Mariam Mohamad - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Mariam Mohamad
BMC Cardiovascular Disorders
Background Dyslipidaemia refers to lipid abnormalities consisting of either one or any combinatio... more Background Dyslipidaemia refers to lipid abnormalities consisting of either one or any combination of the following: elevated total cholesterol (TC), elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), elevated triglycerides (TG), and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c). The prevalence of hypercholesterolaemia is steadily increasing in Malaysia. However, data on the prevalence of dyslipidaemia subtypes among Malaysians are lacking. This is important as it may have implications for preventive and management strategies for this increasing public health challenge. This study is aimed at determining the prevalence of dyslipidaemia subtypes and their associated personal and clinical attributes in Malaysians. Methods REDISCOVER, a prospective study, enrolled 11,288 adults where sociodemographic data, anthropometric and blood pressure measurements, fasting lipid profile and glucose, and history of diabetes, hypertension, and smoking were obtained. The cross-sectional analyti...
BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies
Background Traditional and Complementary Medicine (TCM) is widely used particularly among patient... more Background Traditional and Complementary Medicine (TCM) is widely used particularly among patients with chronic diseases in primary care. However, evidence is lacking regarding TCM use among patients with Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) and its association with patients’ experience on chronic disease conventional care that they receive. Therefore, this study aims to determine the prevalence and pattern of TCM use, compare the patients’ experience of chronic disease care using the Patient Assessment of Chronic Illness Care - Malay version (PACIC-M) questionnaire between TCM users and non-users and determine the factors associated with TCM use among patients with MetS in primary care. Methodology A cross-sectional study was conducted at a university primary care clinic. Patients aged 18 to 80 years old with MetS were recruited. Socio-demographic characteristic, clinical characteristics and information on TCM use and its pattern were recorded in a proforma. Patient’s experience of chronic di...
Background Dyslipidaemia refers to lipid abnormalities consisting of either one or any combinatio... more Background Dyslipidaemia refers to lipid abnormalities consisting of either one or any combination of the following: elevated total cholesterol (TC), elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), elevated triglycerides (TG), and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c). The prevalence of hypercholesterolaemia is steadily increasing in Malaysia. However, data on the prevalence of dyslipidaemia subtypes among Malaysians are lacking. This is important as it may have implications for preventive and management strategies for this increasing public health challenge. This study is aimed at determining the prevalence of dyslipidaemia subtypes and their associated personal and clinical attributes in Malaysians. Methods REDISCOVER, a prospective study, enrolled 11,288 adults where sociodemographic data, anthropometric and blood pressure measurements, fasting lipid profile and glucose, and history of diabetes, hypertension, and smoking were obtained. The cross-sectional analyti...
As cognition declines with age, cognitive impairment rates are expected to increase ranging from ... more As cognition declines with age, cognitive impairment rates are expected to increase ranging from 100% to 300% in this region. It could be higher among elderly who had any chronic diseases. The aim of the present work was to determine the prevalence and associated factors of cognitive impairment among elderly with hypertension. A clinic-based, cross-sectional study was conducted at several community clinics in Sabak Bernam and Hilir Perak districts from July to December 2015. A total of 480 patients were recruited. The prevalence of cognitive impairment was 13.13% (95%CI: 13.11, 13.15). Factors associated with cognitive impairment among elderly hypertensive were no formal educational level [OR: 3.95 (95%CI: 1.80, 8.67)]; history of high cholesterol [OR: 3.24 (95%CI: 1.15, 9.16)]; underweight [adj. OR: 4.88 (95%CI: 1.34, 17.67)]; and increasing age [OR: 1.03 (95%CI: 1.01, 1.06)]. Public health policy makers and geriatric practitioners should emphasise on early cognitive function asse...
High demands of academic life and social changes causes relatively high prevalence of psychologic... more High demands of academic life and social changes causes relatively high prevalence of psychological distress among university students compared to the general population. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of psychological distress among university students and to examine the factors associated with them. A cross sectional study involving 467 bachelor students from various faculties in Universiti Teknologi MARA was conducted. Participants were assessed using the Brief Religious Coping Scale (Brief RCOPE), the Hatta Islamic Religiosity Index 1996 (HIRS96) and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS 21). Our study highlights relatively high prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress among the students of UiTM Shah Alam. We also found consistent significant association between negative religious coping with both anxiety and depressive symptoms. Consistent with the earlier studies done among Muslim samples, the positive religious coping is not significantly a...
