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Papers by Maria Erhardt

Research paper thumbnail of Influência do tratamento de superfície na resistência de união por cisalhamento de um cerômero indireto

Revista Da Faculdade De Odontologia De Porto Alegre, Mar 21, 2013

The present study showed a comparative analysis of shear bond strength of a ceromer after differe... more The present study showed a comparative analysis of shear bond strength of a ceromer after different surface treatments. Material and methods: For that, thirty human molars had their free surfaces drilled until exposing the dentin tissue, where the ceromer specimen were cemented (belleGlass HP), with three surface treatments before cementation: control group, without surface treatment (group 1); group 2: etched with fluoridric acid (10%) and group 3: etched with aluminum oxide jet (50um). All groups were tested in a universal testing machine, with 1mm/min crosshead speed, in a shear bond strength test. Data were analysed by ANOVA and Tukey tests. Results: It was shown statistically significant differences (p=0.002) between control group and group 3. Conclusions: Ceromer surface treatment Intervenes on shear bond strength to dentin, being the aluminium oxide jet the best way to improve bond strength.

Research paper thumbnail of The effect of rebonding on microleakage of class V aesthetic restorations

Operative Dentistry

This in vitro study evaluated the effect of rebonding on microleakage of a resin composite, a con... more This in vitro study evaluated the effect of rebonding on microleakage of a resin composite, a condensable resin and two polyacid-modified resin composite restorations. Standardized cylindrical Class V dentin cavities were prepared on the buccal root surfaces of 240 extracted bovine incisive teeth. The prepared teeth were randomly assigned to four groups of 60 teeth and restored with the following restorative systems: I--(ZS) Z100/Scotchbond Multi-Purpose Plus; II--(SS) Solitaire/Solid Bond; III--(FS) Freedom/Stae; IV--(FSB) F200/Single Bond. Thirty teeth of each group were rebonded with a low-viscosity resin (Fortify/BISCO), according to the manufacturer's instructions. The remaining teeth received no treatment. All teeth were thermocycled for 5,000 cycles and brushed by hand three times a day for 10 days using a toothbrush and a slurry of dentifrice and water. Specimens were stained in a 2% methylene blue solution and longitudinally sectioned with diamond disks. Microleakage was scored on a scale of 0 to 3. The Kruskal-Wallis test showed statistically significant differences among the groups (h=156.54; alpha<0.05). Pairwise comparison by means of the least significant difference showed that (SS) and (FS) with or without rebonding were not statistically different from each other. These groups showed the highest microleakage differences from (ZS) and (FSB) with or without rebonding. (ZS) with rebonding showed the lowest microleakage that was not statistically different from (ZS) without rebonding and (FSB) with rebonding.

Research paper thumbnail of Ascorbic acid influence on resin-dentin bond resistance to degradation

Research paper thumbnail of Weight loss evaluation of direct and indirect veneer reductions

Research paper thumbnail of Clinical Evaluation of two Adhesive Systems in Class II Restorations

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of pre-heating composites on film thickness

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of pre-heating two resin composites... more Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of pre-heating two resin composites on its film thickness in order to use it as a luting agent for indirect restorations (inlays and onlays). Method: Three materials were divided into 5 groups. Two resin composites, nanofilled (Z350 XT/3MESPE) and microhybrid (Opallis/FGM), pre–heated and room temperature, and a resin cement (AllCem/FGM) were tested. Following the guidelines from ISO 4049, each material (0,05mL) was pressed under 15kg between two glass plates covered with polyester film for 180 seconds. After pressed, the material was light polymerized with a LED for 40s and the film thickness measured using a digital micrometer. When testing the groups of pre-heated resin composites the material was heated (64°C) on a specific device (CalSet/AdDent) before all procedures. Data were analyzed using t-Student, ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test (α=.05). Result: Resin cement group showed the lower film thickness mean (28,2 µm), f...

Research paper thumbnail of Title: Direct anterior composite veneers in vital and non-vital teeth: a retrospective clinical evaluation

Journal of Dentistry, 2015

Objectives: This retrospective, longitudinal clinical study investigated the performance of direc... more Objectives: This retrospective, longitudinal clinical study investigated the performance of direct veneers using different composites (microfilled  universal) in vital or non-vital anterior teeth. Methods: Records from 86 patients were retrieved from a Dental School clinic, comprising 196 direct veneers to be evaluated. The FDI criteria were used to assess the clinical evaluation. The survival analysis was done using Kaplan-Meier method and Log-Rank test. The multivariate Cox regression with shared frailty was used to investigate the factors associated with failure. Results: A total of 196 veneers were evaluated, with 39 failures. The mean time of service for the veneers was 3.5 years, with a general survival rate of 80.1%. In the qualitative evaluation of the restorations, microfilled composite showed slighty better esthetics. The annual failure rates (AFR) were 4.9% for veneers in vital teeth and 9.8% for non-vital teeth with statistical significance (p = 0.009). For microfilled and universal veneers the respective AFRs were 6.0% and 6.2% (p > 0.05). Veneers made in non-vital teeth had a higher risk of failure over time compared to those made in vital teeth (HR 2.78; 95% CI 1.02-7.56), but the type of material was not a significant factor (p = 0.991). The main reason for failure was fracture of the veneer. Conclusion: Direct composite veneers showed a satisfactory clinical performance. Veneers performed in vital teeth showed a better performance than those placed in non-vital teeth. No difference in the survival rate for different composites was found, although microfilled composites showed a slightly better esthetic appearance. Clinical significance: Direct composite veneers show good results in esthetic dentistry nowadays. Composite veneers in vital teeth have a lower risk of failure than those in non-vital teeth.

