Mark Payton - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Mark Payton

International Journal of Fruit Science

Journal of medical entomology, 2015

Reptiles were collected in nine counties in Oklahoma from September 2002 to May 2004 and examined... more Reptiles were collected in nine counties in Oklahoma from September 2002 to May 2004 and examined for Ixodes scapularis (Say) larvae and nymphs to determine seasonal incidence and prevalence of these ticks. In total, 209 reptile specimens consisting of nine species of lizards and seven species of snakes were collected. Plestiodon fasciatus (L.) was the most numerous species collected (55%) followed by Sceloporus undulatus (Latreille) (17%) and Scincella lateralis (Say) (11%). Less than 10 individuals were collected for all remaining reptile species. The infestation prevalence of I. scapularis on all reptile specimens collected was 14% for larvae and 25% for nymphs. Larvae were found on lizards from April until September and peaked in May, while nymphs were found from March until September and peaked in April. I. scapularis larvae (84%) and nymphs (73%) preferentially attached to the axillae/front leg of P. fasciatus. Two chigger species, Eutrombicula splendens (Ewing) and Eutrombicu...

A split-plot design was used to investigate the effects of implant type and protein source on per... more A split-plot design was used to investigate the effects of implant type and protein source on performance of steers grazing summer pasture. Each year, 196 steers were stratified by arrival weight (216 ± 24 kg and 208 ± 23 kg for 2008 and 2009, respectively) and randomly allotted to 1 of 3 implant treatments in early June. Implant treatments were no implant (control), Ralgro (Schering-Plough Animal Health Corp., Union, NJ), and Component TE-G (Ivy Animal Health, Overland Park, KS). Supplement treatments were no supplement (control), cottonseed meal-based supplement (CSM; 33% CP), and dried distillers grains-based supplement (DDGS; 33% CP). Supplementation began in late July, and supplements were group fed, within pasture, 3 times each week at a rate of 0.95 kg/steer (DM basis). Supplementation increased BW and ADG by 12 and 0.16 kg, respectively (P < 0.05). Rate of BW gain was also improved by 0.05 kg (P < 0.05) for DDGS as compared with CSM, resulting in 2.67 versus 3.78 kg of supplement per kilogram of additional ADG for DDGS and CSM, respectively. Implantation increased final BW (P = 0.02) and improved ADG 8.1% (P = 0.01) during the first ~95 d, regardless of implant type. However, Component TE-G increased ADG (0.08 kg; P = 0.01) the final ~31 d of the grazing season as compared with control and Ralgro-implanted cattle. Responses to supplement and implant programs were additive. Supplementing DDGS and implanting with Component TE-G were the most economical programs during the 126-d grazing season.

Canadian journal of veterinary research = Revue canadienne de recherche vétérinaire

A b s t r a c t Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) persistently infected (PI) calves represent si... more A b s t r a c t Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) persistently infected (PI) calves represent significant sources of infection to susceptible cattle. The objectives of this study were to determine if PI calves transmitted infection to vaccinated and unvaccinated calves, to determine if BVDV vaccine strains could be differentiated from the PI field strains by subtyping molecular techniques, and if there were different rates of recovery from peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) versus serums for acutely infected calves. Calves PI with BVDV1b were placed in pens with nonvaccinated and vaccinated calves for 35 d. Peripheral blood leukocytes, serums, and nasal swabs were collected for viral isolation and serology. In addition, transmission of Bovine herpes virus 1 (BHV-1), Parainfluenza-3 virus (PI-3V), and Bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) was monitored during the 35 d observation period.

Story in Brief The objective of this study was to determine if stage of the estrous cycle or foll... more Story in Brief The objective of this study was to determine if stage of the estrous cycle or follicle diameter influences concentrations of steroids or IGF-I in follicular fluid of mares. Follicular fluid and granulosa cells from small (<15 mm), medium (16-25 mm) and large (>25 mm) follicles were collected from luteal (n=6) and follicular (n=8) phase mares. Follicular fluid estradiol concentrations differed with estrous cycle stage and follicle diameter. In contrast, progesterone levels were not affected by either estrous cycle stage or follicle diameter. Concentrations of IGF-I did not differ with estrous cycle stage, but increased with follicle diameter. These results indicate that estrous cycle stage and(or) follicle diameter influence concentrations of steroids and IGF-I in follicular fluid of mares.

Comparative Exercise Physiology

One of the most important nutrients for plant production is phosphorus (P). However mismanagement... more One of the most important nutrients for plant production is phosphorus (P). However mismanagement of fertilizer or manure can lead to P build-up in surface soils and elevate P loss in runoff possibly resulting in accelerated eutrophication. Concern of excess P in runoff has increased interest in water-soluble soil P and its use in determining potential for runoff P loss. Several variations of this procedure are currently in practice causing difficulty in comparing research findings. This study evaluated the effectiveness of several common variations of the water-soluble P procedures. Water-soluble soil P was analyzed for 10 soils using four different soil to solution ratios (1:2, 1:5, 1:10, 1:50) and four extraction times (10, 30, 60, and 900 min.). In addition, calcium chloride solutions (0.005 M, 0.01 M, 0.02 M) were compared to deionized water (DW) as extractant. The average amount of water-soluble P increased with wider soil to solution ratio, whereas the extraction time had no effect on the amount of P extracted. Water-soluble P extracted by the various soil to solution ratios and extraction times was significantly related to Mehlich 3 P (r 2 . 0.83; p , 0.001). These findings suggest that a standardized procedure be used for water-soluble P analysis.