High demands of academic life and social changes caused relatively high prevalence of psychologic... more High demands of academic life and social changes caused relatively high prevalence of psychological distress among university students compared to the general population. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of psychological distress among university students and to examine the factors associated with them. This was cross sectional study involving 467 Bachelor degree students from various faculties in Universiti Teknologi MARA. Participants were assessed using the Brief Religious Coping Scale (Brief RCOPE), the Hatta Islamic Religiosity Index 1996 (HIRS96) and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS 21). This study highlighted relatively high prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress among the students of UiTM Shah Alam. We also found consistent significant association between negative religious coping with both anxiety and depressive symptoms. Consistent with the earlier studies done among Muslim samples, the positive religious coping is not significantl...
Engagement in physical exercise differs with different socio demographic status. Females exhibit ... more Engagement in physical exercise differs with different socio demographic status. Females exhibit lower levels of physical exercise performance, it seems that their motivation to exercise is differ. Various types of motivation that influence exercise performance regularly were recognized.This study aims to determine the relationship between 21 motivating reasons and sociodemographic factors, concentrating more on the gender difference. Method: A study was conducted on 501 adults performing exercise. Participants were interviewed using a questionnaire comprises of 21 motivating reasons. Each reason was measured on a fivepoint scale as, strongly disagree (1) to strongly agree (5). The sum, and mean score of all the 21 reasons was used as the dependent variable versus each socio-demographic factor. The mean score of each item was used as the dependent variable versus gender. Results: Significant inverse correlations were detected between motivating reasons score with; age (r=-0.122, p=0...
International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education (IJERE), 2021
High demands of academic life and social changes caused relatively high prevalence of psychologic... more High demands of academic life and social changes caused relatively high prevalence of psychological distress among university students compared to the general population. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of psychological distress among university students and to examine the factors associated with them. This was cross sectional study involving 467 Bachelor degree students from various faculties in Universiti Teknologi MARA. Participants were assessed using the Brief Religious Coping Scale (Brief RCOPE), the Hatta Islamic Religiosity Index 1996 (HIRS96) and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS 21). This study highlighted relatively high prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress among the students of UiTM Shah Alam. We also found consistent significant association between negative religious coping with both anxiety and depressive symptoms. Consistent with the earlier studies done among Muslim samples, the positive religious coping is not significantl...
Asian Journal of Quality of Life
Females exhibit lower levels of physical exercise performance than males. It seems that gender fa... more Females exhibit lower levels of physical exercise performance than males. It seems that gender factor motivates people differently, in performing regular exercise. Our objective was to determine the relationship between 21 motivating reasons for performing physical exercise and genders. We found that males showed significantly higher means score in two motivating reasons; to have a positive effect on the sex life (4.18±1.01, p<0.001) and to have more energy to go about the daily chores (4.62± .63, p= 0.027). No significant gender difference in the mean score for the other 19 motivating reasons. Conclusion: Both sexes were almost equally motivated in performing physical exercisesKeywords: Exercises types; gender; Motivating reasons; Physical exerciseseISSN: 2398-4279 © 2017. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review...
Journal of Clinical and Health Sciences
The pandemic of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has brought much fear and anxiety worldwide d... more The pandemic of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has brought much fear and anxiety worldwide due to the rapid transmission rate and mortality. The exponential surge of COVID- 19 cases need to be addressed aggressively to flatten the epidemic curve. This review aims to describe the COVID-19 disease epidemiology and disease transmission, response actions taken by the authorities to control this pandemic and risk communication strategies in Malaysia. A literature search via the ScienceDirect and Google Scholar databases of published articles and official statements from the Ministry of Health, Malaysia from December 2019 to May 2020 was conducted. The first wave of COVID-19 outbreak in Malaysia started in late January involving 22 cases but the second wave involved more cases due to the massive religious gathering that occurred in late February. Malaysia implemented the Movement Control Order (MCO) on 18th March 2020 and other well-coordinated response action plans to prevent commun...
