María Ávila-Agüero - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Uploads
Papers by María Ávila-Agüero
Expert Review of Vaccines, 2021
Introduction: The Latin American Society of Pediatric Infectology (SLIPE for its acronym in Spani... more Introduction: The Latin American Society of Pediatric Infectology (SLIPE for its acronym in Spanish) is working hard to contribute with strategic actions to prevent the recurrence of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and to prevent the reduction of vaccine coverage in the region of the Americas. Areas covered: On Friday, September 25th, a Latin American forum of experts on immunization services during the COVID-19 pandemic was held through Webex platform. Issues such as: the imminent risk of occurrence and outbreaks of vaccine-preventable diseases, the importance of epidemiological surveillance and the vaccination campaign challenges, in the context of a pandemic were discussed. Expert opinion: Vaccination campaigns should no longer be postponed or delayed; instead, they must be reactivated; governments, scientific societies, and physicians must promote vaccination programs to avoid outbreaks of vaccine-preventable diseases. On the eve of a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, it is necessary to insist o...
Introduccion: La fiebre en el nino es uno de los principales motivos de consulta en pediatria. En... more Introduccion: La fiebre en el nino es uno de los principales motivos de consulta en pediatria. En ocasiones, el temor de los padres produce la conocida fobia febril, que conlleva al uso de los servicios de emergencias hospitalarios y a tratamientos inadecuados. Objetivo: Conocer la percepcion, el conocimiento y el manejo que dan a la fiebre los padres o encargados de familia, de aquellos ninos hospitalizados en el servicio de Infectologia del Hospital Nacional de Ninos "Dr. Carlos Saenz Herrera" de Costa Rica. Materiales y metodos: Se realizo un estudio prospectivo descriptivo, donde se entrevistan a los padres o encargados de los ninos hospitalizados en el Servicio de SI-HNN, entre enero y abril de 2001. A los padres o encargados que cumplian con los criterios de inclusion y exclusion, se les explico el proposito del estudio y la dinamica del cuestinario. Resultados. Se recolectaron un total de 100 cuestinarios, donde se documento que el 61 por ciento de los entrevistados...
Acta Médica Costarricense, 2007
![Research paper thumbnail of [Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. pasteurianus: un agente inusual ocasionando una infección común]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/81758218/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Boletin medico del Hospital Infantil de Mexico, 2021
Introducción: Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. pasteurianus es un coco grampositivo, catalasa ne... more Introducción: Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. pasteurianus es un coco grampositivo, catalasa negativo, perteneciente al grupo D de Lancefield, que se encuentra relacionado con cuadros de sepsis neonatal, específicamente con meningitis. Caso clínico: Se reporta el caso de un paciente de 2 meses con un cuadro de meningitis por S. gallolyticus subsp. pasteurianus. Se describen la sintomatología y el abordaje diagnóstico y terapéutico. Asimismo, se realiza una revisión de la literatura que evidencia el subdiagnóstico de este agente como causa de meningitis en pediatría. Conclusiones: Este caso representa el primer aislamiento de este agente en el Hospital Nacional de Niños de Costa Rica, de la Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social.
Resumen La enfermedad neumococcica invasora (ENI) es la primordial causa de muertes prevenibles m... more Resumen La enfermedad neumococcica invasora (ENI) es la primordial causa de muertes prevenibles mediante vacu-nacion en ninos bajo 5 anos de edad en el mundo; en Latinoamerica y El Caribe representa una enorme carga de enfermedad. Con el fin de combatir la creciente incidencia de ENI en nuestra region, la gran mayoria de los paises han incorporado las vacunas neumococcicas como estrategia preventiva. El grupo GREEN (Grupo Regional de Estudio de la Enfermedad Neumococica) ha sido creado para estudiar la enfermedad neumococcica, unificar los datos generados por los paises latinoamericanos y detallar la epidemiologia pre y post-vacunacion neumococcica.Palabras clave: Key words: Invasive pneumococcal disease, vaccination, surveillance. Introduccion A nivel mundial, la enfermedad neumococcica invasora (ENI) es una infeccion prevenible por vacunacion que cobra alrededor de un millon de vidas cada ano 1 . Aproximadamente 90% de estas muertes ocurren en paises en desarrollo. En el 2010, la ...
