Markus Anda - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Markus Anda

Jurnal Agromet Indonesia, Jun 1, 1993

IAARD Press eBooks, 2014

Buku ini ditujukan untuk menjembatani berbagai kepentingan sosial, ekonomi dan emisi GRK. Aspek p... more Buku ini ditujukan untuk menjembatani berbagai kepentingan sosial, ekonomi dan emisi GRK. Aspek pembentukan dan sifat gambut, pemetaan dan penaksiran luas lahan gambut, perubahan penggunaan lahan, aspek lingkungan, pengelolaan lahan gambut untuk pertanian, aspek sosial-ekonomi dan kebijakan pemanfaatan lahan gambut dibahas di dalam buku ini.

Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Sep 2, 2020

Extensive areas of Andosols in tropical Indonesia have been subjected to long-term (>100 years) a... more Extensive areas of Andosols in tropical Indonesia have been subjected to long-term (>100 years) alterations from native forest to agricultural land use. This study assessed the mineralogical and surface charge characteristics of Andosols in West Java, Indonesia and assessed their resilience upon conversion from rainforest (PF1) to tea plantation (TP1) and horticultural practices. Soils developed in basaltic-andesite volcanic ash (<15,000 years B.P.) under an isothermic/perudic soil climate and were classified as Silandic Andosols. The colloidal fraction of all soils was dominated by nanocrystalline/paracrystalline materials (e.g., allophone, imogolite, ferrihydrite) and Al/Fe-humic complexes. Crystalline minerals were a minor component of the clay fraction and followed kaolinite > hydroxyl-Al interlayered vermiculite (HIV) ≈ gibbsite. The colloidal fraction appeared relatively resilient to changes in land use, except for the tea plantation in which allophanic material content decreased and Al-humus complexes increased due to strong soil acidification, and decreased ferrihydrite in the horticultural soils, possibly due to liming and increased organic matter. In spite of the abundance of allophanic materials, Fe (hydr)oxides and organic matter appeared to regulate surface charge characteristics of the colloidal fraction. Net soil charge in PF1 and TP1 soils was positive (pH<point of zero net charge; PZNC), while net surface charge in horticultural soils was negative (pH>PZNC). Horse manure and lime amendments to the horticultural soils lowered the PZNC, increased negative charge (CEC) and decreased positive charge (AEC). At ambient soil conditions, CEC increased from <1.2 cmol c kg −1 in PF1 and TP1 soils to 6-20 cmol c kg −1 in soils under horticultural management, while positive charge (AEC) was appreciably higher (0.7-4.3 cmol c kg −1) in PF1 and TP1 soils than in horticultural soils (<0.6 cmol c kg −1). This study demonstrated that the colloidal fraction is relatively resilient to land-use change; however, charge characteristics of the variable-charged colloids can be readily altered by soil management practices.

Science of The Total Environment, Feb 1, 2016

management practices to help restore the agroecosystem after volcanic eruptions include: (i) the ... more management practices to help restore the agroecosystem after volcanic eruptions include: (i) the application of lime to increase soil pH, increase cation exchange capacity and decrease Al and S toxicities, (ii) the selection of crops which are tolerant to low pH and high concentrations of soluble Al and S, (iii) physically disrupting the hard surface crusts that form on some soils (if b 2 cm thick) to allow water infiltration and root penetration, (iv) application of N and K fertilizers, and (v) incorporation of dry ashfall into the soil (if b5 cm thick) to exploit the newly deposited nutrients.

Geoderma, Feb 1, 2009

Construction of a network of canals to reclaim a large area of tidal backswamp for wetland rice d... more Construction of a network of canals to reclaim a large area of tidal backswamp for wetland rice development in Central Kalimantan has raised a serious concern to many parties about its negative impact on soil properties, water quality and sustainable production. The ...