Asian Journal of Quality of Life, Oct 24, 2017
Females exhibit lower levels of physical exercise performance than males. It seems that gender fa... more Females exhibit lower levels of physical exercise performance than males. It seems that gender factor motivates people differently, in performing regular exercise. Our objective was to determine the relationship between 21 motivating reasons for performing physical exercise and genders. We found that males showed significantly higher means score in two motivating reasons; to have a positive effect on the sex life (4.18±1.01, p<0.001) and to have more energy to go about the daily chores (4.62± .63, p= 0.027). No significant gender difference in the mean score for the other 19 motivating reasons. Conclusion: Both sexes were almost equally motivated in performing physical exercises
Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal
This study aimed to determine the difference in postnatal confinement practice between two differ... more This study aimed to determine the difference in postnatal confinement practice between two different generations. It was an unmatched cross-sectional study involving 200 women. Women aged less than 50, and 50 years old or more, were grouped as younger and older generation, respectively. This study showed there were significant differences in postnatal confinement practice including the pattern of food restriction and some traditional postnatal care practices (less sexual abstinence, hot compression, herbal bath and avoiding social outing among women from younger generations). Clinically proven intervention should be recommended, and harmful practices should be discouraged to ensure a safe confinement practice.
Journal of South Asian Federation of Obstetrics and Gynaecology
This is a cross-sectional survey of the pregnant women who presented to the antenatal clinic of a... more This is a cross-sectional survey of the pregnant women who presented to the antenatal clinic of a tertiary medical center for 12 months. Patients were selected by using a systematic random sampling method. Face-to-face interview by trained interviewers was done to collect data, based on 11 questions survey. Participants' knowledge on correct placement of both the lap and shoulder belt was assessed using a representative diagram. Results: Eighty pregnant women participated in the interview. Their mean age was 30 (± 3.85) years old, 76.3% of them attained post-secondary school education, and the majority (68.8%) was multigravida. Only 20 (25%) women knew the correct use of the seatbelt. There were no significant associations between knowing the correct use of seatbelt with the women's age (p = 0.18), educational level (p = 0.10), gravidity (p = 0.21), gestation (p = 0.44) and status of ever receive information on seatbelt usage (p = 0.07). The highest source of information was from printed materials A total of 66 (82.5%) women drove during pregnancy and 74 (92.5%) were passengers. Six of the participants were neither a driver nor a passenger as they were public transport users. More than half (57.6%) of the drivers will always use a seatbelt, but only 43.2% will always use a seatbelt when they were passengers. More than 80% of those who did not always wear a seatbelt either as drivers or passengers stated feeling uncomfortable as a reason for noncompliance. Conclusion: There is lacking in awareness of the importance and correct seat belt use in pregnancy among the pregnant women. Steps should be taken to increase the correct usage of seatbelts to reduce maternal and fetal mortality due to road traffic accidents.
Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics
This study aims to determine the prevalence of sexual dysfunction during pregnancy and to determi... more This study aims to determine the prevalence of sexual dysfunction during pregnancy and to determine its associated factors. This 6-month cross-sectional study adopted convenience sampling; inclusion criteria were healthy pregnant women, sexually active and living together with their partner for 3 months prior to recruitment into this study. Women who received advice to avoid sexual intercourse, with any medical illness and/or those conceived via assisted reproductive technology were excluded. Participants filled in a questionnaire consisting of demographic details and Malay Version Female Sexual Function Index Questionnaire. Data were analysed using SPSS 24.0; categorical data were analyzed by Chi-square and Fisher exact test. One hundred pregnant women with a mean age of 31 + 4.31 years old participated. By using the cut-off FSFI score of 26.55, 81 (81%) participants were diagnosed to have sexual dysfunction. The mean FSFI score was 20.41 ± 8.45 (range 2.6–33.5; median 23.6). All the mean FSFI scores of first, second and third trimesters were low with 22.80 ± 10.67, 23.81 ± 7.18 and 18.74 ± 8.43, respectively. The mean score for desire, arousal, satisfaction and pain were significantly lower in the third trimester than earlier gestation. There was a significant difference in the incidence of difficulties in desire, arousal, lubrication, satisfaction and pain between first and second trimester combined, as compared to the third trimester of pregnancy. Trimester of pregnancy was found to have a significant association with the incidence of sexual dysfunction. Sexual dysfunction among pregnant women is a significant burden. Despite being a common health problem, it is often neglected.
