Mary Malik - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Mary Malik

Cognition Instruct, 1986

This study investigated the developmental relationship between children's mental representati... more This study investigated the developmental relationship between children's mental representations of the arithmetic change problem structure (the change problem schema) and their use of part-whole strategies to solve change problems. Two hypotheses were contrasted. The first suggests that part-whole knowledge is a prerequisite for the development of the change problem schema. The second suggests that the change problem schema provides a framework for the development of part-whole knowledge. Part-whole knowledge was inferred from children's abilities to solve the most difficult type of change problem, that with start set unknown. The change problem schema was inferred from children's abilities to anticipate completion of the "how many?" question when given all information about the problem except the question. Only children who used part-whole strategies performed at greater than chance levels on the question generation measure. Part-whole knowledge, therefore, was seen as a prerequisite for the change prob...

Develop Psychol, 1986

Page 1. Developmental Psychology 1986, Vol. 22, No. 5,617-626 Copyright 1986 by the American Psyc... more Page 1. Developmental Psychology 1986, Vol. 22, No. 5,617-626 Copyright 1986 by the American Psychological Association, Inc. 0012-1649/86/$00.75 Effects of Parental Maltreatment on Children's Conceptions of Interpersonal Relationships ...

Rethinking the DSM: A psychological perspective.

The SAGE Handbook of Personality Theory and Assessment: Volume 1 — Personality Theories and Models

Revista internacional de …, 2003

Resumen: Este artículo presenta los resultados preliminares de un estudio experimental diseñado p... more Resumen: Este artículo presenta los resultados preliminares de un estudio experimental diseñado para desarrollar y validar un modelo integrador de intervenciones psicológicas. La psicoterapia prescriptiva basa sus procedimientos en principios de cambios meta-...

Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, Practice, Training, 2001

The study of how patient attributes interact with psychological treatments (i.e., aptitude by tre... more The study of how patient attributes interact with psychological treatments (i.e., aptitude by treatment interactions [ATIs]) is a complex and often neglected area of research. ATI research includes patient dimensions as covariates or moderators that selectively and predictably alter the effect of various models of psychotherapy. A number of patient dimensions that moderate treatment effects have been identified. This article focuses on two of these patient variables: patient level of functional impairment and patient coping style. This article describes these concepts and the methods of their measurement and then reviews empirical literature that identifies the effects of these patient contributions on treatment outcome. The practical implications for treatment are also discussed.

Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry, 2001

This study examines the relation between baseline clinical characteristics in patients with pos~a... more This study examines the relation between baseline clinical characteristics in patients with pos~aumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and response to treatment with a reversible monoamine oxidase A inhibitor (RI. MA), brofaromine. 2. Data from two comparable, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies of brofaromine in patients with PTSD were combined. Bivariate analyses of variables of interest and outcome were performed. 3. Treatment response was significantly associated with lower baseline scores on the full scale Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS) and on CAPS subscales B (re-experiencing) and C (avoidance/numbing), as well as to drug treatment with brofaromine. Placebo response was related to a history of past sexual trauma. 4. Brofaromine may have therapeutic benefit in treating PTSD, with lower baseline levels of reexperiencing and avoidance/numbing and overall less severe PTSD most predictive of outcome.

Journal of Traumatic Stress, 1999

In this small pilot study, we evaluated qrrality of life for 16 posttraurtratic stress disorder (... more In this small pilot study, we evaluated qrrality of life for 16 posttraurtratic stress disorder (PTSD) patients by administering the Medical Outconies Study 36-item Short-Forin Health Survey (SF-36) at baseline and endpoint during a 12-week double-blind trial of jiuoxetine and placebo. At baseline, our subjects reported greater impairment relative to sicbjects with major depression or obsessivecompulsive disorder on several SF-36 domains. Significant effects offlrto.retirie relative to placebo were observed for vitality, social fitnctioning, and mental health. Overall, PTSD was associated with greatly reduced quality of life. but considerable itnprovernetit was achieved through treatment.

