Martin Palous - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Martin Palous
Elsevier eBooks, 2008
Totalitarianism and authoritarianism are relatively new political terms that have appeared only i... more Totalitarianism and authoritarianism are relatively new political terms that have appeared only in the twentieth century. They denote contemporary autocratic political regimes; that is, the form of government where the ruler is endowed with, and exerts, absolute power. Such political regimes, however, have existed from the very beginning of human history. Therefore, the first question we may like to have answered touches upon these terms themselves. How are they related to other, older concepts that were used previously and actually are still being used as a name for autocracies, such as tyranny, dictatorship, despotism, or absolutism? The answer can be obtained when we look at the history of political discourse in the twentieth century. Before we do that, however, let us try to clarify the generic problem underlying our theme: what are autocratic and nonautocratic forms of government?
Springer eBooks, Sep 10, 2010
In the last weeks of his life, Jan Patočka published a few short texts on Charter 77 which can be... more In the last weeks of his life, Jan Patočka published a few short texts on Charter 77 which can be read as a kind of political testament. The audience was not just the usual academe, but the entire body of his fellow citizens, and he addressed them in his characteristic manner: as a truly Socratic philosopher. Having reread Patočka’s arguments
Časopis pro právní vědu a praxi, Apr 29, 2007
Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks, 1991
Independent citizens’ initiatives, independent culture, independent church structures, and so on,... more Independent citizens’ initiatives, independent culture, independent church structures, and so on, represent a radically new phenomenon which in the past twelve years has become a part of the Czechoslovak reality that cannot be overlooked. Even if much of what we would include in this category — a wide range of cultural activity, for instance — has a pre-history of its own, it is undeniable that the declaration of Charter 77 in January 1977 was the decisive impulse towards independent activity of all kinds. In Czechoslovak society — which at that time had been controlled by a Communist regime for almost thirty years and had been paralysed since the late 1960s by the ‘normalisation process’ — the emergence of the Charter was extremely important: it meant the restoration of a certain public space that was independent of the ruling power and unmanipulated by it. A ‘parallel polis’ was constituted within a society that had been formed by totalitarianism.
Perspectives on Political Science, Aug 25, 2017
ABSTRACT This critical review of Newell's Tyrants consists of two parts. The first one depart... more ABSTRACT This critical review of Newell's Tyrants consists of two parts. The first one departs from questions Jan Patočka, the most important Czech philosopher of the 20th century, raised in the 1970s in the context of his critical reading of a book by Geoffrey Barraclough, An Introduction to Contemporary History. Patočka's criticism of Barraclough, suggested here as a starting point for a dialogue with Newell, departed from Husserl's Crisis of European Sciences and his own interpretation of the current phase of history of mankind as the end of Europe and the arrival of a post-European age. The second part confronts Newell's treatments of tyrants usurping power throughout the human history and his efforts to offer a “homeopathic cure for the tyrannical temptations” that we might see emerging in the future with the concept of totalitarianism elaborated in the political thought of Hannah Arendt.
Cardozo Studies in Law and Literature, Apr 1, 1990
Independent initiatives in culture, politics, and religion have become a fixture in Czechoslovaki... more Independent initiatives in culture, politics, and religion have become a fixture in Czechoslovakia over the past 12 years. Though unofficial activity did, of course, take place before 1977, there is no denying that the formation of Charter 77 had a decisive influence on the entire independent realm. In 1977, after nearly 30 years of communist rule, after the "normalization" that followed the 1968 invasion, Czechoslovak society was paralyzed. The creation of Charter reestablished a public domain independent of the government and beyond the reach of government manipulation; within the confines of a totalitarian system, a "parallel polis" was founded. To the surprise of nay-sayers and skeptics, the parallel polis has proved to be extremely resilient. Recent events suggest that communist ideologues intent on crushing independent movements will themselves be consigned to the garbage dump of history they had envisioned for the opposition. Human rights, a theoretical cornerstone of Eastern Europe's independent initiatives, are no longer the concern of a minority at the fringes of society, but are now at the very center of domestic and international politics. Across Eastern Europe, the holders of power face the prospect of having to abandon their totalitarian principles or watch the foundations of their power slowly crumble beneath them. But if Czechoslovakia's rulers must reevaluate
Central European University Press eBooks, 2000
Social Science Research Network, 2010
Abstract will be provided by author.
Thesis Eleven, Jun 1, 2013
Central European University Press eBooks, Nov 10, 2010
Tumultes, 2009
htm Découvrir le sommaire de ce numéro, suivre la revue par email, s'abonner... Flashez ce QR Cod... more htm Découvrir le sommaire de ce numéro, suivre la revue par email, s'abonner... Flashez ce QR Code pour accéder à la page de ce numéro sur Cairn.info. 1. « Déclaration constitutive de la Charte 77 ». Voir la traduction intégrale de ce document infra, pp. 389-394.
