Maria Colinas - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Maria Colinas

Journal of The Professional Association for Cactus Development, Aug 14, 2018

Pitaya (Stenocereus spp.) is an exotic fruit, which has been consumed since ancient times by pre-... more Pitaya (Stenocereus spp.) is an exotic fruit, which has been consumed since ancient times by pre-Hispanic cultures. Recently in Mexico, this cactus has been the target of commercial attention due to the pleasant taste of their succulent fruits with juicy and sweet pulp, and a great variety of colors (white, yellow, purple and red fruits). This fruit has excellent sensory, nutritional, nutraceutical, agroindustrial and medicinal attributes; however, it has been under-utilized. The high content of betalains in this fruit allows us to consider these varieties as a source of natural pigments to be used in the food industry. The aim of this study is to show "the state of the art" of the properties of Stenocereus, to promote its study, dissemination, production, consumption and agroindustrial use. The present study shows a description of its botany, distribution, cultivation, physiology, pre and postharvest aspects, nutritional and nutraceutical composition, as well as agroindustrial and medicinal uses. The production of this fruit represents an opportunity for the economic development of some arid and semi-arid zones of Mexico due to the agronomic, nutraceutical and agroindustrial advantages. Therefore, more studies are required, mainly on physiological, nutraceutical, medicinal and agroindustrial aspects, more specifically on the non-studied species of Stenocereus, and future researches should deal with development of agro-technologies to guarantee high yields and good quality products to enable growers to make a living from it.

Journal of the Professional Association for Cactus Development

Pitaya (Stenocereus griseus H.) is an exotic fruit produced in some regions of Mexico, where it i... more Pitaya (Stenocereus griseus H.) is an exotic fruit produced in some regions of Mexico, where it is mainly consumed fresh and valued in local markets. Its pulp has an intense red color, sweet flavor, small and easily chewable seeds, and compounds with antioxidant capacity, such as betalains and phenolics, which confer the fruit an important nutraceutical value. Therefore, in selected markets, the price of pitaya is considered high. However, pitaya has big spines that cause consumer rejection, due to the possibility of puncture. The spines also make it difficult to handle pitaya and cause mechanical damages. These circumstances make it indispensable to remove the spines from the fruit, but collaterally, the shelf-life is decreased, and consequently, its commercialization in distant markets is more difficult. It has been reported that postharvest treatments, such as application of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) and chitosan (Ch) coatings added with hydrophobic components like oleic acid ...

Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Agrícolas

México es el centro de origen de la nochebuena (Euphorbia pulcherrima, Willd. ex Klotzch), no ob... more México es el centro de origen de la nochebuena (Euphorbia pulcherrima, Willd. ex Klotzch), no obstante, la producción depende de las variedades generadas en otros países porque no se tienen variedades nacionales. Para el mejoramiento genético de cualquier especie es necesario el estudio de la biología reproductiva. Con base en lo anterior, el objetivo de la presente investigación fue evaluar la reproducción de tres variedades de nochebuena de sol (Belén, Juan Pablo, Amanecer navideño) y seis cultivares de sombra (Freedom, Prestige, Ice punch, Nutcracker white, Sonora White glitter y Burgundy) para definir las bases de métodos de mejoramiento genético. Se determinó la viabilidad del polen mediante tinción con aceto-carmín y germinación de polen; se estudió el horario en que las flores estuvieron receptivas, aplicando una gota de H2O2 sobre el estigma; se establecieron cuatro tratamientos para determinar el tipo de polinización de las plantas de nochebuena. La investi...

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Hortorum Cultus, 2021

The aim of this research was to evaluate the nutritional value, bioactive compounds and capacity... more The aim of this research was to evaluate the nutritional value, bioactive compounds and capacity antioxidant in ligulate flowers of dahlia with different colour. The statistical analysis reveals that the petals of the pink and purple colour have more protein and raw fibre (18.54 and 19.25, 16.54 and 15.81%, respectively) and similar raw fat values between the analysed colours. Likewise, the flowers with the highest content of vitamin C, phenols and total flavonoids were observed in the pink, purple and cherry colours, where the latter also stands out for its content of total anthocyanins (3.2 mg cyanidin-3-glucoside 100 g–1). However, the yellow ones showed higher antioxidant capacity (68.82 mg AAEVC 100 g–1), which coincides with that found with the concentration of total carotenoids (0.64 μg β-carotene g–1). For the consumers who choose to change their eating habits and seek to include ingredients of vegetable origin (vegetarian and vegan) with low caloric content and a sufficient

The objective of this work was to characterize cactus pear production system in Axapusco, Estado ... more The objective of this work was to characterize cactus pear production system in Axapusco, Estado de Mexico by performing surveys among farmers and interviews to key partici pants. Most are peasants and have parcels in "ejidos" (73 %). The production system shows high variability. They plow the surface (37 %) or the subsoil (34 %). The typical density is 600 to 700 plants per hectare (38 %). The com- mon distance between plants is 4.0 m by 4.0 m (55 %). The white cactus pear (Opuntia albicarpa) is predominant in the region (74 %). Two-thirds of the farmers use manual weed control. Fresh cattle manure is used by 54 % of the farmers. Most farmers do not receive any technical assistance (96 %). Furthermore, a large proportion of the farmers said they do not receive any governmental subsidy (71 %). The most important problem for farmers is the control of pests and diseases (34 %); followed by low fruit price and orchard management (both 21 %). The lack of technical knowledge is...