Research paper thumbnail of Direct or indirect composite veneers in anterior teeth: which method causes higher tooth mass loss? An in vitro study

General dentistry

There is little information in the literature regarding the relationship between preparations mad... more There is little information in the literature regarding the relationship between preparations made for direct and indirect veneers and the loss of tooth structure required for each technique. This in vitro study sought to quantify the different mass losses from preparation techniques used for direct and indirect veneers. Thirty artificial teeth were weighted using a digital balance and placed in a dental manikin in the position corresponding to the right maxillary central incisor. Five clinicians-all experts in esthetic dentistry-were asked to perform conventional preparations for both a direct composite resin veneer and an indirect ceramic veneer. After preparations, specimens were weighted again in the same digital balance. Teeth undergoing veneer preparations demonstrated a statistically significant mass loss compared to unprepared teeth. Indirect ceramic veneer preparations produced more mass loss than direct composite veneer preparations (P < 0.01).

Research paper thumbnail of Influence of laboratory degradation methods and bonding application parameters on microTBS of self-etch adhesives to dentin

American journal of dentistry, 2011

To evaluate the laboratory resistance to degradation and the use of different bonding treatments ... more To evaluate the laboratory resistance to degradation and the use of different bonding treatments on resin-dentin bonds formed with three self-etching adhesive systems. Flat, mid-coronal dentin surfaces from extracted human molars were bonded according to manufacturer's directions and submitted to two challenging regimens: (A) chemical degradation with 10% NaOC1 immersion for 5 hours; and (B) fatigue loading at 90 N using 50,000 cycles at 3.0 Hz. Additional dentin surfaces were bonded following four different bonding application protocols: (1) according to manufacturer's directions; (2) acid-etched with 36% phosphoric acid (H3PO4) for 15 seconds; (3) 10% sodium hypochlorite (NaOClaq) treated for 2 minutes, after H3PO4-etching; and (4) doubling the application time of the adhesives. Two one-step self-etch adhesives (an acetone-based: Futurabond/FUT and an ethanol-based: Futurabond NR/FNR) and a two-step self-etch primer system (Clearfil SE Bond/CSE) were examined. Specimens we...

Research paper thumbnail of Influence of dentin acid-etching and NaOCl-treatment on bond strengths of self-etch adhesives

American journal of dentistry, 2008

To determine the microtensile bond strength (microTBS) of one- and two-step self-etch adhesives b... more To determine the microtensile bond strength (microTBS) of one- and two-step self-etch adhesives bonded to sound dentin conditioned or not with phosphoric acid (H3PO4) and sodium hypochlorite (H3PO4 + NaOCl). Extracted human third molars had their crowns transversally sectioned to expose flat dentin surfaces that were divided into four groups, and bonded as follow: (1) according to the manufacturers' directions, (2) acid etched with 36% H3PO4, and (3) 10% NaOCl treated for 2 minutes, after H3PO4 etching. Two two-step self-etching primers (Clearfil SE Bond/SEB and Resulcin/RE), and two one-step adhesives (One-Up Bond F/OUB and Etch & Prime 3.0/EP) were examined. Composite build-ups were constructed incrementally with Tetric Ceram. The specimens were stored in humidity for 24 hours at 37 degrees C and sectioned into beams of 1.0 mm2 cross-sectional area. Each beam was tested in tension in an Instron machine at 0.5 mm/minute, and mean microTBS data (MPa) were analyzed by 2-way ANOVA...

Research paper thumbnail of The effect of rebonding on microleakage of class V aesthetic restorations

Operative dentistry

This in vitro study evaluated the effect of rebonding on microleakage of a resin composite, a con... more This in vitro study evaluated the effect of rebonding on microleakage of a resin composite, a condensable resin and two polyacid-modified resin composite restorations. Standardized cylindrical Class V dentin cavities were prepared on the buccal root surfaces of 240 extracted bovine incisive teeth. The prepared teeth were randomly assigned to four groups of 60 teeth and restored with the following restorative systems: I--(ZS) Z100/Scotchbond Multi-Purpose Plus; II--(SS) Solitaire/Solid Bond; III--(FS) Freedom/Stae; IV--(FSB) F200/Single Bond. Thirty teeth of each group were rebonded with a low-viscosity resin (Fortify/BISCO), according to the manufacturer's instructions. The remaining teeth received no treatment. All teeth were thermocycled for 5,000 cycles and brushed by hand three times a day for 10 days using a toothbrush and a slurry of dentifrice and water. Specimens were stained in a 2% methylene blue solution and longitudinally sectioned with diamond disks. Microleakage wa...