Civic Freedom in Central Europe, 1991
Independent citizens’ initiatives, independent culture, independent church structures, and so on,... more Independent citizens’ initiatives, independent culture, independent church structures, and so on, represent a radically new phenomenon which in the past twelve years has become a part of the Czechoslovak reality that cannot be overlooked. Even if much of what we would include in this category — a wide range of cultural activity, for instance — has a pre-history of its own, it is undeniable that the declaration of Charter 77 in January 1977 was the decisive impulse towards independent activity of all kinds. In Czechoslovak society — which at that time had been controlled by a Communist regime for almost thirty years and had been paralysed since the late 1960s by the ‘normalisation process’ — the emergence of the Charter was extremely important: it meant the restoration of a certain public space that was independent of the ruling power and unmanipulated by it. A ‘parallel polis’ was constituted within a society that had been formed by totalitarianism.
Jak je stale znovu a znovu zdůrazňovano, system ochrany lidských prav vytvořený Evropskou umluvo... more Jak je stale znovu a znovu zdůrazňovano, system ochrany lidských prav vytvořený Evropskou umluvou o lidských pravech (dale EULP) je ve vztahu k systemům vnitrostatni ochrany lidských prav subsidiarni Evropský soud pro lidska prava (dale ESLP) nepřezkoumava zakonodarstvi clenských statů, neposuzuje ustavnost pravomocných rozhodnuti jejich vnitrostatnich organů. Nema pravomoc vnitrostatni akty rusit, vracet je k dalsimu projednani ci připadně iniciovat obnovu řizeni před vnitrostatnimi soudnimi organy (obecnými soudy ci soudem ustavnim) dotceneho statu. Zabýva se jedinou otazkou, konformitou stižnosti napadeneho jednani statnich organů dotceneho statu s EULP.
Tumultes, 2009
htm Découvrir le sommaire de ce numéro, suivre la revue par email, s'abonner... Flashez ce QR Cod... more htm Découvrir le sommaire de ce numéro, suivre la revue par email, s'abonner... Flashez ce QR Code pour accéder à la page de ce numéro sur Cairn.info. 1. « Déclaration constitutive de la Charte 77 ». Voir la traduction intégrale de ce document infra, pp. 389-394.
Elsevier eBooks, 2008
Totalitarianism and authoritarianism are relatively new political terms that have appeared only i... more Totalitarianism and authoritarianism are relatively new political terms that have appeared only in the twentieth century. They denote contemporary autocratic political regimes; that is, the form of government where the ruler is endowed with, and exerts, absolute power. Such political regimes, however, have existed from the very beginning of human history. Therefore, the first question we may like to have answered touches upon these terms themselves. How are they related to other, older concepts that were used previously and actually are still being used as a name for autocracies, such as tyranny, dictatorship, despotism, or absolutism? The answer can be obtained when we look at the history of political discourse in the twentieth century. Before we do that, however, let us try to clarify the generic problem underlying our theme: what are autocratic and nonautocratic forms of government?
Springer eBooks, Sep 10, 2010
In the last weeks of his life, Jan Patočka published a few short texts on Charter 77 which can be... more In the last weeks of his life, Jan Patočka published a few short texts on Charter 77 which can be read as a kind of political testament. The audience was not just the usual academe, but the entire body of his fellow citizens, and he addressed them in his characteristic manner: as a truly Socratic philosopher. Having reread Patočka’s arguments
Časopis pro právní vědu a praxi, Apr 29, 2007
Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks, 1991
Independent citizens’ initiatives, independent culture, independent church structures, and so on,... more Independent citizens’ initiatives, independent culture, independent church structures, and so on, represent a radically new phenomenon which in the past twelve years has become a part of the Czechoslovak reality that cannot be overlooked. Even if much of what we would include in this category — a wide range of cultural activity, for instance — has a pre-history of its own, it is undeniable that the declaration of Charter 77 in January 1977 was the decisive impulse towards independent activity of all kinds. In Czechoslovak society — which at that time had been controlled by a Communist regime for almost thirty years and had been paralysed since the late 1960s by the ‘normalisation process’ — the emergence of the Charter was extremely important: it meant the restoration of a certain public space that was independent of the ruling power and unmanipulated by it. A ‘parallel polis’ was constituted within a society that had been formed by totalitarianism.