Agrociencia, 2018

Physalis peruviana L. is a native shrub to the Andes area, with commercial potential in Mexican m... more Physalis peruviana L. is a native shrub to the Andes area, with commercial potential in Mexican markets. Its cultivation depends on the climate, its production system and the technology used to increase its productivity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of transplant date (TD), application of foliar boron (B) and potassium (K) in the nutrient solution, and pruning, during hydroponic fruits production in greenhouse. We carried out the study at the Colegio de Postgraduados, with plants of the “Colombia” variety. The experimental design consisted on divided plots: the large plot was the transplant date, June, July and August 2013; the small plot was the combination of B (0, 1, 3 mg L-1 ), K (3.5 and 7 meq L-1 ) and pruning (maintaining three stems and no pruning). The evaluated variables were fruits fresh weight with calyx (FWC) and without calyx (FWWC), fruit number (FN), fruit average weight (FAW) and number of cracked fruits (CF) during a two-month harvest peri...

Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura, 2021

The aim of this research was to study the effect of two factors: elicitors and fungicide doses. T... more The aim of this research was to study the effect of two factors: elicitors and fungicide doses. The experiment was conducted in 2017 and 2018. The treatments were applied in four randomized complete blocks with six peach trees as the experimental unit. The effectiveness of treatments was evaluated after harvest so that fruits were inoculated with Monilinia fructicola and lesion diameter measurements were performed to evaluate the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) and determine the rate of increase. The content of total phenols and the activity of peroxidase, polyphenoloxidase, catalase and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase enzymes were evaluated. The results showed that applications of potassium phosphite combined with full fungicide doses reduced AUDPC of Monilinia fructicola by 47% compared with the control (no elicitor, no fungicide). The content of phenols and the enzymatic activity increased with the application of elicitors. Pre-harvest application of elicitors is a viab...

Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Agrícolas, 2017

La aplicación de una concentración adecuada de magnesio (Mg2+) es esencial para producir planta... more La aplicación de una concentración adecuada de magnesio (Mg2+) es esencial para producir plantas de calidad, porque es un auxiliar en el metabolismo del fosfato, respiración de la planta y activación de varios sistemas enzimáticos involucrados en el metabolismo energético; además, es necesario cuantificar la concentración de los nutrimentos absorbidos por las plantas para determinar una buena fertilización. La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar la concentración óptima de Mg2+ en relación a la calidad, vida de f lorero y estado nutrimentalenplantasdeLiliumcv.Casablanca.Elexperimento seestablecióenlaUniversidadAutónomaChapingo,Texcoco, Estado de México, en invernadero, con bulbos de 18/20 cm, bajo un diseño completamente al azar, con 10 tratamientos: 0, 2.06,4,6.17,8.23,10.29,12.35,16.46,18.52y20.58meqL-1 de Mg2+ y 10 repeticiones. El número de hojas, altura, área foliar, diámetro (basal, medio y apical), longitud y ancho de tépalos, materia seca...

Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Agrícolas, 2018

Se evaluó la vida en florero de inflorescencias de lisianthus ‘ABC Blue Rim’ almacenadas en húmed... more Se evaluó la vida en florero de inflorescencias de lisianthus ‘ABC Blue Rim’ almacenadas en húmedo o seco durante 5, 10 y 15 días a 3 °C y 85% de humedad relativa (HR) en oscuridad; antes del almacenamiento se aplicó una solución pulso 3% de sacarosa + 200 mg L-1 de Hidroxiquinoleína citrato por 24 h. Al salir de temperatura baja, la vida en florero se evaluó en una cámara con una temperatura de 20 ± 1 °C y 80 ± 2% HR, periodo de 12 h luz/oscuridad y una PAR de 173 ± 50 µmol m2 s-1. Un grupo de inflorescencias no se almacenaron a temperatura baja (testigo); estas inflorescencias mostraron un comportamiento climatérico, un incremento de peso fresco relativo (7.2%), consumo de agua (31.1 mL tallo-1) y conductancia estomática (170 mmol m2 s-1), a los nueve días después de cosecha se tuvieron tres flores abiertas con regular apariencia y la actividad en catalasa se incrementó hasta 6.3 U g-1 de peso fresco, en tanto que la actividad de peroxidasa se mantuvo constante durante la vida en ...