Journal of Consulting & Clinical Psychology, 2003

The definition of an empirically supported treatment (EST) arguably embodies 2 untested assumptio... more The definition of an empirically supported treatment (EST) arguably embodies 2 untested assumptions: (a) that different manualized renditions of the same therapy are functionally equivalent and (b) that therapies can be reliably applied independently of therapist, setting, and format. These assumptions were tested as applied to cognitive therapy (CT), using process data from a large multisite study (N = 235) that included 3 cognitive and 6 alternative therapies. Although the non-CTs were more variable than the CTs on 2 of 4 dimensions studied (directiveness and emotional arousal), there was considerable variation among the 3 CTs, even when implemented in the current context of rigorous training, manualization, and adherence checks. Results are discussed as related to the assumptions underlying EST criteria.

Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology, 1998

Patients with social phobia who responded well to 6 months of open-label treatment with clonazepa... more Patients with social phobia who responded well to 6 months of open-label treatment with clonazepam were assigned to receive either continuation treatment (CT) with clonazepam for another 5 months, or to undergo discontinuation treatment (DT) using a clonazepam taper at the rate of 0.25 mg every 2 weeks, with double-blind placebo substitution. Clinical efficacy was compared between the CT and DT groups using three different social phobia scales. Benzodiazepine withdrawal symptoms were also measured. Relapse rates were 0 and 21.1% in the CT and DT groups, respectively. Subjects in the CT group generally showed a more favorable clinical response at midpoint and/or endpoint, although even in the DT group clinical response remained good. With respect to withdrawal symptoms, the rates were low in both groups (12.5% for CT and 27.7% for DT) with no real evidence suggesting significant withdrawal difficulties. At the end of 11 months of treatment with clonazepam, however, a more rapid withdrawal rate was associated with greater distress. This study offers preliminary evidence to suggest that continuation therapy with clonazepam in the treatment of social phobia is safe and effective, producing a somewhat greater clinical benefit than a slow-taper discontinuation regime. However, even in the DT group, withdrawal symptoms were not found to be a major problem. The study can be taken as supportive of benefit for longterm clonazepam treatment in social phobia, as well as being compatible with a reasonably good outcome after short-term treatment and slow taper.

Journal of Clinical Psychology, 2003

been found to moderate the effects of various classes of mental health treatment procedures. Rese... more been found to moderate the effects of various classes of mental health treatment procedures. Research on these dimensions as treatment indicators, as assessed both by clinicians and through patient self-reports, indicates that they increase the efficiency and effectiveness of treatment among English-speaking samples. This article reports a study of the convergent and discriminant validity of two of the subscales, Coping Style and Trait Resistance. The subscales were translated English into Spanish and administered to large Spanish and Argentinean subject pools, along with established measures of the same and related constructs. Results revealed that both scales possessed good internal consistency and adequate discriminant validity. The implications of these findings are discussed.

Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 1999

Two peer-led anxiety disorder support groups were surveyed to ascertain characteristics of indivi... more Two peer-led anxiety disorder support groups were surveyed to ascertain characteristics of individuals seeking the services of these groups. Both groups had received information and consultation from the Anxiety Disorders Association of

International Clinical Psychopharmacology, 1997

Educational and Psychological Measurement, 2003

The Personal Style Inventory (PSI) was developed to assess individuals’ levels of sociotropy and ... more The Personal Style Inventory (PSI) was developed to assess individuals’ levels of sociotropy and autonomy, two personality characteristics considered to be associated with increased vulnerability to depression. This study used the approach of latent means analysis (LMA) within the framework of structural equation modeling (SEM) to explore the factor structure and gender differences associated with the PSI in a sample of Korean undergraduates ( N = 508). Results of the confirmatory factor analysis are consistent with previous work and support the cross-cultural stability of the PSI factor structure. However, in contrast to previous research, results of the LMA showed women to have higher scores than men on sociotropy and autonomy dimensions, raising the possibility of cross-cultural differences in the interaction between these personality styles and vulnerability to depression.

Developmental Psychology, 1986

Depression and Anxiety, 1997

Comprehensive Psychiatry, 1998