Research paper thumbnail of Avaliação clínica retrospectiva de restaurações cervicais de resina composta

Revista da Faculdade de Odontologia - UPF, 2014

RESUMO| Introdução: A resina composta é frequentemente utilizada na saúde pública, sendo um dos p... more RESUMO| Introdução: A resina composta é frequentemente utilizada na saúde pública, sendo um dos principais materiais usados na atenção primária. Um estudo de avaliação retrospectiva reflete uma real situação dos procedimentos restauradores. Objetivo: Realizar uma avaliação clínica retrospectiva de restaurações diretas proximais de resinas compostas em dentes anteriores (classes III e IV) realizadas na Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Métodos: De acordo com os critérios de inclusão e exclusão, dois métodos de avaliação foram utilizados por um examinador calibrado e cego, o USPHS e o FDI modificados. Resultados: Foram avaliadas 79 restaurações, feitas de há 6 meses até há 20 anos. As restaurações proximais foram divididas em dois grupos, classe III (n = 33) e classe IV (n = 46). Na classe III, oito delas foram classificadas como clinicamente insatisfatórias em pelo menos um dos métodos de avaliação clínica (24%). Já na classe IV, nove delas se apresentaram como insuficientes (20%). As maiores causas de falha para a classe III foram: manchamento marginal (12%) e adaptação marginal (12%) pelo FDI, integridade marginal (9%) e cárie secundária (9%) pelo USPHS; e para classe IV: fraturas e retenção (11%) pelo FDI, forma anatômica (9%) e fraturas e retenção (9%) pelo USPHS. Conclusão: Restaurações de resina composta demonstraram um desempenho clínico satisfatório ao longo do tempo, apresentando uma baixa taxa de falha no período avaliado. Os dois métodos (USPHS e FDI) se mostraram eficazes no processo de avaliação clínica.

Research paper thumbnail of Influence of different tests used to measure the bond strength to dentin of two adhesive systems

American journal of dentistry, 2006

To investigate the behavior of two bonding systems: self-etching primer Clearfil Liner Bond 2V (C... more To investigate the behavior of two bonding systems: self-etching primer Clearfil Liner Bond 2V (CLB) and total-etch Single Bond (SB) when submitted to two bond strength tests: shear bond strength (SBS) and microtensile (MTBS). Flat dentin surfaces were obtained at the facial surface of extracted bovine incisors. muTBS started with adhesive application and incremental resin composite insertion. Samples were then sliced into 1 mm slabs parallel to the long axis of the tooth. Half of the specimens from each group were trimmed in order to obtain dumbbell-shaped (D) specimens with a cross-sectional area of 1 mm2, and in the other half of the group, the slabs were cut into beams (B) with a cross section of 1 mm2 area. Specimens were individually fractured on a microtensile apparatus. For SBS, crown segments were embedded in polyester resin and a flat dentin surface was exposed for bonding. After adhesive and restorative procedures were accomplished, the specimens were kept in water for 24...

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of long-term water storage on etch-and-rinse and self-etching resin-dentin bond strengths

General dentistry

This study sought to evaluate the long-term bond strength of etch-and-rinse and self-etch adhesiv... more This study sought to evaluate the long-term bond strength of etch-and-rinse and self-etch adhesive systems to dentin after one year of water storage. Crown fragments from the buccal surface of extracted bovine incisors were ground flat to expose dentin surfaces. Four etch-and-rinse and two self-etch bonding agents were used according to manufacturers' instructions. Bonded specimens were stored in water for either 24 hours or one year at 37 delete C. After elapsed storage times, specimens were tested for shear bond strength (SBS) at 0.5 mm/min. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey's tests (p < 0.05). Both evaluated factors (adhesive system and storage time) and their interactions were statistically significant. Single Bond produced the highest SBS regardless of the water degradation period. One-year water storage reduced the SBS of Prime & Bond NT and One-Up Bond F significantly; the other adhesives performed similarly. Long-term bond strengths of etch-and-rinse and self-...

Research paper thumbnail of Emerging Polymers in Dentistry

Advanced Polymers in Medicine, 2014

Polymers represent the foundation of modern restorative Dentistry. The majority of dental procedu... more Polymers represent the foundation of modern restorative Dentistry. The majority of dental procedures currently utilized in clinical dentistry depend on the close interaction of polymeric materials with dental tissues. In fact, the dental matrix itself is largely constituted of natural polymers, such as collagen fibrils, that constitute the organic matrix of dentin, cementum and bone. In this chapter, several direct restorative materials will be described in light of their polymeric composition and dental application. Particular emphasis will be given to emerging restorative materials, such as new classes of dental adhesives and composite resins. Additionally, we discuss emerging classes of dental polymers, which have been recently utilized to infiltrate demineralized enamel and to assist remineralization of collagen fibrils in carious dentin.