The Journal of the American Osteopathic Association

While correlations have been demonstrated between postpartum depression and psychosocial and circ... more While correlations have been demonstrated between postpartum depression and psychosocial and circumstantial risk factors, some evidence exists for a similar relationship between postpartum depression and thyroid measures. To search at 4 weeks postpartum for correlations of numerical scores on a postnatal depression screening tool and thyroid measures. Subjects took the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) prenatally and at 4 weeks postpartum. Participants were also given blood tests for thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine4, thyroid peroxidase, and thyroglobulin at the same testing intervals. Fifty-one subjects aged 18 years or older were recruited. Subjects with higher serum TSH at 4 weeks postpartum tended to have higher EPDS scores. Similarly, the 7 subjects (13.7%) with positive postnatal thyroid antibody tests were more likely than their counterparts to have higher EPDS scores. Presence of thyroid autoantibodies or higher TSH levels during the postpartum per...

The Journal of reproductive medicine

To search for a possible correlation between incidence of postpartum depression (PPD) and any of ... more To search for a possible correlation between incidence of postpartum depression (PPD) and any of the following factors recorded in patient charts at the routine, 4-week postnatal visit: age, breast-feeding status, smoker/nonsmoker, marital status, preexisting depression and type of delivery. Data were obtained from 588 obstetric charts for women who gave birth between June 1, 2003, and June 1, 2004, at 3 university clinics in Tulsa, Oklahoma. Prior history of depression and smoking cigarettes were significant risk factors for an Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale score of 13 or higher, indicating probable PPD. Our data and previous findings warrant continued investigation in a larger study to clearly delineate these and other possible risk factors for PPD and to facilitate prophylactic patient education and intervention strategies.

Microbiology, 2001

Arylamine N-acetyltransferases (NATs) are enzymes involved in the detoxification of a range of ar... more Arylamine N-acetyltransferases (NATs) are enzymes involved in the detoxification of a range of arylamine and hydrazine-based xenobiotics. NATs have been implicated in the endogenous metabolism of p-aminobenzoyl glutamate in eukaryotes, although very little ...

The aphid parasitoid, Diaeretiella rapae (M’Intosh), is considered a specialist on Cruciferous pl... more The aphid parasitoid, Diaeretiella rapae (M’Intosh), is considered a specialist on Cruciferous plants, but is also capable of using aphid hosts in some grasses. In Oklahoma where canola, Brassica napus, is rotated with wheat, Triticum aestivum, there is opportunity for movement of D. rapae between crops and hosts. Laboratory colonies of D. rapae were maintained in both winter wheat infested with bird cherry-oat aphids, Rhopalosiphum padi, and canola infested with cabbage aphids, Brevicoryne brassicae. Diaeretiella rapae were collected as mummies from the two emergence environments and stored in individual containers at 22±1°C and 16:8 L/D until the adult wasp emerged. Adult females that were unmated were collected and a single wasp was introduced into cone-tainers containing either wheat infested with bird cherry-oat aphids or canola infested with cabbage aphids. After 24hr the D. rapae female was removed and the aphids and plants were maintained in the cone-tainers for an additiona...

Positive controls are essential for PCR reliability and are challenging to obtain for rare, exoti... more Positive controls are essential for PCR reliability and are challenging to obtain for rare, exotic and/or emerging pathogens and pose biosafety risks if manufactured using infectious pathogens. Custom synthetic DNA inserts can be designed de novo in tandems of forward and reverse complement priming sequences to be inserted in circular plasmid vectors. To test this concept, artificial positive controls (APCs) for use in PCR were synthesized to contain primer sequences targeting four viruses (Barley yellow dwarf virus, Soilborne wheat mosaic virus, Triticum mosaic virus and Wheat streak mosaic virus) pathogenic to wheat and, as internal control, the plant mitochondrial nad5 gene. Thermodynamics and folding parameters of twenty-four APC inserts were assessed in silico. Two thermodynamically different APCs, designated optimal and sub-optimal, were cloned and tested using end point PCR. The optimal APC had a 100% amplification rate, while only 92% of virus-infected plant tissues, commonly used as reference positive controls, amplified. An array of APC priming sequences from different organisms and/or previously tested primers can be accommodated in a large and flexible number of positive control targets. APCs will streamline and standardize routine PCR, improve reliability and biosafety, and create opportunities for development and commercialization of new synthetic positive control sequences.

Journal of AOAC International

The Mehlich 3 (M3) method is widely used to extract plant-available phosphorus from soil over a w... more The Mehlich 3 (M3) method is widely used to extract plant-available phosphorus from soil over a wide range of pH values. The method is also used by many laboratories to determine multiple plant-available nutrients simultaneously. However, except for P, this method has not been statistically validated within and among laboratories. The objective of this study was to determine the repeatability (within-laboratory performance) and reproducibility (among-laboratories performance) of the M3 method for several different nutrients by using a wide variety of soils. An in-house homogeneity test was conducted for 11 soils. Three replicates of each of the 11 soils were sent to 23 domestic and international laboratories for analyses primarily for K, Ca, Mg, Zn, Mn, Fe, and Cu. Samples were scooped, weighed, or both scooped and weighed for extraction. The various nutrients in the extracts were quantified by the participating laboratories by using inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectr...

Southwestern Entomologist