Perspectives on Political Science, Aug 25, 2017
ABSTRACT This critical review of Newell's Tyrants consists of two parts. The first one depart... more ABSTRACT This critical review of Newell's Tyrants consists of two parts. The first one departs from questions Jan Patočka, the most important Czech philosopher of the 20th century, raised in the 1970s in the context of his critical reading of a book by Geoffrey Barraclough, An Introduction to Contemporary History. Patočka's criticism of Barraclough, suggested here as a starting point for a dialogue with Newell, departed from Husserl's Crisis of European Sciences and his own interpretation of the current phase of history of mankind as the end of Europe and the arrival of a post-European age. The second part confronts Newell's treatments of tyrants usurping power throughout the human history and his efforts to offer a “homeopathic cure for the tyrannical temptations” that we might see emerging in the future with the concept of totalitarianism elaborated in the political thought of Hannah Arendt.
Cardozo Studies in Law and Literature, Apr 1, 1990
Independent initiatives in culture, politics, and religion have become a fixture in Czechoslovaki... more Independent initiatives in culture, politics, and religion have become a fixture in Czechoslovakia over the past 12 years. Though unofficial activity did, of course, take place before 1977, there is no denying that the formation of Charter 77 had a decisive influence on the entire independent realm. In 1977, after nearly 30 years of communist rule, after the "normalization" that followed the 1968 invasion, Czechoslovak society was paralyzed. The creation of Charter reestablished a public domain independent of the government and beyond the reach of government manipulation; within the confines of a totalitarian system, a "parallel polis" was founded. To the surprise of nay-sayers and skeptics, the parallel polis has proved to be extremely resilient. Recent events suggest that communist ideologues intent on crushing independent movements will themselves be consigned to the garbage dump of history they had envisioned for the opposition. Human rights, a theoretical cornerstone of Eastern Europe's independent initiatives, are no longer the concern of a minority at the fringes of society, but are now at the very center of domestic and international politics. Across Eastern Europe, the holders of power face the prospect of having to abandon their totalitarian principles or watch the foundations of their power slowly crumble beneath them. But if Czechoslovakia's rulers must reevaluate
Central European University Press eBooks, 2000
Social Science Research Network, 2010
Abstract will be provided by author.
Thesis Eleven, Jun 1, 2013
Central European University Press eBooks, Nov 10, 2010
Tumultes, 2009
htm Découvrir le sommaire de ce numéro, suivre la revue par email, s'abonner... Flashez ce QR Cod... more htm Découvrir le sommaire de ce numéro, suivre la revue par email, s'abonner... Flashez ce QR Code pour accéder à la page de ce numéro sur Cairn.info. 1. « Déclaration constitutive de la Charte 77 ». Voir la traduction intégrale de ce document infra, pp. 389-394.
Civic Freedom in Central Europe, 1991
Independent citizens’ initiatives, independent culture, independent church structures, and so on,... more Independent citizens’ initiatives, independent culture, independent church structures, and so on, represent a radically new phenomenon which in the past twelve years has become a part of the Czechoslovak reality that cannot be overlooked. Even if much of what we would include in this category — a wide range of cultural activity, for instance — has a pre-history of its own, it is undeniable that the declaration of Charter 77 in January 1977 was the decisive impulse towards independent activity of all kinds. In Czechoslovak society — which at that time had been controlled by a Communist regime for almost thirty years and had been paralysed since the late 1960s by the ‘normalisation process’ — the emergence of the Charter was extremely important: it meant the restoration of a certain public space that was independent of the ruling power and unmanipulated by it. A ‘parallel polis’ was constituted within a society that had been formed by totalitarianism.
Jak je stale znovu a znovu zdůrazňovano, system ochrany lidských prav vytvořený Evropskou umluvo... more Jak je stale znovu a znovu zdůrazňovano, system ochrany lidských prav vytvořený Evropskou umluvou o lidských pravech (dale EULP) je ve vztahu k systemům vnitrostatni ochrany lidských prav subsidiarni Evropský soud pro lidska prava (dale ESLP) nepřezkoumava zakonodarstvi clenských statů, neposuzuje ustavnost pravomocných rozhodnuti jejich vnitrostatnich organů. Nema pravomoc vnitrostatni akty rusit, vracet je k dalsimu projednani ci připadně iniciovat obnovu řizeni před vnitrostatnimi soudnimi organy (obecnými soudy ci soudem ustavnim) dotceneho statu. Zabýva se jedinou otazkou, konformitou stižnosti napadeneho jednani statnich organů dotceneho statu s EULP.
Tumultes, 2009
htm Découvrir le sommaire de ce numéro, suivre la revue par email, s'abonner... Flashez ce QR Cod... more htm Découvrir le sommaire de ce numéro, suivre la revue par email, s'abonner... Flashez ce QR Code pour accéder à la page de ce numéro sur Cairn.info. 1. « Déclaration constitutive de la Charte 77 ». Voir la traduction intégrale de ce document infra, pp. 389-394.