Regional Conference on Science, Technology and Social Sciences (RCSTSS 2014), 2016
Despite all the well-documented physical, psychological and social benefits of regular physical e... more Despite all the well-documented physical, psychological and social benefits of regular physical exercise, it has been reported that two-thirds of the industrialised world does not perform exercise regularly. One important factor that may contribute to exercising regularly is the motivation to exercise. Different socio-demographic factors may motivate people differently to exercise regularly. Identifying these factors may help in the implementation of interventions aimed at promoting physical exercise. This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between socio-demographic characteristics and the motivating reasons for performing physical exercise. Five recreational areas/parks in Shah Alam were chosen at random. Cross-sectional study was conducted, whereby 501 adults aged 18 and above who were performing exercise were interviewed using a questionnaire. In addition to socio-demographic information, this questionnaire includes 21 items referring to the motivation for getting involved in regular physical exercise. Each item was measured on a five-point scale, from (1) strongly disagree to (5) strongly agree. The mean score of the 21 reasons was then used as the dependent variable versus the socio-demographic characteristics. We found that the motivating reasons’ score significantly correlated with age (r = −0.122, p = 0.007), BMI (r = −0.091, p = 0.042) and household income (r = −0.095, p = 0.036). Significantly higher mean scores were detected: non-Malay (p = 0.001), unmarried (p = 0.032), unemployed (p = 0.01) and free of chronic disease (p = 0.010). However, difference in gender, educational level and smoking showed no significant difference. Therefore, we concluded that non-Malay, unemployed, young, unmarried, lower income, lower BMI and no chronic illness have higher motivating reasons in doing physical exercise.
... RESEARCH MANAGEMENT INSTITUTE UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA 40450 SHAH ALAM, SELANGOR MALAYSIA BY... more ... RESEARCH MANAGEMENT INSTITUTE UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA 40450 SHAH ALAM, SELANGOR MALAYSIA BY : AZLINA WATI NIKMAT MARIAM MOHAMAD AINSAH OMAR SALMI RAZALI SEPTEMBER 2010 ... Page 5. 5 coping strategies (Shaikh et. al, 2004). ...
Objective: To explore possible associations of age, gender, socioeconomic status, educational lev... more Objective: To explore possible associations of age, gender, socioeconomic status, educational level and level of cognitive functioning with depressive symptoms in a community sample of elderly persons. Method: Two hundred elderly persons from two communities in Kingston, Jamaica, were randomly selected for participation in the study. They or their caregivers provided sociodemographic information and participants also completed the Zung Self-rating Depression Scale (ZSDS) and the Mini Mental Status Examination (MMSE). Variables of interest were entered in a multiple variable regression model using ZSDS score as the outcome variable.
Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2015
Females exhibit lower levels of physical exercise performance than males. It seems that gender fa... more Females exhibit lower levels of physical exercise performance than males. It seems that gender factor motivates people differently, in performing regular exercise. Our objective was to determine the relationship between 21 motivating reasons for performing physical exercise and genders.We found that males showed significantly higher means score in two motivating reasons; to have a positive effect on the sex life (4.18±1.01, p<0.001) and more energy to go about the daily chores (4.62± .63, p= 0.027). No significant gender difference in the mean score for the other 19 motivating reasons. Conclusion: Both sexes were almost equally motivated in performing physical exercises.
The Medical journal of Malaysia, 2010
Classical dengue fever is characterized by the clinical features of fever, headache, severe myalg... more Classical dengue fever is characterized by the clinical features of fever, headache, severe myalgia and occasionally rash, which can also be caused by a number of other viral and bacterial infections. Five hundred and fifty eight patients who fulfilled the criteria of clinical diagnosis of acute dengue from 4 government outpatient polyclinics were recruited in this prospective field study. Of the 558 patients, 190 patients were categorized as acute dengue fever, 86 as recent dengue and 282 as non-dengue febrile illnesses based on the results of a number of laboratory tests. Epidemiological features of febrile patients showed that the mean age of patients in the dengue fever group was significantly younger in comparison with patients in the non-dengue group. There was no significant difference between the two groups with respect to gender but there was significant ethnic difference with foreign workers representing a higher proportion in the dengue fever group. Patients with acute de...
