Marisol Condori Perez - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Marisol Condori Perez

Research paper thumbnail of El Síndrome de Down en Galicia

Semata, 2005

Although each person with a Down's Syndrome has a mental deficiency associated, it can be mor... more Although each person with a Down's Syndrome has a mental deficiency associated, it can be more or less deep, and depending on the educative intervention that better suits their needs, the negative effects at a social, scholar, familiar level, and so caused by this deficiency, can be reduced. In Galicia we have a set of programmes, services and institutions that help and make easy the so much wished integration of disabled people, whatever it is their discapacity. In the same way these are aids, allowances and grants with which these people or their families can take profit of. These are also, at the service of these affected, the so called assistance centres, the guardianship, foundations and early assistance teams, bound for covering those needs of an occupational, residential, legal, educational, informative kind, and so that may appear.

Research paper thumbnail of Parents facing school violence problem. Los padres frente al fenómeno de la violencia escolar

<p>It is important to emphasize the role that parents play in their children development pr... more <p>It is important to emphasize the role that parents play in their children development process together with their involvement in the emerging antisocial behaviors. That is the reason why parents have been considered, in all researches, as one of the involved agents in school violence, together with teachers and students themselves. From this fact, we can gather that it will be significant to know parents' opinion on the different questions related to school violence. For this purpose, this research analyses parents' opinion regarding questions related to school violence such as: the origin, the current situation, the role performed by their own children (aggressors, victims or observers) and the people needed to get involved to eliminate this type of behaviors. In order to make this research, we have used the "Predicting factors of school violence Questionnaire for parents" in a sample of 414 fathers/mothers/guardians between 23 and 60 years old; an average age of 41,8 years (DT=5,9). The results show that the majority of parents point out that school violence has risen regarding when they were children. Parents also add that school violence is rising year after year highlighting the social context of the individual as main field which influences in its etiology and considering as necessary the joined intervention of parents and teachers. Parents consider their intervention as more important than teacher's intervention or parents and teachers joined intervention.</p><p>Keyword: School violence, parents, origin, intervention, prevalence.</p> <p>Es importante hacer hincapié en el papel que los padres poseen en el proceso de desarrollo de sus hijos así como su implicación en la emergencia de conductas antisociales. De ahí que sean considerados, en todos los estudios como uno de los agentes implicados en la violencia escolar, junto con los docentes y los propios alumnos. De ello, se desprende que también será significativo conocer su opinión a cerca de diferentes cuestiones relacionadas con ella. Es por ello, que [...]

Research paper thumbnail of Los padres frente al fenómeno de la violencia escolar

European Journal of Education and Psychology, Apr 6, 2009

Research paper thumbnail of Pathoplasticity of bulimic features and interpersonal problems

International Journal of Eating Disorders, 2007

Recent research suggests that interpersonal problems and some forms of psychopathology are pathop... more Recent research suggests that interpersonal problems and some forms of psychopathology are pathoplastic, or that they mutually affect one another in nonetiological ways. In the current study, the pathoplasticity of bulimic features and interpersonal problems was tested. Inventory of Interpersonal Problems-64 data from 130 women with scores in the top quartile on the Bulimia scale of the Eating Disorder Inventory-2 from a sample of 517 college undergraduates were cluster analyzed. Age, weight, and scores on psychopathology scales were tested for mean differences across the four quadrants of the interpersonal problems circumplex. Consistent with the pathoplasticity hypothesis, cluster means did not differ on external variables. Furthermore, bulimic features and interpersonal problems independently predicted depression in the total sample. The interpersonal problems reported in the current study suggest differential treatment process that could inform the therapeutic relationship and help prevent premature termination.

Research paper thumbnail of Las Perspectivas y Retos de la Antropología Aplicada en el Siglo XXI

Revista MAD, 2011

El presente artículo reflexiona acerca del rol de la Antropología aplicada en el siglo XXI. Anali... more El presente artículo reflexiona acerca del rol de la Antropología aplicada en el siglo XXI. Analiza las posibilidades de la antropología aplicada en el contexto actual, sus fortalezas y debilidades frente a los problemas sociales contemporáneos.

