Martin Lukavec - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Martin Lukavec
International Journal of Economic Sciences, May 16, 2024
The main contribution of the paper is the development of a new way of assessing the efficiency of... more The main contribution of the paper is the development of a new way of assessing the efficiency of public administration using statistical methods-multivariate regression (identification of exogenous factors) and residual analysis (identification of regression residuals). The methodology presented is intuitive, practical and, if appropriately set up, globally applicable for the evaluation of a wide range of processes taking place in the public sector on the principle of "action and reaction". Putting the methodology into practice can go some way to satisfying the "taxpayer hunger" for information about whether the money they pay in taxes is being used wisely. It makes it possible to assess efficiency in a particular institution or to compare similar processes in several institutions over a given period of time. The methodology has been developed on the basis of audit findings (prepared by the supreme audit institution for the public sector in a democratic state) and their implications. The developed methodology brings a new perspective to the traditional claim that public sector effectiveness is virtually impossible to measure and that factors for objective evaluation of public sector managers cannot be easily established.
International Journal of Social Sciences, Dec 31, 2024
This paper highlights an important and neglected democracy limitation: voters make decisions base... more This paper highlights an important and neglected democracy limitation: voters make decisions based on incomplete information. This leads to inefficient or irrational decisions and applies to elections at all levels of the political system in the Western world. This paper shows that voting with incomplete information leads to the election of incompetent politicians. Testing of the Prague representatives has shown their lack of knowledge to perform their duties. The regression analysis performed does not show a statistically significant relationship between the representatives knowledge and their education or political experience. A possible solution is a sophisticated training system for elected candidates.
Economics and Environment, Jun 28, 2024
This dissertation offers a comprehensive examination of inequality in metropolitan areas, shown i... more This dissertation offers a comprehensive examination of inequality in metropolitan areas, shown in case studies from Europe and the United States. It investigates the urban/rural divide in European Union regions, finding that the level of disposable income is positively influenced by the degree of urbanization. It also finds a positive impact of urbanization on life expectancy. This highlights the divide between urban and rural regions with respect to both the standard of living and average life span.In an analysis of income distribution in the 20 largest metropolitan areas in the United States for the years 2012 and 2017, I found that inequality can result from various aspects of the income distribution and its shape. I also found a number of interesting interlinkages, including, for example, that skewness is likely to move in unison with the coefficient of variation. I also found that mean income negatively influences both skewness and the coefficient of variation. Wealthier metro...
This paper sets out to explore the strength of the relationship between the proximity of a proper... more This paper sets out to explore the strength of the relationship between the proximity of a property to the city center and its price. Buyers are willing to pay extra for apartments or houses closer to the city center, but the extent of this willingness remains largely unexplored. Our research question is: How much does a minute of commuting time influence the price of an apartment in Prague? In other words, with every minute of commuting time, how much more is paid for a house or an apartment closer to the central business district (CBD)? Our analysis has found that on average, every minute of commuting time closer to the city center corresponds to an additional cost of CZK 43,390.45 for an average sized apartment in Prague. A regression analysis is graphically plotted in the Chart 1. We have also found that this relationship changes according to distance from the city center. For a commuting time of 1-20 minutes to the city center, the price increase is the highest: CZK 259,466.18 ...
Zoning matters. The influence of zoning on working and shaping of cities is more than clear. The ... more Zoning matters. The influence of zoning on working and shaping of cities is more than clear. The amount of land which is available for housing, as well as the ease with which the planning permits are granted, influences the property prices. That is why zoning needs to be done well, and to a reasonable extent. Yet, this paper finds evidence that the economic impacts of urban planning are not sufficiently considered in the majority of national urban policies. To take into account the size of the impact, we should consider that the average European household spends 20% of their budget on housing (OTB Research Institute 2010), with households in France spending 25.2% in 2008, and households in Cyprus 12.8%. The public policy is, as with any other democratically-managed area, slow in refining the right approach. This paper is a demonstration of the relationship between higher property prices and the restriction of housing supplies. To find evidence for a causal relationship between prope...
Transylvanian Review of Administrative Sciences
The article deals with the theoretical background and concepts providing the basis for the use of... more The article deals with the theoretical background and concepts providing the basis for the use of forms of fi nancing and acquisition of public goods and services through partnerships between the public and the private sectors (public-private partnership-PPP). The aim of this article is to introduce a new original methodology using a selection of qualitative and quantitative methods for evaluating investments and to form a complex output that will clearly and distinctly testify about the appropriateness of using the PPP method. For this purpose, processes which are normally used for business valuation-generators of values, property valuation, yield valuation, valuation based on market analysis, are combined and incorporated/recast in the current assessment methodology, which is based on the Public Sector Comparator and determinants of value for money (VFM), are being used. Although this new methodology was developed in response to the problematic situation regarding PPP projects' evaluation particularly in the Czech Republic, it can also be applied in other countries.
