Martin Oczipka - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Martin Oczipka

The 86th Annual Meeting of the Society for American Archaeology, 2021

Praehistorische Zeitschrift, 2014

Zusammenfassung: Zur Nutzungsanalyse großer ovaler, erstmalig entdeckter und dokumentierter von e... more Zusammenfassung: Zur Nutzungsanalyse großer ovaler, erstmalig entdeckter und dokumentierter von einem niedrigen Graben-Wall-System umgebener Anlagen wurden Bodenproben auf spezifische Lipide untersucht, die Hinweise auf die Anwesenheit – hinterlassene Verdauungsreste – bestimmter Nutztierarten und Menschen in den beprobten Bereichen geben könnten. Wahrscheinlich dienten die Anlagen dem Gartenbau, sicherlich nicht der Viehhaltung; in den angrenzenden Dachziegel und Keramikscherben aufweisenden viereckigen, deutlich kleineren umwallten Anlagen siedelten Menschen. Solche ovalen Anlagen sind in der Mongolei bisher nur aus dem Umfeld der uighurischen Hauptstadt Karabalgasun bekannt geworden, deren Stadtgebiet eine deutlich größere Fläche einnimmt als bisher angenommen wurde und vielteiliger sowie funktional gegliedert ist. Dieses erste stichpunktartige Ergebnis zeigt das Potential der Lipidanalysen, frühere Landnutzung zu rekonstruieren, beispielsweise Viehhaltung von acker- oder gartenb...

Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 2009

Extreme natural events, like e.g. tsunamis or earthquakes, regularly lead to catastrophes with dr... more Extreme natural events, like e.g. tsunamis or earthquakes, regularly lead to catastrophes with dramatic consequences. In recent years natural disasters caused hundreds of thousands of deaths, destruction of infrastructure, disruption of economic activity and loss of billions of dollars worth of property and thus revealed considerable deficits hindering their effective management: Needs for stakeholders, decision-makers as well as for persons concerned include systematic risk identification and evaluation, a way to assess countermeasures, awareness raising and decision support systems to be employed before, during and after crisis situations. The overall goal of this study focuses on interdisciplinary integration of various scientific disciplines to contribute to a tsunami early warning information system. In comparison to most studies our focus is on high-end geometric and thematic analysis to meet the requirements of smallscale, heterogeneous and complex coastal urban systems. Data, methods and results from engineering, remote sensing and social sciences are interlinked and provide comprehensive information for disaster risk assessment, management and reduction. In detail, we combine inundation modeling, urban morphology analysis, population assessment, socio

Remote Sensing Technologies and Applications in Urban Environments III, 2018

Urban green is indispensable from an urban ecological and social point of view and fulfils import... more Urban green is indispensable from an urban ecological and social point of view and fulfils important functions such as dust binding, temperature reduction, wind damping or groundwater recharge. Especially for bioclimatic modeling, knowledge of size, structure and green volume of the urban vegetation is essential. Manual mapping of vegetation structures is timeconsuming and cost-intensive and can only ever be carried out in locally limited study areas. Active and passive remote sensing technologies in combination with automated methods for information extraction offer the opportunity to record the green structure in urban areas differentiated according to vegetation types. The new globally and freely available data provided by the European Copernicus Program raises the question whether these data are suitable for mapping and quantifying the urban green structure, including an accuracy estimation. Previous studies on the usability of Sentinel-2 data for vegetation analysis were essentially limited to crop and tree species classification in open space. The approach presented here thus considers for the first time the application of this data in a purely urban environment. Here we present a modeling approach based on multiple regression models. A Sentinel-2A scene from July 4, 2015 covering the greater Dresden area served as the input data set. After atmospheric correction of the satellite image scene 10 spectral channels were available. A high-resolution vegetation cover model with a grid width of 50 cm was available as a reference data set for the entire study area (City of Dresden, Germany). This takes into account the vegetation classes deciduous trees, conifers, shrubs, low (grassy) vegetation and arable land. Thus the area share of these vegetation types could be determined aggregated for each pixel of the satellite image scene. In addition, vegetation indices (NDVI and others) were calculated using suitable channels. For the prediction of each vegetation class, estimation equations were drawn up and evaluated with regard to their quality. Especially for deciduous and coniferous trees, satisfactory model quality values could be obtained, so that the green component prediction in these cases represents a useful basis for the determination of the green structure at the building block level in urban areas.

Studia Archaeologica Instituti Archaeologici Academiae Scientiarium Mongolicae, Edition: Tomus XXX, Fasciulus 5, 2011..

