Marianne Tveit - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Marianne Tveit
The emphasis on extensive participation by receivers and beneficiaries in the development discour... more The emphasis on extensive participation by receivers and beneficiaries in the development discourse emerged during the 1980s and has been continued and consolidated in the following two decades. Simultaneously, newer mass media have been introduced and increasingly used in development work. Receiver participation has become an important aspect also in these development projects. There is currently a wide consensus among media and development scholars on the need for grassroots participation in creating the media content in development countries. The main problem for discussion in this thesis is how communication and newer media, such as television and the Internet, can contribute to social development through grassroots participation. This subject is exemplified and illustrated by the participatory communication methods of the Sri Lankan NGO Worldview International Foundation. The cases analysed indicate that implementing newer mass media for grassroots participation purposes is very challenging due to the economic resources, technical resources and knowledge required
Since the summer of 2004, Nigerian women have dominated street prostitution in Norway - both in t... more Since the summer of 2004, Nigerian women have dominated street prostitution in Norway - both in the Norwegian capital Oslo and in other cities - and both in numbers and in public attention. The women from Nigeria are in a very different position than most other women ...
Hexagon Series on Human and Environmental Security and Peace, 2011
ABSTRACT In the wake of increased internationalization of prostitution markets, European authorit... more ABSTRACT In the wake of increased internationalization of prostitution markets, European authorities are facing new challenges regarding policy choices between the need to protect the rights of persons trafficked for the purpose of sexual exploitation on the one hand, and to control illegal entry on the other. The Norwegian case is no exception: the largest cities have seen a dramatic change in the composition of both street and indoor prostitution arenas in the last ten years. The number of migrant women in this sector has increased dramatically. The last few years saw a new development: prostitution arenas of larger Norwegian cities have seen an influx of Nigerian women, from only two spotted in street prostitution in the capital Oslo in 2003 to 638 in 2008, out of a total 1,230 women in street prostitution. One of the most important questions posed by the deliberations in Norway on this emerging phenomenon is whether the Nigerian women are victims of trafficking, and if so, how can Norwegian authorities meet their needs?
Gender, Technology and Development, 2008
The definition of trafficking in the United Nation (UN) Protocol on Trafficking from 2000 is the ... more The definition of trafficking in the United Nation (UN) Protocol on Trafficking from 2000 is the starting point of different countries' definition of trafficking. In Norway, as in other countries, there are still difficulties in identifying victims of trafficking in the day-today work of the police, social workers and others. The definitions of and demarcation between human trafficking and human smuggling have grave consequences for legal approaches, policies and help offered. It is thus necessary to continually discuss how to define trafficking if we want the term to be a fruitful tool in framing the phenomenon-which in turn impacts the ability to aid victims, prevent victimization and to prosecute traffickers. In this article we approach this matter through two qualitative studies among Nigerian women in prostitution in Norway. Their stories are complex and their travels long, and along the way, their migration and prostitution has been organized by different agents. These agents were sometimes human traffickers; other times smugglers of migrants. In this article, we explore which is which, with the definition in UN's Trafficking Protocol as our starting point. This article is an attempt to analyze the complexities of the women's situation in order to link theoretical debates on trafficking definitions with women's lived experiences.
JENdA: A Journal of …, 2009
Since the summer of 2004, Nigerian women have dominated street prostitution in Norway - both in t... more Since the summer of 2004, Nigerian women have dominated street prostitution in Norway - both in the Norwegian capital Oslo and in other cities - and both in numbers and in public attention. The women from Nigeria are in a very different position than most other women ...
Gender, Technology and Development, 2008
The definition of trafficking in the United Nation (UN) Protocol on Trafficking from 20... more The definition of trafficking in the United Nation (UN) Protocol on Trafficking from 2000 is the starting point of different countries’ definition of trafficking. In Norway, as in other countries, there are still difficulties in identifying victims of trafficking in the day-to-day work of the police, social workers and others. The definitions of and demarcation between human trafficking and human
The emphasis on extensive participation by receivers and beneficiaries in the development discour... more The emphasis on extensive participation by receivers and beneficiaries in the development discourse emerged during the 1980s and has been continued and consolidated in the following two decades. Simultaneously, newer mass media have been introduced and increasingly used in development work. Receiver participation has become an important aspect also in these development projects. There is currently a wide consensus among media and development scholars on the need for grassroots participation in creating the media content in development countries. The main problem for discussion in this thesis is how communication and newer media, such as television and the Internet, can contribute to social development through grassroots participation. This subject is exemplified and illustrated by the participatory communication methods of the Sri Lankan NGO Worldview International Foundation. The cases analysed indicate that implementing newer mass media for grassroots participation purposes is very challenging due to the economic resources, technical resources and knowledge required
Since the summer of 2004, Nigerian women have dominated street prostitution in Norway - both in t... more Since the summer of 2004, Nigerian women have dominated street prostitution in Norway - both in the Norwegian capital Oslo and in other cities - and both in numbers and in public attention. The women from Nigeria are in a very different position than most other women ...
Hexagon Series on Human and Environmental Security and Peace, 2011
ABSTRACT In the wake of increased internationalization of prostitution markets, European authorit... more ABSTRACT In the wake of increased internationalization of prostitution markets, European authorities are facing new challenges regarding policy choices between the need to protect the rights of persons trafficked for the purpose of sexual exploitation on the one hand, and to control illegal entry on the other. The Norwegian case is no exception: the largest cities have seen a dramatic change in the composition of both street and indoor prostitution arenas in the last ten years. The number of migrant women in this sector has increased dramatically. The last few years saw a new development: prostitution arenas of larger Norwegian cities have seen an influx of Nigerian women, from only two spotted in street prostitution in the capital Oslo in 2003 to 638 in 2008, out of a total 1,230 women in street prostitution. One of the most important questions posed by the deliberations in Norway on this emerging phenomenon is whether the Nigerian women are victims of trafficking, and if so, how can Norwegian authorities meet their needs?
Gender, Technology and Development, 2008
The definition of trafficking in the United Nation (UN) Protocol on Trafficking from 2000 is the ... more The definition of trafficking in the United Nation (UN) Protocol on Trafficking from 2000 is the starting point of different countries' definition of trafficking. In Norway, as in other countries, there are still difficulties in identifying victims of trafficking in the day-today work of the police, social workers and others. The definitions of and demarcation between human trafficking and human smuggling have grave consequences for legal approaches, policies and help offered. It is thus necessary to continually discuss how to define trafficking if we want the term to be a fruitful tool in framing the phenomenon-which in turn impacts the ability to aid victims, prevent victimization and to prosecute traffickers. In this article we approach this matter through two qualitative studies among Nigerian women in prostitution in Norway. Their stories are complex and their travels long, and along the way, their migration and prostitution has been organized by different agents. These agents were sometimes human traffickers; other times smugglers of migrants. In this article, we explore which is which, with the definition in UN's Trafficking Protocol as our starting point. This article is an attempt to analyze the complexities of the women's situation in order to link theoretical debates on trafficking definitions with women's lived experiences.
JENdA: A Journal of …, 2009
Since the summer of 2004, Nigerian women have dominated street prostitution in Norway - both in t... more Since the summer of 2004, Nigerian women have dominated street prostitution in Norway - both in the Norwegian capital Oslo and in other cities - and both in numbers and in public attention. The women from Nigeria are in a very different position than most other women ...
Gender, Technology and Development, 2008
The definition of trafficking in the United Nation (UN) Protocol on Trafficking from 20... more The definition of trafficking in the United Nation (UN) Protocol on Trafficking from 2000 is the starting point of different countries’ definition of trafficking. In Norway, as in other countries, there are still difficulties in identifying victims of trafficking in the day-to-day work of the police, social workers and others. The definitions of and demarcation between human trafficking and human