AgroProductividad, 2020

Objetivo: evaluar el efecto de las aplicaciones foliares de micronutrimentos en la calidad de fru... more Objetivo: evaluar el efecto de las aplicaciones foliares de micronutrimentos en la calidad de frutos de tomate (Solanum lycopersicum L.) producido en acuaponía.Diseño/metodología/aproximación: los tratamientos fueron ACU, acuaponía; ACUFF1 acuaponía más fertilización foliar 1 (en mg L -1 ) con 12.50 Fe, 5.83 Mn, 1.17 Zn, 1.08 B, 0.47 Cu, 0.43 Mo y ACUFF2, acuaponía más fertilización foliar 2 (en mg L -1 ) 25.0 Fe, 11.67 Mn, 2.33 Zn, 2.17 B, 0.93 Cu y 0.87 Mo e hidroponía convencional, HID, con la solución nutritiva Steiner. Para evaluar los sólidos solubles totales (SST), acidez titulable (AT), relación SST/AT, conductividad eléctrica (CE), pH y el contenido delicopeno se utilizaron frutos maduros (completamente rojos). El experimento se condujo bajo un diseño completamente al azar con cuatro repeticiones. Se realizó un análisis de varianza utilizando el procedimiento GLM y la comparación de medias por Tukey (P ≤ 0.05) con el programa SAS 9.3.Resultados: las aplicaciones foliares en...

Chilean journal of agricultural & animal sciences, 2018

El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar el rendimiento y calidad fisicoquímica del fruto en... more El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar el rendimiento y calidad fisicoquímica del fruto en siete líneas experimentales avanzadas de tomate cherry, como respuesta a tres niveles (2,0; 2,5; y 3,0 dS m -1 ) de conductividad eléctrica (CE) de la solución nutritiva de Steiner. El diseño experimental fue completamente al azar con seis repeticiones. Se evaluó el rendimiento, número de frutos por racimo (NFPR), peso promedio de fruto (PPF), color, firmeza, sólidos solubles totales (SST), acidez titulable (AT), vitamina C (VC), fenoles totales (FT), licopeno (Li) y capacidad antioxidante (CA). Los niveles de CE de 2,5 y 3,0 dS m -1 mostraron estadísticamente la mejor firmeza (1,23 y 1,14 N mm -1 ), SST (7,04 y 7,08°Brix), AT (0,49-0,50% ácido cítrico), VC (13,91 y 8,91 mg 100 g -1 ), Li (9,17 y 10,75 mg 100 g -1 ) y CA (45,96-52,21 mm TEAC g -1 ). Entre genotipos, H13-39 fue la de mayor rendimiento y PPF con 9,47 kg m -2 y 38,35 g, respectivamente. Adicionalmente L-ChNg1 y L-ChNg2 presentaron los frutos más firmes y H13-26 los de mayor AT y VC. Con excepción de H13-39, L-ChNg1 y L-ChNg2, el resto de genotipos se caracterizaron por su alta CA (55,53-60,60 mm TEAC g -1 ). Sin embargo, H13-39 y L-ChNg1 presentaron los mayores contenidos de Li. La modificación de la CE de la solución nutritiva de Steiner mantuvo sin cambios a los componentes de rendimiento evaluados, pero afectó la calidad fisicoquímica del fruto entre genotipos. Esto permitió observar líneas experimentales sobresalientes y con potencial para su aprovechamiento comercial.

Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Agrícolas, 2018

El estado de Morelos es uno de los principales productores de plantas ornamentales en el país, p... more El estado de Morelos es uno de los principales productores de plantas ornamentales en el país, presenta condiciones favorables para la producción de diferentes cultivos. La nochebuena de sol es un arbusto ornamental y tradicional de gran importancia económica y social, en el municipio de Cuernavaca. Se produce de manera convencional en vivero a cielo abierto desde hace más de treinta años. Las variedades de mayor producción son de brácteas color rojo: ‘Valenciana’, seguida de ‘Superior’ y ‘Rehilete’, requiere poca inversión en infraestructura e insumos, presenta algunos problemas fitosanitarios, con notable demanda en el mercado nacional y actualmente alcanza un precio similar a lanochebuenadeinvernadero.Lainformaciónescritasobre el manejo agronómico de nochebuena de sol es escasa, por lo que se realizó una investigación de campo a productores de este cultivo en la zona norte del municipio de Cuernavaca, mediante la aplicación de una encuesta, para obtener información ...

Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca, 2019

The aim of this research was to evaluate the physicochemical quality, antioxidant capacity and nu... more The aim of this research was to evaluate the physicochemical quality, antioxidant capacity and nutritional value in tuberous roots of some wild dahlia species. The experiment was carried out in the Department of Plant Science of the Autonomous University Chapingo, Mexico. Plants were established in a randomized complete block design with five replications. The total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity (TA), vitamin C (VC), total phenols (TP), antioxidant capacity (AC), inulin and its proximate composition were evaluated. Among the materials analyzed, the most outstanding wild species were Dahlia campanulata, D. coccinea and D. brevis, where D. campanulata stood out for its concentration of VC (0.05 mg 100 g-1), AC (1.88 mg VCEAC g-1), inulin, DM and TC (72.25, 24.38 and 88.37%, respectively), however, the inulin content was similar to D. coccinea (66.17%), which was also outstanding with respect to the content of TP (1.74 mg GA g-1). Likewise, D. brevis presented the highest va...

Revista Chapingo Serie Horticultura, 2018

Revista Chapingo Serie Horticultura, 2019

T he poinsettia is an ornamental species native to Mexico, known and distributed worldwide, which... more T he poinsettia is an ornamental species native to Mexico, known and distributed worldwide, which has been bred to obtain the cultivars that currently adorn homes at Christmas. The objective of this study was to determine the genetic diversity of Euphorbia spp., through RAPD molecular markers, in 35 genotypes collected in the state of Morelos, Mexico. The study included four sun poinsettia varieties registered in Mexico and one species of E. leucocephala Lotsy. Twenty-one primers of 10 random nucleotides were used, producing 91.82 % polymorphism, i.e. 203 polymorphic DNA fragments of 222 generated. From a cluster analysis a resampling test was carried out using the Jackknifing method with 1,000 replicates, forming seven consistent groups represented in a dendrogram. The accessions that presented different genetic fragments were PASCUA, ROSA, AMA 2, TVOL 2, JIU 1 and JIU 2, from Cuernavaca, Tetela del Volcán and Jiutepec, differentiated mainly by their habitat and bract color. The analyses conducted coincided in the clustering of accessions, separating E. leucocephala from E. pulcherrima because it is a different species. The results showed a wide genetic diversity of the materials collected in Morelos, with accessions of importance for future breeding studies. L a nochebuena es una especie ornamental nativa de México conocida y distribuida mundialmente, que ha sido mejorada para obtener los cultivares que adornan actualmente en fiestas decembrinas. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la diversidad genética de Euphorbia spp., mediante marcadores moleculares RAPD, en 35 genotipos colectados en el estado de Morelos, México. En el estudio se incluyeron cuatro variedades de nochebuena de sol registradas en México y una especie de E. leucocephala Lotsy. Se utilizaron 21 iniciadores de 10 nucleótidos aleatorios que produjeron 91.82 % de polimorfismo, es decir, 203 fragmentos de ADN polimórficos de 222 generados. A partir de un análisis clúster se realizó una prueba de remuestreo por el método Jackknifing con 1,000 repeticiones y se formaron siete grupos consistentes representados en un dendrograma. Las accesiones que presentaron fragmentos genéticos distintos fueron PASCUA, ROSA, AMA 2, TVOL 2, JIU 1 y JIU 2, procedentes de Cuernavaca, Tetela del Volcán y Jiutepec, diferenciadas principalmente por su hábitat y color de brácteas. Los análisis realizados coincidieron en la agrupación de accesiones, separando a E. leucocephala de E. pulcherrima por ser una especie diferente. Los resultados obtenidos indicaron amplia diversidad genética de los materiales colectados en Morelos, con accesiones de importancia para próximos estudios de mejoramiento genético. www.chapingo.mx/revistas/horticultura


HortScience, 2005

Nitrogen and potassium changes in poinsettia `Supjibi Red' were evaluated at four stages: veg... more Nitrogen and potassium changes in poinsettia `Supjibi Red' were evaluated at four stages: vegetative growth, inductive stage, bract development and flowering. Nitrogen doses were 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 mg·L-1 and those of potassium were: 175, 250, 325, and 400 mg·L-1, which were applied constantly with irrigation. Plants were grown in 7-inch pots with tezontle as the substrate. A completly random experimental design with nine treatments and 10 replicates was used. Short photoperiod was applied from 61 days after transplant, covering plants for 14 hours from 7 pm on. Samples for nitrogen and potassium evaluations were taken from recently grown-up leaves at 25, 50, 75, 100 and 125 days after transplant. Nitrogen absorption increased up to 75 days after transplant; treatments with 400 and 500 mg·L-1 of nitrogen induced the highest foliar levels 2.44% and 2.6%, respectively. In the following sampling dates, nitrogen decreased for all treatments. Potassium content decreased as p...

HortScience, 2013

The uptake of nitrogen (N) in nitrate or ammonium (NH4+) form affects physiological and metabolic... more The uptake of nitrogen (N) in nitrate or ammonium (NH4+) form affects physiological and metabolic processes and toxicity may develop in plants receiving high concentrations of NH4+. The objective of the present study was to delineate the response of bell pepper plants to varying proportions of NH4+ combined with increasing concentrations of potassium (K) in the nutrient solution. Bell pepper plants were tolerant to moderate proportions of NH4+ (25% or less or 50% or less); however, higher proportions resulted in growth reduction. The application of higher K concentrations in the nutrient solution did not ameliorate the growth on vegetative plant parts; however, when K was increased to 9 mm, the yield was sustained even when 50% of total N was in the NH4+ form. Decreased shoot:root ratio and harvest index indicated that biomass accumulation was affected more in the shoot than in the root and in the fruit than in the shoot, respectively. There was a lower concentration of NH4+ in the ...

Journal of The Professional Association for Cactus Development, Aug 14, 2018

Pitaya (Stenocereus spp.) is an exotic fruit, which has been consumed since ancient times by pre-... more Pitaya (Stenocereus spp.) is an exotic fruit, which has been consumed since ancient times by pre-Hispanic cultures. Recently in Mexico, this cactus has been the target of commercial attention due to the pleasant taste of their succulent fruits with juicy and sweet pulp, and a great variety of colors (white, yellow, purple and red fruits). This fruit has excellent sensory, nutritional, nutraceutical, agroindustrial and medicinal attributes; however, it has been under-utilized. The high content of betalains in this fruit allows us to consider these varieties as a source of natural pigments to be used in the food industry. The aim of this study is to show "the state of the art" of the properties of Stenocereus, to promote its study, dissemination, production, consumption and agroindustrial use. The present study shows a description of its botany, distribution, cultivation, physiology, pre and postharvest aspects, nutritional and nutraceutical composition, as well as agroindustrial and medicinal uses. The production of this fruit represents an opportunity for the economic development of some arid and semi-arid zones of Mexico due to the agronomic, nutraceutical and agroindustrial advantages. Therefore, more studies are required, mainly on physiological, nutraceutical, medicinal and agroindustrial aspects, more specifically on the non-studied species of Stenocereus, and future researches should deal with development of agro-technologies to guarantee high yields and good quality products to enable growers to make a living from it.

Journal of the Professional Association for Cactus Development

Pitaya (Stenocereus griseus H.) is an exotic fruit produced in some regions of Mexico, where it i... more Pitaya (Stenocereus griseus H.) is an exotic fruit produced in some regions of Mexico, where it is mainly consumed fresh and valued in local markets. Its pulp has an intense red color, sweet flavor, small and easily chewable seeds, and compounds with antioxidant capacity, such as betalains and phenolics, which confer the fruit an important nutraceutical value. Therefore, in selected markets, the price of pitaya is considered high. However, pitaya has big spines that cause consumer rejection, due to the possibility of puncture. The spines also make it difficult to handle pitaya and cause mechanical damages. These circumstances make it indispensable to remove the spines from the fruit, but collaterally, the shelf-life is decreased, and consequently, its commercialization in distant markets is more difficult. It has been reported that postharvest treatments, such as application of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) and chitosan (Ch) coatings added with hydrophobic components like oleic acid ...

Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Agrícolas

México es el centro de origen de la nochebuena (Euphorbia pulcherrima, Willd. ex Klotzch), no ob... more México es el centro de origen de la nochebuena (Euphorbia pulcherrima, Willd. ex Klotzch), no obstante, la producción depende de las variedades generadas en otros países porque no se tienen variedades nacionales. Para el mejoramiento genético de cualquier especie es necesario el estudio de la biología reproductiva. Con base en lo anterior, el objetivo de la presente investigación fue evaluar la reproducción de tres variedades de nochebuena de sol (Belén, Juan Pablo, Amanecer navideño) y seis cultivares de sombra (Freedom, Prestige, Ice punch, Nutcracker white, Sonora White glitter y Burgundy) para definir las bases de métodos de mejoramiento genético. Se determinó la viabilidad del polen mediante tinción con aceto-carmín y germinación de polen; se estudió el horario en que las flores estuvieron receptivas, aplicando una gota de H2O2 sobre el estigma; se establecieron cuatro tratamientos para determinar el tipo de polinización de las plantas de nochebuena. La investi...

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Hortorum Cultus, 2021

The aim of this research was to evaluate the nutritional value, bioactive compounds and capacity... more The aim of this research was to evaluate the nutritional value, bioactive compounds and capacity antioxidant in ligulate flowers of dahlia with different colour. The statistical analysis reveals that the petals of the pink and purple colour have more protein and raw fibre (18.54 and 19.25, 16.54 and 15.81%, respectively) and similar raw fat values between the analysed colours. Likewise, the flowers with the highest content of vitamin C, phenols and total flavonoids were observed in the pink, purple and cherry colours, where the latter also stands out for its content of total anthocyanins (3.2 mg cyanidin-3-glucoside 100 g–1). However, the yellow ones showed higher antioxidant capacity (68.82 mg AAEVC 100 g–1), which coincides with that found with the concentration of total carotenoids (0.64 μg β-carotene g–1). For the consumers who choose to change their eating habits and seek to include ingredients of vegetable origin (vegetarian and vegan) with low caloric content and a sufficient

The objective of this work was to characterize cactus pear production system in Axapusco, Estado ... more The objective of this work was to characterize cactus pear production system in Axapusco, Estado de Mexico by performing surveys among farmers and interviews to key partici pants. Most are peasants and have parcels in "ejidos" (73 %). The production system shows high variability. They plow the surface (37 %) or the subsoil (34 %). The typical density is 600 to 700 plants per hectare (38 %). The com- mon distance between plants is 4.0 m by 4.0 m (55 %). The white cactus pear (Opuntia albicarpa) is predominant in the region (74 %). Two-thirds of the farmers use manual weed control. Fresh cattle manure is used by 54 % of the farmers. Most farmers do not receive any technical assistance (96 %). Furthermore, a large proportion of the farmers said they do not receive any governmental subsidy (71 %). The most important problem for farmers is the control of pests and diseases (34 %); followed by low fruit price and orchard management (both 21 %). The lack of technical knowledge is...

Agrociencia, 2018

Physalis peruviana L. is a native shrub to the Andes area, with commercial potential in Mexican m... more Physalis peruviana L. is a native shrub to the Andes area, with commercial potential in Mexican markets. Its cultivation depends on the climate, its production system and the technology used to increase its productivity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of transplant date (TD), application of foliar boron (B) and potassium (K) in the nutrient solution, and pruning, during hydroponic fruits production in greenhouse. We carried out the study at the Colegio de Postgraduados, with plants of the “Colombia” variety. The experimental design consisted on divided plots: the large plot was the transplant date, June, July and August 2013; the small plot was the combination of B (0, 1, 3 mg L-1 ), K (3.5 and 7 meq L-1 ) and pruning (maintaining three stems and no pruning). The evaluated variables were fruits fresh weight with calyx (FWC) and without calyx (FWWC), fruit number (FN), fruit average weight (FAW) and number of cracked fruits (CF) during a two-month harvest peri...

Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura, 2021

The aim of this research was to study the effect of two factors: elicitors and fungicide doses. T... more The aim of this research was to study the effect of two factors: elicitors and fungicide doses. The experiment was conducted in 2017 and 2018. The treatments were applied in four randomized complete blocks with six peach trees as the experimental unit. The effectiveness of treatments was evaluated after harvest so that fruits were inoculated with Monilinia fructicola and lesion diameter measurements were performed to evaluate the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) and determine the rate of increase. The content of total phenols and the activity of peroxidase, polyphenoloxidase, catalase and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase enzymes were evaluated. The results showed that applications of potassium phosphite combined with full fungicide doses reduced AUDPC of Monilinia fructicola by 47% compared with the control (no elicitor, no fungicide). The content of phenols and the enzymatic activity increased with the application of elicitors. Pre-harvest application of elicitors is a viab...

Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Agrícolas, 2017

La aplicación de una concentración adecuada de magnesio (Mg2+) es esencial para producir planta... more La aplicación de una concentración adecuada de magnesio (Mg2+) es esencial para producir plantas de calidad, porque es un auxiliar en el metabolismo del fosfato, respiración de la planta y activación de varios sistemas enzimáticos involucrados en el metabolismo energético; además, es necesario cuantificar la concentración de los nutrimentos absorbidos por las plantas para determinar una buena fertilización. La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar la concentración óptima de Mg2+ en relación a la calidad, vida de f lorero y estado nutrimentalenplantasdeLiliumcv.Casablanca.Elexperimento seestablecióenlaUniversidadAutónomaChapingo,Texcoco, Estado de México, en invernadero, con bulbos de 18/20 cm, bajo un diseño completamente al azar, con 10 tratamientos: 0, 2.06,4,6.17,8.23,10.29,12.35,16.46,18.52y20.58meqL-1 de Mg2+ y 10 repeticiones. El número de hojas, altura, área foliar, diámetro (basal, medio y apical), longitud y ancho de tépalos, materia seca...

Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Agrícolas, 2018

Se evaluó la vida en florero de inflorescencias de lisianthus ‘ABC Blue Rim’ almacenadas en húmed... more Se evaluó la vida en florero de inflorescencias de lisianthus ‘ABC Blue Rim’ almacenadas en húmedo o seco durante 5, 10 y 15 días a 3 °C y 85% de humedad relativa (HR) en oscuridad; antes del almacenamiento se aplicó una solución pulso 3% de sacarosa + 200 mg L-1 de Hidroxiquinoleína citrato por 24 h. Al salir de temperatura baja, la vida en florero se evaluó en una cámara con una temperatura de 20 ± 1 °C y 80 ± 2% HR, periodo de 12 h luz/oscuridad y una PAR de 173 ± 50 µmol m2 s-1. Un grupo de inflorescencias no se almacenaron a temperatura baja (testigo); estas inflorescencias mostraron un comportamiento climatérico, un incremento de peso fresco relativo (7.2%), consumo de agua (31.1 mL tallo-1) y conductancia estomática (170 mmol m2 s-1), a los nueve días después de cosecha se tuvieron tres flores abiertas con regular apariencia y la actividad en catalasa se incrementó hasta 6.3 U g-1 de peso fresco, en tanto que la actividad de peroxidasa se mantuvo constante durante la vida en ...

