Marko Hrelja - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Marko Hrelja

Organizations use broadcast search to identify new avenues of innovation. Research on innovation ... more Organizations use broadcast search to identify new avenues of innovation. Research on innovation contests provides insights on why excellent ideas are created in a broadcast search. However, there is little research on how excellent ideas are selected. Drawing from the brainstorming literature we find that the selection of excellent ideas needs further investigation. We propose that a hybrid model may lead to selection of better ideas. The hybrid model is a broadcast search approach that exploits the strengths of different actors and procedures in idea generation and the selection phase.

The goal of this paper is to make a contribution into cognitive studies in entrepreneurship by ex... more The goal of this paper is to make a contribution into cognitive studies in entrepreneurship by exploring the work of Francisco Varela and other researchers in the neurophenomenology field. Varelaʼs work provides a framework for understanding how a cognitive self can arise in an organism in the midst of its operational cycles of internal regulation. This contracts with existing research into system theory and knowledge transmission within an organization. A comparison is drawn from the fMRI experiments conducted by Fox and Raichle (2007) into cognitive ratchets. This brings insight into how perceptual awareness of the environment occurs in individuals from a hard measurable standpoint. This brings implications for the effectiveness of training programs for entrepreneurs.

This paper is an examination of the role that individual entrepreneurs play in the creation of st... more This paper is an examination of the role that individual entrepreneurs play in the creation of structure and complexity in newly emerging industries. Bridging between institutional theory, complexity theory, and the strategic management literature, we develop a model that explains how individual entrepreneurs pursuing opportunity in a new industry form a path-dependent basis for the creation of order and initial structure in that industry. We thereby illustrate how the development of industry structure in the early fluid stages is influenced by both economic effects and institutional effects. Our model explains the self-organization of a new industry through five distinct coordination mechanisms in which entrepreneurs behave as autonomous agents within a complex environment. We show how socially networked learning and rent-seeking behaviours of entrepreneurs combine to create an asymmetric transition mechanism that locks-in emergent order and results in overall greater structure and complexity.

The goal of this paper is to make a contribution to existing literature on economics of learning ... more The goal of this paper is to make a contribution to existing literature on economics of learning networks in firm formation. Specifically, making an argument for agent learning optimality as a key driver of network formation. Networks are formed based on maximized utility of agents. Agents exchange information for an price. This exchange is suited on bettering their information utility. This is one of the drivers of how agents selforganize. They assume a comparative advantage exists and they trade information accordingly. However, this paper proposes that agents are blinded by a partially observable market. Agents behave rationally according to their own frame of rationally. They organize themselves according to a possible future utility they can gain by learning. This paper attempts to explore what that time horizon is for what kind of agents. The analysis extends on the level of optimal connection required for learning in these networks based on specific absorptive capacities of network agents. Drawing from mechanisms in complexity theory, the argument describes an order for optimal useful learning to be generated into practice. Networks have to re-organize to set a new decision horizon for multiple agents to gain a perceived better learning utility.

Entrepreneurs create 'Ba' (a shared space for emerging relationships). In creating the 'Ba', the ... more Entrepreneurs create 'Ba' (a shared space for emerging relationships). In creating the 'Ba', the entrepreneur must utilize a higher order of consciousness, anticipating the needs of the lower order (see Wilber 2007). The 'Ba' is then turned into a knowledgebuilding network where self-organization of market resources (tangibles) emerges.

Organizations use broadcast search to identify new avenues of innovation. Research on innovation ... more Organizations use broadcast search to identify new avenues of innovation. Research on innovation contests provides insights on why excellent ideas are created in a broadcast search. However, there is little research on how excellent ideas are selected. Drawing from the brainstorming literature we find that the selection of excellent ideas needs further investigation. We propose that a hybrid model may lead to selection of better ideas. The hybrid model is a broadcast search approach that exploits the strengths of different actors and procedures in idea generation and the selection phase.

The purpose of this paper is to explore what kinds of patterns are needed to trigger a certain ki... more The purpose of this paper is to explore what kinds of patterns are needed to trigger a certain kind of focus in attention. This is done by exploring the area of exchange between economic agents and their sense-making of value --do stimulus plateaus exist? If so, how easily is switching between thresholds able to be accomplished? How does this switching influence the ability to navigate complex systems? This research helps entrepreneurs pursue what strategies can be used to influence the exchange patterns in an industry.