Jurnal Agromet Indonesia, 1990

Soil Research, 2020

Effect of long-term wet and dry (redox) cycles attributed to seasonally flooded soils in rotation... more Effect of long-term wet and dry (redox) cycles attributed to seasonally flooded soils in rotation of rice and upland food crops on soil characteristics is not yet available in modern agriculture. The objective of this study was to assess soil morphological features, mineralogical compositions and dynamic pedogenic processes under rotation of rice and honey-taste sweet potato. Four profiles that experienced redox cycles and one that did not (as a control) were sampled for soil analyses. Results showed that all soil profiles, irrespective of redox cycles, derived from similar parent materials as revealed by the same type of weatherable mineral contents (hornblende, labradorite, hypersthene, and olivine or muscovite), ranging within 27-84%. High proportions of easily weatherable minerals corresponded to the high availability of Ca, Mg, Si, Fe, Mn and Cu nutrients, suggesting the release of nutrient reserves from weatherable minerals. In all soils, the clay fraction contained only the one mineral, halloysite. Long-term redox cycles due to rotation of rice-honey-taste sweet potato resulted in a remarkable pedomorphic feature, i.e. discrete large soft black Mn segregation with the highest accumulation in the middle part of soil profiles. Other pedogenic processes were Ca, Mg, and Si translocation from the upper to lower layers of soil profiles, but Fe was retained in the uppermost two horizons. We proposed a new soil classification 'Manganic Eutrudept' as a subgroup category to accommodate the soil property of high soft Mn segregation.

Geoderma, Nov 1, 2012

ABSTRACT Elemental composition of various fresh parent rocks has received little attention in rel... more ABSTRACT Elemental composition of various fresh parent rocks has received little attention in relation to cation imbalance and potential for high concentrations of heavy metals in soils. The objective of the study was to assess elemental composition of fresh parent rocks and its effect on cation imbalance and natural heavy metal occurrence in soils. Seven fresh rocks consisting of basalt, gabbro, basaltic andesite, volcanic tuff, volcanic ash, mica schist, and serpentinite and their corresponding overlying soil profiles were sampled for various chemical analyses. The elemental composition of finely ground individual fresh rock was determined by X-ray fluorescence (XRF). Exchangeable cations and heavy metals of soils were extracted by NH4OAc and by a mixture of concentrated HNO3 and HClO4, respectively. Results showed that major elements of fresh rocks, referred to as a source of ‘potential exchangeable cations’, were different among the rock types. The order of parent rocks in decreasing potential cations was gabbro > basaltic andesite > basalt > volcanic ash > volcanic tuff > serpentinite > mica schist for Ca, serpentinite ≫ gabbro > basalt > basaltic andesite > mica schist ~ volcanic ash > volcanic tuff for Mg, volcanic tuff > mica schist > volcanic ash > basaltic andesite > basalt > serpentinite > gabbro for K, and volcanic tuff > basaltic andesite > basalt > volcanic ash > gabbro > mica schist > serpentinite for Na. Based on base cation saturation ratio (BCSR) of Ca:Mg:K = 6.5:1:0.5, none of the seven soils overlying different fresh rocks met the “ideal soil” suggesting cation imbalance. The critical cation deficiency status (CCDS) showed all soils (except MA5) were insufficient in K accompanied either by insufficient or high content of either Ca, Mg, or Na. The heavy metals of Pb, Cd, and Hg were not detected in all fresh rocks, while Cr and Ni were present in different amounts. In soils overlying fresh rocks, the order of magnitude of natural Cr agreed well with its order in fresh rocks, while Ni disagreed. This indicated that Cr in soils was mainly dictated by Cr content in parent rocks, while Ni depended on soil forming processes in addition to parent rocks. Cr and Ni have exceeded threshold limits in soils developed from serpentinite and gabbro, respectively, while soils developed from mica schist, volcanic tuff, basaltic andesite and volcanic ash parent rocks were below the threshold limit, viz., Cr and Ni contents were less than 11 ppm each. Implications for the study are the risk of Cr and Ni toxicity that should be taken into account when selecting crops to be grown (e.g. non-food crops) on soils derived from serpentinite and gabbro respectively, to avoid heavy metal risk for human health. The content of heavy metals in soils derived from various rocks in the present study may be used as baseline data if no information is available under tropical conditions.

IOP conference series, May 1, 2022

Peat in coastal areas has different characteristics compared to peat in inland areas because coas... more Peat in coastal areas has different characteristics compared to peat in inland areas because coastal peat usually has high DHL, pyrite, marine sandy substratum, and maturity which is generally classified as hemic to sapric. These variants in soil characteristics drive peculiarity in its management. For this reason, a more detailed information about the characteristics is needed to allow sustainable management and utilization. A total of 78 peat soil samples from 20 peat soil profiles taken over west coast of Sumatra was studied and analyzed for their physical and chemical properties. Field observations were made using a peat auger to determine thickness and maturity, substratum, presence of pyrite, and others. Results showed that peat thickness varied from shallow (50-100 cm), medium (100-200 cm), to very deep (>700 cm); peat situated closer to the coast generally has shallow peat depth. Peat soil in coastal areas contained a mineral soil substrate with a sand content of >70%. It was found that soil had a hemic maturity level and a very acidic to acidic pH value (pH 2.5-5.4). The P2O5 content extracted by 25% HCl varied from low to moderate, while K2O content of 25% HCl extraction was very low. Cations K, Na, and Ca were very low to very high, while Mg spanned from very low to high. Based on its thickness, 25% of peatland were not suitable (Nrc) for general agriculture uses because of >300 cm thickness. Therefore, it is necessary to improve soil fertility and water management in several places.

Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, May 5, 2015

Rice husk application and its long-term effects on charge characteristics and elemental compositi... more Rice husk application and its long-term effects on charge characteristics and elemental composition of a chemically degraded Oxisol have not been rigorously studied. The objective of the study was to determine the ability of composted rice husk (CRH) to preserve organic carbon (C), generate negative charge, and release various ions in heavy clay Oxisol. The topsoil and subsoil, representing natural and erosion conditions, respectively, were incubated with CRH for 24 months. Results showed carbon types of CRH, as revealed by solid-state cross-polarization magic angle spinning 13 C nuclear magnetic resonance (CP/MAS 13 C NMR) spectroscopy, were relatively unchanged from months 5 to 12 after incubation, indicating limited decomposition. Carbon types were dominated by O-alkyl and di-O-alkyl C with small proportions of alkyl, methoxyl, aromatic, phenolic, and carboxyl C. After 24 months of incubation, O-alkyl and di-O-alkyl C decreased, indicating susceptibility, whereas alkyl, methoxyl, aromatic, and phenolic C increased, indicating resistance to decomposition. Values of pH0 and point zero net charge (PZNC) were measured using potentiometric titration and ion adsorption indices, respectively. Values of pH0 and PZNC decreased during CRH incubation for both topsoil and subsoil, suggesting the increase of soil negative charge. Total negative charge for topsoil and subsoil increased from 2.7 to 3.5 cmolc/kg and 2.5 to 3.2 cmolc/kg, respectively. This reflects that CRH was able to mask soil positive charge to increase negative charge. In situ soil solution study indicated CRH could release various elements in the order of potassium (K) > sulfur (S) > natrium (Na) > silicon (Si) > magnesium (Mg) > calcium (Ca). In addition, toxic elements, aluminum (Al) and manganese (Mn), were significantly suppressed. The implication of the study is that CRH offers a means to increase cation exchange capacity and nutrient content of highly weathered soils while preserving organic C, thereby reducing CO2 emission from agriculture.

Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, Dec 1, 2013

Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science, Oct 23, 2012

Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, Mar 1, 2010

Soil & Tillage Research, Jul 1, 2015

Volcanic paddy soils are widespread across Asia and their natural fertility is different, dependi... more Volcanic paddy soils are widespread across Asia and their natural fertility is different, depending on parent material properties associated with nutrient reserves. This implies there is an opportunity to reduce fertilizer application and environmental pollution. The objective of the study was to compare easily weatherable minerals, available Si and nutrient reserves of paddy soils derived from acid, intermediate and basic volcanic materials. Soils deriving from acid, intermediate and basic volcanic materials were sampled from Sumatera, Sulawesi and Java Islands, respectively for mineralogical and chemical analyses. Water was sampled from irrigation canals and pit profiles for analyses of cations and anions. Results showed minerals rapidly releasing their elemental constituents into soil during weathering processes (referred to as easily weatherable minerals) increased from 27 to 94% in the following order of soils derived from basic > intermediate > acid volcanic materials. In soils developing from acid materials, the available K-derived parent materials was more than enough while P was insufficient to meet rice requirement. On the other hand in soils derived from basic materials, the P availability was sufficient while K insufficient for rice crops. Those findings indicate a strategic fertilizer management in rice cultivation by omitting KCl and SP-36 (superphosphate with 36% P 2 O 5) applications to soils developed from acid and basic materials, respectively. For soils developed from intermediate materials, both KCl and SP-36 are needed. The available Si varied widely from 66 to 583 mg kg À1. Using the critical level of 300 mg SiO 2 kg À1 , the paddy soils derived from intermediate and basic materials have sufficient Si, while soils from acid materials have insufficient Si for rice crops. Dissolved Al was only observed in irrigation water and solution of soil profile derived from acid volcanic materials. Findings in this study may be used as a baseline to manage nutrients of paddy soils derived from a specific volcanic material. 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Journal of Earth Science & Climatic Change, Apr 27, 2016