SUMMARY The international project " Geo-Archaeology in the Steppe – Reconstruction of Cultural La... more SUMMARY The international project " Geo-Archaeology in the Steppe – Reconstruction of Cultural Landscapes in the Orkhon valley, Central Mongolia " was set up in July 2008. It is headed by the Department of Pre-and Protohistoric Archaeology of Bonn University. The project aims at the study of prehistoric and historic settlement patterns, human impact on the environment and the relation between towns and their hinterland in the Orkhon valley, Central Mongolia. The multidisciplinary project is mainly sponsored for three years by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) and bridges archaeology, natural sciences and engineering (sponsorship code 01UA0801C). Archaeologists of the Mongolian Academy of Sciences and of the Bonn University, geographers of Free University Berlin, geophysics of the Institute for Photonic Technology Jena and the RWTH Aachen University, and geographers and engineers of the German Aerospace Centre Berlin collaborate in the development of new technologies and their application in archaeology 1. On the basis of Russian aerial photographs from the 1970s, an initial evaluation regarding potential archaeological sites was made. Due to the poor geometric and radiometric resolution of these photographs, identification of archaeological sites in many cases remained preliminary, and detailed information on layout and size could not be gained. The aim of the flight campaign in September 2008 was therefore the confirmation of these sites as well as their high resolution survey. A 10 megapixel range finder camera was used for the recording of high resolution aerial photography. This image data is suited for accurate determination and mapping of selected monuments. The airborne camera was adapted and mounted on an electrically operated eight propeller small drone. Apart from high resolution geo-referenced overview pictures, impressive panoramic images and very high resolution overlapping image data was recorded for photogrammetric stereoscopic processing. Due to the overlap of 85% along and across the track each point in the image data is recorded in at least four pictures. Although a smaller overlap might be sufficient for generating digital surface models (DSM), this redundancy increases the reliability of the DSM generation. Within this photogrammetric processing digital surface models and true ortho photo mosaics with a resolution up to 2,5 cm/pixel in X, Y, Z are derived.

Water Resources Research, 2015

Over the last couple of years more and more analogue airborne cameras were replaced by digital ca... more Over the last couple of years more and more analogue airborne cameras were replaced by digital cameras. Digitally recorded image data show significant advantages to film based data. Digital aerial photographs exhibit a much better radiometric resolution. Image information can be acquired in shaded areas too. This information is essential for a stable and continuous classification, because no data or

Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering

Journal of Geophysics and Engineering, 2012

The Orkhon Valley in the Central Mongolia was included in the World Heritage list in 2004. It hos... more The Orkhon Valley in the Central Mongolia was included in the World Heritage list in 2004. It hosts multiple archaeological sites from Palaeolithic to recent times, which can contribute to the reconstruction of settlement history in this part of the Eurasian Steppe landscape. Almost 100 archaeological sites from prehistoric and historic times including ramparts and khirigsuurs were investigated in five field campaigns from 2008 to 2010 in the middle and upper Orkhon Valley. One site, MOR-2 (Dörvölzhin), proved especially difficult to date due to the lack of sufficient archaeological surface finds, and its role within a manifold of walled enclosures from different times in the study area remained unclear. Therefore, different techniques of archaeology, geophysics and geoarchaeology were combined at MOR-2 in order to determine a comprehensive picture about its timing, archaeological meaning, and environmental history. Information on topographical setting and morphometry of the rampart was gathered by an octocopter equipped with a high-resolution range finder camera. We achieved a high-resolution DEM that allowed us to map the rampart in detail and this served as a base map for all other investigations. SQUID magnetometry, ground-penetrating radar, and electric resistivity measurements (capacitive coupled geoelectrics) were subsequently used to detect archaeological remains and to characterize the sediment distribution of the inner part of the enclosure and the ramparts themselves. The data show that the construction of the walls is similar to well-known Uighur neighbouring sites. Man-made sub-surface structures or bigger S70 Improving archaeological site analysis finds could not be detected. Sediment cores were drilled in a nearby meander, covering 3000 years BP. The analysis of the strata in terms of elemental composition (P, N, Mn, Fe, etc) revealed an increase of organic content in Medieval times, whereas the allochthonous filling of the back water must have started around the beginning of the 6th century AD. Using geophysical, archaeological and geological observations, we assume a dating in the Turk/Uighur period (6th-9th century AD) and a re-use under Mongolian reign (12th-17th century AD). This would mean that this site is the furthermost walled structure in the peri-urban area of Khar Balgas. However, the specific usage of this walled enclosure remains unclear and needs further analysis.

Publikationsansicht. 38832577. LAST-MILE - LARGE-SCALE TOPOGRAPHIC MAPPING OF DENSELY POPULATED C... more Publikationsansicht. 38832577. LAST-MILE - LARGE-SCALE TOPOGRAPHIC MAPPING OF DENSELY POPULATED COASTS IN SUPPORT OF RISK ASSESSMENT OF TSUNAMI HAZARDS (2008). ...