European Planning Studies
International Journal of Economic Sciences, May 16, 2024
The main contribution of the paper is the development of a new way of assessing the efficiency of... more The main contribution of the paper is the development of a new way of assessing the efficiency of public administration using statistical methods-multivariate regression (identification of exogenous factors) and residual analysis (identification of regression residuals). The methodology presented is intuitive, practical and, if appropriately set up, globally applicable for the evaluation of a wide range of processes taking place in the public sector on the principle of "action and reaction". Putting the methodology into practice can go some way to satisfying the "taxpayer hunger" for information about whether the money they pay in taxes is being used wisely. It makes it possible to assess efficiency in a particular institution or to compare similar processes in several institutions over a given period of time. The methodology has been developed on the basis of audit findings (prepared by the supreme audit institution for the public sector in a democratic state) and their implications. The developed methodology brings a new perspective to the traditional claim that public sector effectiveness is virtually impossible to measure and that factors for objective evaluation of public sector managers cannot be easily established.
International Journal of Social Sciences, Dec 31, 2024
This paper highlights an important and neglected democracy limitation: voters make decisions base... more This paper highlights an important and neglected democracy limitation: voters make decisions based on incomplete information. This leads to inefficient or irrational decisions and applies to elections at all levels of the political system in the Western world. This paper shows that voting with incomplete information leads to the election of incompetent politicians. Testing of the Prague representatives has shown their lack of knowledge to perform their duties. The regression analysis performed does not show a statistically significant relationship between the representatives knowledge and their education or political experience. A possible solution is a sophisticated training system for elected candidates.
Economics and Environment, Jun 28, 2024
This dissertation offers a comprehensive examination of inequality in metropolitan areas, shown i... more This dissertation offers a comprehensive examination of inequality in metropolitan areas, shown in case studies from Europe and the United States. It investigates the urban/rural divide in European Union regions, finding that the level of disposable income is positively influenced by the degree of urbanization. It also finds a positive impact of urbanization on life expectancy. This highlights the divide between urban and rural regions with respect to both the standard of living and average life span.In an analysis of income distribution in the 20 largest metropolitan areas in the United States for the years 2012 and 2017, I found that inequality can result from various aspects of the income distribution and its shape. I also found a number of interesting interlinkages, including, for example, that skewness is likely to move in unison with the coefficient of variation. I also found that mean income negatively influences both skewness and the coefficient of variation. Wealthier metro...
This paper sets out to explore the strength of the relationship between the proximity of a proper... more This paper sets out to explore the strength of the relationship between the proximity of a property to the city center and its price. Buyers are willing to pay extra for apartments or houses closer to the city center, but the extent of this willingness remains largely unexplored. Our research question is: How much does a minute of commuting time influence the price of an apartment in Prague? In other words, with every minute of commuting time, how much more is paid for a house or an apartment closer to the central business district (CBD)? Our analysis has found that on average, every minute of commuting time closer to the city center corresponds to an additional cost of CZK 43,390.45 for an average sized apartment in Prague. A regression analysis is graphically plotted in the Chart 1. We have also found that this relationship changes according to distance from the city center. For a commuting time of 1-20 minutes to the city center, the price increase is the highest: CZK 259,466.18 ...
Zoning matters. The influence of zoning on working and shaping of cities is more than clear. The ... more Zoning matters. The influence of zoning on working and shaping of cities is more than clear. The amount of land which is available for housing, as well as the ease with which the planning permits are granted, influences the property prices. That is why zoning needs to be done well, and to a reasonable extent. Yet, this paper finds evidence that the economic impacts of urban planning are not sufficiently considered in the majority of national urban policies. To take into account the size of the impact, we should consider that the average European household spends 20% of their budget on housing (OTB Research Institute 2010), with households in France spending 25.2% in 2008, and households in Cyprus 12.8%. The public policy is, as with any other democratically-managed area, slow in refining the right approach. This paper is a demonstration of the relationship between higher property prices and the restriction of housing supplies. To find evidence for a causal relationship between prope...
Transylvanian Review of Administrative Sciences
The article deals with the theoretical background and concepts providing the basis for the use of... more The article deals with the theoretical background and concepts providing the basis for the use of forms of fi nancing and acquisition of public goods and services through partnerships between the public and the private sectors (public-private partnership-PPP). The aim of this article is to introduce a new original methodology using a selection of qualitative and quantitative methods for evaluating investments and to form a complex output that will clearly and distinctly testify about the appropriateness of using the PPP method. For this purpose, processes which are normally used for business valuation-generators of values, property valuation, yield valuation, valuation based on market analysis, are combined and incorporated/recast in the current assessment methodology, which is based on the Public Sector Comparator and determinants of value for money (VFM), are being used. Although this new methodology was developed in response to the problematic situation regarding PPP projects' evaluation particularly in the Czech Republic, it can also be applied in other countries.
European Planning Studies