BMC Cardiovascular Disorders
Background Dyslipidaemia refers to lipid abnormalities consisting of either one or any combinatio... more Background Dyslipidaemia refers to lipid abnormalities consisting of either one or any combination of the following: elevated total cholesterol (TC), elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), elevated triglycerides (TG), and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c). The prevalence of hypercholesterolaemia is steadily increasing in Malaysia. However, data on the prevalence of dyslipidaemia subtypes among Malaysians are lacking. This is important as it may have implications for preventive and management strategies for this increasing public health challenge. This study is aimed at determining the prevalence of dyslipidaemia subtypes and their associated personal and clinical attributes in Malaysians. Methods REDISCOVER, a prospective study, enrolled 11,288 adults where sociodemographic data, anthropometric and blood pressure measurements, fasting lipid profile and glucose, and history of diabetes, hypertension, and smoking were obtained. The cross-sectional analyti...
BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies
Background Traditional and Complementary Medicine (TCM) is widely used particularly among patient... more Background Traditional and Complementary Medicine (TCM) is widely used particularly among patients with chronic diseases in primary care. However, evidence is lacking regarding TCM use among patients with Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) and its association with patients’ experience on chronic disease conventional care that they receive. Therefore, this study aims to determine the prevalence and pattern of TCM use, compare the patients’ experience of chronic disease care using the Patient Assessment of Chronic Illness Care - Malay version (PACIC-M) questionnaire between TCM users and non-users and determine the factors associated with TCM use among patients with MetS in primary care. Methodology A cross-sectional study was conducted at a university primary care clinic. Patients aged 18 to 80 years old with MetS were recruited. Socio-demographic characteristic, clinical characteristics and information on TCM use and its pattern were recorded in a proforma. Patient’s experience of chronic di...
Background Dyslipidaemia refers to lipid abnormalities consisting of either one or any combinatio... more Background Dyslipidaemia refers to lipid abnormalities consisting of either one or any combination of the following: elevated total cholesterol (TC), elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), elevated triglycerides (TG), and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c). The prevalence of hypercholesterolaemia is steadily increasing in Malaysia. However, data on the prevalence of dyslipidaemia subtypes among Malaysians are lacking. This is important as it may have implications for preventive and management strategies for this increasing public health challenge. This study is aimed at determining the prevalence of dyslipidaemia subtypes and their associated personal and clinical attributes in Malaysians. Methods REDISCOVER, a prospective study, enrolled 11,288 adults where sociodemographic data, anthropometric and blood pressure measurements, fasting lipid profile and glucose, and history of diabetes, hypertension, and smoking were obtained. The cross-sectional analyti...
As cognition declines with age, cognitive impairment rates are expected to increase ranging from ... more As cognition declines with age, cognitive impairment rates are expected to increase ranging from 100% to 300% in this region. It could be higher among elderly who had any chronic diseases. The aim of the present work was to determine the prevalence and associated factors of cognitive impairment among elderly with hypertension. A clinic-based, cross-sectional study was conducted at several community clinics in Sabak Bernam and Hilir Perak districts from July to December 2015. A total of 480 patients were recruited. The prevalence of cognitive impairment was 13.13% (95%CI: 13.11, 13.15). Factors associated with cognitive impairment among elderly hypertensive were no formal educational level [OR: 3.95 (95%CI: 1.80, 8.67)]; history of high cholesterol [OR: 3.24 (95%CI: 1.15, 9.16)]; underweight [adj. OR: 4.88 (95%CI: 1.34, 17.67)]; and increasing age [OR: 1.03 (95%CI: 1.01, 1.06)]. Public health policy makers and geriatric practitioners should emphasise on early cognitive function asse...
High demands of academic life and social changes causes relatively high prevalence of psychologic... more High demands of academic life and social changes causes relatively high prevalence of psychological distress among university students compared to the general population. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of psychological distress among university students and to examine the factors associated with them. A cross sectional study involving 467 bachelor students from various faculties in Universiti Teknologi MARA was conducted. Participants were assessed using the Brief Religious Coping Scale (Brief RCOPE), the Hatta Islamic Religiosity Index 1996 (HIRS96) and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS 21). Our study highlights relatively high prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress among the students of UiTM Shah Alam. We also found consistent significant association between negative religious coping with both anxiety and depressive symptoms. Consistent with the earlier studies done among Muslim samples, the positive religious coping is not significantly a...
High demands of academic life and social changes caused relatively high prevalence of psychologic... more High demands of academic life and social changes caused relatively high prevalence of psychological distress among university students compared to the general population. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of psychological distress among university students and to examine the factors associated with them. This was cross sectional study involving 467 Bachelor degree students from various faculties in Universiti Teknologi MARA. Participants were assessed using the Brief Religious Coping Scale (Brief RCOPE), the Hatta Islamic Religiosity Index 1996 (HIRS96) and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS 21). This study highlighted relatively high prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress among the students of UiTM Shah Alam. We also found consistent significant association between negative religious coping with both anxiety and depressive symptoms. Consistent with the earlier studies done among Muslim samples, the positive religious coping is not significantl...
Engagement in physical exercise differs with different socio demographic status. Females exhibit ... more Engagement in physical exercise differs with different socio demographic status. Females exhibit lower levels of physical exercise performance, it seems that their motivation to exercise is differ. Various types of motivation that influence exercise performance regularly were recognized.This study aims to determine the relationship between 21 motivating reasons and sociodemographic factors, concentrating more on the gender difference. Method: A study was conducted on 501 adults performing exercise. Participants were interviewed using a questionnaire comprises of 21 motivating reasons. Each reason was measured on a fivepoint scale as, strongly disagree (1) to strongly agree (5). The sum, and mean score of all the 21 reasons was used as the dependent variable versus each socio-demographic factor. The mean score of each item was used as the dependent variable versus gender. Results: Significant inverse correlations were detected between motivating reasons score with; age (r=-0.122, p=0...
International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education (IJERE), 2021
High demands of academic life and social changes caused relatively high prevalence of psychologic... more High demands of academic life and social changes caused relatively high prevalence of psychological distress among university students compared to the general population. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of psychological distress among university students and to examine the factors associated with them. This was cross sectional study involving 467 Bachelor degree students from various faculties in Universiti Teknologi MARA. Participants were assessed using the Brief Religious Coping Scale (Brief RCOPE), the Hatta Islamic Religiosity Index 1996 (HIRS96) and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS 21). This study highlighted relatively high prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress among the students of UiTM Shah Alam. We also found consistent significant association between negative religious coping with both anxiety and depressive symptoms. Consistent with the earlier studies done among Muslim samples, the positive religious coping is not significantl...
Asian Journal of Quality of Life
Females exhibit lower levels of physical exercise performance than males. It seems that gender fa... more Females exhibit lower levels of physical exercise performance than males. It seems that gender factor motivates people differently, in performing regular exercise. Our objective was to determine the relationship between 21 motivating reasons for performing physical exercise and genders. We found that males showed significantly higher means score in two motivating reasons; to have a positive effect on the sex life (4.18±1.01, p<0.001) and to have more energy to go about the daily chores (4.62± .63, p= 0.027). No significant gender difference in the mean score for the other 19 motivating reasons. Conclusion: Both sexes were almost equally motivated in performing physical exercisesKeywords: Exercises types; gender; Motivating reasons; Physical exerciseseISSN: 2398-4279 © 2017. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review...
Journal of Clinical and Health Sciences
The pandemic of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has brought much fear and anxiety worldwide d... more The pandemic of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has brought much fear and anxiety worldwide due to the rapid transmission rate and mortality. The exponential surge of COVID- 19 cases need to be addressed aggressively to flatten the epidemic curve. This review aims to describe the COVID-19 disease epidemiology and disease transmission, response actions taken by the authorities to control this pandemic and risk communication strategies in Malaysia. A literature search via the ScienceDirect and Google Scholar databases of published articles and official statements from the Ministry of Health, Malaysia from December 2019 to May 2020 was conducted. The first wave of COVID-19 outbreak in Malaysia started in late January involving 22 cases but the second wave involved more cases due to the massive religious gathering that occurred in late February. Malaysia implemented the Movement Control Order (MCO) on 18th March 2020 and other well-coordinated response action plans to prevent commun...
