Marius Kurås Skram - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Marius Kurås Skram

Research paper thumbnail of High frequency of enterovirus <scp>D</scp> 68 in children hospitalised with respiratory illness in <scp>N</scp> orway, autumn 2014

Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses, Dec 23, 2014

Objectives An unexpectedly high proportion of children were admitted for severe respiratory infec... more Objectives An unexpectedly high proportion of children were admitted for severe respiratory infections at the Oslo University Hospital, Ullev al, Norway, during September and October, 2014. In light of the ongoing outbreak of enterovirus-D68 (EV-D68) in North America a real-time RT-PCR for screening of enterovirus and enterovirus D68 was established. Design We developed a duplex real-time RT-PCR for rapid screening of enterovirus D68. The method target the 5 0 nontranslated region (NTR) of the HEV genome at a location generally used for enterovirus detection. Sample Nasopharyngeal samples (n = 354), from children <15 years of age, received for respiratory virus analysis in OUH during September 1st and October 31nd, 2014, were tested for enterovirus and screened for enterovirus D68. Main outcome measures and results The duplex real-time RT-PCR method was an efficient tool for rapid screening for EV-D68 in respiratory specimens. Enterovirus was detected in 66 (22%) of 303 pediatric nasopharyngeal samples collected from children hospitalised with acute respiratory infection within the two-month period. Out of these, 33 (50%) were EV-D68. EV-D68 was associated with acute flaccid paralysis in one child. Conclusions An unexpectedly high proportion of children admitted for severe respiratory infections at the Oslo University Hospital, Ullev al, Norway, were diagnosed with EV-D68 during September 1st and October 31nd, 2014. These results emphasise that greater vigilance is required throughout Europe as enteroviruses are cause of severe respiratory disease.

Research paper thumbnail of Early food intervention and skin emollients to prevent food allergy in young children (PreventADALL): a factorial, multicentre, cluster-randomised trial

Research paper thumbnail of Two cases of acute severe flaccid myelitis associated with enterovirus D68 infection in children, Norway, autumn 2014

Eurosurveillance, Mar 12, 2015

Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68), phylogenetic clade B was identified in nasopharyngeal specimens of two ... more Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68), phylogenetic clade B was identified in nasopharyngeal specimens of two cases of severe acute flaccid myelitis. The cases were six and five years-old and occurred in September and November 2014. EV-D68 is increasingly associated with acute flaccid myelitis in children, most cases being reported in the United States. Awareness of this possible neurological complication of enterovirus D68 infection is needed. An unexpectedly high proportion of children were admitted for severe respiratory infections at the Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Norway, during September and October, 2014 [1]. Enterovirus was detected in 66 (22%) of 303 samples from children hospitalised with acute respiratory infection, and in five of 51 samples received from outpatient clinics. Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) was verified in 33 of the enterovirus-positive samples from hospitalised patients, and in one of the outpatients. We report two cases of severe acute flaccid myelitis (AFM) associated with EV-D68 infection that occurred in September and November 2014 in Norway.

Research paper thumbnail of Muscle biopsies in children—an evaluation of histopathology and clinical value during a 5-year period

Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences, 2009

Muscle biopsy is an important diagnostic tool in the investigation of children with neuromuscular... more Muscle biopsy is an important diagnostic tool in the investigation of children with neuromuscular disorders. This report presents the experience with paediatric muscle biopsies during a 5-year period at a routine pathology laboratory. A total number of 58 cases were included, and indications, microscopical findings, and final histopathological diagnoses were recorded. A total of 21 biopsies were from females (36%) and 37 biopsies from males (64%); 53% of the cases were from children under 2 years of age. Major pathological findings were found in 30% comprising muscular dystrophy, neurogenic atrophy, and congenital and metabolic disorders, even in cases with vague clinical manifestations. These findings confirm the high diagnostic yield of muscle biopsies, especially as new techniques have been introduced such as immunohistochemistry. Muscle pathology is difficult and emphasizes the importance of this service being undertaken by specialized laboratories with an experienced staff. Microscopical examination of muscle biopsies should be based on adequate clinical information, demonstrating the necessity of close contact between pathologists and referring physicians.

Research paper thumbnail of Early food intervention and skin emollients to prevent food allergy in young children (PreventADALL): a factorial, multicentre, cluster-randomised trial

Research paper thumbnail of Lumbar microdiscectomy for sciatica in adolescents: a multicentre observational registry-based study

Acta Neurochirurgica, 2017

Background Lumbar disc herniation (LDH) is rare in the adolescent population. Factors predisposin... more Background Lumbar disc herniation (LDH) is rare in the adolescent population. Factors predisposing to LDH in adolescents differ from adults with more cases being related to trauma or structural malformations. Further, there are limited data on patient-reported outcomes after lumbar microdiscectomy in adolescents. Our aim was to compare clinical outcomes at 1 year following single-level lumbar microdiscectomy in adolescents (13-19 years old) compared to younger adults (20-50 years old) with LDH. Methods Data were collected through the Norwegian Registry for Spine Surgery. Patients were eligible if they had radiculopathy due to LDH, underwent single-level lumbar microdiscectomy between January 2007 and May 2014, and were between 13 and 50 years old at time of surgery. The primary endpoint was change in Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) 1 year after surgery. Secondary endpoints were generic quality of life (EuroQol five dimensions [EQ-5D]), back pain numerical rating scale (NRS), leg pain NRS and complications. Results A total of 3,245 patients were included (97 patients 13-19 years old and 3,148 patients 20-50 years old). A significant improvement in ODI was observed for the whole population, but there was no difference between groups (0.6; 95% CI, −4.5 to 5.8; p = 0.811). There were no differences between groups concerning EQ-5D (−0.04; 95% CI, −0.15 to 0.07; p = 0.442), back pain NRS (−0.4; 95% CI, −1.2 to 0.4; p = 0.279), leg pain NRS (−0.4; 95% CI, −1.2 to 0.5; p = 0.374) or perioperative complications (1.0% for adolescents, 5.1% for adults, p = 0.072). Conclusions The effectiveness and safety of single-level microdiscectomy are similar in adolescents and the adult population at 1-year follow-up.

Research paper thumbnail of Severe Parechovirus Infection Norwegian Infants

The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal

Research paper thumbnail of Two cases of acute severe flaccid myelitis associated with enterovirus D68 infection in children, Norway, autumn 2014

Eurosurveillance, 2015

Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68), phylogenetic clade B was identified in nasopharyngeal specimens of two ... more Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68), phylogenetic clade B was identified in nasopharyngeal specimens of two cases of severe acute flaccid myelitis. The cases were six and five years-old and occurred in September and November 2014. EV-D68 is increasingly associated with acute flaccid myelitis in children, most cases being reported in the United States. Awareness of this possible neurological complication of enterovirus D68 infection is needed.

Research paper thumbnail of Severe Parechovirus Infection in Norwegian Infants

Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal, 2014

Background: Human parechovirus genotype 3 (HPeV-3) has been linked to meningoencephalitis and sep... more Background: Human parechovirus genotype 3 (HPeV-3) has been linked to meningoencephalitis and sepsis-like disease in infants younger than 3 months. Methods: We present clinical and phylogenetic characteristics of 15 infants who were admitted with HPeV-3 infections to 3 hospitals in Norway during a period of 7 months in 2011. Results: Eleven patients had a sepsis-like disease, and meningoencephalitis was found in 10. Phylogenetic analyses of the viral protein (VP)3/ VP1 region showed that all HPeV-3 isolates clustered closely and differentially from previously known HPeV-3 lineages. Fourteen of the 15 infants recovered after 1-3 weeks. One boy had widespread cerebral magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities, but at 1 year of age he had a normal psychomotor status. Conclusion: A new HPeV-3-strain caused sepsis-like disease and meningoencephalitis in 15 Norwegian infants. All but 1 recovered within a few weeks.

Research paper thumbnail of En 15 måneder gammel jente med feber og pancytopeni

Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening, 2011

Noe å laere av En 15 måneder gammel jente med feber og pancytopeni 2482-6 En 15 måneder gammel je... more Noe å laere av En 15 måneder gammel jente med feber og pancytopeni 2482-6 En 15 måneder gammel jente ble innlagt etter et par måneders sykehistorie med feberepisoder, tiltakende blekhet og stor abdomen. Ved innkomsten var hun høyfebril med palpatorisk forstørret lever og milt. Blodprøver viste pancytopeni, høyt CRP-nivå og høyt serum-ferritinnivå. Vi beskriver diagnostiske vurderinger, utredning og behandling. Engelsk oversettelse av hele artikkelen på www.tidsskriftet.no

Research paper thumbnail of High frequency of enterovirus D68 in children hospitalised with respiratory illness in Norway, autumn 2014

Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses, 2014

ObjectivesAn unexpectedly high proportion of children were admitted for severe respiratory infect... more ObjectivesAn unexpectedly high proportion of children were admitted for severe respiratory infections at the Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Norway, during September and October, 2014. In light of the ongoing outbreak of enterovirus‐D68 (EV‐D68) in North America a real‐time RT‐PCR for screening of enterovirus and enterovirus D68 was established.DesignWe developed a duplex real‐time RT‐PCR for rapid screening of enterovirus D68. The method target the 5′ non‐translated region (NTR) of the HEV genome at a location generally used for enterovirus detection.SampleNasopharyngeal samples (n = 354), from children <15 years of age, received for respiratory virus analysis in OUH during September 1st and October 31nd, 2014, were tested for enterovirus and screened for enterovirus D68.Main outcome measures and resultsThe duplex real‐time RT‐PCR method was an efficient tool for rapid screening for EV‐D68 in respiratory specimens. Enterovirus was detected in 66 (22%) of 303 pediatric nasopha...

Research paper thumbnail of Muscle biopsies in children—an evaluation of histopathology and clinical value during a 5-year period

Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences, 2009

Muscle biopsy is an important diagnostic tool in the investigation of children with neuromuscular... more Muscle biopsy is an important diagnostic tool in the investigation of children with neuromuscular disorders. This report presents the experience with paediatric muscle biopsies during a 5-year period at a routine pathology laboratory. A total number of 58 cases were included, and indications, microscopical findings, and final histopathological diagnoses were recorded. A total of 21 biopsies were from females (36%) and 37 biopsies from males (64%); 53% of the cases were from children under 2 years of age. Major pathological findings were found in 30% comprising muscular dystrophy, neurogenic atrophy, and congenital and metabolic disorders, even in cases with vague clinical manifestations. These findings confirm the high diagnostic yield of muscle biopsies, especially as new techniques have been introduced such as immunohistochemistry. Muscle pathology is difficult and emphasizes the importance of this service being undertaken by specialized laboratories with an experienced staff. Microscopical examination of muscle biopsies should be based on adequate clinical information, demonstrating the necessity of close contact between pathologists and referring physicians.

Research paper thumbnail of In Reply: Features of Septic Shock and Hepatitis in Parechovirus Myocarditis

The Pediatric infectious disease journal, 2015

K disease (KD) is one of the most common vasculitides of childhood. The cause of KD remains unkno... more K disease (KD) is one of the most common vasculitides of childhood. The cause of KD remains unknown, but it is thought that the immune system is activated by infectious or environmental triggers in genetically susceptible hosts. Although some patients with postvaccination KD have been described, patients with postinfluenza vaccination KD have never been reported. Herein, we describe the case of a patient with postinfluenza vaccination KD. A previously healthy, 2-year-old girl was brought for evaluation because of a highgrade fever. The girl had received 2 doses of the influenza vaccine 36 and 8 days before the onset of fever. Because she subsequently exhibited right cervical lymphadenopathy and bilateral conjunctival injection of 4 days’ duration, she was admitted to our hospital. The body temperature was 38.7°C at the time of admission. The physical examination revealed bilateral conjunctival injection, truncal erythema, erythema and edema of the hands bilaterally, right cervical lymphadenopathy and injected lips. Laboratory testing revealed leukocytosis (white blood cell count = 24,500/μL) with increased immature forms, an elevated C-reactive protein (14.46 mg/dL) and hyponatremia (sodium = 131 mEq/L). Based on these findings, the patient was diagnosed with KD. Intravenous immunoglobulin therapy (2 g/kg/dose) for 1 day and oral administration of aspirin (30 mg/kg per day) resulted in rapid improvement of the KD signs and of abnormal laboratory test results. She remains well without coronary artery abnormalities 2 months after the onset of the present illness. Our patient developed postinfluenza vaccination KD. Post-hepatitis B and yellow fever vaccination KD have been reported. Although postinfluenza vaccination KD has not been reported, it is well known that influenza vaccination can cause various types of vasculitides, such as ANCA-associated vasculitis and Henoch– Schönlein purpura, the so-called “postinfluenza vaccination vasculitides.” Although the mechanism underlying the development of influenza vaccine-induced vasculitides is unknown, a possible link between influenza vaccination and autoimmunity has been suggested. Because an activated immune system following infectious or environmental stimulation contributes to the development of KD, influenza vaccination possibly served as a trigger for the development of KD in our patient.