Research paper thumbnail of Tratamiento con moxibustión en los pacientes con sacrolumbalgia aguda

Revista Habanera de Ciencias …, 2010

Research paper thumbnail of Suicide and Positive Cognitions: Positive Psychology Applied to the Understanding and Treatment of Suicidal Behavior

Cognition and suicide: Theory, research, and therapy., 2006

APA PsycNET Our Apologies! - The following features are not available with your current Browser c... more APA PsycNET Our Apologies! - The following features are not available with your current Browser configuration. - alerts user that their session is about to expire - display, print, save, export, and email selected records - get My ...

Research paper thumbnail of The impact of racial stereotypes on eating disorder recognition

International Journal of Eating Disorders, 2002

Eating disorders are commonly believed to affect Caucasian women more so than other women. The au... more Eating disorders are commonly believed to affect Caucasian women more so than other women. The authors examined whether participants recognize disturbed eating symptoms to a lesser degree in an African American or Hispanic female compared with a Caucasian female. A sample of 160 undergraduate students of different ethnic backgrounds read a passage about an adolescent girl who displayed eating disorder symptoms. Participants received one of three passages; the passages differed only regarding the girl&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s race (African American, Caucasian, or Hispanic). Participants completed questionnaires used to reveal possible racial stereotypes about eating disorders. The study found that the race of the adolescent girl had a significant impact on detection of disturbed eating patterns, such that participants recognized the eating disorder more when they read about a Caucasian girl than when they read about a minority girl (Hispanic or African American). The results have implications for public awareness of eating disorders, as well as clinical implications for work with eating disorder patients from various ethnic backgrounds.

Research paper thumbnail of Body image dissatisfaction and disordered eating in black and white women

International Journal of Eating Disorders, 2003

Objective: This study predicted and found that body image dissatisfaction and bulimic symptoms ha... more Objective: This study predicted and found that body image dissatisfaction and bulimic symptoms have a curvilinear relationship among undergraduate women. Results: For the women in this sample, regardless of race, body image dissatisfaction correlated with bulimic symptoms, such that women who perceived themselves as bigger or smaller than the ideal body size for their ethnic group endorsed bulimic symptoms. Black and white women differed regarding their ethnic group's ideal body image and their self-perceptions of how they compared with the ideal image. Black women tended to report being underweight, whereas white women tended to report being overweight. Discussion: The findings in this study suggest that some black women are not buffered against eating disorders as suggested in previous research.

Research paper thumbnail of Is major depressive disorder or dysthymia more strongly associated with bulimia nervosa?

International Journal of Eating Disorders, 2004

Objective: Research on adult samples has found that the comorbidity between depression and eating... more Objective: Research on adult samples has found that the comorbidity between depression and eating disorders exceeds the comorbidity of any other Axis I disorder and eating disorders. Few studies have investigated the specific associations of major depression versus dysthymia with eating disorders. Method: This sample consisted of 937 adolescents who were repeatedly assessed until the age of 24. Results: Analyses revealed that dysthymia was a stronger correlate with bulimia than major depression, even while controlling for other mood disorders and a history of depression and dysthymia. Conclusions: The presence of dysthymia in adolescence might be a possible risk factor for the development of bulimia nervosa.

Research paper thumbnail of Self-competence and self-liking in the prediction of change in bulimic symptoms

International Journal of Eating Disorders, 2003

Objective: To examine the relationship of self-competence and self-liking (two distinct dimension... more Objective: To examine the relationship of self-competence and self-liking (two distinct dimensions of self-esteem) to bulimic symptoms. Method: Two separate longitudinal studies were conducted on undergraduate women from two universities (Study 1, N ¼ 129; Study 2, N ¼ 406). Measures of self-competence, self-liking, and bulimic symptoms were administered on two occasions, separated by several weeks. Results: Self-competence demonstrated a stronger relationship than self-liking to change in bulimic symptoms over time. Discussion: These findings have significant theoretic implications for the construct of self-esteem and implications for risk for and treatment of bulimia.