Economic development is sought after for many developing countries. A key component of high-growt... more Economic development is sought after for many developing countries. A key component of high-growth economies is innovation. According to the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor, concentrations of opportunity entrepreneurs are correlated to innovation capacity. In our focus on creative clusters, we compared entrepreneurs and musicians and found that they acted in a like fashion. This is by segregating in industries, in the musicians case, genres operating in an Austrian economic fashion until they rise in popularity there by creating Schumpeterian economic cascades. If the goal of economic development is to produce investment back into cultural and human rights institutions, then by investing into cultural industries this is a quicker route to meet the goals of economic development. Creative industries are seen as high-innovation saturated. Traditional development deals with increasing basic factors production using a deductive approach. Development spured through creative industries would generate development though an inductive approach. In this paper we argue that FACTOR 1 and 2 activities will spin-off as a result of necessity of FACTOR 3 activities. Therefore, investment into the development of creative clusters though a backwards engineering approach can increase economic growth faster then traditional development policies.

Macroeconomic competitiveness stems from innovation capabilities within nations. In its recent ed... more Macroeconomic competitiveness stems from innovation capabilities within nations. In its recent edition, the World Economic Forum has begun to address the importance of social constructs in innovation measurements. Some innovation resources are socially constructed. This impacts how knowledge is created, diffused and commercialized. What matters is how individuals perceive these resources and what they do to capitalize on them. By using Stratified Systems Theory as a decision-making framework, the goal is to see how individuals decide to choose participation in activities that have a certain time impact into the future. This is important for adding to existing arguments into the entrepreneurship field specifically firm growth. The study looks at this knowledge flow and further comparations are made to Austrian economic theory. Further, implications for research and policy makers are discussed.

The motivation of this paper is to find how attention patterns change when individuals are placed... more The motivation of this paper is to find how attention patterns change when individuals are placed in different environments. Attention is an orienting activity used to detect signals in the environment. What you see depends on what you are looking for. This has implications for how individuals adapt and learn in the marketplace. The marketplace is composed of different coordination styles corresponding to exchange capabilities of agents. Learning what these are is important for synchronizing exchange patterns. These exchange patterns determine how buyer and seller perceive value. The paper divides attention patterning into three hierarchies: high level based on purposes, assumptions etc., mid-level where formation of rules guides base-level activities where exchange actions take place.

Talks by Marko Hrelja

Organizations use broadcast search to identify new avenues of innovation. Research on innovation ... more Organizations use broadcast search to identify new avenues of innovation. Research on innovation contests provides insights on why excellent ideas are created in a broadcast search. However, there is little research on how excellent ideas are selected. Drawing from the brainstorming literature we find that the selection of excellent ideas needs further investigation. We propose that a hybrid model may lead to selection of better ideas. The hybrid model is a broadcast search approach that exploits the strengths of different actors and procedures in idea generation and the selection phase.

The goal of this paper is to make a contribution into cognitive studies in entrepreneurship by ex... more The goal of this paper is to make a contribution into cognitive studies in entrepreneurship by exploring the work of Francisco Varela and other researchers in the neurophenomenology field. Varelaʼs work provides a framework for understanding how a cognitive self can arise in an organism in the midst of its operational cycles of internal regulation. This contracts with existing research into system theory and knowledge transmission within an organization. A comparison is drawn from the fMRI experiments conducted by Fox and Raichle (2007) into cognitive ratchets. This brings insight into how perceptual awareness of the environment occurs in individuals from a hard measurable standpoint. This brings implications for the effectiveness of training programs for entrepreneurs.

This paper is an examination of the role that individual entrepreneurs play in the creation of st... more This paper is an examination of the role that individual entrepreneurs play in the creation of structure and complexity in newly emerging industries. Bridging between institutional theory, complexity theory, and the strategic management literature, we develop a model that explains how individual entrepreneurs pursuing opportunity in a new industry form a path-dependent basis for the creation of order and initial structure in that industry. We thereby illustrate how the development of industry structure in the early fluid stages is influenced by both economic effects and institutional effects. Our model explains the self-organization of a new industry through five distinct coordination mechanisms in which entrepreneurs behave as autonomous agents within a complex environment. We show how socially networked learning and rent-seeking behaviours of entrepreneurs combine to create an asymmetric transition mechanism that locks-in emergent order and results in overall greater structure and complexity.