AgroProductividad, 2020

Objetivo: evaluar el efecto de las aplicaciones foliares de micronutrimentos en la calidad de fru... more Objetivo: evaluar el efecto de las aplicaciones foliares de micronutrimentos en la calidad de frutos de tomate (Solanum lycopersicum L.) producido en acuaponía.Diseño/metodología/aproximación: los tratamientos fueron ACU, acuaponía; ACUFF1 acuaponía más fertilización foliar 1 (en mg L -1 ) con 12.50 Fe, 5.83 Mn, 1.17 Zn, 1.08 B, 0.47 Cu, 0.43 Mo y ACUFF2, acuaponía más fertilización foliar 2 (en mg L -1 ) 25.0 Fe, 11.67 Mn, 2.33 Zn, 2.17 B, 0.93 Cu y 0.87 Mo e hidroponía convencional, HID, con la solución nutritiva Steiner. Para evaluar los sólidos solubles totales (SST), acidez titulable (AT), relación SST/AT, conductividad eléctrica (CE), pH y el contenido delicopeno se utilizaron frutos maduros (completamente rojos). El experimento se condujo bajo un diseño completamente al azar con cuatro repeticiones. Se realizó un análisis de varianza utilizando el procedimiento GLM y la comparación de medias por Tukey (P ≤ 0.05) con el programa SAS 9.3.Resultados: las aplicaciones foliares en...

Chilean journal of agricultural & animal sciences, 2018

El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar el rendimiento y calidad fisicoquímica del fruto en... more El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar el rendimiento y calidad fisicoquímica del fruto en siete líneas experimentales avanzadas de tomate cherry, como respuesta a tres niveles (2,0; 2,5; y 3,0 dS m -1 ) de conductividad eléctrica (CE) de la solución nutritiva de Steiner. El diseño experimental fue completamente al azar con seis repeticiones. Se evaluó el rendimiento, número de frutos por racimo (NFPR), peso promedio de fruto (PPF), color, firmeza, sólidos solubles totales (SST), acidez titulable (AT), vitamina C (VC), fenoles totales (FT), licopeno (Li) y capacidad antioxidante (CA). Los niveles de CE de 2,5 y 3,0 dS m -1 mostraron estadísticamente la mejor firmeza (1,23 y 1,14 N mm -1 ), SST (7,04 y 7,08°Brix), AT (0,49-0,50% ácido cítrico), VC (13,91 y 8,91 mg 100 g -1 ), Li (9,17 y 10,75 mg 100 g -1 ) y CA (45,96-52,21 mm TEAC g -1 ). Entre genotipos, H13-39 fue la de mayor rendimiento y PPF con 9,47 kg m -2 y 38,35 g, respectivamente. Adicionalmente L-ChNg1 y L-ChNg2 presentaron los frutos más firmes y H13-26 los de mayor AT y VC. Con excepción de H13-39, L-ChNg1 y L-ChNg2, el resto de genotipos se caracterizaron por su alta CA (55,53-60,60 mm TEAC g -1 ). Sin embargo, H13-39 y L-ChNg1 presentaron los mayores contenidos de Li. La modificación de la CE de la solución nutritiva de Steiner mantuvo sin cambios a los componentes de rendimiento evaluados, pero afectó la calidad fisicoquímica del fruto entre genotipos. Esto permitió observar líneas experimentales sobresalientes y con potencial para su aprovechamiento comercial.

Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Agrícolas, 2018

El estado de Morelos es uno de los principales productores de plantas ornamentales en el país, p... more El estado de Morelos es uno de los principales productores de plantas ornamentales en el país, presenta condiciones favorables para la producción de diferentes cultivos. La nochebuena de sol es un arbusto ornamental y tradicional de gran importancia económica y social, en el municipio de Cuernavaca. Se produce de manera convencional en vivero a cielo abierto desde hace más de treinta años. Las variedades de mayor producción son de brácteas color rojo: ‘Valenciana’, seguida de ‘Superior’ y ‘Rehilete’, requiere poca inversión en infraestructura e insumos, presenta algunos problemas fitosanitarios, con notable demanda en el mercado nacional y actualmente alcanza un precio similar a lanochebuenadeinvernadero.Lainformaciónescritasobre el manejo agronómico de nochebuena de sol es escasa, por lo que se realizó una investigación de campo a productores de este cultivo en la zona norte del municipio de Cuernavaca, mediante la aplicación de una encuesta, para obtener información ...

Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca, 2019

The aim of this research was to evaluate the physicochemical quality, antioxidant capacity and nu... more The aim of this research was to evaluate the physicochemical quality, antioxidant capacity and nutritional value in tuberous roots of some wild dahlia species. The experiment was carried out in the Department of Plant Science of the Autonomous University Chapingo, Mexico. Plants were established in a randomized complete block design with five replications. The total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity (TA), vitamin C (VC), total phenols (TP), antioxidant capacity (AC), inulin and its proximate composition were evaluated. Among the materials analyzed, the most outstanding wild species were Dahlia campanulata, D. coccinea and D. brevis, where D. campanulata stood out for its concentration of VC (0.05 mg 100 g-1), AC (1.88 mg VCEAC g-1), inulin, DM and TC (72.25, 24.38 and 88.37%, respectively), however, the inulin content was similar to D. coccinea (66.17%), which was also outstanding with respect to the content of TP (1.74 mg GA g-1). Likewise, D. brevis presented the highest va...

Revista Chapingo Serie Horticultura, 2018

Revista Chapingo Serie Horticultura, 2019

T he poinsettia is an ornamental species native to Mexico, known and distributed worldwide, which... more T he poinsettia is an ornamental species native to Mexico, known and distributed worldwide, which has been bred to obtain the cultivars that currently adorn homes at Christmas. The objective of this study was to determine the genetic diversity of Euphorbia spp., through RAPD molecular markers, in 35 genotypes collected in the state of Morelos, Mexico. The study included four sun poinsettia varieties registered in Mexico and one species of E. leucocephala Lotsy. Twenty-one primers of 10 random nucleotides were used, producing 91.82 % polymorphism, i.e. 203 polymorphic DNA fragments of 222 generated. From a cluster analysis a resampling test was carried out using the Jackknifing method with 1,000 replicates, forming seven consistent groups represented in a dendrogram. The accessions that presented different genetic fragments were PASCUA, ROSA, AMA 2, TVOL 2, JIU 1 and JIU 2, from Cuernavaca, Tetela del Volcán and Jiutepec, differentiated mainly by their habitat and bract color. The analyses conducted coincided in the clustering of accessions, separating E. leucocephala from E. pulcherrima because it is a different species. The results showed a wide genetic diversity of the materials collected in Morelos, with accessions of importance for future breeding studies. L a nochebuena es una especie ornamental nativa de México conocida y distribuida mundialmente, que ha sido mejorada para obtener los cultivares que adornan actualmente en fiestas decembrinas. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la diversidad genética de Euphorbia spp., mediante marcadores moleculares RAPD, en 35 genotipos colectados en el estado de Morelos, México. En el estudio se incluyeron cuatro variedades de nochebuena de sol registradas en México y una especie de E. leucocephala Lotsy. Se utilizaron 21 iniciadores de 10 nucleótidos aleatorios que produjeron 91.82 % de polimorfismo, es decir, 203 fragmentos de ADN polimórficos de 222 generados. A partir de un análisis clúster se realizó una prueba de remuestreo por el método Jackknifing con 1,000 repeticiones y se formaron siete grupos consistentes representados en un dendrograma. Las accesiones que presentaron fragmentos genéticos distintos fueron PASCUA, ROSA, AMA 2, TVOL 2, JIU 1 y JIU 2, procedentes de Cuernavaca, Tetela del Volcán y Jiutepec, diferenciadas principalmente por su hábitat y color de brácteas. Los análisis realizados coincidieron en la agrupación de accesiones, separando a E. leucocephala de E. pulcherrima por ser una especie diferente. Los resultados obtenidos indicaron amplia diversidad genética de los materiales colectados en Morelos, con accesiones de importancia para próximos estudios de mejoramiento genético. www.chapingo.mx/revistas/horticultura


HortScience, 2005

Nitrogen and potassium changes in poinsettia `Supjibi Red' were evaluated at four stages: veg... more Nitrogen and potassium changes in poinsettia `Supjibi Red' were evaluated at four stages: vegetative growth, inductive stage, bract development and flowering. Nitrogen doses were 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 mg·L-1 and those of potassium were: 175, 250, 325, and 400 mg·L-1, which were applied constantly with irrigation. Plants were grown in 7-inch pots with tezontle as the substrate. A completly random experimental design with nine treatments and 10 replicates was used. Short photoperiod was applied from 61 days after transplant, covering plants for 14 hours from 7 pm on. Samples for nitrogen and potassium evaluations were taken from recently grown-up leaves at 25, 50, 75, 100 and 125 days after transplant. Nitrogen absorption increased up to 75 days after transplant; treatments with 400 and 500 mg·L-1 of nitrogen induced the highest foliar levels 2.44% and 2.6%, respectively. In the following sampling dates, nitrogen decreased for all treatments. Potassium content decreased as p...

HortScience, 2013

The uptake of nitrogen (N) in nitrate or ammonium (NH4+) form affects physiological and metabolic... more The uptake of nitrogen (N) in nitrate or ammonium (NH4+) form affects physiological and metabolic processes and toxicity may develop in plants receiving high concentrations of NH4+. The objective of the present study was to delineate the response of bell pepper plants to varying proportions of NH4+ combined with increasing concentrations of potassium (K) in the nutrient solution. Bell pepper plants were tolerant to moderate proportions of NH4+ (25% or less or 50% or less); however, higher proportions resulted in growth reduction. The application of higher K concentrations in the nutrient solution did not ameliorate the growth on vegetative plant parts; however, when K was increased to 9 mm, the yield was sustained even when 50% of total N was in the NH4+ form. Decreased shoot:root ratio and harvest index indicated that biomass accumulation was affected more in the shoot than in the root and in the fruit than in the shoot, respectively. There was a lower concentration of NH4+ in the ...