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Papers by Mark Bryan Manantan

Research paper thumbnail of Japan’s Data Free Flow with Trust: Progress and Prospects in Data Governance

WORLD SCIENTIFIC eBooks, Jul 1, 2023

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Research paper thumbnail of U.S., Japan, and Southeast Asia cooperation : building a data governance blueprint

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Research paper thumbnail of Pivot Toward China: A Critical Analysis of the Philippines' Policy Shift on the South China Sea Disputes

Asian Politics & Policy, 2019

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Research paper thumbnail of Creating a Sovereign Wealth Fund: Transparency, Sound Governance, and Benefit Sharing in Philippine Offshore Energy Resources

SSRN Electronic Journal

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Research paper thumbnail of Advancing cyber diplomacy in the Asia Pacific: Japan and Australia

Australian Journal of International Affairs, 2021

The stability in the cyber domain is rapidly deteriorating on several fronts marked by increasing... more The stability in the cyber domain is rapidly deteriorating on several fronts marked by increasing sophistication of cyberattacks, declining consensus on global internet governance and intensifying great power competition. These challenges were critical turning points among nation-states to recalibrate prevailing cyber diplomatic engagements. This article investigates the increasing prominence of deterrence in the practice of cyber diplomacy in the Asia Pacific. Using Japan and Australia as case studies, it argues that both states continue to adhere to the conceptual tenets of cyber diplomacy, however, in practice, there is a growing integration of deterrence—cyber capabilities and public attribution/naming and shaming—in the equation at varying degrees and intensities. The article endeavours to make two important contributions: First, revitalize the existing cyber diplomacy framework by challenging the extant literature’s view of deterrence’s limited application—underpinned by cold ...

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Research paper thumbnail of The People’s Republic of China’s Cyber Coercion: Taiwan, Hong Kong, and the South China Sea

Issues & Studies, 2020

This paper investigates the increasing use of cyber coercion by the People’s Republic of China (P... more This paper investigates the increasing use of cyber coercion by the People’s Republic of China (PRC) among its core interests: Taiwan, Hong Kong, and the South China Sea. It argues that the PRC’s d...

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Research paper thumbnail of Sovereign Wealth Fund (SWF) Policy Options for Philippine Off-shore Energy Resources

SSRN Electronic Journal

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Research paper thumbnail of Pivot Toward China: A Critical Analysis of the Philippines' Policy Shift on the South China Sea Disputes

Pivot Toward China: A Critical Analysis of the Philippines’ Policy Shift on the South China Sea Disputes, 2019

This article investigates the Philippines’ puzzling reversal of its position against China follow... more This article investigates the Philippines’ puzzling reversal of its position against China following its victory in the Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA) on maritime claims in the South China Sea. Instead of asserting its de jure sovereign rights, which were reaffirmed by the PCA’s decision, Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte instead opted to build stronger relations with China. Proposing a burden-sharing analytical approach, the article argues that the Philippines is using China as leverage in its alliance with the United States. By exploiting the “China Card” and downplaying the arbitration case, the Philippines has extracted concessions from Beijing and Washington. In capitalizing on the Sino-American rivalry, Manila has reaffirmed its strategic value within the U.S.‒Philippines alliance while benefitting more visibly from Chinese foreign aid and investment pledges. However, the Philippines’ policy posture vis-à-vis China reflects short-term diplomatic and economic tactics rather than an enduring strategic reorientation away from the United States.

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Conference Presentations by Mark Bryan Manantan

Research paper thumbnail of Philippine-Australia Dialogue: Security Dimensions of the Comprehensive Partnership

Philippine-Australia Dialogue: Security Dimensions of the Comprehensive Partnership, 2018