The goal of this paper is to make a contribution to existing literature on economics of learning ... more The goal of this paper is to make a contribution to existing literature on economics of learning networks in firm formation. Specifically, making an argument for agent learning optimality as a key driver of network formation. Networks are formed based on maximized utility of agents. Agents exchange information for an price. This exchange is suited on bettering their information utility. This is one of the drivers of how agents selforganize. They assume a comparative advantage exists and they trade information accordingly. However, this paper proposes that agents are blinded by a partially observable market. Agents behave rationally according to their own frame of rationally. They organize themselves according to a possible future utility they can gain by learning. This paper attempts to explore what that time horizon is for what kind of agents. The analysis extends on the level of optimal connection required for learning in these networks based on specific absorptive capacities of network agents. Drawing from mechanisms in complexity theory, the argument describes an order for optimal useful learning to be generated into practice. Networks have to re-organize to set a new decision horizon for multiple agents to gain a perceived better learning utility.

Entrepreneurs create 'Ba' (a shared space for emerging relationships). In creating the 'Ba', the ... more Entrepreneurs create 'Ba' (a shared space for emerging relationships). In creating the 'Ba', the entrepreneur must utilize a higher order of consciousness, anticipating the needs of the lower order (see Wilber 2007). The 'Ba' is then turned into a knowledgebuilding network where self-organization of market resources (tangibles) emerges.

Organizations use broadcast search to identify new avenues of innovation. Research on innovation ... more Organizations use broadcast search to identify new avenues of innovation. Research on innovation contests provides insights on why excellent ideas are created in a broadcast search. However, there is little research on how excellent ideas are selected. Drawing from the brainstorming literature we find that the selection of excellent ideas needs further investigation. We propose that a hybrid model may lead to selection of better ideas. The hybrid model is a broadcast search approach that exploits the strengths of different actors and procedures in idea generation and the selection phase.

The purpose of this paper is to explore what kinds of patterns are needed to trigger a certain ki... more The purpose of this paper is to explore what kinds of patterns are needed to trigger a certain kind of focus in attention. This is done by exploring the area of exchange between economic agents and their sense-making of value --do stimulus plateaus exist? If so, how easily is switching between thresholds able to be accomplished? How does this switching influence the ability to navigate complex systems? This research helps entrepreneurs pursue what strategies can be used to influence the exchange patterns in an industry.

Economic development is sought after for many developing countries. A key component of high-growt... more Economic development is sought after for many developing countries. A key component of high-growth economies is innovation. According to the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor, concentrations of opportunity entrepreneurs are correlated to innovation capacity. In our focus on creative clusters, we compared entrepreneurs and musicians and found that they acted in a like fashion. This is by segregating in industries, in the musicians case, genres operating in an Austrian economic fashion until they rise in popularity there by creating Schumpeterian economic cascades. If the goal of economic development is to produce investment back into cultural and human rights institutions, then by investing into cultural industries this is a quicker route to meet the goals of economic development. Creative industries are seen as high-innovation saturated. Traditional development deals with increasing basic factors production using a deductive approach. Development spured through creative industries would generate development though an inductive approach. In this paper we argue that FACTOR 1 and 2 activities will spin-off as a result of necessity of FACTOR 3 activities. Therefore, investment into the development of creative clusters though a backwards engineering approach can increase economic growth faster then traditional development policies.

Macroeconomic competitiveness stems from innovation capabilities within nations. In its recent ed... more Macroeconomic competitiveness stems from innovation capabilities within nations. In its recent edition, the World Economic Forum has begun to address the importance of social constructs in innovation measurements. Some innovation resources are socially constructed. This impacts how knowledge is created, diffused and commercialized. What matters is how individuals perceive these resources and what they do to capitalize on them. By using Stratified Systems Theory as a decision-making framework, the goal is to see how individuals decide to choose participation in activities that have a certain time impact into the future. This is important for adding to existing arguments into the entrepreneurship field specifically firm growth. The study looks at this knowledge flow and further comparations are made to Austrian economic theory. Further, implications for research and policy makers are discussed.

The motivation of this paper is to find how attention patterns change when individuals are placed... more The motivation of this paper is to find how attention patterns change when individuals are placed in different environments. Attention is an orienting activity used to detect signals in the environment. What you see depends on what you are looking for. This has implications for how individuals adapt and learn in the marketplace. The marketplace is composed of different coordination styles corresponding to exchange capabilities of agents. Learning what these are is important for synchronizing exchange patterns. These exchange patterns determine how buyer and seller perceive value. The paper divides attention patterning into three hierarchies: high level based on purposes, assumptions etc., mid-level where formation of rules guides base-level activities where exchange actions take place.