Research paper thumbnail of In vitro influence of Carisolv on shear bond strength of dentin bonding agents

Quintessence international (Berlin, Germany : 1985)

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of Carisolv on the shear bond strength (SBS) ... more The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of Carisolv on the shear bond strength (SBS) of hydrophilic adhesive systems in dentin. Two hundred bovine incisors were polished with 320- to 1,000-grit aluminum oxide paper and randomly divided into 10 groups (n = 20). The adhesive systems were used according to manufacturer's instructions, and a restorative resin composite (Definite) was inserted in a Teflon matrix and cured. The specimens were kept in humid storage for 7 days at 37 degrees C. The SBS tests were performed in an EMIC universal testing machine with a crosshead speed at 0.5 mm/min. The mean values (MPa +/- [SD]) were analyzed with analysis of variance and Dunnett and Tukey tests. The results were expressed in decreasing values (MPa): G6 = 18.55 +/- 6.95; G3 = 17.55 +/- 5.73; G2 = 17.05 +/- 5.33; G8 = 16.95 +/- 7.13; G7 = 16.94 +/- 5.22; G4 = 16.31 +/- 3.38; G1 = 15.85 +/- 4.45; G9 = 14.21 +/- 5.87; G5 = 12.89 +/- 3.79; and G10 = 12.31 +/- 5.18. Carisolv did not...

Research paper thumbnail of The effect of in-office in combination with intracoronal bleaching on enamel and dentin bond strength and dentin morphology

The journal of contemporary dental practice, 2008

The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro effects of the combination of in-office and intrac... more The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro effects of the combination of in-office and intracoronal bleaching on enamel and dentin bond strength and on dentin morphology. Bleaching treatment was performed on 128 bovine teeth for three weeks. Intracoronal bleaching was performed in groups G1 to G3, and in the other groups a combination of in-office and intracoronal bleaching was performed. The following agents and materials were used (n=16): G1- sodium perborate and water (SP); G2- 37% carbamide peroxide (CP); G3- 35% hydrogen peroxide (HP); G4- HP + cotton pellet soaked in water (CPW); G5- HP + SP; G6- HP + CP; G7- HP + HP; and G8- CPW (control). Seven days after bleaching treatment the teeth were sectioned into two halves. One half of each tooth was ground to obtain a flat dentin surface. Dentin and enamel fragments were treated with a dentin/enamel resin adhesive. Resin composite was inserted in two increments and polymerized for 20 seconds. Following the restorative procedure...

Research paper thumbnail of Increases in Dentin-bond Strength If Doubling Application Time of an Acetone-containing One-step Adhesive

Operative Dentistry, 2007

This study investigated the microtensile bond strength (microTBS) of a one-step self-etching adhe... more This study investigated the microtensile bond strength (microTBS) of a one-step self-etching adhesive to human dentin and bovine enamel following different bonding treatments. Occlusal portions of human molars and labial surfaces of bovine incisors were ground flat to provide uniform dentin and enamel surfaces, respectively. Futurabond was used following five different protocols: 1) according to the manufacturer&#39;s directions, 2) acid etched with 36% phosphoric acid (H3PO4) for 15 seconds, 3) 10% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) treated for two minutes after H3PO4-etching, 4) doubling the application time of the adhesive and 5) doubling the number of adhesive coats. Composite build-ups (6 mm in height) were constructed incrementally with Arabesk resin composite. The specimens were stored in 100% humidity for 24 hours at 37 degrees C and sectioned into beams of 1.0 mm2 cross-sectional area. Each beam was tested in tension in an Instron machine at 0.5 mm/minute, and mean microTBS data (MPa) were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and post-hoc multiple comparisons tests (alpha = 0.05). Doubling the application time of Futurabond attained the highest microTBS to dentin; whereas, no differences among all bonding application parameters evaluated could be detected when the adhesive was applied to enamel.

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of Double Layering and Prolonged Application Time on MTBS of Water/Ethanol-based Self-etch Adhesives to Dentin

Operative Dentistry, 2009

One way of possibly improving bond strength is by changing the application mode of self-etch adhe... more One way of possibly improving bond strength is by changing the application mode of self-etch adhesives. The current study evaluated the resin-dentin microtensile bond strength (MTBS) promoted by two-and one-step self-etching adhesives after different bonding application procedures. Flat dentin surfaces from extracted human molars were bonded: 1) according to the manufacturers' instructions, 2) duplicating the number of adhesive coats and 3) doubling the application time of the acidic primers. Two-step (Clearfil SE Bond/SEB and Resulcin AquaPrime/RE) and one-step (Etch & Prime 3.0/EP and One-Up Bond F/OUB) self-etch adhesives were used. Resin-dentin beams were tested in tension at 0.5 mm/minute. Selected debonded beams were observed under scanning electron microscopy (SEM). MTBS data were analyzed by ANOVA and multiple comparison tests (p<0.05). © Operative Dentistry, 2009, 34-5, 571-577

Research paper thumbnail of Influence of different surface conditioning protocols on microtensile bond strength of self-adhesive resin cements to dentin

The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry, 2011

According to manufacturers, bonding with self-adhesive resin cements can be achieved without any ... more According to manufacturers, bonding with self-adhesive resin cements can be achieved without any pretreatment steps such as etching, priming, or bonding. However, the benefit of saving time with these simplified luting systems may be realized at the expense of compromising the bonding capacity.

Research paper thumbnail of Influência do tratamento de superfície na resistência de união por cisalhamento de um cerômero indireto

Revista Da Faculdade De Odontologia De Porto Alegre, Mar 21, 2013

The present study showed a comparative analysis of shear bond strength of a ceromer after differe... more The present study showed a comparative analysis of shear bond strength of a ceromer after different surface treatments. Material and methods: For that, thirty human molars had their free surfaces drilled until exposing the dentin tissue, where the ceromer specimen were cemented (belleGlass HP), with three surface treatments before cementation: control group, without surface treatment (group 1); group 2: etched with fluoridric acid (10%) and group 3: etched with aluminum oxide jet (50um). All groups were tested in a universal testing machine, with 1mm/min crosshead speed, in a shear bond strength test. Data were analysed by ANOVA and Tukey tests. Results: It was shown statistically significant differences (p=0.002) between control group and group 3. Conclusions: Ceromer surface treatment Intervenes on shear bond strength to dentin, being the aluminium oxide jet the best way to improve bond strength.

Research paper thumbnail of The effect of rebonding on microleakage of class V aesthetic restorations

Operative Dentistry

This in vitro study evaluated the effect of rebonding on microleakage of a resin composite, a con... more This in vitro study evaluated the effect of rebonding on microleakage of a resin composite, a condensable resin and two polyacid-modified resin composite restorations. Standardized cylindrical Class V dentin cavities were prepared on the buccal root surfaces of 240 extracted bovine incisive teeth. The prepared teeth were randomly assigned to four groups of 60 teeth and restored with the following restorative systems: I--(ZS) Z100/Scotchbond Multi-Purpose Plus; II--(SS) Solitaire/Solid Bond; III--(FS) Freedom/Stae; IV--(FSB) F200/Single Bond. Thirty teeth of each group were rebonded with a low-viscosity resin (Fortify/BISCO), according to the manufacturer&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s instructions. The remaining teeth received no treatment. All teeth were thermocycled for 5,000 cycles and brushed by hand three times a day for 10 days using a toothbrush and a slurry of dentifrice and water. Specimens were stained in a 2% methylene blue solution and longitudinally sectioned with diamond disks. Microleakage was scored on a scale of 0 to 3. The Kruskal-Wallis test showed statistically significant differences among the groups (h=156.54; alpha&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.05). Pairwise comparison by means of the least significant difference showed that (SS) and (FS) with or without rebonding were not statistically different from each other. These groups showed the highest microleakage differences from (ZS) and (FSB) with or without rebonding. (ZS) with rebonding showed the lowest microleakage that was not statistically different from (ZS) without rebonding and (FSB) with rebonding.

Research paper thumbnail of Ascorbic acid influence on resin-dentin bond resistance to degradation

Research paper thumbnail of Weight loss evaluation of direct and indirect veneer reductions

Research paper thumbnail of Clinical Evaluation of two Adhesive Systems in Class II Restorations

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of pre-heating composites on film thickness

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of pre-heating two resin composites... more Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of pre-heating two resin composites on its film thickness in order to use it as a luting agent for indirect restorations (inlays and onlays). Method: Three materials were divided into 5 groups. Two resin composites, nanofilled (Z350 XT/3MESPE) and microhybrid (Opallis/FGM), pre–heated and room temperature, and a resin cement (AllCem/FGM) were tested. Following the guidelines from ISO 4049, each material (0,05mL) was pressed under 15kg between two glass plates covered with polyester film for 180 seconds. After pressed, the material was light polymerized with a LED for 40s and the film thickness measured using a digital micrometer. When testing the groups of pre-heated resin composites the material was heated (64°C) on a specific device (CalSet/AdDent) before all procedures. Data were analyzed using t-Student, ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test (α=.05). Result: Resin cement group showed the lower film thickness mean (28,2 µm), f...

Research paper thumbnail of Title: Direct anterior composite veneers in vital and non-vital teeth: a retrospective clinical evaluation

Journal of Dentistry, 2015

Objectives: This retrospective, longitudinal clinical study investigated the performance of direc... more Objectives: This retrospective, longitudinal clinical study investigated the performance of direct veneers using different composites (microfilled  universal) in vital or non-vital anterior teeth. Methods: Records from 86 patients were retrieved from a Dental School clinic, comprising 196 direct veneers to be evaluated. The FDI criteria were used to assess the clinical evaluation. The survival analysis was done using Kaplan-Meier method and Log-Rank test. The multivariate Cox regression with shared frailty was used to investigate the factors associated with failure. Results: A total of 196 veneers were evaluated, with 39 failures. The mean time of service for the veneers was 3.5 years, with a general survival rate of 80.1%. In the qualitative evaluation of the restorations, microfilled composite showed slighty better esthetics. The annual failure rates (AFR) were 4.9% for veneers in vital teeth and 9.8% for non-vital teeth with statistical significance (p = 0.009). For microfilled and universal veneers the respective AFRs were 6.0% and 6.2% (p > 0.05). Veneers made in non-vital teeth had a higher risk of failure over time compared to those made in vital teeth (HR 2.78; 95% CI 1.02-7.56), but the type of material was not a significant factor (p = 0.991). The main reason for failure was fracture of the veneer. Conclusion: Direct composite veneers showed a satisfactory clinical performance. Veneers performed in vital teeth showed a better performance than those placed in non-vital teeth. No difference in the survival rate for different composites was found, although microfilled composites showed a slightly better esthetic appearance. Clinical significance: Direct composite veneers show good results in esthetic dentistry nowadays. Composite veneers in vital teeth have a lower risk of failure than those in non-vital teeth.