Asian Journal of Quality of Life, Oct 24, 2017
Females exhibit lower levels of physical exercise performance than males. It seems that gender fa... more Females exhibit lower levels of physical exercise performance than males. It seems that gender factor motivates people differently, in performing regular exercise. Our objective was to determine the relationship between 21 motivating reasons for performing physical exercise and genders. We found that males showed significantly higher means score in two motivating reasons; to have a positive effect on the sex life (4.18±1.01, p<0.001) and to have more energy to go about the daily chores (4.62± .63, p= 0.027). No significant gender difference in the mean score for the other 19 motivating reasons. Conclusion: Both sexes were almost equally motivated in performing physical exercises
Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal
This study aimed to determine the difference in postnatal confinement practice between two differ... more This study aimed to determine the difference in postnatal confinement practice between two different generations. It was an unmatched cross-sectional study involving 200 women. Women aged less than 50, and 50 years old or more, were grouped as younger and older generation, respectively. This study showed there were significant differences in postnatal confinement practice including the pattern of food restriction and some traditional postnatal care practices (less sexual abstinence, hot compression, herbal bath and avoiding social outing among women from younger generations). Clinically proven intervention should be recommended, and harmful practices should be discouraged to ensure a safe confinement practice.
Journal of South Asian Federation of Obstetrics and Gynaecology
This is a cross-sectional survey of the pregnant women who presented to the antenatal clinic of a... more This is a cross-sectional survey of the pregnant women who presented to the antenatal clinic of a tertiary medical center for 12 months. Patients were selected by using a systematic random sampling method. Face-to-face interview by trained interviewers was done to collect data, based on 11 questions survey. Participants' knowledge on correct placement of both the lap and shoulder belt was assessed using a representative diagram. Results: Eighty pregnant women participated in the interview. Their mean age was 30 (± 3.85) years old, 76.3% of them attained post-secondary school education, and the majority (68.8%) was multigravida. Only 20 (25%) women knew the correct use of the seatbelt. There were no significant associations between knowing the correct use of seatbelt with the women's age (p = 0.18), educational level (p = 0.10), gravidity (p = 0.21), gestation (p = 0.44) and status of ever receive information on seatbelt usage (p = 0.07). The highest source of information was from printed materials A total of 66 (82.5%) women drove during pregnancy and 74 (92.5%) were passengers. Six of the participants were neither a driver nor a passenger as they were public transport users. More than half (57.6%) of the drivers will always use a seatbelt, but only 43.2% will always use a seatbelt when they were passengers. More than 80% of those who did not always wear a seatbelt either as drivers or passengers stated feeling uncomfortable as a reason for noncompliance. Conclusion: There is lacking in awareness of the importance and correct seat belt use in pregnancy among the pregnant women. Steps should be taken to increase the correct usage of seatbelts to reduce maternal and fetal mortality due to road traffic accidents.
Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics
This study aims to determine the prevalence of sexual dysfunction during pregnancy and to determi... more This study aims to determine the prevalence of sexual dysfunction during pregnancy and to determine its associated factors. This 6-month cross-sectional study adopted convenience sampling; inclusion criteria were healthy pregnant women, sexually active and living together with their partner for 3 months prior to recruitment into this study. Women who received advice to avoid sexual intercourse, with any medical illness and/or those conceived via assisted reproductive technology were excluded. Participants filled in a questionnaire consisting of demographic details and Malay Version Female Sexual Function Index Questionnaire. Data were analysed using SPSS 24.0; categorical data were analyzed by Chi-square and Fisher exact test. One hundred pregnant women with a mean age of 31 + 4.31 years old participated. By using the cut-off FSFI score of 26.55, 81 (81%) participants were diagnosed to have sexual dysfunction. The mean FSFI score was 20.41 ± 8.45 (range 2.6–33.5; median 23.6). All the mean FSFI scores of first, second and third trimesters were low with 22.80 ± 10.67, 23.81 ± 7.18 and 18.74 ± 8.43, respectively. The mean score for desire, arousal, satisfaction and pain were significantly lower in the third trimester than earlier gestation. There was a significant difference in the incidence of difficulties in desire, arousal, lubrication, satisfaction and pain between first and second trimester combined, as compared to the third trimester of pregnancy. Trimester of pregnancy was found to have a significant association with the incidence of sexual dysfunction. Sexual dysfunction among pregnant women is a significant burden. Despite being a common health problem, it is often neglected.