Research paper thumbnail of The role of acculturative stress and body dissatisfaction in predicting bulimic symptomatology across ethnic groups

International Journal of Eating Disorders, 2002

This study examines the interactive effects of acculturative stress and body dissatisfaction in p... more This study examines the interactive effects of acculturative stress and body dissatisfaction in prediction of bulimic symptoms, particularly in non-White females. We administered questionnaires to White, Black, and Hispanic females on acculturative stress, body dissatisfaction, and bulimic symptoms. Our results show that among minority women who report low levels of acculturative stress, body dissatisfaction and bulimia were not correlated. However, among minority women who reported high levels of acculturative stress, body dissatisfaction and bulimia were highly and significantly correlated. The combination of acculturative stress and body dissatisfaction may render minority women more vulnerable to bulimic symptoms; the absence of acculturative stress among minority women may buffer them against bulimic symptoms, even in the presence of body dissatisfaction.

Research paper thumbnail of Elastic Analysis of Journal Bearings

Volume 1, 2004

In this paper a numerical model is used to investigate the effect of the elasticity of the bearin... more In this paper a numerical model is used to investigate the effect of the elasticity of the bearing in the pressure distribution in the lubricant and the stress distribution in the bearing. The lubricant film, as well as a bearing, including the lining and the backing of the insert, and the housing, are modeled using the general-purpose ANSYS® 5.7 commercial Finite Element program. Results have been obtained for the pressure, radial displacement, hoop and von Mises stress distributions at the surface of the bearing, as well as for the shear stress distribution at the interface between the lining and the backing. A number of conclusions have been drawn regarding the relative significance of the steep pressure gradient at the end of the lubricated region on the hoop stresses that cause localized bending distortions at the surface of the lining. These localized bending distortions, in turn, are likely to cause fatigue failure of the lining.Copyright © 2004 by ASME

Research paper thumbnail of Evidence-based assessment of depression in adults

Psychological Assessment, 2005

From diverse perspectives, there is little doubt that depressive symptoms cohere to form a valid ... more From diverse perspectives, there is little doubt that depressive symptoms cohere to form a valid and distinct syndrome. Research indicates that an evidence-based assessment of depression would include (a) measures with adequate psychometric properties; (b) adequate coverage of symptoms; (c) adequate coverage of depressed mood, anhedonia, and suicidality; (d) an approach to suicidality that distinguishes between resolved plans and preparations and desire and ideation; (e) assessment of the atypical, seasonal, and melancholic subtypes; (f) parameters of course and chronicity; and (g) comorbidity and bipolarity. These complexities need to be accounted for when certain assessment approaches are preferred, and when ambiguity exists regarding the categorical versus dimensional nature of depression, and whether and when clinician ratings outperform self-report. The authors conclude that no one extant procedure is ideal and suggest that the combination of certain interviews and self-report scales represents the state of the art for evidence-based assessment of depression.

Research paper thumbnail of Depressive symptoms induce paranoid symptoms in narcissistic personalities (but not narcissistic symptoms in paranoid personalities)

Psychiatry Research, 2008

Based on clinical experience, anecdotal reports, and past empirical and conceptual work, we predi... more Based on clinical experience, anecdotal reports, and past empirical and conceptual work, we predicted that when people with narcissistic tendencies experience depressive symptoms, they are prone to develop paranoid attitudes. Moreover, we expected that this process was unidirectional, and that the combination of paranoid tendencies and depressive symptoms would not be associated with an increase in narcissistic symptoms. In both cases, results from our 6-month longitudinal study of 71 previously suicidal adults conformed to our expectations.

Research paper thumbnail of Phenylthiocarbamide tasting and family history of depression, revisited: low rates of depression in families of supertasters

Psychiatry Research, 2004

Research paper thumbnail of Can positive emotion influence problem-solving attitudes among suicidal adults?

Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 2001

A client's mood can hinder or enhance treatment and its effectiveness. Positive emotions can enco... more A client's mood can hinder or enhance treatment and its effectiveness. Positive emotions can encourage exploration and experimentation, and they may have the long-term effect of resource building. The purpose of the present study was to assess this perspective as applied to the treatment of suicidal individuals. The authors found that patients prone to positive moods, as compared with those less prone to such moods, displayed more positive problem-solving attitudes following treatment for suicidal symptoms, and, partly as a function thereof, displayed enhanced treatment response. These findings suggest that clinicians may improve their chances of achieving successful treatment outcomes if they present skill-building treatments during windows of positive mood for the client, rather than in times of crisis. Suicidality represents an interesting yet challenging area for clinical practitioners. For at least two reasons, the interconnections between suicidality, problem-solving, and mood appear to be clinically important. First, suicidality has been linked to problemsolving deficits (Schotte & Clum, 1982), and skill-based treatments appear to be effective in reducing suicidal behavior (Rudd, Joiner, & Rajab, 2000; Rudd et al., 1996). Second, although there is no question that people in suicidal crises experience predominantly negative moods, suicidal crises are time limited, and much of therapy is conducted once the crisis subsides, when patients' range of moods is broader. In the course of therapy with suicidal patients, then, positive moods may well occur, and according to the logic of the broaden-and-build model (Fredrickson, 1998), may represent windows of opportunity for problem-solving skill acquisition. In her broaden-and-build model of positive emotions, Fredrickson (1998) proposed that emotions such as joy, interest, and contentment have the momentary effect of "broadening" cognition and behavior, so that exploration, experimentation, and play are more likely. Furthermore, because positive emotions subserve exploration and experimentation, they have the long-term effect of resource building. Through exploration and experimentation, new ideas and actions are discovered, building up an individual's repertoire of physical, intellectual, and social resources. The broaden-and-build model has accrued reasonable research support

Research paper thumbnail of Perceived Burdensomeness and Lethality of Suicide Method Among Suicide Completers in the People's Republic of China

OMEGA: The Journal of Death and Dying, 2002

A subjective sense of burdensomeness toward loved ones has been posited as a marker for high risk... more A subjective sense of burdensomeness toward loved ones has been posited as a marker for high risk of suicide. The present study applied the burdensomeness model of suicide to a sample of suicide notes from the People's Republic of China. High levels of burdensomeness toward loved ones was significantly and negatively correlated with lethality of suicide method among suicide notes. In addition, males were more likely than females to employ more lethal means of suicide. Theoretical explanations for these findings are discussed, highlighting potential cultural influences.

Research paper thumbnail of Discrepancies Between Self– and Other–Esteem as Correlates of Aggression

Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 2005

This research examines the opposing theories that high self-esteem is responsible for aggression ... more This research examines the opposing theories that high self-esteem is responsible for aggression and that low self-esteem is responsible for aggression. Our findings suggest that both theories may be correct. Targets' self-esteem and self-reported physical aggression were assessed; additionally, targets' roommates reported their esteem for the target. In support of both theories, self-esteem was related to aggression in a curvilinear fashion, such that very low and very high self-esteem people were more likely to report physical aggression than moderate self-esteem people. This phenomenon was partly qualified by interpersonal context; specifically, participants who thought more positively of themselves than their roommates thought of them as well as participants who thought less positively of themselves than their roommates thought of them reported higher levels of physical aggression. Those whose self-esteem (low or high) corresponded to roommates' esteem of them did not report physical aggression. These findings inform psychological theories of aggression, especially regarding self-views and interpersonal reality. Theoreticians, researchers, mental health professionals, physicians, and laypeople are united in their concern about aggression. The prevailing question involves locating the best predictors or underlying causes of

Research paper thumbnail of Affective and Attributional Features of Acculturative Stress Among Ethnic Minority College Students

The Journal of Psychology, 2006

Little is known about the affective features of acculturative stress or its relation to attributi... more Little is known about the affective features of acculturative stress or its relation to attributional styles for negative events. The authors examined associations among acculturative stress, attributional style, and positive and negative affect among 96 ethnic minority college students. They hypothesized that acculturative stress would be characterized by elevated negative affect and global and stable attributions for negative events. Consistent with prediction, acculturative stress was significantly associated with negative affect and global attributions, even when controlling for other relevant predictors. Attributional style did not account for the association between negative affect and acculturative stress. Positive affect and stable and internal attributional styles were not related to acculturative stress. The authors discuss implications for reducing stress associated with acculturation.

Research paper thumbnail of El Síndrome de Down en Galicia

Semata, 2005

Although each person with a Down's Syndrome has a mental deficiency associated, it can be mor... more Although each person with a Down's Syndrome has a mental deficiency associated, it can be more or less deep, and depending on the educative intervention that better suits their needs, the negative effects at a social, scholar, familiar level, and so caused by this deficiency, can be reduced. In Galicia we have a set of programmes, services and institutions that help and make easy the so much wished integration of disabled people, whatever it is their discapacity. In the same way these are aids, allowances and grants with which these people or their families can take profit of. These are also, at the service of these affected, the so called assistance centres, the guardianship, foundations and early assistance teams, bound for covering those needs of an occupational, residential, legal, educational, informative kind, and so that may appear.

Research paper thumbnail of Parents facing school violence problem. Los padres frente al fenómeno de la violencia escolar

<p>It is important to emphasize the role that parents play in their children development pr... more <p>It is important to emphasize the role that parents play in their children development process together with their involvement in the emerging antisocial behaviors. That is the reason why parents have been considered, in all researches, as one of the involved agents in school violence, together with teachers and students themselves. From this fact, we can gather that it will be significant to know parents' opinion on the different questions related to school violence. For this purpose, this research analyses parents' opinion regarding questions related to school violence such as: the origin, the current situation, the role performed by their own children (aggressors, victims or observers) and the people needed to get involved to eliminate this type of behaviors. In order to make this research, we have used the "Predicting factors of school violence Questionnaire for parents" in a sample of 414 fathers/mothers/guardians between 23 and 60 years old; an average age of 41,8 years (DT=5,9). The results show that the majority of parents point out that school violence has risen regarding when they were children. Parents also add that school violence is rising year after year highlighting the social context of the individual as main field which influences in its etiology and considering as necessary the joined intervention of parents and teachers. Parents consider their intervention as more important than teacher's intervention or parents and teachers joined intervention.</p><p>Keyword: School violence, parents, origin, intervention, prevalence.</p> <p>Es importante hacer hincapié en el papel que los padres poseen en el proceso de desarrollo de sus hijos así como su implicación en la emergencia de conductas antisociales. De ahí que sean considerados, en todos los estudios como uno de los agentes implicados en la violencia escolar, junto con los docentes y los propios alumnos. De ello, se desprende que también será significativo conocer su opinión a cerca de diferentes cuestiones relacionadas con ella. Es por ello, que [...]

Research paper thumbnail of Los padres frente al fenómeno de la violencia escolar

European Journal of Education and Psychology, Apr 6, 2009

Research paper thumbnail of Pathoplasticity of bulimic features and interpersonal problems

International Journal of Eating Disorders, 2007

Recent research suggests that interpersonal problems and some forms of psychopathology are pathop... more Recent research suggests that interpersonal problems and some forms of psychopathology are pathoplastic, or that they mutually affect one another in nonetiological ways. In the current study, the pathoplasticity of bulimic features and interpersonal problems was tested. Inventory of Interpersonal Problems-64 data from 130 women with scores in the top quartile on the Bulimia scale of the Eating Disorder Inventory-2 from a sample of 517 college undergraduates were cluster analyzed. Age, weight, and scores on psychopathology scales were tested for mean differences across the four quadrants of the interpersonal problems circumplex. Consistent with the pathoplasticity hypothesis, cluster means did not differ on external variables. Furthermore, bulimic features and interpersonal problems independently predicted depression in the total sample. The interpersonal problems reported in the current study suggest differential treatment process that could inform the therapeutic relationship and help prevent premature termination.

Research paper thumbnail of Las Perspectivas y Retos de la Antropología Aplicada en el Siglo XXI

Revista MAD, 2011

El presente artículo reflexiona acerca del rol de la Antropología aplicada en el siglo XXI. Anali... more El presente artículo reflexiona acerca del rol de la Antropología aplicada en el siglo XXI. Analiza las posibilidades de la antropología aplicada en el contexto actual, sus fortalezas y debilidades frente a los problemas sociales contemporáneos.

Research paper thumbnail of Tratamiento con moxibustión en los pacientes con sacrolumbalgia aguda

Revista Habanera de Ciencias …, 2010

Research paper thumbnail of Suicide and Positive Cognitions: Positive Psychology Applied to the Understanding and Treatment of Suicidal Behavior

Cognition and suicide: Theory, research, and therapy., 2006

APA PsycNET Our Apologies! - The following features are not available with your current Browser c... more APA PsycNET Our Apologies! - The following features are not available with your current Browser configuration. - alerts user that their session is about to expire - display, print, save, export, and email selected records - get My ...

Research paper thumbnail of The impact of racial stereotypes on eating disorder recognition

International Journal of Eating Disorders, 2002

Eating disorders are commonly believed to affect Caucasian women more so than other women. The au... more Eating disorders are commonly believed to affect Caucasian women more so than other women. The authors examined whether participants recognize disturbed eating symptoms to a lesser degree in an African American or Hispanic female compared with a Caucasian female. A sample of 160 undergraduate students of different ethnic backgrounds read a passage about an adolescent girl who displayed eating disorder symptoms. Participants received one of three passages; the passages differed only regarding the girl&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s race (African American, Caucasian, or Hispanic). Participants completed questionnaires used to reveal possible racial stereotypes about eating disorders. The study found that the race of the adolescent girl had a significant impact on detection of disturbed eating patterns, such that participants recognized the eating disorder more when they read about a Caucasian girl than when they read about a minority girl (Hispanic or African American). The results have implications for public awareness of eating disorders, as well as clinical implications for work with eating disorder patients from various ethnic backgrounds.

Research paper thumbnail of Body image dissatisfaction and disordered eating in black and white women

International Journal of Eating Disorders, 2003

Objective: This study predicted and found that body image dissatisfaction and bulimic symptoms ha... more Objective: This study predicted and found that body image dissatisfaction and bulimic symptoms have a curvilinear relationship among undergraduate women. Results: For the women in this sample, regardless of race, body image dissatisfaction correlated with bulimic symptoms, such that women who perceived themselves as bigger or smaller than the ideal body size for their ethnic group endorsed bulimic symptoms. Black and white women differed regarding their ethnic group's ideal body image and their self-perceptions of how they compared with the ideal image. Black women tended to report being underweight, whereas white women tended to report being overweight. Discussion: The findings in this study suggest that some black women are not buffered against eating disorders as suggested in previous research.

Research paper thumbnail of Is major depressive disorder or dysthymia more strongly associated with bulimia nervosa?

International Journal of Eating Disorders, 2004

Objective: Research on adult samples has found that the comorbidity between depression and eating... more Objective: Research on adult samples has found that the comorbidity between depression and eating disorders exceeds the comorbidity of any other Axis I disorder and eating disorders. Few studies have investigated the specific associations of major depression versus dysthymia with eating disorders. Method: This sample consisted of 937 adolescents who were repeatedly assessed until the age of 24. Results: Analyses revealed that dysthymia was a stronger correlate with bulimia than major depression, even while controlling for other mood disorders and a history of depression and dysthymia. Conclusions: The presence of dysthymia in adolescence might be a possible risk factor for the development of bulimia nervosa.

Research paper thumbnail of Self-competence and self-liking in the prediction of change in bulimic symptoms

International Journal of Eating Disorders, 2003

Objective: To examine the relationship of self-competence and self-liking (two distinct dimension... more Objective: To examine the relationship of self-competence and self-liking (two distinct dimensions of self-esteem) to bulimic symptoms. Method: Two separate longitudinal studies were conducted on undergraduate women from two universities (Study 1, N ¼ 129; Study 2, N ¼ 406). Measures of self-competence, self-liking, and bulimic symptoms were administered on two occasions, separated by several weeks. Results: Self-competence demonstrated a stronger relationship than self-liking to change in bulimic symptoms over time. Discussion: These findings have significant theoretic implications for the construct of self-esteem and implications for risk for and treatment of bulimia.

