Maria Manzanares-Dauleux - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Maria Manzanares-Dauleux

Le principal objectif de cette these est de permettre la mise au point de strategies de lutte gen... more Le principal objectif de cette these est de permettre la mise au point de strategies de lutte genetique contre deux virus de l'artichaut: l'alv et le bbwv-fa. L'analyse des proprietes biologiques, physico-chimiques et serologiques met en evidence une grande homogeneite au sein de l'alv et une variabilite importante chez les isolats de bbwv. L'existence d'un vecteur specifique pour la souche fa et son eloignement antigenique des autres isolats de bbwv precisent le caractere specifique du bbwv-fa a l'interieur du groupe des fabavirus. L'analyse des interactions entre ces parasites et leur hote nous a permis d'etablir les parametres affectes par l'infection virale et de definir des criteres de resistance. L'infection virale a un effet tres marque sur la croissance et le developpement de la plante, notamment sur les composantes du rendement. La nuisibilite du complexe viral est comparable a celle de l'alv seul. Cette etude nous a egalement...

New insight into the Brassica napus / Plasmodiophora brassicae interaction through genetical meta... more New insight into the Brassica napus / Plasmodiophora brassicae interaction through genetical metabolomics

La resistance varietale du colza est un des meilleurs outils de protection contre la hernie des c... more La resistance varietale du colza est un des meilleurs outils de protection contre la hernie des cruciferes. Mais les moyens manquaient pour caracteriser cette resistance et la presence de la maladie. Cela a change.

Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology, 2020

Clubroot is an important root disease of canola/oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) caused by Plasmo... more Clubroot is an important root disease of canola/oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae. To cope with the emergence of new virulent pathotypes of P. brassicae that threaten canola production in western Canada, there is a need to identify novel sources of resistance for breeding programmes. In the present study, a series of nine B. napus genotypes, from different geographic origins, were screened for resistance to Canadian single-spore and field isolates of P. brassicae. The effect of nitrogen fertilization on the resistance level of these genotypes was also evaluated. Under full nitrogen fertilization, several of the tested host genotypes harboured isolate-specific partial resistance to P. brassicae infection, with some of these interactions resulting in disease indices <50. Accessions showing a partial resistance response to the novel pathotype 5X of P. brassicae also were identified. The influence of nitrogen on the level of resistance varied according to the specific plant genotype/pathogen isolate combination. Under low nitrogen fertilization, the genotype 'Darmor-bzh' showed a high level of partial resistance to isolates belonging to pathotypes 2 and 3, and 'Express' and 'Grouse' showed resistance to pathotype 2. The results confirm that nitrogen fertilization is an important factor to consider in combination with the use of resistant varieties for the management of clubroot.

Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2015

resistance against L. maculans in five winter oilseed rape field experiments under different envi... more resistance against L. maculans in five winter oilseed rape field experiments under different environments. A total of 17 QTL involved in 'field' quantitative resistance against L. maculans were detected and collectively explained 51 % of the phenotypic variation. The number of QTL detected in each experiment ranged from two to nine and individual QTL explained 2-25 % of the phenotypic variation. QTL × environment interaction analysis suggested that six of these QTL were less sensitive to environmental factors, so they were considered to be stable QTL. Markers linked to these stable QTL will be valuable for selection to breed for effective resistance against L. maculans in different environments, which will contribute to sustainable management of the disease.

Euphytica, 2000

A total of 240 kale, 38 cabbage and 126 winter cauliflower French landraces from the B. oleracea ... more A total of 240 kale, 38 cabbage and 126 winter cauliflower French landraces from the B. oleracea genepool of INRA were assessed for resistance to clubroot caused by Plasmodiophora brassicaeWoron. Two French isolates of the pathogen (K and SJ) were used in the experiments under controlled conditions. The reaction of the 126 cauliflower accessions to naturally occurring clubroot was also

New Phytologist, 2010

• Polyploidy promotes the restructuring of merged genomes within initial generations of resynthes... more • Polyploidy promotes the restructuring of merged genomes within initial generations of resynthesized Brassica napus, possibly caused by homoeologous recombination at meiosis. However, little is known about the impact of the first confrontation of two genomes at the first meiosis which could lead to genome exchanges in progeny. Here, we assessed the role of the first meiosis in the genome instability of synthetic B. napus. • We used three different newly resynthesized B. napus plants and established meiotic pairing frequencies for the A and C genomes. We genotyped the three corresponding progenies in a cross to a natural B. napus on the two homoeologous A1 and C1 chromosomes. Pairing at meiosis in a set of progenies with various rearrangements was scored. • Here, we confirmed that the very first meiosis of resynthesized plants of B. napus acts as a genome blender, with many of the meiotic-driven genetic changes transmitted to the progenies, in proportions that depend significantly on the cytoplasm background inherited from the progenitors. • We conclude that the first meiosis generates rearrangements on both genomes and promotes subsequent restructuring in further generations. Our study advances the knowledge on the timing of genetic changes and the mechanisms that may bias their transmission.