The problems affecting the Costa Rican Social Security System (CCSS) lie beyond financial difficu... more The problems affecting the Costa Rican Social Security System (CCSS) lie beyond financial difficulties, as they also include a serious management deficiency and bureaucratic gridlock that has turned the institution into an extremely rigid structure, unable to meet the needs and demands of the population with the promptness required. The CCSS is probably the largest “firm” in Central America; it employs approximately 55,000 people, of which 10% are medical professionals. It is the institution that sustains part of the social security which Costa Ricans enjoy today. However, its operation and thus its problems should be analysed linked to the concept of social production of health, as this is a social product.
International Journal of Infectious Diseases
Revista chilena de infectología
Revista chilena de infectología
Los autores declaran no presentar conflictos de interés para este estudio.
Revista chilena de infectología
Los autores declaran no tener conflicto de interés No hubo fuente de financiamiento externa.
Acta Tropica
BACKGROUND Introduced in June 2017 by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a Neglected Tropical... more BACKGROUND Introduced in June 2017 by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a Neglected Tropical Diseases, snakebite envenoming is a global health problem. In Costa Rica, an incidence of 15 per 100,000 inhabitants and a mortality rate of 0.15 per 100,000 inhabitants per year were reported from 2005-2012. Children are also affected and prone to complications. METHODS Retrospective descriptive 14-year study of children with envenomings by Viperidae snakebites managed at the tertiary pediatric hospital in Costa Rica. FINDINGS 80 patients (pts) were included and classified as having mild (17 pts, 29.3%), moderate (58 pts, 72.5%) or severe (5 pts, 6.2%) envenoming. 52/80 (65%) patients received treatment within the first four hours, three (3.75%) between 5-8 hours, three between 9-12 hours, four (4%) between 13-16 hours, two (2.5%) between 17-20 hours, and seven (8.75%) after 20 hours. Edema was documented in 76/80 (95%), pain in 58 (72.5%), local bleeding in 23 (28.8%), emesis in 10 (12.5%), bullae formation in 8 (10%), and tissue necrosis in three (3.8%) pts. Complications presented according with degree of envenoming, being more common in severe cases: wound infection occurred in 14/58 (24.1%) with moderate envenoming and 5/5 pts with severe envenoming (p <0.0001), bleeding presented in 3/58 (5.2%) with moderate cases, and 2/5 (40%) in pts with severe envenoming (p=0.004); and compartmental syndrome occurred in 3/17 (17.6%) pts with mild envenoming, in 33/58 (56.9%), and 5/5 of moderate and severe envenomed pts, respectively (p=0.0014). Sequelae were documented 25/80 (31%).
Expert Review of Vaccines
ABSTRACT Introduction: Pertussis in Latin America continues to cause periodic epidemics with subs... more ABSTRACT Introduction: Pertussis in Latin America continues to cause periodic epidemics with substantial morbidity particularly among young children. The disease has persisted despite long-standing vaccination programs in the region. Areas covered: We conducted a systematic review to characterize the recent epidemiology of pertussis in Latin America and Hispanic Caribbean. We undertook a holistic approach and attempted to include all available data concerning pertussis that may explain the changing dynamics of the disease. Expert opinion: There are wide disparities in the reported annual incidence rates of pertussis both within and between countries in the region. General trends in pertussis incidence are difficult to ascertain due to the heterogeneity in the epidemiological data. Available data suggests that the disease burden has changed over the years such that now it predominantly affects those <1 year. Coverage with three doses of the pertussis vaccine has been highly variable, and very few countries have consistently achieved ≥90% coverage annually since 2000. There remain inequalities in vaccination coverage in some regions/localities and specific groups, which sustains the risk of pertussis dissemination. The WHO considers that maternal pertussis immunization provides protection to infants too young to be vaccinated; >10 Latin American countries currently recommend vaccination of pregnant women.
The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
Secondary bacterial infections following Viperidae snakebite envenomation in children are common.... more Secondary bacterial infections following Viperidae snakebite envenomation in children are common. Among 75 patients admitted because of snakebites at the only pediatric hospital in Costa Rica, 16 (21.3%) had a cultureconfirmed secondary bacterial infection. Morganella morganii (37.5%), Aeromonas hydrophila (31.2%), and Providencia rettgeri (18.7%) were the most common pathogens. Empiric prophylaxis is still recommended and should be based on local etiological agents and antimicrobial susceptibilities.
