Marta L de Viana - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Marta L de Viana
Revista de biología tropical, 2008
The activity of boron industries is a punctual and diffuse source of air, soil and water pollutio... more The activity of boron industries is a punctual and diffuse source of air, soil and water pollution. Therefore, it is a priority to study possible ways of reducing this impact. A relatively new technology for reducing soil pollution is phytoremediation, which uses plants and associate microorganisms. The first step in phytoremediation is to detect tolerant plant species, which is the objective of this work. A laboratory experiment to assess the germination, survival and growth of different species at different boron concentrations was carried out following a factorial design with two factors: plant species and boron concentration. Boron concentrations were determined at the beginning and the end of the experiment, taking into account substrates with and without vegetation. We found significant differences for treatment, species and the interaction species*treatment. N. glauca, M. sativa and J. mimosifolia were the most tolerant species. The other species had a decrease in the respons...
Las invasiones biológicas constituyen un tópico de gran importancia dentro del cambio global, ya ... more Las invasiones biológicas constituyen un tópico de gran importancia dentro del cambio global, ya que están relacionadas con la pérdida de la biodiversidad, ocasionando a mediano y largo plazo una mayor homogeneidad ambiental (Fuentes & Castilla
Ecologia Austral, Jun 1, 2004
Revista De Biologia Tropical, Sep 1, 2008
Ecologia Austral, Jun 1, 2004
![Research paper thumbnail of Alimentación de la lechuza de la vizcachera Speotyto cunicularia en Salta, Argentina [Diet of the burrowing owl Speotyto cunicularia in Salta, Argentina]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/55649331/thumbnails/1.jpg)
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Revista Cientifica UDO Agricola
Seed desiccation tolerance in two native tree species from the Chaco region of Salta (Argentina):... more Seed desiccation tolerance in two native tree species from the Chaco region of Salta (Argentina): Erithryna falcata Benth. and Tecoma garrocha Hieron RESUMEN La conservación de los recursos fitogenéticos a largo plazo en bancos de germoplasma depende de la longevidad de las semillas, de su calidad, del tratamiento que se les da entre la recolección y el almacenamiento y de las condiciones de almacenamiento. Es necesaria mucha información e investigación básica que es escasa para las especies nativas, especialmente sobre los requerimientos de germinación, los métodos para interrumpir la dormición, la tolerancia a la desecación y la longevidad de las semillas. El objetivo del trabajo fue estudiar la tolerancia a la desecación de dos especies de árboles nativos. El contenido de humedad (CH) se determinó colocando las semillas de cada especie en estufa a 103 ± 2°C y pesando las muestras a intervalos regulares hasta peso constante. Se realizaron ensayos de germinabilidad en distintos CH (semillas frescas, 10-12%, 3-5%, y en semillas mantenidas 3 meses a -18ºC y a 3-5%, de CH). El CH de las semillas frescas de Tecoma garrocha fue de 11,37% y el de Erithryna falcata de 16,07%. Se concluye que las semillas de ambas especies son probablemente ortodoxas ya que la germinabilidad superó el 50% en todos los casos.
Ecologia Austral
... Ada Cazón 1,* , Marta L de Viana 1 & José C Gianello 2. ... de una relación de facili... more ... Ada Cazón 1,* , Marta L de Viana 1 & José C Gianello 2. ... de una relación de facilitación provista por la copa de algunas especies como Larrea divaricata, Aphyllocladus ... Las semillas fueron colocadas en cajas de Petri de 10 cm de diámetro sobre arena esterilizada embebida ...
RESUMEN La conservación ex situ y a largo plazo de las semillas se basa en la respuesta a la dese... more RESUMEN La conservación ex situ y a largo plazo de las semillas se basa en la respuesta a la desecación y a las temperaturas de almacenamiento, lo que constituye el objetivo de este trabajo. El contenido de humedad de las semillas frescas se determinó en estufa a 103°C y pesando las muestras a intervalos regulares hasta peso constante. La tolerancia a la desecación y a las temperaturas de almacenamiento se evaluaron con 5 experimentos de germinación: semillas frescas (10-12%CH); 3-5% CH; y 3-5% CH almacenadas tres meses a 25, 5 y-20ºC, con dos tratamientos: control y escarificación. El CH fue del 11% en ambas especies. En P. nigra, el porcentaje de germinación de las semillas escarificadas fue mayor al 80% en todos los experimentos realizados, mientras que el poder germinativo de las semillas del control disminuyó con la desecación y el almacenamiento. La temperatura de almacenamiento no influyó en la cantidad de semillas germinadas. El porcentaje de germinación de los endocarpos fr...