Regional Conference on Science, Technology and Social Sciences (RCSTSS 2014), 2016
Despite all the well-documented physical, psychological and social benefits of regular physical e... more Despite all the well-documented physical, psychological and social benefits of regular physical exercise, it has been reported that two-thirds of the industrialised world does not perform exercise regularly. One important factor that may contribute to exercising regularly is the motivation to exercise. Different socio-demographic factors may motivate people differently to exercise regularly. Identifying these factors may help in the implementation of interventions aimed at promoting physical exercise. This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between socio-demographic characteristics and the motivating reasons for performing physical exercise. Five recreational areas/parks in Shah Alam were chosen at random. Cross-sectional study was conducted, whereby 501 adults aged 18 and above who were performing exercise were interviewed using a questionnaire. In addition to socio-demographic information, this questionnaire includes 21 items referring to the motivation for getting involved in regular physical exercise. Each item was measured on a five-point scale, from (1) strongly disagree to (5) strongly agree. The mean score of the 21 reasons was then used as the dependent variable versus the socio-demographic characteristics. We found that the motivating reasons’ score significantly correlated with age (r = −0.122, p = 0.007), BMI (r = −0.091, p = 0.042) and household income (r = −0.095, p = 0.036). Significantly higher mean scores were detected: non-Malay (p = 0.001), unmarried (p = 0.032), unemployed (p = 0.01) and free of chronic disease (p = 0.010). However, difference in gender, educational level and smoking showed no significant difference. Therefore, we concluded that non-Malay, unemployed, young, unmarried, lower income, lower BMI and no chronic illness have higher motivating reasons in doing physical exercise.
... RESEARCH MANAGEMENT INSTITUTE UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA 40450 SHAH ALAM, SELANGOR MALAYSIA BY... more ... RESEARCH MANAGEMENT INSTITUTE UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA 40450 SHAH ALAM, SELANGOR MALAYSIA BY : AZLINA WATI NIKMAT MARIAM MOHAMAD AINSAH OMAR SALMI RAZALI SEPTEMBER 2010 ... Page 5. 5 coping strategies (Shaikh et. al, 2004). ...
Objective: To explore possible associations of age, gender, socioeconomic status, educational lev... more Objective: To explore possible associations of age, gender, socioeconomic status, educational level and level of cognitive functioning with depressive symptoms in a community sample of elderly persons. Method: Two hundred elderly persons from two communities in Kingston, Jamaica, were randomly selected for participation in the study. They or their caregivers provided sociodemographic information and participants also completed the Zung Self-rating Depression Scale (ZSDS) and the Mini Mental Status Examination (MMSE). Variables of interest were entered in a multiple variable regression model using ZSDS score as the outcome variable.
Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2015
Females exhibit lower levels of physical exercise performance than males. It seems that gender fa... more Females exhibit lower levels of physical exercise performance than males. It seems that gender factor motivates people differently, in performing regular exercise. Our objective was to determine the relationship between 21 motivating reasons for performing physical exercise and genders.We found that males showed significantly higher means score in two motivating reasons; to have a positive effect on the sex life (4.18±1.01, p<0.001) and more energy to go about the daily chores (4.62± .63, p= 0.027). No significant gender difference in the mean score for the other 19 motivating reasons. Conclusion: Both sexes were almost equally motivated in performing physical exercises.
The Medical journal of Malaysia, 2010
Classical dengue fever is characterized by the clinical features of fever, headache, severe myalg... more Classical dengue fever is characterized by the clinical features of fever, headache, severe myalgia and occasionally rash, which can also be caused by a number of other viral and bacterial infections. Five hundred and fifty eight patients who fulfilled the criteria of clinical diagnosis of acute dengue from 4 government outpatient polyclinics were recruited in this prospective field study. Of the 558 patients, 190 patients were categorized as acute dengue fever, 86 as recent dengue and 282 as non-dengue febrile illnesses based on the results of a number of laboratory tests. Epidemiological features of febrile patients showed that the mean age of patients in the dengue fever group was significantly younger in comparison with patients in the non-dengue group. There was no significant difference between the two groups with respect to gender but there was significant ethnic difference with foreign workers representing a higher proportion in the dengue fever group. Patients with acute de...