Research paper thumbnail of The role of acculturative stress and body dissatisfaction in predicting bulimic symptomatology across ethnic groups

International Journal of Eating Disorders, 2002

This study examines the interactive effects of acculturative stress and body dissatisfaction in p... more This study examines the interactive effects of acculturative stress and body dissatisfaction in prediction of bulimic symptoms, particularly in non-White females. We administered questionnaires to White, Black, and Hispanic females on acculturative stress, body dissatisfaction, and bulimic symptoms. Our results show that among minority women who report low levels of acculturative stress, body dissatisfaction and bulimia were not correlated. However, among minority women who reported high levels of acculturative stress, body dissatisfaction and bulimia were highly and significantly correlated. The combination of acculturative stress and body dissatisfaction may render minority women more vulnerable to bulimic symptoms; the absence of acculturative stress among minority women may buffer them against bulimic symptoms, even in the presence of body dissatisfaction.

Research paper thumbnail of Elastic Analysis of Journal Bearings

Volume 1, 2004

In this paper a numerical model is used to investigate the effect of the elasticity of the bearin... more In this paper a numerical model is used to investigate the effect of the elasticity of the bearing in the pressure distribution in the lubricant and the stress distribution in the bearing. The lubricant film, as well as a bearing, including the lining and the backing of the insert, and the housing, are modeled using the general-purpose ANSYS® 5.7 commercial Finite Element program. Results have been obtained for the pressure, radial displacement, hoop and von Mises stress distributions at the surface of the bearing, as well as for the shear stress distribution at the interface between the lining and the backing. A number of conclusions have been drawn regarding the relative significance of the steep pressure gradient at the end of the lubricated region on the hoop stresses that cause localized bending distortions at the surface of the lining. These localized bending distortions, in turn, are likely to cause fatigue failure of the lining.Copyright © 2004 by ASME

Research paper thumbnail of Evidence-based assessment of depression in adults

Psychological Assessment, 2005

From diverse perspectives, there is little doubt that depressive symptoms cohere to form a valid ... more From diverse perspectives, there is little doubt that depressive symptoms cohere to form a valid and distinct syndrome. Research indicates that an evidence-based assessment of depression would include (a) measures with adequate psychometric properties; (b) adequate coverage of symptoms; (c) adequate coverage of depressed mood, anhedonia, and suicidality; (d) an approach to suicidality that distinguishes between resolved plans and preparations and desire and ideation; (e) assessment of the atypical, seasonal, and melancholic subtypes; (f) parameters of course and chronicity; and (g) comorbidity and bipolarity. These complexities need to be accounted for when certain assessment approaches are preferred, and when ambiguity exists regarding the categorical versus dimensional nature of depression, and whether and when clinician ratings outperform self-report. The authors conclude that no one extant procedure is ideal and suggest that the combination of certain interviews and self-report scales represents the state of the art for evidence-based assessment of depression.

Research paper thumbnail of Depressive symptoms induce paranoid symptoms in narcissistic personalities (but not narcissistic symptoms in paranoid personalities)

Psychiatry Research, 2008

Based on clinical experience, anecdotal reports, and past empirical and conceptual work, we predi... more Based on clinical experience, anecdotal reports, and past empirical and conceptual work, we predicted that when people with narcissistic tendencies experience depressive symptoms, they are prone to develop paranoid attitudes. Moreover, we expected that this process was unidirectional, and that the combination of paranoid tendencies and depressive symptoms would not be associated with an increase in narcissistic symptoms. In both cases, results from our 6-month longitudinal study of 71 previously suicidal adults conformed to our expectations.

Research paper thumbnail of Phenylthiocarbamide tasting and family history of depression, revisited: low rates of depression in families of supertasters

Psychiatry Research, 2004

Research paper thumbnail of Can positive emotion influence problem-solving attitudes among suicidal adults?

Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 2001

A client's mood can hinder or enhance treatment and its effectiveness. Positive emotions can enco... more A client's mood can hinder or enhance treatment and its effectiveness. Positive emotions can encourage exploration and experimentation, and they may have the long-term effect of resource building. The purpose of the present study was to assess this perspective as applied to the treatment of suicidal individuals. The authors found that patients prone to positive moods, as compared with those less prone to such moods, displayed more positive problem-solving attitudes following treatment for suicidal symptoms, and, partly as a function thereof, displayed enhanced treatment response. These findings suggest that clinicians may improve their chances of achieving successful treatment outcomes if they present skill-building treatments during windows of positive mood for the client, rather than in times of crisis. Suicidality represents an interesting yet challenging area for clinical practitioners. For at least two reasons, the interconnections between suicidality, problem-solving, and mood appear to be clinically important. First, suicidality has been linked to problemsolving deficits (Schotte & Clum, 1982), and skill-based treatments appear to be effective in reducing suicidal behavior (Rudd, Joiner, & Rajab, 2000; Rudd et al., 1996). Second, although there is no question that people in suicidal crises experience predominantly negative moods, suicidal crises are time limited, and much of therapy is conducted once the crisis subsides, when patients' range of moods is broader. In the course of therapy with suicidal patients, then, positive moods may well occur, and according to the logic of the broaden-and-build model (Fredrickson, 1998), may represent windows of opportunity for problem-solving skill acquisition. In her broaden-and-build model of positive emotions, Fredrickson (1998) proposed that emotions such as joy, interest, and contentment have the momentary effect of "broadening" cognition and behavior, so that exploration, experimentation, and play are more likely. Furthermore, because positive emotions subserve exploration and experimentation, they have the long-term effect of resource building. Through exploration and experimentation, new ideas and actions are discovered, building up an individual's repertoire of physical, intellectual, and social resources. The broaden-and-build model has accrued reasonable research support

Research paper thumbnail of Perceived Burdensomeness and Lethality of Suicide Method Among Suicide Completers in the People's Republic of China

OMEGA: The Journal of Death and Dying, 2002

A subjective sense of burdensomeness toward loved ones has been posited as a marker for high risk... more A subjective sense of burdensomeness toward loved ones has been posited as a marker for high risk of suicide. The present study applied the burdensomeness model of suicide to a sample of suicide notes from the People's Republic of China. High levels of burdensomeness toward loved ones was significantly and negatively correlated with lethality of suicide method among suicide notes. In addition, males were more likely than females to employ more lethal means of suicide. Theoretical explanations for these findings are discussed, highlighting potential cultural influences.

Research paper thumbnail of Discrepancies Between Self– and Other–Esteem as Correlates of Aggression

Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 2005

This research examines the opposing theories that high self-esteem is responsible for aggression ... more This research examines the opposing theories that high self-esteem is responsible for aggression and that low self-esteem is responsible for aggression. Our findings suggest that both theories may be correct. Targets' self-esteem and self-reported physical aggression were assessed; additionally, targets' roommates reported their esteem for the target. In support of both theories, self-esteem was related to aggression in a curvilinear fashion, such that very low and very high self-esteem people were more likely to report physical aggression than moderate self-esteem people. This phenomenon was partly qualified by interpersonal context; specifically, participants who thought more positively of themselves than their roommates thought of them as well as participants who thought less positively of themselves than their roommates thought of them reported higher levels of physical aggression. Those whose self-esteem (low or high) corresponded to roommates' esteem of them did not report physical aggression. These findings inform psychological theories of aggression, especially regarding self-views and interpersonal reality. Theoreticians, researchers, mental health professionals, physicians, and laypeople are united in their concern about aggression. The prevailing question involves locating the best predictors or underlying causes of

Research paper thumbnail of Affective and Attributional Features of Acculturative Stress Among Ethnic Minority College Students

The Journal of Psychology, 2006

Little is known about the affective features of acculturative stress or its relation to attributi... more Little is known about the affective features of acculturative stress or its relation to attributional styles for negative events. The authors examined associations among acculturative stress, attributional style, and positive and negative affect among 96 ethnic minority college students. They hypothesized that acculturative stress would be characterized by elevated negative affect and global and stable attributions for negative events. Consistent with prediction, acculturative stress was significantly associated with negative affect and global attributions, even when controlling for other relevant predictors. Attributional style did not account for the association between negative affect and acculturative stress. Positive affect and stable and internal attributional styles were not related to acculturative stress. The authors discuss implications for reducing stress associated with acculturation.