Revista de biologia tropical
The genus Baccharis has a wide distribution in Northwestern arid regions of Argentina. Studies ca... more The genus Baccharis has a wide distribution in Northwestern arid regions of Argentina. Studies carried out on the spatial distribution of T. pasacana in relation to the available space, show that although beneath B. boliviensis canopy, cacti seeds are abundant, no adult plants are found growing in association to that species in spite of the requirement of a nurse plant for a successfull cacti establishment. Hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate extracts from B. boliviensis folliage inhibited T. pasacana germination completely.The bioassays were carried out in a germination chamber following a random design, with four replicates by treatment. The chloroform extract was the most effective solvent for extracting the phytotoxic material from the aqueous extracts. The ferrulic acid structure was determined by 13C NMR, 1HNMR spectra and TLC on silica gel.
Revista de biología tropical, 2014
Anadenanthera colubrina var. cebil is an important tree species for its cultural, economic, and m... more Anadenanthera colubrina var. cebil is an important tree species for its cultural, economic, and medicinal uses in South America. In order to characterize A. colubrina populations, we collected fruits from four different sites (San Bernardo, El Cebilar, Metán and El Gallinato) within the species distribution area in Salta Province, Northwestern Argentina. For this, a total of 75 fruits and seeds per site were collected and described using morphological (fruits size and weight; seed weight and number per fruit) and genetic descriptors (ribosomic DNA extraction and PCR; nucleotide alignment and phylogenetic analysis) with standard protocols. Our results showed that the San Bernardo population had the heaviest fruits and seeds (7.89 +/- 0.2g and 0.19 +/- 0.002, respectively), and the Cebilar population the lightest (6.25 +/- 0.18g and 0.15 +/- 0.002g, respectively). Fruits and seeds from Metán and El Gallinato showed similar and intermediate values. The proportion viable (39 to 55%) and...
Revista de biología tropical, 2009
Pre-dispersal seed predation in three populations of the tree Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Faba... more Pre-dispersal seed predation in three populations of the tree Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Fabaceae). Predation is an important selective force that has shaped different strategies related to size, quantity and production time of fruits, seeds and seed reserves. The seeds of E. contortisiliqum are predated by the bruchid Merobruchus bicoloripes. We collected 1,300 fruits from 26 trees in San Salvador de Jujuy (Jujuy province), Castañares, and San Lorenzo (Salta province) Argentina. San Lorenzo is the wettest and highest site, while Castañares is the driest and lowest site. Jujuy is in the middle. In the laboratory, the fruits from each site were weighted and divided in three groups (small, medium and big). We counted the mature and predated seeds per fruit. In San Lorenzo, seed predation was higher in medium sized fruits while in Castañares and Jujuy seed predation was higher in both medium and bigger fruits. However, only in San Lorenzo we found a significant difference in prefer...
ABSTRACT Many columnar cacti are bat pollinated. It has been suggested that this kind of pollinat... more ABSTRACT Many columnar cacti are bat pollinated. It has been suggested that this kind of pollination would be more important in tropical than in temperate regions where flowers are open only one night. Thrichocereus pasacana produces big and resistant white flowers. We analyzed flower characteristics, floral cycle, stigmatic receptivity, nectar production, pollen presence and floral visitors in a T. pasacana population at National Park Los Cardones (Salta, Argentina) in November 1997. Flower features were constant between individuals of the population. Flowers start opening at evening and anthesis time is from 18 to 40 hs. The estigma was receptive throughout the floral cycle. Anther dehiscence occurs with flower opening. Nectar production was highest between 18 to 24 hs. Although T. pasacana are open during the night, floral visitors are diurnal. The most frequent was Xylocopa sp. In the study area, nectarivorous bats were not detected. The morphological features of T. pasacana flowers were similar but bigger compared to other columnar cacti. Anthesis time was also longer while nectar production was lower. T. pasacana pollination at National Park Los Cardones is done by bees.
Revista de Biología Tropical, 2007
Revista de Biología Tropical, 2013
Desiccation tolerance in seeds of Prosopis ferox and Pterogyne nitens (Fabaceae). The high number... more Desiccation tolerance in seeds of Prosopis ferox and Pterogyne nitens (Fabaceae). The high number of endemisms and species diversity together with the accelerated biodiversity loss by deforestation, especially in North Western Argentina, points out the need to work on species conservation combining ex situ and in situ strategies. The aim of this work was to study the desiccation tolerance in seeds of P. ferox and P. nitens for long term ex situ conservation at the Germplasm Bank of Native Species (BGEN) of the National University of Salta (Argentina). The fruits were collected from ten individuals in P. ferox at the National Park Los Cardones and from two sites (Orán and Rivadavia) for P. nitens. Desiccation tolerance was assessed following previous established methodologies. The moisture content (MC) of the seeds was determined by keeping them in oven at 103°C and weighting the samples at different intervals till constant weight. Germination essays were carried out with two treatments (control and scarification), with different seed MC (fresh, 10-12%, 3-5%) and in desiccated seeds (3-5% MC) stored six months at -20ºC. The MC in P. ferox seeds was 14.2% and 10% in P. nitens, for both populations studied. Percentage germination in P. ferox was higher in the scarification treatments (<82%). The difference between treatments increased with the reduction in MC and the storage for six months at -20°C. Fresh seeds of P. nitens do not need scarification treatment, but it is required with the reduction in MC and storage. Mean germination percentage of desiccated seeds stored six months at -20°C was similar in both populations and greater than 82%.We concluded that both species are probably orthodox because seeds tolerated desiccation to 3-5% and storage for six months at -20°C. Rev. Biol. Trop. 61 (1): 335-342. Epub 2013 March 01.
Revista de Biología Tropical, 2014
Revista de Biología Tropical, 2008
Journal of Arid Environments, 2001
Prosopis ferox is a tree that grows at the National Park Los Cardones. After abscission, its pods... more Prosopis ferox is a tree that grows at the National Park Los Cardones. After abscission, its pods lie under the tree canopy and are removed by small mammals, donkeys and goats. The objectives of this study were to analyse whether P. ferox seeds are released from pods by pericarp decomposition and to assess the extent of seed loss by bruchid predation. Seven-hundred and twelve fruits from 15 trees were marked and released on the ground. After 1 and 2 years the marked fruits were counted. In the sixth year the remaining marked fruits were collected and their seeds were classified into intact or predated. None of the pods showed signs of decomposition after 6 years and 99% of their seeds had been predated. The incorporation of seeds to the bank through pericarp decomposition is unlikely because of the hardness of the fruits and bruchid predation.
Revista de biología tropical, 2008
The activity of boron industries is a punctual and diffuse source of air, soil and water pollutio... more The activity of boron industries is a punctual and diffuse source of air, soil and water pollution. Therefore, it is a priority to study possible ways of reducing this impact. A relatively new technology for reducing soil pollution is phytoremediation, which uses plants and associate microorganisms. The first step in phytoremediation is to detect tolerant plant species, which is the objective of this work. A laboratory experiment to assess the germination, survival and growth of different species at different boron concentrations was carried out following a factorial design with two factors: plant species and boron concentration. Boron concentrations were determined at the beginning and the end of the experiment, taking into account substrates with and without vegetation. We found significant differences for treatment, species and the interaction species*treatment. N. glauca, M. sativa and J. mimosifolia were the most tolerant species. The other species had a decrease in the respons...
Las invasiones biológicas constituyen un tópico de gran importancia dentro del cambio global, ya ... more Las invasiones biológicas constituyen un tópico de gran importancia dentro del cambio global, ya que están relacionadas con la pérdida de la biodiversidad, ocasionando a mediano y largo plazo una mayor homogeneidad ambiental (Fuentes & Castilla
Ecologia Austral, Jun 1, 2004
Revista De Biologia Tropical, Sep 1, 2008
Ecologia Austral, Jun 1, 2004
Revista Cientifica UDO Agricola
Seed desiccation tolerance in two native tree species from the Chaco region of Salta (Argentina):... more Seed desiccation tolerance in two native tree species from the Chaco region of Salta (Argentina): Erithryna falcata Benth. and Tecoma garrocha Hieron RESUMEN La conservación de los recursos fitogenéticos a largo plazo en bancos de germoplasma depende de la longevidad de las semillas, de su calidad, del tratamiento que se les da entre la recolección y el almacenamiento y de las condiciones de almacenamiento. Es necesaria mucha información e investigación básica que es escasa para las especies nativas, especialmente sobre los requerimientos de germinación, los métodos para interrumpir la dormición, la tolerancia a la desecación y la longevidad de las semillas. El objetivo del trabajo fue estudiar la tolerancia a la desecación de dos especies de árboles nativos. El contenido de humedad (CH) se determinó colocando las semillas de cada especie en estufa a 103 ± 2°C y pesando las muestras a intervalos regulares hasta peso constante. Se realizaron ensayos de germinabilidad en distintos CH (semillas frescas, 10-12%, 3-5%, y en semillas mantenidas 3 meses a -18ºC y a 3-5%, de CH). El CH de las semillas frescas de Tecoma garrocha fue de 11,37% y el de Erithryna falcata de 16,07%. Se concluye que las semillas de ambas especies son probablemente ortodoxas ya que la germinabilidad superó el 50% en todos los casos.