This policy paper provides an assessment of convergent security concerns and interests between th... more This policy paper provides an assessment of convergent security concerns and interests between the Philippines and Australia within the framework of the Philippine-Australia Comprehensive Partnership. The insights presented in this paper reflect the views and analyses of experts who participated in the Philippine-Australia Dialogue: Security Dimensions of the Comprehensive Partnership held in Manila last June 2018. Key areas of discussions focused on regional security architecture, maritime security and cooperation, counterterrorism, and cybersecurity. The overall findings conclude that continuous dialogue between Australia and the Philippines is essential. Moving forward, track 1.5 and track 2 interactions offer opportunities for Australia and the Philippines to continuously collaborate in the formulation and evaluation of policies to address common challenges and achieve shared goals and interests.
The Philippines and Australia must enhance their maritime security cooperation through regular sharing of strategic assessments and information-sharing. As a critical party in the emerging power dynamics in the South China Sea, the Philippines’ geostrategic location situated between the Pacific and Indian ocean is a viable site for launching deterrence and offensive moves should potential conflict ensue. Australia can offer assistance to enhance the Philippines’s territorial defense capabilities, such as air defense and anti-submarine warfare.
During the Marawi siege, Australia extended assistance by providing reconnaissance, and intelligence support, training assistance and joint maritime patrols. There must be increased public discussion to raise awareness and support for Australia’s efforts in Marawi and its history of counterterrorism cooperation with the Philippines. This must not only
3
4 Executive Summary
reflect the state of bilateral relations but also the engagement of Australia and ASEAN in fighting terrorism.
In the area of cybersecurity, the Philippines and Australia should work together on capacity-building and training opportunities. A dedicated Track 1.5 track dialogue may be conducted to boost the collaborative relationship on cyber issues that involve not only the government but also civil society groups. Also, the Philippines could participate in regional cyber security simulations. Australia has been working with Singapore in this area. Timely information sharing is also a key area of collaboration. Such shared information will be useful given the prominence of common actors involved in persistent cyber-attacks and espionage in the Indo Pacific region.
With the immense challenges that the international rules-based order is currently facing, the Philippine-Australia security dialogue is critical. Both countries are pivotal actors in protecting and promoting the set of norms and values that underpin the rules-based order, given the longstanding history of people-to-people relationships, institutional partnerships, and their common commitment to the rule of law and democracy. These common interests and shared values are further solidified in the Comprehensive Partnership signed by both states. The Comprehensive Partnership serves as a platform to explore research collaboration and continuous dialogue in addressing converging issues and interests. The success of liberating Marawi City from the ISIS-affiliated Maute group demonstrated the value of such partnership in streamlining technical and intelligence-gathering cooperation in counterterrorism.
Aside from counterterrorism, Australia and the Philippines must focus on the growing security threats in cyber space, maritime cooperation, natural disasters, and climate change. It is therefore crucial for both U.S. allies to include these issues in their succeeding Track 1.5 dialogue engagement. Furthermore, it is also worthwhile for both states to elevate their bilateral cooperation to a strategic level. Through strategic partnership, both states could become more flexible and agile in formulating common strategies and responding to converging security threats.

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Research paper thumbnail of Japan’s Data Free Flow with Trust: Progress and Prospects in Data Governance

WORLD SCIENTIFIC eBooks, Jul 1, 2023

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of U.S., Japan, and Southeast Asia cooperation : building a data governance blueprint

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Pivot Toward China: A Critical Analysis of the Philippines' Policy Shift on the South China Sea Disputes

Asian Politics & Policy, 2019

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Research paper thumbnail of Creating a Sovereign Wealth Fund: Transparency, Sound Governance, and Benefit Sharing in Philippine Offshore Energy Resources

SSRN Electronic Journal

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Advancing cyber diplomacy in the Asia Pacific: Japan and Australia

Australian Journal of International Affairs, 2021

The stability in the cyber domain is rapidly deteriorating on several fronts marked by increasing... more The stability in the cyber domain is rapidly deteriorating on several fronts marked by increasing sophistication of cyberattacks, declining consensus on global internet governance and intensifying great power competition. These challenges were critical turning points among nation-states to recalibrate prevailing cyber diplomatic engagements. This article investigates the increasing prominence of deterrence in the practice of cyber diplomacy in the Asia Pacific. Using Japan and Australia as case studies, it argues that both states continue to adhere to the conceptual tenets of cyber diplomacy, however, in practice, there is a growing integration of deterrence—cyber capabilities and public attribution/naming and shaming—in the equation at varying degrees and intensities. The article endeavours to make two important contributions: First, revitalize the existing cyber diplomacy framework by challenging the extant literature’s view of deterrence’s limited application—underpinned by cold ...

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of The People’s Republic of China’s Cyber Coercion: Taiwan, Hong Kong, and the South China Sea

Issues & Studies, 2020

This paper investigates the increasing use of cyber coercion by the People’s Republic of China (P... more This paper investigates the increasing use of cyber coercion by the People’s Republic of China (PRC) among its core interests: Taiwan, Hong Kong, and the South China Sea. It argues that the PRC’s d...