Euphytica, 2009

Aberrant phenotypes of cauliflower were detected throughout the cultivation period and in any var... more Aberrant phenotypes of cauliflower were detected throughout the cultivation period and in any variety type. The rate of these phenotypes in the field has recently increased. We reported previously on the first part of our results which showed that (1) the rate of aberrant plants varied with genotype and cultivation area, (2) the aberrant phenotypes can evolve or reverse to normality during the plant cycle and (3) the capacity to express a variant phenotype can be transmitted to the progeny. An epigenetic hypothesis has been proposed to explain the determinism of the phenomenon. Further investigation on the ''aberrant'' character focussed on the flow cytometric estimation of ploidy levels and on the parallel observation of meiosis. Only a fraction of aberrant plants did show aneuploidy and various ploïdy levels were found for the same phenotype. Indeed, aneuploidy could not be related to the aberrant phenotype although it could probably be a consequence of the aberration phenomenon. HPLC analysis of global DNA methylation rates showed that DNA hypermethylation occurred in plants which exhibited an evolution of their phenotype during vegetative cycle. The epigenetic origin of aberrant phenotypes in cauliflower is discussed with reference to epigenetic diseases described in human beings.

Frontiers in Plant Science

Nitrogen fertilization has been reported to influence the development of clubroot, a root disease... more Nitrogen fertilization has been reported to influence the development of clubroot, a root disease of Brassicaceae species, caused by the obligate protist Plasmodiophora brassicae. Our previous works highlighted that low-nitrogen fertilization induced a strong reduction of clubroot symptoms in some oilseed rape genotypes. To further understand the underlying mechanisms, the response to P. brassicae infection was investigated in two genotypes “Yudal” and HD018 harboring sharply contrasted nitrogen-driven modulation of resistance toward P. brassicae. Targeted hormone and metabolic profiling, as well as RNA-seq analysis, were performed in inoculated and non-inoculated roots at 14 and 27 days post-inoculation, under high and low-nitrogen conditions. Clubroot infection triggered a large increase of SA concentration and an induction of the SA gene markers expression whatever the genotype and nitrogen conditions. Overall, metabolic profiles suggested that N-driven induction of resistance wa...

To date, mechanisms of partial quantitative resistance, under polygenic control, remain poorly un... more To date, mechanisms of partial quantitative resistance, under polygenic control, remain poorly under-stood, studies of the molecular basis of disease resistance have mainly focused on qualitative variation under oligo-genic control. However, oligogenic conferred resistance is rapidly overcome by the pathogen and knowledge of the relationship between qualitative and quantitative resistance is necessary to develop durably resistant cultivars. In this study, we exploited the Arabidopsis thaliana-Plasmodio-phora brassicae pathosystem to decipher the genetic architecture determining partial resistance. This soil-borne pathogen causes clubroot, one of the economically most important diseases of Brassica crops in the world. A quantitative trait locus (QTL) approach was carried out using two segregating populations (F2 and recombinant inbred lines) from crosses between the partially resistant accession Burren and the susceptible accession Columbia. Four additive QTLs (one moderate and three...

Plant Breeding, 2009

The aberrant phenotype is characterized by the progressive expression of abnormal traits during v... more The aberrant phenotype is characterized by the progressive expression of abnormal traits during vegetative growth affecting leaf thickness, shape and/or plant vigour. These striking morphological abnormalities do not appear to be caused by agronomical practices or pathogen infections. Furthermore, the aberrant phenotype, which is observed in 3-20% of cultivated cauliflowers, is not linked to DNA sequence or structural polymorphisms. To detect candidate genes related to the aberrant phenotype, we used amplified fragment length polymorphism on cDNA approach, sampling normal and aberrant F(1) hybrid plants several times before and after the expression of the aberrant phenotype. This screen led to the detection of 51 differentially expressed transcripts. Twenty-nine of these were homologous to annotated genes in genomic databases. We identified transcripts, which were differentially expressed before the expression of the aberrant trait with homology to genes involved in various abiotic ...

Etude de l’implication du metabolisme primaire dans la reponse a la hernie des cruciferes chez le... more Etude de l’implication du metabolisme primaire dans la reponse a la hernie des cruciferes chez le colza par une approche de metabotypage.

Frontiers in Microbiology, 2021

Nitrogen fertilization can affect the susceptibility of Brassica napus to the telluric pathogen P... more Nitrogen fertilization can affect the susceptibility of Brassica napus to the telluric pathogen Plasmodiophora brassicae. Our previous works highlighted that the influence of nitrogen can strongly vary regarding plant cultivar/pathogen strain combinations, but the underlying mechanisms are unknown. The present work aims to explore how nitrogen supply can affect the molecular physiology of P. brassicae through its life epidemiological cycle. A time-course transcriptome experiment was conducted to study the interaction, under two conditions of nitrogen supply, between isolate eH and two B. napus genotypes (Yudal and HD-018), harboring (or not harboring) low nitrogen-conditional resistance toward this isolate (respectively). P. brassicae transcriptional patterns were modulated by nitrogen supply, these modulations being dependent on both host-plant genotype and kinetic time. Functional analysis allowed the identification of P. brassicae genes expressed during the secondary phase of inf...

How a species becomes polyploid – The Brassica model. Colloque de Genomique Environnementale : Di... more How a species becomes polyploid – The Brassica model. Colloque de Genomique Environnementale : Diversite, Evolution et Fonctionnement du Vivant a l’Ere des Nouvelles Technologies de Sequencage

Clubroot, caused by the obligate biotroph Plasmodiophora brassicae, is one of the economically mo... more Clubroot, caused by the obligate biotroph Plasmodiophora brassicae, is one of the economically most important diseases of Brassica crops in the world including B. oleracea (coles), B. napus (oilseed rape) and B. rapa (turnip). The breeding of resistant cultivars is currently a main goal to control this disease in all Brassica crops. Very few resistant varieties are currently available especially for coles and oilseed rape. The model plant Arabidopsis thaliana is also a host for clubroot and shows natural variation in the responses to clubroot infection. Genetical genomics analyses of the plant response to clubroot infection are in progress in our team in order to determine which structural and functional characteristics of the resistance factors have to be taken into account to build resistant varieties in a complex environment. The aim of the present work was to investigate synteny of the regions carrying resistance factors to clubroot through a comparative structural study in the ...

ABSTRACT Organization of stem canker resistance QTL and genome duplications in Brassica napus

A survey was undertaken in the 2 major cocoa producing areas (Southern and Western) of Cameroon t... more A survey was undertaken in the 2 major cocoa producing areas (Southern and Western) of Cameroon to study the morphological diversity existing in cacao farms in relation to genetic diversity in gene bank accessions. A total of 300 farm accessions (FA) were selected in the field which were compared to 77 gene bank accessions distributed into 4 groups (AGs) according to their origin. The 17 quantitative and qualitative descriptors used in this study were related to leaf (flush colour), flower (ligule colour), pod (weight, length, width, apex form, shape, rugosity, colour, husk hardness, basal constriction and pod index) and seed (number, length, width, dry weight and colour) characters. For the qualitative characters evaluated, considerable morphological variation was observed using the Shannon Weaver diversity index (SWDI) within FA and gene bank accessions. Among the FA, a differentiation between southern and western regions was only possible when using quantitative pod traits. Mean ...

Afin de developper une agriculture plus respectueuse de l'environnement, et capable de nourri... more Afin de developper une agriculture plus respectueuse de l'environnement, et capable de nourrir la population, les interactions entre le sol et les plantes sont un levier prometteur. En effet, les plantes sont capables de modifier profondement leur environnement racinaire, la rhizosphere, soit directement soit indirectement en etablissant des liens avec les autres organismes du sol. Le present article tente de lister et d'expliquer les potentiels effets benefiques sur la nutrition et la sante des plantes. Le transfert de connaissances et la valorisation de ces connaissances sont effectifs dans les systemes agricoles et horticoles mais il reste des defis a relever notamment au niveau de la selection varietale, dans la definition de produits biostimulants, ainsi que la conception de systemes de cultures innovants.