Research paper thumbnail of Direct or indirect composite veneers in anterior teeth: which method causes higher tooth mass loss? An in vitro study

General dentistry

There is little information in the literature regarding the relationship between preparations mad... more There is little information in the literature regarding the relationship between preparations made for direct and indirect veneers and the loss of tooth structure required for each technique. This in vitro study sought to quantify the different mass losses from preparation techniques used for direct and indirect veneers. Thirty artificial teeth were weighted using a digital balance and placed in a dental manikin in the position corresponding to the right maxillary central incisor. Five clinicians-all experts in esthetic dentistry-were asked to perform conventional preparations for both a direct composite resin veneer and an indirect ceramic veneer. After preparations, specimens were weighted again in the same digital balance. Teeth undergoing veneer preparations demonstrated a statistically significant mass loss compared to unprepared teeth. Indirect ceramic veneer preparations produced more mass loss than direct composite veneer preparations (P < 0.01).

Research paper thumbnail of Influence of laboratory degradation methods and bonding application parameters on microTBS of self-etch adhesives to dentin

American journal of dentistry, 2011

To evaluate the laboratory resistance to degradation and the use of different bonding treatments ... more To evaluate the laboratory resistance to degradation and the use of different bonding treatments on resin-dentin bonds formed with three self-etching adhesive systems. Flat, mid-coronal dentin surfaces from extracted human molars were bonded according to manufacturer's directions and submitted to two challenging regimens: (A) chemical degradation with 10% NaOC1 immersion for 5 hours; and (B) fatigue loading at 90 N using 50,000 cycles at 3.0 Hz. Additional dentin surfaces were bonded following four different bonding application protocols: (1) according to manufacturer's directions; (2) acid-etched with 36% phosphoric acid (H3PO4) for 15 seconds; (3) 10% sodium hypochlorite (NaOClaq) treated for 2 minutes, after H3PO4-etching; and (4) doubling the application time of the adhesives. Two one-step self-etch adhesives (an acetone-based: Futurabond/FUT and an ethanol-based: Futurabond NR/FNR) and a two-step self-etch primer system (Clearfil SE Bond/CSE) were examined. Specimens we...

Research paper thumbnail of Influence of dentin acid-etching and NaOCl-treatment on bond strengths of self-etch adhesives

American journal of dentistry, 2008

To determine the microtensile bond strength (microTBS) of one- and two-step self-etch adhesives b... more To determine the microtensile bond strength (microTBS) of one- and two-step self-etch adhesives bonded to sound dentin conditioned or not with phosphoric acid (H3PO4) and sodium hypochlorite (H3PO4 + NaOCl). Extracted human third molars had their crowns transversally sectioned to expose flat dentin surfaces that were divided into four groups, and bonded as follow: (1) according to the manufacturers' directions, (2) acid etched with 36% H3PO4, and (3) 10% NaOCl treated for 2 minutes, after H3PO4 etching. Two two-step self-etching primers (Clearfil SE Bond/SEB and Resulcin/RE), and two one-step adhesives (One-Up Bond F/OUB and Etch & Prime 3.0/EP) were examined. Composite build-ups were constructed incrementally with Tetric Ceram. The specimens were stored in humidity for 24 hours at 37 degrees C and sectioned into beams of 1.0 mm2 cross-sectional area. Each beam was tested in tension in an Instron machine at 0.5 mm/minute, and mean microTBS data (MPa) were analyzed by 2-way ANOVA...

Research paper thumbnail of The effect of rebonding on microleakage of class V aesthetic restorations

Operative dentistry

This in vitro study evaluated the effect of rebonding on microleakage of a resin composite, a con... more This in vitro study evaluated the effect of rebonding on microleakage of a resin composite, a condensable resin and two polyacid-modified resin composite restorations. Standardized cylindrical Class V dentin cavities were prepared on the buccal root surfaces of 240 extracted bovine incisive teeth. The prepared teeth were randomly assigned to four groups of 60 teeth and restored with the following restorative systems: I--(ZS) Z100/Scotchbond Multi-Purpose Plus; II--(SS) Solitaire/Solid Bond; III--(FS) Freedom/Stae; IV--(FSB) F200/Single Bond. Thirty teeth of each group were rebonded with a low-viscosity resin (Fortify/BISCO), according to the manufacturer's instructions. The remaining teeth received no treatment. All teeth were thermocycled for 5,000 cycles and brushed by hand three times a day for 10 days using a toothbrush and a slurry of dentifrice and water. Specimens were stained in a 2% methylene blue solution and longitudinally sectioned with diamond disks. Microleakage wa...

Research paper thumbnail of Avaliação clínica retrospectiva de restaurações cervicais de resina composta

Revista da Faculdade de Odontologia - UPF, 2014

RESUMO| Introdução: A resina composta é frequentemente utilizada na saúde pública, sendo um dos p... more RESUMO| Introdução: A resina composta é frequentemente utilizada na saúde pública, sendo um dos principais materiais usados na atenção primária. Um estudo de avaliação retrospectiva reflete uma real situação dos procedimentos restauradores. Objetivo: Realizar uma avaliação clínica retrospectiva de restaurações diretas proximais de resinas compostas em dentes anteriores (classes III e IV) realizadas na Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Métodos: De acordo com os critérios de inclusão e exclusão, dois métodos de avaliação foram utilizados por um examinador calibrado e cego, o USPHS e o FDI modificados. Resultados: Foram avaliadas 79 restaurações, feitas de há 6 meses até há 20 anos. As restaurações proximais foram divididas em dois grupos, classe III (n = 33) e classe IV (n = 46). Na classe III, oito delas foram classificadas como clinicamente insatisfatórias em pelo menos um dos métodos de avaliação clínica (24%). Já na classe IV, nove delas se apresentaram como insuficientes (20%). As maiores causas de falha para a classe III foram: manchamento marginal (12%) e adaptação marginal (12%) pelo FDI, integridade marginal (9%) e cárie secundária (9%) pelo USPHS; e para classe IV: fraturas e retenção (11%) pelo FDI, forma anatômica (9%) e fraturas e retenção (9%) pelo USPHS. Conclusão: Restaurações de resina composta demonstraram um desempenho clínico satisfatório ao longo do tempo, apresentando uma baixa taxa de falha no período avaliado. Os dois métodos (USPHS e FDI) se mostraram eficazes no processo de avaliação clínica.

Research paper thumbnail of Influence of different tests used to measure the bond strength to dentin of two adhesive systems

American journal of dentistry, 2006

To investigate the behavior of two bonding systems: self-etching primer Clearfil Liner Bond 2V (C... more To investigate the behavior of two bonding systems: self-etching primer Clearfil Liner Bond 2V (CLB) and total-etch Single Bond (SB) when submitted to two bond strength tests: shear bond strength (SBS) and microtensile (MTBS). Flat dentin surfaces were obtained at the facial surface of extracted bovine incisors. muTBS started with adhesive application and incremental resin composite insertion. Samples were then sliced into 1 mm slabs parallel to the long axis of the tooth. Half of the specimens from each group were trimmed in order to obtain dumbbell-shaped (D) specimens with a cross-sectional area of 1 mm2, and in the other half of the group, the slabs were cut into beams (B) with a cross section of 1 mm2 area. Specimens were individually fractured on a microtensile apparatus. For SBS, crown segments were embedded in polyester resin and a flat dentin surface was exposed for bonding. After adhesive and restorative procedures were accomplished, the specimens were kept in water for 24...

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of long-term water storage on etch-and-rinse and self-etching resin-dentin bond strengths

General dentistry

This study sought to evaluate the long-term bond strength of etch-and-rinse and self-etch adhesiv... more This study sought to evaluate the long-term bond strength of etch-and-rinse and self-etch adhesive systems to dentin after one year of water storage. Crown fragments from the buccal surface of extracted bovine incisors were ground flat to expose dentin surfaces. Four etch-and-rinse and two self-etch bonding agents were used according to manufacturers' instructions. Bonded specimens were stored in water for either 24 hours or one year at 37 delete C. After elapsed storage times, specimens were tested for shear bond strength (SBS) at 0.5 mm/min. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey's tests (p < 0.05). Both evaluated factors (adhesive system and storage time) and their interactions were statistically significant. Single Bond produced the highest SBS regardless of the water degradation period. One-year water storage reduced the SBS of Prime & Bond NT and One-Up Bond F significantly; the other adhesives performed similarly. Long-term bond strengths of etch-and-rinse and self-...

Research paper thumbnail of Emerging Polymers in Dentistry

Advanced Polymers in Medicine, 2014

Polymers represent the foundation of modern restorative Dentistry. The majority of dental procedu... more Polymers represent the foundation of modern restorative Dentistry. The majority of dental procedures currently utilized in clinical dentistry depend on the close interaction of polymeric materials with dental tissues. In fact, the dental matrix itself is largely constituted of natural polymers, such as collagen fibrils, that constitute the organic matrix of dentin, cementum and bone. In this chapter, several direct restorative materials will be described in light of their polymeric composition and dental application. Particular emphasis will be given to emerging restorative materials, such as new classes of dental adhesives and composite resins. Additionally, we discuss emerging classes of dental polymers, which have been recently utilized to infiltrate demineralized enamel and to assist remineralization of collagen fibrils in carious dentin.

Research paper thumbnail of In vitro influence of Carisolv on shear bond strength of dentin bonding agents

Quintessence international (Berlin, Germany : 1985)

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of Carisolv on the shear bond strength (SBS) ... more The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of Carisolv on the shear bond strength (SBS) of hydrophilic adhesive systems in dentin. Two hundred bovine incisors were polished with 320- to 1,000-grit aluminum oxide paper and randomly divided into 10 groups (n = 20). The adhesive systems were used according to manufacturer's instructions, and a restorative resin composite (Definite) was inserted in a Teflon matrix and cured. The specimens were kept in humid storage for 7 days at 37 degrees C. The SBS tests were performed in an EMIC universal testing machine with a crosshead speed at 0.5 mm/min. The mean values (MPa +/- [SD]) were analyzed with analysis of variance and Dunnett and Tukey tests. The results were expressed in decreasing values (MPa): G6 = 18.55 +/- 6.95; G3 = 17.55 +/- 5.73; G2 = 17.05 +/- 5.33; G8 = 16.95 +/- 7.13; G7 = 16.94 +/- 5.22; G4 = 16.31 +/- 3.38; G1 = 15.85 +/- 4.45; G9 = 14.21 +/- 5.87; G5 = 12.89 +/- 3.79; and G10 = 12.31 +/- 5.18. Carisolv did not...

Research paper thumbnail of The effect of in-office in combination with intracoronal bleaching on enamel and dentin bond strength and dentin morphology

The journal of contemporary dental practice, 2008

The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro effects of the combination of in-office and intrac... more The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro effects of the combination of in-office and intracoronal bleaching on enamel and dentin bond strength and on dentin morphology. Bleaching treatment was performed on 128 bovine teeth for three weeks. Intracoronal bleaching was performed in groups G1 to G3, and in the other groups a combination of in-office and intracoronal bleaching was performed. The following agents and materials were used (n=16): G1- sodium perborate and water (SP); G2- 37% carbamide peroxide (CP); G3- 35% hydrogen peroxide (HP); G4- HP + cotton pellet soaked in water (CPW); G5- HP + SP; G6- HP + CP; G7- HP + HP; and G8- CPW (control). Seven days after bleaching treatment the teeth were sectioned into two halves. One half of each tooth was ground to obtain a flat dentin surface. Dentin and enamel fragments were treated with a dentin/enamel resin adhesive. Resin composite was inserted in two increments and polymerized for 20 seconds. Following the restorative procedure...

Research paper thumbnail of Increases in Dentin-bond Strength If Doubling Application Time of an Acetone-containing One-step Adhesive

Operative Dentistry, 2007

This study investigated the microtensile bond strength (microTBS) of a one-step self-etching adhe... more This study investigated the microtensile bond strength (microTBS) of a one-step self-etching adhesive to human dentin and bovine enamel following different bonding treatments. Occlusal portions of human molars and labial surfaces of bovine incisors were ground flat to provide uniform dentin and enamel surfaces, respectively. Futurabond was used following five different protocols: 1) according to the manufacturer&#39;s directions, 2) acid etched with 36% phosphoric acid (H3PO4) for 15 seconds, 3) 10% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) treated for two minutes after H3PO4-etching, 4) doubling the application time of the adhesive and 5) doubling the number of adhesive coats. Composite build-ups (6 mm in height) were constructed incrementally with Arabesk resin composite. The specimens were stored in 100% humidity for 24 hours at 37 degrees C and sectioned into beams of 1.0 mm2 cross-sectional area. Each beam was tested in tension in an Instron machine at 0.5 mm/minute, and mean microTBS data (MPa) were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and post-hoc multiple comparisons tests (alpha = 0.05). Doubling the application time of Futurabond attained the highest microTBS to dentin; whereas, no differences among all bonding application parameters evaluated could be detected when the adhesive was applied to enamel.

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of Double Layering and Prolonged Application Time on MTBS of Water/Ethanol-based Self-etch Adhesives to Dentin

Operative Dentistry, 2009

One way of possibly improving bond strength is by changing the application mode of self-etch adhe... more One way of possibly improving bond strength is by changing the application mode of self-etch adhesives. The current study evaluated the resin-dentin microtensile bond strength (MTBS) promoted by two-and one-step self-etching adhesives after different bonding application procedures. Flat dentin surfaces from extracted human molars were bonded: 1) according to the manufacturers' instructions, 2) duplicating the number of adhesive coats and 3) doubling the application time of the acidic primers. Two-step (Clearfil SE Bond/SEB and Resulcin AquaPrime/RE) and one-step (Etch & Prime 3.0/EP and One-Up Bond F/OUB) self-etch adhesives were used. Resin-dentin beams were tested in tension at 0.5 mm/minute. Selected debonded beams were observed under scanning electron microscopy (SEM). MTBS data were analyzed by ANOVA and multiple comparison tests (p<0.05). © Operative Dentistry, 2009, 34-5, 571-577

Research paper thumbnail of Influence of different surface conditioning protocols on microtensile bond strength of self-adhesive resin cements to dentin

The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry, 2011

According to manufacturers, bonding with self-adhesive resin cements can be achieved without any ... more According to manufacturers, bonding with self-adhesive resin cements can be achieved without any pretreatment steps such as etching, priming, or bonding. However, the benefit of saving time with these simplified luting systems may be realized at the expense of compromising the bonding capacity.