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Sovereign Wealth Fund (SWF) Policy Options for Philippine Off-shore Energy Resources

SSRN Electronic Journal

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Pivot Toward China: A Critical Analysis of the Philippines' Policy Shift on the South China Sea Disputes

Pivot Toward China: A Critical Analysis of the Philippines’ Policy Shift on the South China Sea Disputes, 2019

This article investigates the Philippines’ puzzling reversal of its position against China follow... more This article investigates the Philippines’ puzzling reversal of its position against China following its victory in the Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA) on maritime claims in the South China Sea. Instead of asserting its de jure sovereign rights, which were reaffirmed by the PCA’s decision, Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte instead opted to build stronger relations with China. Proposing a burden-sharing analytical approach, the article argues that the Philippines is using China as leverage in its alliance with the United States. By exploiting the “China Card” and downplaying the arbitration case, the Philippines has extracted concessions from Beijing and Washington. In capitalizing on the Sino-American rivalry, Manila has reaffirmed its strategic value within the U.S.‒Philippines alliance while benefitting more visibly from Chinese foreign aid and investment pledges. However, the Philippines’ policy posture vis-à-vis China reflects short-term diplomatic and economic tactics rather than an enduring strategic reorientation away from the United States.

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Philippine-Australia Dialogue: Security Dimensions of the Comprehensive Partnership

Philippine-Australia Dialogue: Security Dimensions of the Comprehensive Partnership, 2018

This policy paper provides an assessment of convergent security concerns and interests between th... more This policy paper provides an assessment of convergent security concerns and interests between the Philippines and Australia within the framework of the Philippine-Australia Comprehensive Partnership. The insights presented in this paper reflect the views and analyses of experts who participated in the Philippine-Australia Dialogue: Security Dimensions of the Comprehensive Partnership held in Manila last June 2018. Key areas of discussions focused on regional security architecture, maritime security and cooperation, counterterrorism, and cybersecurity. The overall findings conclude that continuous dialogue between Australia and the Philippines is essential. Moving forward, track 1.5 and track 2 interactions offer opportunities for Australia and the Philippines to continuously collaborate in the formulation and evaluation of policies to address common challenges and achieve shared goals and interests.
The Philippines and Australia must enhance their maritime security cooperation through regular sharing of strategic assessments and information-sharing. As a critical party in the emerging power dynamics in the South China Sea, the Philippines’ geostrategic location situated between the Pacific and Indian ocean is a viable site for launching deterrence and offensive moves should potential conflict ensue. Australia can offer assistance to enhance the Philippines’s territorial defense capabilities, such as air defense and anti-submarine warfare.
During the Marawi siege, Australia extended assistance by providing reconnaissance, and intelligence support, training assistance and joint maritime patrols. There must be increased public discussion to raise awareness and support for Australia’s efforts in Marawi and its history of counterterrorism cooperation with the Philippines. This must not only
3
4 Executive Summary
reflect the state of bilateral relations but also the engagement of Australia and ASEAN in fighting terrorism.
In the area of cybersecurity, the Philippines and Australia should work together on capacity-building and training opportunities. A dedicated Track 1.5 track dialogue may be conducted to boost the collaborative relationship on cyber issues that involve not only the government but also civil society groups. Also, the Philippines could participate in regional cyber security simulations. Australia has been working with Singapore in this area. Timely information sharing is also a key area of collaboration. Such shared information will be useful given the prominence of common actors involved in persistent cyber-attacks and espionage in the Indo Pacific region.
With the immense challenges that the international rules-based order is currently facing, the Philippine-Australia security dialogue is critical. Both countries are pivotal actors in protecting and promoting the set of norms and values that underpin the rules-based order, given the longstanding history of people-to-people relationships, institutional partnerships, and their common commitment to the rule of law and democracy. These common interests and shared values are further solidified in the Comprehensive Partnership signed by both states. The Comprehensive Partnership serves as a platform to explore research collaboration and continuous dialogue in addressing converging issues and interests. The success of liberating Marawi City from the ISIS-affiliated Maute group demonstrated the value of such partnership in streamlining technical and intelligence-gathering cooperation in counterterrorism.
Aside from counterterrorism, Australia and the Philippines must focus on the growing security threats in cyber space, maritime cooperation, natural disasters, and climate change. It is therefore crucial for both U.S. allies to include these issues in their succeeding Track 1.5 dialogue engagement. Furthermore, it is also worthwhile for both states to elevate their bilateral cooperation to a strategic level. Through strategic partnership, both states could become more flexible and agile in formulating common strategies and responding to converging security threats.

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact