Study

Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

Research paper thumbnail of Veteran and Service Members’ Access to Rehabilitation Services

Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

Research paper thumbnail of Incidence and predictors of adherence to sleep apnea treatment in rehabilitation inpatients with acquired brain injury

Sleep Medicine

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to describe incidence and assess predictors of adherence ... more OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to describe incidence and assess predictors of adherence to Positive Airway Pressure (PAP) therapy for Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) in persons with acquired brain injury (ABI). METHODS A 2012-2015 retrospective analysis of consecutive ABI patients admitted for neurorehabilitation, referred for polysomnography (PSG), and prescribed PAP for OSA. Univariable linear regressions were conducted to examine predictors of average hours of nightly PAP use. Univariable logistic regressions were conducted to examine predictors of PAP adherence using the conventional clinical definition of ≥4 h per night ≥70% of the time. Persons with traumatic etiology were separately analyzed. RESULTS ABI etiology was 51% traumatic, 36% stroke, and 13% other nontraumatic causes. Nearly two-thirds were nonadherent to PAP. For the overall sample, higher average nightly PAP usage was significantly predicted by positive hypertension diagnosis (β = 0.271, p = 0.019). Likewise, greater adherence based on the conventional cutoff was predicted by poorer motor functioning at hospital admission (OR = 0.98, p = 0.001) and lower oxygen saturation nadir (OR = 0.99, p = 0.003). For those with traumatic injuries, greater adherence was predicted by poorer functional status at hospital admission (OR = 0.98, p = 0.010) and positive hypertension diagnosis (OR = 0.16, p = 0.023). CONCLUSIONS In this study of hospitalized neurorehabilitation patients with ABI and comorbid OSA, predictors of adherence included lower oxygen saturation, poorer functional status and hypertension diagnosis, perhaps signifying the role of greater severity of illness on treatment adherence. High rates of refusal and nonadherence to frontline PAP therapy for sleep apnea is a concern for persons in recovery form ABI who are at a time of critical neural repair.

Research paper thumbnail of Risk Factors of Obstructive Sleep Apnea among Individuals with Moderate to Severe Traumatic Brain Injury

Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

Research paper thumbnail of The Impact of Rehabilitation Needs on Satisfaction With Life: A VA TBIMS Study

Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation