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Papers by Maryam Aroichane
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, 2003
Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus, 2005
To evaluate the ophthalmic, radiologic, and ultrasonographic findings in morning glory syndrome. ... more To evaluate the ophthalmic, radiologic, and ultrasonographic findings in morning glory syndrome. Retrospective review of patients' charts. Twenty-one patients were included. Visual acuity was 20/200 or better in 50% of the eyes. Three eyes developed a retinal detachment. When computerized tomography of the orbit demonstrated peripapillary scleral staphyloma and intraocular calcifications, this correlated with poor visual acuity. Computerized tomography of the brain revealed abnormalities in three asymptomatic patients. B-scan ultrasonography demonstrated retinal tissue overhanging the peripapillary scleral staphyloma. Morning glory syndrome has a spectrum of severity, with most patients retaining useful vision. Orbital and cerebral computerized tomography scan as well as B-scan ultrasonography may help with diagnosis and management.
Hormone research in paediatrics, Jan 24, 2017
The risk factors for pituitary hormone dysfunction (PHD) in children with optic nerve hypoplasia ... more The risk factors for pituitary hormone dysfunction (PHD) in children with optic nerve hypoplasia (ONH) are not well understood. This study identified the type, timing, and predictors of PHD in children with ONH. ONH patient charts were reviewed retrospectively. The incidence rate of PHD was calculated assuming a Poisson distribution. Predictors of PHD were identified through a multivariable Cox proportional hazards model. Among 144 subjects with ONH, 49.3% (n = 71) developed PHD over 614.7 person-years of follow-up. The incidence was 11.55 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 9.02-14.57/100 person-years). The median time to first PHD was 2.88 (interquartile range: 0.02-18.72) months. Eighty-two percent developed their first PHD by their 5th and 90% by their 10th birthday, and 89% within 5 years of ONH diagnosis. Prematurity (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]: 0.33; 95% CI: 0.1-1.07), blindness (aHR: 1.72; 95% CI: 1.03-2.86), maternal substance abuse (aHR: 1.51; 95% CI: 0.91-2.48), abnormal post...
Neuropediatrics, 2016
We describe for the first time two patients with succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase (SSADH) defi... more We describe for the first time two patients with succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase (SSADH) deficiency, who were found to have abnormal electroretinogram (ERG) examinations at baseline, or 6 months after vigabatrin treatment was started. This was somewhat reversible with L-taurine treatment, or minimally progressive. The mechanism of injury to the retina may be induced by elevations of γ-aminobutyric acid causing peripheral photoreceptor and ganglion cell damage, and this can be exacerbated by the use of vigabatrin. The use of taurine supplementation in tandem with vigabatrin may allow reversal of retinopathy and mitigate or slow down further deterioration. Further prospective clinical trials are required to evaluate this further. We recommend starting L-taurine therapy together with vigabatrin if a trial of vigabatrin is commenced in a patient with SSADH deficiency. Close monitoring of visual fields or ERG is also recommended at baseline and during vigabatrin therapy.
Molecular Genetics and Metabolism
Canadian journal of ophthalmology. Journal canadien d'ophtalmologie, 1996
To determine the ability of the Hardy-Rand-Rittler (HRR) and Ishihara colour plates to detect acq... more To determine the ability of the Hardy-Rand-Rittler (HRR) and Ishihara colour plates to detect acquired colour vision defects in patients with nonglaucomatous optic neuropathy (NGON). Prospective study. Neuro-Ophthalmology Unit of the Wilmer Eye Institute, Baltimore. A total of 178 consecutive patients (349 eyes) referred to the Neuro-Ophthalmology Unit and the General Eye Service of the Wilmer Eye Institute and examined by two of the authors were enrolled from July 1992 to June 1993. Results of testing with HRR and Ishihara plates. Among the 202 eyes that were found to have no ocular disease on neuro-ophthalmologic testing, the HRR plates gave a normal result in 168 (83.2%), compared with 196 (97.0%) with the Ishihara plates (p < 0.0001). The HRR plates detected an acquired colour vision deficit in 48 (87.3%) of the 55 eyes with NGON, compared with 38 (69.1%) for Ishihara plates (p = 0.001). The values for the eyes with NGON with a visual acuity of 20/25 or better were 76.5% (13/...
Journal of clinical neuro-ophthalmology, 1993
A 16-year-old girl developed headaches and bilateral papilledema while taking minocycline for acn... more A 16-year-old girl developed headaches and bilateral papilledema while taking minocycline for acne. The initial neuro-ophthalmologic evaluation was normal except for enlarged blind spots OU. An MRI scan demonstrated subtle abnormalities. A lumbar puncture was entirely normal except for an increased opening pressure. A tentative diagnosis of pseudotumor cerebri was made and the patient was treated with Diamox. A second MRI was unchanged, and a lumbar puncture performed while the patient was taking Diamox was entirely normal. The patient subsequently lost vision in both eyes, and a third MRI now revealed a supracellar enhancing mass. Biopsy and subtotal resection of the mass showed it to be a glioblastoma multiforme. This case emphasizes pitfalls in the diagnosis of pseudotumor cerebri. Careful follow-up and a high index of suspicion in pseudotumor cerebri syndromes are essential.
Journal of Ophthalmic Inflammation and Infection, 2013
American Orthoptic Journal, 2016
The Canadian journal of neurological sciences. Le journal canadien des sciences neurologiques, 1991
A patient who presented with bilateral loss of all pupillary reactions and normal ocular motor fu... more A patient who presented with bilateral loss of all pupillary reactions and normal ocular motor function is reported. Investigation revealed the presence of massive hydrocephalus. The syndrome developed shortly after transsphenoidal surgery for a suprasellar craniopharyngioma. Pupillary function returned to normal following the insertion of a ventriculo-peritoneal shunt. It is suggested that the syndrome was due to compression of the visceral oculomotor nuclei by a dilated sylvian aqueduct.
Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, 1995
This study evaluated the ophthalmological outcome following sixth nerve palsy or paresis in 64 ch... more This study evaluated the ophthalmological outcome following sixth nerve palsy or paresis in 64 children 7 years of age and younger. The outcomes considered were vision, residual strabismus and the need for strabismus surgery. Etiologies included tumor, hydrocephalus, trauma, infection, malformation, and idiopathic and miscellaneous causes. Strabismus surgery was performed on 24% of the patients, with residual strabismus present in 66% of the patients. Neurologists and ophthalmologists should monitor visual acuity in these young children at frequent intervals be prepared to institute amblyopia therapy early in the course of the ocular misalignment if permanent visual disability is to be avoided.
Journal of American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, 2010
Journal of American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, 2011
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, 2003
Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus, 2005
To evaluate the ophthalmic, radiologic, and ultrasonographic findings in morning glory syndrome. ... more To evaluate the ophthalmic, radiologic, and ultrasonographic findings in morning glory syndrome. Retrospective review of patients&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39; charts. Twenty-one patients were included. Visual acuity was 20/200 or better in 50% of the eyes. Three eyes developed a retinal detachment. When computerized tomography of the orbit demonstrated peripapillary scleral staphyloma and intraocular calcifications, this correlated with poor visual acuity. Computerized tomography of the brain revealed abnormalities in three asymptomatic patients. B-scan ultrasonography demonstrated retinal tissue overhanging the peripapillary scleral staphyloma. Morning glory syndrome has a spectrum of severity, with most patients retaining useful vision. Orbital and cerebral computerized tomography scan as well as B-scan ultrasonography may help with diagnosis and management.
Hormone research in paediatrics, Jan 24, 2017
The risk factors for pituitary hormone dysfunction (PHD) in children with optic nerve hypoplasia ... more The risk factors for pituitary hormone dysfunction (PHD) in children with optic nerve hypoplasia (ONH) are not well understood. This study identified the type, timing, and predictors of PHD in children with ONH. ONH patient charts were reviewed retrospectively. The incidence rate of PHD was calculated assuming a Poisson distribution. Predictors of PHD were identified through a multivariable Cox proportional hazards model. Among 144 subjects with ONH, 49.3% (n = 71) developed PHD over 614.7 person-years of follow-up. The incidence was 11.55 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 9.02-14.57/100 person-years). The median time to first PHD was 2.88 (interquartile range: 0.02-18.72) months. Eighty-two percent developed their first PHD by their 5th and 90% by their 10th birthday, and 89% within 5 years of ONH diagnosis. Prematurity (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]: 0.33; 95% CI: 0.1-1.07), blindness (aHR: 1.72; 95% CI: 1.03-2.86), maternal substance abuse (aHR: 1.51; 95% CI: 0.91-2.48), abnormal post...
Neuropediatrics, 2016
We describe for the first time two patients with succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase (SSADH) defi... more We describe for the first time two patients with succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase (SSADH) deficiency, who were found to have abnormal electroretinogram (ERG) examinations at baseline, or 6 months after vigabatrin treatment was started. This was somewhat reversible with L-taurine treatment, or minimally progressive. The mechanism of injury to the retina may be induced by elevations of γ-aminobutyric acid causing peripheral photoreceptor and ganglion cell damage, and this can be exacerbated by the use of vigabatrin. The use of taurine supplementation in tandem with vigabatrin may allow reversal of retinopathy and mitigate or slow down further deterioration. Further prospective clinical trials are required to evaluate this further. We recommend starting L-taurine therapy together with vigabatrin if a trial of vigabatrin is commenced in a patient with SSADH deficiency. Close monitoring of visual fields or ERG is also recommended at baseline and during vigabatrin therapy.
Molecular Genetics and Metabolism
Canadian journal of ophthalmology. Journal canadien d'ophtalmologie, 1996
To determine the ability of the Hardy-Rand-Rittler (HRR) and Ishihara colour plates to detect acq... more To determine the ability of the Hardy-Rand-Rittler (HRR) and Ishihara colour plates to detect acquired colour vision defects in patients with nonglaucomatous optic neuropathy (NGON). Prospective study. Neuro-Ophthalmology Unit of the Wilmer Eye Institute, Baltimore. A total of 178 consecutive patients (349 eyes) referred to the Neuro-Ophthalmology Unit and the General Eye Service of the Wilmer Eye Institute and examined by two of the authors were enrolled from July 1992 to June 1993. Results of testing with HRR and Ishihara plates. Among the 202 eyes that were found to have no ocular disease on neuro-ophthalmologic testing, the HRR plates gave a normal result in 168 (83.2%), compared with 196 (97.0%) with the Ishihara plates (p < 0.0001). The HRR plates detected an acquired colour vision deficit in 48 (87.3%) of the 55 eyes with NGON, compared with 38 (69.1%) for Ishihara plates (p = 0.001). The values for the eyes with NGON with a visual acuity of 20/25 or better were 76.5% (13/...
Journal of clinical neuro-ophthalmology, 1993
A 16-year-old girl developed headaches and bilateral papilledema while taking minocycline for acn... more A 16-year-old girl developed headaches and bilateral papilledema while taking minocycline for acne. The initial neuro-ophthalmologic evaluation was normal except for enlarged blind spots OU. An MRI scan demonstrated subtle abnormalities. A lumbar puncture was entirely normal except for an increased opening pressure. A tentative diagnosis of pseudotumor cerebri was made and the patient was treated with Diamox. A second MRI was unchanged, and a lumbar puncture performed while the patient was taking Diamox was entirely normal. The patient subsequently lost vision in both eyes, and a third MRI now revealed a supracellar enhancing mass. Biopsy and subtotal resection of the mass showed it to be a glioblastoma multiforme. This case emphasizes pitfalls in the diagnosis of pseudotumor cerebri. Careful follow-up and a high index of suspicion in pseudotumor cerebri syndromes are essential.
Journal of Ophthalmic Inflammation and Infection, 2013
American Orthoptic Journal, 2016
The Canadian journal of neurological sciences. Le journal canadien des sciences neurologiques, 1991
A patient who presented with bilateral loss of all pupillary reactions and normal ocular motor fu... more A patient who presented with bilateral loss of all pupillary reactions and normal ocular motor function is reported. Investigation revealed the presence of massive hydrocephalus. The syndrome developed shortly after transsphenoidal surgery for a suprasellar craniopharyngioma. Pupillary function returned to normal following the insertion of a ventriculo-peritoneal shunt. It is suggested that the syndrome was due to compression of the visceral oculomotor nuclei by a dilated sylvian aqueduct.
Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, 1995
This study evaluated the ophthalmological outcome following sixth nerve palsy or paresis in 64 ch... more This study evaluated the ophthalmological outcome following sixth nerve palsy or paresis in 64 children 7 years of age and younger. The outcomes considered were vision, residual strabismus and the need for strabismus surgery. Etiologies included tumor, hydrocephalus, trauma, infection, malformation, and idiopathic and miscellaneous causes. Strabismus surgery was performed on 24% of the patients, with residual strabismus present in 66% of the patients. Neurologists and ophthalmologists should monitor visual acuity in these young children at frequent intervals be prepared to institute amblyopia therapy early in the course of the ocular misalignment if permanent visual disability is to be avoided.
Journal of American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, 2010
Journal of American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, 2011