Masyhudi Amir - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Masyhudi Amir

Baseline characteristics by case definition

<p>Baseline characteristics by case definition.</p

Tahongai ( Kleinhovia hospita Linn) merupakan tanaman herbal yang banyak dijadikan obat tradision... more Tahongai ( Kleinhovia hospita Linn) merupakan tanaman herbal yang banyak dijadikan obat tradisional oleh masyarakat suku Dayak. Tahongai memiliki berbagai khasiat yang dapat digunakan untuk menunjang kesehatan tubuh. Didalam tanaman ini juga terdapat senyawa aktif yang dapat berfungsi sebagai zat antibakteri. Terutama pada bagian daun Tahongai, memiliki kandungan senyawa aktif seperti flavonoid, alkaloid, saponin, dan terpenoid yang dapat berfungsi sebagai senyawa antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek antibakteri dari ekstrak daun tanaman Tahongai terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans secara In-vitro. Desain penelitian ini adalah post test only control group design dengan menggunakan uji Disc Diffusion ( Kirby-Bauer ). Penelitian ini menggunakan bakteri A . actinomycetemcomitans yang diberi perlakuan ekstrak etanol daun Tahongai ( K . hospita Linn) dengan konsentrasi 5%, 10%, 15%, dan 20%. Kemudian dilakukan pengulangan sebanyak lima...

ODONTO : Dental Journal, 2018

Background: Indonesia has many types of plants, which have medicinal properties and are used to c... more Background: Indonesia has many types of plants, which have medicinal properties and are used to cure various diseases. One of plant that has medicinal properties is the Angsana plant (Pterocarpus indicus Willd.) which traditionally can cure dental and oral diseases. Normal flora that can cause dental and oral diseases especially dental caries is Streptococcus mutans. One of alternative medications to prevent the disease by using natural products as antibacterial. The purpose of this research to know the antibacterial activity of the Angsana plant parts of the leaves ethanol extract, stem bark, and Angsana latex in inhibiting the growth of Streptococcus mutans. Method: This research used experimental laboratory with disc diffusion methods. Angsana (Pterocarpus indicus Willd.) was taken from as city ornamental tree in Samarinda city. The bacteria which used were Streptococcus mutans. The samples consisted of 11 treatment groups is leaves ethanol extract, stem bark, and Angsana latex respectively with concentration 25%, 50%, 75%, positive control group (chlorhexidine 0,2%), and negative control group (sterile aquades). Data analysis using Shapiro-Wilk test and One-Way Annova test. The results showed that leaves ethanol extract, stem bark, and Angsana latex (Pterocarpus indicus Willd.). All concentrations have antibacterial activity against the growth of Streptococcus mutans. The highest and the lowest concentrations that can inhibit the growth of Streptococcus mutans are 50% ethanol stem bark extract and 25% leaves ethanol extract. The conclusion of this study proves that the leaves, stem bark ethanol extract, and Angsana latex (Pterocarpus indicus Willd.) Have antibacterial activity against the growth of Streptococcus mutans.

PloS one, 2016

Knowledge of risk factors and their relative importance in different settings is essential to dev... more Knowledge of risk factors and their relative importance in different settings is essential to develop effective health education material for the prevention of typhoid. In this study, we examine the effect of household level and individual behavioural risk factors on the risk of typhoid in three Indonesian islands (Sulawesi, Kalimantan and Papua) in the Eastern Indonesian archipelago encompassing rural, peri-urban and urban areas. We enrolled 933 patients above 10 years of age in a health facility-based case-control study between June 2010 and June 2011. Individuals suspected of typhoid were tested using the typhoid IgM lateral flow assay for the serodiagnosis of typhoid fever followed by blood culture testing. Cases and controls were defined post-recruitment: cases were individuals with a culture or serology positive result (n = 449); controls were individuals negative to both serology and culture, with or without a diagnosis other than typhoid (n = 484). Logistic regression was us...

American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences, 2015

Background: Virulence of S. typhi possessed an important factor for occurrence of typhoid fever i... more Background: Virulence of S. typhi possessed an important factor for occurrence of typhoid fever in humans. Penetration of S. typhi in the intestinal mucosa is an important step in the establishment of infection because it allows microorganisms to pass through the epithelial barrier. This penetration is mostly determined by the motility of bacteria. Flagella are composed of a protein called flagellin that associated with the first stage of invasion which allows the bacteria to make direct contact with host cells. Objectives: To explore distributions of Salmonella typhi flagellin gene in effort to explain pathogenesis of typhoid fever in patients with typhoid fever in West Kutai, East Kalimantan. Indonesia. Method: This study was an observational study with cross sectional design. Blood samples collected in January 2011 to December 2012 in Damai District and Barong Tongkok District, West Kutai. Blood cultures performed in patients with suspected typhoid fever, based on clinical features determined by the medical personnel. All positive culture isolate were examine for Hd, Hj, z66 and z66Ind of flagellin genes by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Results: A total of 62 S. typhi isolates obtained from 425 patients with clinically suspected typhoid fever. All 62 (100%) samples found fliC d, fljBz66 gene was found by 47 (75.81%) z66Ind 8 (12.9%) respectively and there was no samples had fliC j. This study shows that significant differences between flagellin gene variants in relation to the incidence of gastrointestinal bleeding (p = 0.034). Conclusion: We found three types of flagellin gene of S. typhi in West Kutai, they are FliC d, FljBz66 and z66Ind. S. typhi containing fliC d genes provides the possibility 9 times more likely to cause gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with typhoid fever when compared with S. typhi containing fljBz66 genes, and 17.5 times when compared with z66Ind gene.

American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 2015

Background: M. tuberculosis grows slowly and requires several weeks to detect in clinical specime... more Background: M. tuberculosis grows slowly and requires several weeks to detect in clinical specimens using standard culture techniques. Messenger RNA is more rapidly destroyed in cells than rRNA or genomic DNA, assays that target mycobacterial mRNA better reflect mycobacterial viability. Therefore we evaluated performance of mRNA for monitoring response to antituberculosis therapy using Real-Time PCR. Methods: Sputum specimens from 29 tuberculosis patients confirmed by positive culture were included in this study. Sputum specimens were collected before therapy, at 1 st week, 4 th week, 8 th week and 16 th week after initiating antituberculosis therapy to evaluate acid-fast bacilli (AFB), culture and mRNA level. Results: All 29 specimens were positive for culture and mRNA before initiating tuberculosis chemotherapy. Within 29 samples confirmed by positive culture, only 22 (75.9%) patients were positive by AFB. After 8 and 16 weeks of therapy, 27 (93.1%) and 28 (96.5%) were negative by culture, 26 (89.6%) and 28 (96.5%) were negative results for mRNA, and 15 (51.7%) and 29 (100%) were negative results for AFB. Conclusion: Rapidly decline of mRNA level correlated with rapid culture clearance after anti-tuberculosis therapy.

American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 2014

Background: Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) assay has recently emerged as a genotyping me... more Background: Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) assay has recently emerged as a genotyping method which is both robust and highly discriminatory for bacterial strain differentiation. However, RAPD assessment for Mycobacterium tuberculosiscomplex (MTC) isolates is still limited. Despite its simplicity and rapidity, conventional RAPD also has low reproducibility due to its sensitivity to several factors. Therefore we studied the feasibility of an RAPD-PCR assay to define the genetic diversity of MTC isolates and to evaluate its reproducibility.Methods:493clinical MTC isolates from the island of Sulawesi in Eastern Indonesia, collected from 2005-2012were subjected to Multiplex RAPD assay using 11 random decamer primers instead of one primer which is common in conventional RAPD. All 11 primers were found to be differentiated and produced specific RAPD profiles. The polymorphic amplicons served as RAPD markers for MTC. The dendrograms, obtained by different primers, showed the discriminatory ability of the primers.Results:Multiplex RAPD-PCR results show that the majority of the isolates from South Sulawesi, Southeast Sulawesi andCentral Sulawesiin eastern region of Indonesia belong to group MT-C (80.7%, 80.0% and 62.6 % respectively) with result reproducibility as high as 100%. Conclusion:Molecular typing with multiplex RAPD-PCR is a powerful approach to show the genetic heterogeneity of MTC isolates. The discrimination power and reproducibility of this multiple loci-based RAPD was higher than conventional fewer loci-targeted RAPD.

Journal of Medical Sciences, 2017

is an International, peer-reviewed scientific journal that publishes original article in experime... more is an International, peer-reviewed scientific journal that publishes original article in experimental & clinical medicine and related disciplines such as molecular biology, biochemistry, genetics, biophysics, bio-and medical technology. JMS is issued four times per year on paper and in electronic format.