Research paper thumbnail of High frequency of enterovirus <scp>D</scp> 68 in children hospitalised with respiratory illness in <scp>N</scp> orway, autumn 2014

Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses, Dec 23, 2014

Objectives An unexpectedly high proportion of children were admitted for severe respiratory infec... more Objectives An unexpectedly high proportion of children were admitted for severe respiratory infections at the Oslo University Hospital, Ullev al, Norway, during September and October, 2014. In light of the ongoing outbreak of enterovirus-D68 (EV-D68) in North America a real-time RT-PCR for screening of enterovirus and enterovirus D68 was established. Design We developed a duplex real-time RT-PCR for rapid screening of enterovirus D68. The method target the 5 0 nontranslated region (NTR) of the HEV genome at a location generally used for enterovirus detection. Sample Nasopharyngeal samples (n = 354), from children <15 years of age, received for respiratory virus analysis in OUH during September 1st and October 31nd, 2014, were tested for enterovirus and screened for enterovirus D68. Main outcome measures and results The duplex real-time RT-PCR method was an efficient tool for rapid screening for EV-D68 in respiratory specimens. Enterovirus was detected in 66 (22%) of 303 pediatric nasopharyngeal samples collected from children hospitalised with acute respiratory infection within the two-month period. Out of these, 33 (50%) were EV-D68. EV-D68 was associated with acute flaccid paralysis in one child. Conclusions An unexpectedly high proportion of children admitted for severe respiratory infections at the Oslo University Hospital, Ullev al, Norway, were diagnosed with EV-D68 during September 1st and October 31nd, 2014. These results emphasise that greater vigilance is required throughout Europe as enteroviruses are cause of severe respiratory disease.

Research paper thumbnail of Early food intervention and skin emollients to prevent food allergy in young children (PreventADALL): a factorial, multicentre, cluster-randomised trial

Research paper thumbnail of Two cases of acute severe flaccid myelitis associated with enterovirus D68 infection in children, Norway, autumn 2014

Eurosurveillance, Mar 12, 2015

Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68), phylogenetic clade B was identified in nasopharyngeal specimens of two ... more Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68), phylogenetic clade B was identified in nasopharyngeal specimens of two cases of severe acute flaccid myelitis. The cases were six and five years-old and occurred in September and November 2014. EV-D68 is increasingly associated with acute flaccid myelitis in children, most cases being reported in the United States. Awareness of this possible neurological complication of enterovirus D68 infection is needed. An unexpectedly high proportion of children were admitted for severe respiratory infections at the Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Norway, during September and October, 2014 [1]. Enterovirus was detected in 66 (22%) of 303 samples from children hospitalised with acute respiratory infection, and in five of 51 samples received from outpatient clinics. Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) was verified in 33 of the enterovirus-positive samples from hospitalised patients, and in one of the outpatients. We report two cases of severe acute flaccid myelitis (AFM) associated with EV-D68 infection that occurred in September and November 2014 in Norway.

Research paper thumbnail of Muscle biopsies in children—an evaluation of histopathology and clinical value during a 5-year period

Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences, 2009

Muscle biopsy is an important diagnostic tool in the investigation of children with neuromuscular... more Muscle biopsy is an important diagnostic tool in the investigation of children with neuromuscular disorders. This report presents the experience with paediatric muscle biopsies during a 5-year period at a routine pathology laboratory. A total number of 58 cases were included, and indications, microscopical findings, and final histopathological diagnoses were recorded. A total of 21 biopsies were from females (36%) and 37 biopsies from males (64%); 53% of the cases were from children under 2 years of age. Major pathological findings were found in 30% comprising muscular dystrophy, neurogenic atrophy, and congenital and metabolic disorders, even in cases with vague clinical manifestations. These findings confirm the high diagnostic yield of muscle biopsies, especially as new techniques have been introduced such as immunohistochemistry. Muscle pathology is difficult and emphasizes the importance of this service being undertaken by specialized laboratories with an experienced staff. Microscopical examination of muscle biopsies should be based on adequate clinical information, demonstrating the necessity of close contact between pathologists and referring physicians.

Research paper thumbnail of Early food intervention and skin emollients to prevent food allergy in young children (PreventADALL): a factorial, multicentre, cluster-randomised trial

Research paper thumbnail of Lumbar microdiscectomy for sciatica in adolescents: a multicentre observational registry-based study

Acta Neurochirurgica, 2017

Background Lumbar disc herniation (LDH) is rare in the adolescent population. Factors predisposin... more Background Lumbar disc herniation (LDH) is rare in the adolescent population. Factors predisposing to LDH in adolescents differ from adults with more cases being related to trauma or structural malformations. Further, there are limited data on patient-reported outcomes after lumbar microdiscectomy in adolescents. Our aim was to compare clinical outcomes at 1 year following single-level lumbar microdiscectomy in adolescents (13-19 years old) compared to younger adults (20-50 years old) with LDH. Methods Data were collected through the Norwegian Registry for Spine Surgery. Patients were eligible if they had radiculopathy due to LDH, underwent single-level lumbar microdiscectomy between January 2007 and May 2014, and were between 13 and 50 years old at time of surgery. The primary endpoint was change in Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) 1 year after surgery. Secondary endpoints were generic quality of life (EuroQol five dimensions [EQ-5D]), back pain numerical rating scale (NRS), leg pain NRS and complications. Results A total of 3,245 patients were included (97 patients 13-19 years old and 3,148 patients 20-50 years old). A significant improvement in ODI was observed for the whole population, but there was no difference between groups (0.6; 95% CI, −4.5 to 5.8; p = 0.811). There were no differences between groups concerning EQ-5D (−0.04; 95% CI, −0.15 to 0.07; p = 0.442), back pain NRS (−0.4; 95% CI, −1.2 to 0.4; p = 0.279), leg pain NRS (−0.4; 95% CI, −1.2 to 0.5; p = 0.374) or perioperative complications (1.0% for adolescents, 5.1% for adults, p = 0.072). Conclusions The effectiveness and safety of single-level microdiscectomy are similar in adolescents and the adult population at 1-year follow-up.

Research paper thumbnail of Severe Parechovirus Infection Norwegian Infants

The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal

Research paper thumbnail of Two cases of acute severe flaccid myelitis associated with enterovirus D68 infection in children, Norway, autumn 2014

Eurosurveillance, 2015

Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68), phylogenetic clade B was identified in nasopharyngeal specimens of two ... more Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68), phylogenetic clade B was identified in nasopharyngeal specimens of two cases of severe acute flaccid myelitis. The cases were six and five years-old and occurred in September and November 2014. EV-D68 is increasingly associated with acute flaccid myelitis in children, most cases being reported in the United States. Awareness of this possible neurological complication of enterovirus D68 infection is needed.

Research paper thumbnail of Severe Parechovirus Infection in Norwegian Infants

Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal, 2014

Background: Human parechovirus genotype 3 (HPeV-3) has been linked to meningoencephalitis and sep... more Background: Human parechovirus genotype 3 (HPeV-3) has been linked to meningoencephalitis and sepsis-like disease in infants younger than 3 months. Methods: We present clinical and phylogenetic characteristics of 15 infants who were admitted with HPeV-3 infections to 3 hospitals in Norway during a period of 7 months in 2011. Results: Eleven patients had a sepsis-like disease, and meningoencephalitis was found in 10. Phylogenetic analyses of the viral protein (VP)3/ VP1 region showed that all HPeV-3 isolates clustered closely and differentially from previously known HPeV-3 lineages. Fourteen of the 15 infants recovered after 1-3 weeks. One boy had widespread cerebral magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities, but at 1 year of age he had a normal psychomotor status. Conclusion: A new HPeV-3-strain caused sepsis-like disease and meningoencephalitis in 15 Norwegian infants. All but 1 recovered within a few weeks.

Research paper thumbnail of En 15 måneder gammel jente med feber og pancytopeni

Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening, 2011

Noe å laere av En 15 måneder gammel jente med feber og pancytopeni 2482-6 En 15 måneder gammel je... more Noe å laere av En 15 måneder gammel jente med feber og pancytopeni 2482-6 En 15 måneder gammel jente ble innlagt etter et par måneders sykehistorie med feberepisoder, tiltakende blekhet og stor abdomen. Ved innkomsten var hun høyfebril med palpatorisk forstørret lever og milt. Blodprøver viste pancytopeni, høyt CRP-nivå og høyt serum-ferritinnivå. Vi beskriver diagnostiske vurderinger, utredning og behandling. Engelsk oversettelse av hele artikkelen på www.tidsskriftet.no

Research paper thumbnail of High frequency of enterovirus D68 in children hospitalised with respiratory illness in Norway, autumn 2014

Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses, 2014

ObjectivesAn unexpectedly high proportion of children were admitted for severe respiratory infect... more ObjectivesAn unexpectedly high proportion of children were admitted for severe respiratory infections at the Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Norway, during September and October, 2014. In light of the ongoing outbreak of enterovirus‐D68 (EV‐D68) in North America a real‐time RT‐PCR for screening of enterovirus and enterovirus D68 was established.DesignWe developed a duplex real‐time RT‐PCR for rapid screening of enterovirus D68. The method target the 5′ non‐translated region (NTR) of the HEV genome at a location generally used for enterovirus detection.SampleNasopharyngeal samples (n = 354), from children <15 years of age, received for respiratory virus analysis in OUH during September 1st and October 31nd, 2014, were tested for enterovirus and screened for enterovirus D68.Main outcome measures and resultsThe duplex real‐time RT‐PCR method was an efficient tool for rapid screening for EV‐D68 in respiratory specimens. Enterovirus was detected in 66 (22%) of 303 pediatric nasopha...

Research paper thumbnail of Muscle biopsies in children—an evaluation of histopathology and clinical value during a 5-year period

Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences, 2009

Muscle biopsy is an important diagnostic tool in the investigation of children with neuromuscular... more Muscle biopsy is an important diagnostic tool in the investigation of children with neuromuscular disorders. This report presents the experience with paediatric muscle biopsies during a 5-year period at a routine pathology laboratory. A total number of 58 cases were included, and indications, microscopical findings, and final histopathological diagnoses were recorded. A total of 21 biopsies were from females (36%) and 37 biopsies from males (64%); 53% of the cases were from children under 2 years of age. Major pathological findings were found in 30% comprising muscular dystrophy, neurogenic atrophy, and congenital and metabolic disorders, even in cases with vague clinical manifestations. These findings confirm the high diagnostic yield of muscle biopsies, especially as new techniques have been introduced such as immunohistochemistry. Muscle pathology is difficult and emphasizes the importance of this service being undertaken by specialized laboratories with an experienced staff. Microscopical examination of muscle biopsies should be based on adequate clinical information, demonstrating the necessity of close contact between pathologists and referring physicians.

Research paper thumbnail of In Reply: Features of Septic Shock and Hepatitis in Parechovirus Myocarditis

The Pediatric infectious disease journal, 2015

K disease (KD) is one of the most common vasculitides of childhood. The cause of KD remains unkno... more K disease (KD) is one of the most common vasculitides of childhood. The cause of KD remains unknown, but it is thought that the immune system is activated by infectious or environmental triggers in genetically susceptible hosts. Although some patients with postvaccination KD have been described, patients with postinfluenza vaccination KD have never been reported. Herein, we describe the case of a patient with postinfluenza vaccination KD. A previously healthy, 2-year-old girl was brought for evaluation because of a highgrade fever. The girl had received 2 doses of the influenza vaccine 36 and 8 days before the onset of fever. Because she subsequently exhibited right cervical lymphadenopathy and bilateral conjunctival injection of 4 days’ duration, she was admitted to our hospital. The body temperature was 38.7°C at the time of admission. The physical examination revealed bilateral conjunctival injection, truncal erythema, erythema and edema of the hands bilaterally, right cervical lymphadenopathy and injected lips. Laboratory testing revealed leukocytosis (white blood cell count = 24,500/μL) with increased immature forms, an elevated C-reactive protein (14.46 mg/dL) and hyponatremia (sodium = 131 mEq/L). Based on these findings, the patient was diagnosed with KD. Intravenous immunoglobulin therapy (2 g/kg/dose) for 1 day and oral administration of aspirin (30 mg/kg per day) resulted in rapid improvement of the KD signs and of abnormal laboratory test results. She remains well without coronary artery abnormalities 2 months after the onset of the present illness. Our patient developed postinfluenza vaccination KD. Post-hepatitis B and yellow fever vaccination KD have been reported. Although postinfluenza vaccination KD has not been reported, it is well known that influenza vaccination can cause various types of vasculitides, such as ANCA-associated vasculitis and Henoch– Schönlein purpura, the so-called “postinfluenza vaccination vasculitides.” Although the mechanism underlying the development of influenza vaccine-induced vasculitides is unknown, a possible link between influenza vaccination and autoimmunity has been suggested. Because an activated immune system following infectious or environmental stimulation contributes to the development of KD, influenza vaccination possibly served as a trigger for the development of KD in our patient.