Ecologia Austral
... Ada Cazón 1,* , Marta L de Viana 1 & José C Gianello 2. ... de una relación de facili... more ... Ada Cazón 1,* , Marta L de Viana 1 & José C Gianello 2. ... de una relación de facilitación provista por la copa de algunas especies como Larrea divaricata, Aphyllocladus ... Las semillas fueron colocadas en cajas de Petri de 10 cm de diámetro sobre arena esterilizada embebida ...
RESUMEN La conservación ex situ y a largo plazo de las semillas se basa en la respuesta a la dese... more RESUMEN La conservación ex situ y a largo plazo de las semillas se basa en la respuesta a la desecación y a las temperaturas de almacenamiento, lo que constituye el objetivo de este trabajo. El contenido de humedad de las semillas frescas se determinó en estufa a 103°C y pesando las muestras a intervalos regulares hasta peso constante. La tolerancia a la desecación y a las temperaturas de almacenamiento se evaluaron con 5 experimentos de germinación: semillas frescas (10-12%CH); 3-5% CH; y 3-5% CH almacenadas tres meses a 25, 5 y-20ºC, con dos tratamientos: control y escarificación. El CH fue del 11% en ambas especies. En P. nigra, el porcentaje de germinación de las semillas escarificadas fue mayor al 80% en todos los experimentos realizados, mientras que el poder germinativo de las semillas del control disminuyó con la desecación y el almacenamiento. La temperatura de almacenamiento no influyó en la cantidad de semillas germinadas. El porcentaje de germinación de los endocarpos fr...
Revista de biologia tropical
The genus Baccharis has a wide distribution in Northwestern arid regions of Argentina. Studies ca... more The genus Baccharis has a wide distribution in Northwestern arid regions of Argentina. Studies carried out on the spatial distribution of T. pasacana in relation to the available space, show that although beneath B. boliviensis canopy, cacti seeds are abundant, no adult plants are found growing in association to that species in spite of the requirement of a nurse plant for a successfull cacti establishment. Hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate extracts from B. boliviensis folliage inhibited T. pasacana germination completely.The bioassays were carried out in a germination chamber following a random design, with four replicates by treatment. The chloroform extract was the most effective solvent for extracting the phytotoxic material from the aqueous extracts. The ferrulic acid structure was determined by 13C NMR, 1HNMR spectra and TLC on silica gel.
Revista de biología tropical, 2014
Anadenanthera colubrina var. cebil is an important tree species for its cultural, economic, and m... more Anadenanthera colubrina var. cebil is an important tree species for its cultural, economic, and medicinal uses in South America. In order to characterize A. colubrina populations, we collected fruits from four different sites (San Bernardo, El Cebilar, Metán and El Gallinato) within the species distribution area in Salta Province, Northwestern Argentina. For this, a total of 75 fruits and seeds per site were collected and described using morphological (fruits size and weight; seed weight and number per fruit) and genetic descriptors (ribosomic DNA extraction and PCR; nucleotide alignment and phylogenetic analysis) with standard protocols. Our results showed that the San Bernardo population had the heaviest fruits and seeds (7.89 +/- 0.2g and 0.19 +/- 0.002, respectively), and the Cebilar population the lightest (6.25 +/- 0.18g and 0.15 +/- 0.002g, respectively). Fruits and seeds from Metán and El Gallinato showed similar and intermediate values. The proportion viable (39 to 55%) and...
Revista de biología tropical, 2009
Pre-dispersal seed predation in three populations of the tree Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Faba... more Pre-dispersal seed predation in three populations of the tree Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Fabaceae). Predation is an important selective force that has shaped different strategies related to size, quantity and production time of fruits, seeds and seed reserves. The seeds of E. contortisiliqum are predated by the bruchid Merobruchus bicoloripes. We collected 1,300 fruits from 26 trees in San Salvador de Jujuy (Jujuy province), Castañares, and San Lorenzo (Salta province) Argentina. San Lorenzo is the wettest and highest site, while Castañares is the driest and lowest site. Jujuy is in the middle. In the laboratory, the fruits from each site were weighted and divided in three groups (small, medium and big). We counted the mature and predated seeds per fruit. In San Lorenzo, seed predation was higher in medium sized fruits while in Castañares and Jujuy seed predation was higher in both medium and bigger fruits. However, only in San Lorenzo we found a significant difference in prefer...
ABSTRACT Many columnar cacti are bat pollinated. It has been suggested that this kind of pollinat... more ABSTRACT Many columnar cacti are bat pollinated. It has been suggested that this kind of pollination would be more important in tropical than in temperate regions where flowers are open only one night. Thrichocereus pasacana produces big and resistant white flowers. We analyzed flower characteristics, floral cycle, stigmatic receptivity, nectar production, pollen presence and floral visitors in a T. pasacana population at National Park Los Cardones (Salta, Argentina) in November 1997. Flower features were constant between individuals of the population. Flowers start opening at evening and anthesis time is from 18 to 40 hs. The estigma was receptive throughout the floral cycle. Anther dehiscence occurs with flower opening. Nectar production was highest between 18 to 24 hs. Although T. pasacana are open during the night, floral visitors are diurnal. The most frequent was Xylocopa sp. In the study area, nectarivorous bats were not detected. The morphological features of T. pasacana flowers were similar but bigger compared to other columnar cacti. Anthesis time was also longer while nectar production was lower. T. pasacana pollination at National Park Los Cardones is done by bees.
Revista de Biología Tropical, 2007
Revista de Biología Tropical, 2013
Desiccation tolerance in seeds of Prosopis ferox and Pterogyne nitens (Fabaceae). The high number... more Desiccation tolerance in seeds of Prosopis ferox and Pterogyne nitens (Fabaceae). The high number of endemisms and species diversity together with the accelerated biodiversity loss by deforestation, especially in North Western Argentina, points out the need to work on species conservation combining ex situ and in situ strategies. The aim of this work was to study the desiccation tolerance in seeds of P. ferox and P. nitens for long term ex situ conservation at the Germplasm Bank of Native Species (BGEN) of the National University of Salta (Argentina). The fruits were collected from ten individuals in P. ferox at the National Park Los Cardones and from two sites (Orán and Rivadavia) for P. nitens. Desiccation tolerance was assessed following previous established methodologies. The moisture content (MC) of the seeds was determined by keeping them in oven at 103°C and weighting the samples at different intervals till constant weight. Germination essays were carried out with two treatments (control and scarification), with different seed MC (fresh, 10-12%, 3-5%) and in desiccated seeds (3-5% MC) stored six months at -20ºC. The MC in P. ferox seeds was 14.2% and 10% in P. nitens, for both populations studied. Percentage germination in P. ferox was higher in the scarification treatments (<82%). The difference between treatments increased with the reduction in MC and the storage for six months at -20°C. Fresh seeds of P. nitens do not need scarification treatment, but it is required with the reduction in MC and storage. Mean germination percentage of desiccated seeds stored six months at -20°C was similar in both populations and greater than 82%.We concluded that both species are probably orthodox because seeds tolerated desiccation to 3-5% and storage for six months at -20°C. Rev. Biol. Trop. 61 (1): 335-342. Epub 2013 March 01.
Revista de Biología Tropical, 2014
Revista de Biología Tropical, 2008
Journal of Arid Environments, 2001
Prosopis ferox is a tree that grows at the National Park Los Cardones. After abscission, its pods... more Prosopis ferox is a tree that grows at the National Park Los Cardones. After abscission, its pods lie under the tree canopy and are removed by small mammals, donkeys and goats. The objectives of this study were to analyse whether P. ferox seeds are released from pods by pericarp decomposition and to assess the extent of seed loss by bruchid predation. Seven-hundred and twelve fruits from 15 trees were marked and released on the ground. After 1 and 2 years the marked fruits were counted. In the sixth year the remaining marked fruits were collected and their seeds were classified into intact or predated. None of the pods showed signs of decomposition after 6 years and 99% of their seeds had been predated. The incorporation of seeds to the bank through pericarp decomposition is unlikely because of the hardness of the fruits and bruchid predation.