Expert Review of Vaccines, 2021
Introduction: The Latin American Society of Pediatric Infectology (SLIPE for its acronym in Spani... more Introduction: The Latin American Society of Pediatric Infectology (SLIPE for its acronym in Spanish) is working hard to contribute with strategic actions to prevent the recurrence of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and to prevent the reduction of vaccine coverage in the region of the Americas. Areas covered: On Friday, September 25th, a Latin American forum of experts on immunization services during the COVID-19 pandemic was held through Webex platform. Issues such as: the imminent risk of occurrence and outbreaks of vaccine-preventable diseases, the importance of epidemiological surveillance and the vaccination campaign challenges, in the context of a pandemic were discussed. Expert opinion: Vaccination campaigns should no longer be postponed or delayed; instead, they must be reactivated; governments, scientific societies, and physicians must promote vaccination programs to avoid outbreaks of vaccine-preventable diseases. On the eve of a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, it is necessary to insist o...
Introduccion: La fiebre en el nino es uno de los principales motivos de consulta en pediatria. En... more Introduccion: La fiebre en el nino es uno de los principales motivos de consulta en pediatria. En ocasiones, el temor de los padres produce la conocida fobia febril, que conlleva al uso de los servicios de emergencias hospitalarios y a tratamientos inadecuados. Objetivo: Conocer la percepcion, el conocimiento y el manejo que dan a la fiebre los padres o encargados de familia, de aquellos ninos hospitalizados en el servicio de Infectologia del Hospital Nacional de Ninos "Dr. Carlos Saenz Herrera" de Costa Rica. Materiales y metodos: Se realizo un estudio prospectivo descriptivo, donde se entrevistan a los padres o encargados de los ninos hospitalizados en el Servicio de SI-HNN, entre enero y abril de 2001. A los padres o encargados que cumplian con los criterios de inclusion y exclusion, se les explico el proposito del estudio y la dinamica del cuestinario. Resultados. Se recolectaron un total de 100 cuestinarios, donde se documento que el 61 por ciento de los entrevistados...
Acta Médica Costarricense, 2007
Boletin medico del Hospital Infantil de Mexico, 2021
Introducción: Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. pasteurianus es un coco grampositivo, catalasa ne... more Introducción: Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. pasteurianus es un coco grampositivo, catalasa negativo, perteneciente al grupo D de Lancefield, que se encuentra relacionado con cuadros de sepsis neonatal, específicamente con meningitis. Caso clínico: Se reporta el caso de un paciente de 2 meses con un cuadro de meningitis por S. gallolyticus subsp. pasteurianus. Se describen la sintomatología y el abordaje diagnóstico y terapéutico. Asimismo, se realiza una revisión de la literatura que evidencia el subdiagnóstico de este agente como causa de meningitis en pediatría. Conclusiones: Este caso representa el primer aislamiento de este agente en el Hospital Nacional de Niños de Costa Rica, de la Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social.
Resumen La enfermedad neumococcica invasora (ENI) es la primordial causa de muertes prevenibles m... more Resumen La enfermedad neumococcica invasora (ENI) es la primordial causa de muertes prevenibles mediante vacu-nacion en ninos bajo 5 anos de edad en el mundo; en Latinoamerica y El Caribe representa una enorme carga de enfermedad. Con el fin de combatir la creciente incidencia de ENI en nuestra region, la gran mayoria de los paises han incorporado las vacunas neumococcicas como estrategia preventiva. El grupo GREEN (Grupo Regional de Estudio de la Enfermedad Neumococica) ha sido creado para estudiar la enfermedad neumococcica, unificar los datos generados por los paises latinoamericanos y detallar la epidemiologia pre y post-vacunacion neumococcica.Palabras clave: Key words: Invasive pneumococcal disease, vaccination, surveillance. Introduccion A nivel mundial, la enfermedad neumococcica invasora (ENI) es una infeccion prevenible por vacunacion que cobra alrededor de un millon de vidas cada ano 1 . Aproximadamente 90% de estas muertes ocurren en paises en desarrollo. En el 2010, la ...
The problems affecting the Costa Rican Social Security System (CCSS) lie beyond financial difficu... more The problems affecting the Costa Rican Social Security System (CCSS) lie beyond financial difficulties, as they also include a serious management deficiency and bureaucratic gridlock that has turned the institution into an extremely rigid structure, unable to meet the needs and demands of the population with the promptness required. The CCSS is probably the largest “firm” in Central America; it employs approximately 55,000 people, of which 10% are medical professionals. It is the institution that sustains part of the social security which Costa Ricans enjoy today. However, its operation and thus its problems should be analysed linked to the concept of social production of health, as this is a social product.
International Journal of Infectious Diseases
Revista chilena de infectología
Revista chilena de infectología
Los autores declaran no presentar conflictos de interés para este estudio.
Revista chilena de infectología
Los autores declaran no tener conflicto de interés No hubo fuente de financiamiento externa.
Acta Tropica
BACKGROUND Introduced in June 2017 by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a Neglected Tropical... more BACKGROUND Introduced in June 2017 by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a Neglected Tropical Diseases, snakebite envenoming is a global health problem. In Costa Rica, an incidence of 15 per 100,000 inhabitants and a mortality rate of 0.15 per 100,000 inhabitants per year were reported from 2005-2012. Children are also affected and prone to complications. METHODS Retrospective descriptive 14-year study of children with envenomings by Viperidae snakebites managed at the tertiary pediatric hospital in Costa Rica. FINDINGS 80 patients (pts) were included and classified as having mild (17 pts, 29.3%), moderate (58 pts, 72.5%) or severe (5 pts, 6.2%) envenoming. 52/80 (65%) patients received treatment within the first four hours, three (3.75%) between 5-8 hours, three between 9-12 hours, four (4%) between 13-16 hours, two (2.5%) between 17-20 hours, and seven (8.75%) after 20 hours. Edema was documented in 76/80 (95%), pain in 58 (72.5%), local bleeding in 23 (28.8%), emesis in 10 (12.5%), bullae formation in 8 (10%), and tissue necrosis in three (3.8%) pts. Complications presented according with degree of envenoming, being more common in severe cases: wound infection occurred in 14/58 (24.1%) with moderate envenoming and 5/5 pts with severe envenoming (p <0.0001), bleeding presented in 3/58 (5.2%) with moderate cases, and 2/5 (40%) in pts with severe envenoming (p=0.004); and compartmental syndrome occurred in 3/17 (17.6%) pts with mild envenoming, in 33/58 (56.9%), and 5/5 of moderate and severe envenomed pts, respectively (p=0.0014). Sequelae were documented 25/80 (31%).
Expert Review of Vaccines
ABSTRACT Introduction: Pertussis in Latin America continues to cause periodic epidemics with subs... more ABSTRACT Introduction: Pertussis in Latin America continues to cause periodic epidemics with substantial morbidity particularly among young children. The disease has persisted despite long-standing vaccination programs in the region. Areas covered: We conducted a systematic review to characterize the recent epidemiology of pertussis in Latin America and Hispanic Caribbean. We undertook a holistic approach and attempted to include all available data concerning pertussis that may explain the changing dynamics of the disease. Expert opinion: There are wide disparities in the reported annual incidence rates of pertussis both within and between countries in the region. General trends in pertussis incidence are difficult to ascertain due to the heterogeneity in the epidemiological data. Available data suggests that the disease burden has changed over the years such that now it predominantly affects those <1 year. Coverage with three doses of the pertussis vaccine has been highly variable, and very few countries have consistently achieved ≥90% coverage annually since 2000. There remain inequalities in vaccination coverage in some regions/localities and specific groups, which sustains the risk of pertussis dissemination. The WHO considers that maternal pertussis immunization provides protection to infants too young to be vaccinated; >10 Latin American countries currently recommend vaccination of pregnant women.
The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
Secondary bacterial infections following Viperidae snakebite envenomation in children are common.... more Secondary bacterial infections following Viperidae snakebite envenomation in children are common. Among 75 patients admitted because of snakebites at the only pediatric hospital in Costa Rica, 16 (21.3%) had a cultureconfirmed secondary bacterial infection. Morganella morganii (37.5%), Aeromonas hydrophila (31.2%), and Providencia rettgeri (18.7%) were the most common pathogens. Empiric prophylaxis is still recommended and should be based on local etiological agents and antimicrobial susceptibilities.