Mathew Kasujja - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Mathew Kasujja

Complete Guide - Code of Practice for Drilling-Construction of Clean & Safe Water Well Community Boreholes in Uganda, 2023

In Uganda, groundwater sources, namely shallow wells and boreholes, are often the first choice of... more In Uganda, groundwater sources, namely shallow wells and boreholes, are often the first choice of water source for supplying rural areas. Groundwater sources are found in most places in the country and are relatively easy and cheap to install. These water sources are developed based on the demand of the service and the potential of a given location to yield sustainable amounts. There is currently a big drive to meet the Sustainable Development Goals target for drinking water. The world is talking about universal access to safe and affordable drinking water for all by 2030. Whilst this is positive, it is important that quality is not compromised in an effort to serve more people. A poorly constructed borehole can fail after one year, resulting in wasted investment and disappointed users. If drilling and construction of water wells are not adequately supervised by trained professionals, quality will be compromised and services won’t last for its timeframe. Governments, NGOs and agencies have a responsibility to ensure that quality is not compromised by a lack of construction supervision.

10 Key Steps for A Foreign Investor to Construct up a Factory (company) in Uganda, 2020

10 Key Steps for A Foreign Investor to Construct up a Factory (company) in Uganda The governme... more 10 Key Steps for A Foreign Investor to Construct up a Factory (company) in Uganda

The government of Uganda strongly encourages private investment, both foreign and domestic. Efforts aimed at improving investment climate have been made at different levels such as;
• Reducing bureaucracy needed to secure licenses and permits, streamlining the legal framework, fighting corruption and stabilizing the economy.
• Uganda’s fiscal incentive package provides for generous capital recovery terms, particularly for investors whose projects entail significant investment in plant and machinery and whose investments are medium/long term. Uganda also has a fully liberalized foreign exchange regime with no restrictions on the movement of capital in and out of the country.

• The establishment of the One-Stop Centre by the Uganda Investment Authority through the amendment of the Investment Act, 2019 created a single access point for information and service transactions for investors. It also houses Government and private sector institutions that are responsible for investment facilitation.
Why Invest in Uganda?
Ranked the 8th freest economy in 2019. The economy is basically a business operating nation that has its policies and laws lax enough to accommodate any kind of investor and investing opportunity. The minimum investment capital that is needed by an investor to invest in Uganda is $100,000.
To further prove that the country is the perfect zone for foreign investors, it has enjoyed stable economic and political weather and it only consistently continues to improve.

Apart from the above, the Ugandan government created a one-stop center (OSC) that registers businesses and controls licensing under the Ugandan Investment Authority. Some of its duties are;
1. Tax Advice and Registration Support
2. Immigration and work permit issues
3. Land acquisition and Verification
4. Environmental Compliance and approvals and so on.
Because all these services and more are provided all in one place, the investors find that they save time and money. This only allows for a fast track of the licensing of projects and with that implementation is swift.
Investment License
Uganda Investment Authority issues the Investment License to both domestic and foreign companies. Acquiring an Investment license from the Uganda Investment Agency is a mandatory requirement for foreign investors as it is the instrument that legalizes the investment in Uganda.
Companies need to meet the threshold i.e. US$ 50,000 for domestic (local) investors and US$ 250,000 for foreign investors. Please note that some sectors require regulatory licenses e.g. mining, manufacture of drugs, before applying for an investment license.
Persons intending to engage in trade do not require a license from UIA but must prove they have access to operating capital of US$100,000 before trading licenses and the recommendations for work permits can be issued by local authorities.

PROJECT PROPOSAL FOR PRODUCTION & PROCESSING OF TEA 1.0 Background 3 1.1 Opportunity Rationale 3 ... more PROJECT PROPOSAL FOR PRODUCTION & PROCESSING OF TEA
1.0 Background 3
1.1 Opportunity Rationale 3
1.2 Market Entry Timing 4
1.3 Overview 4
1.4 Product Description and Application 4
1.5 Market Study and Plant Capacity 5
Table 3.1: Supply of Black and Green Tea (Tonnes) 5
Table 3.2: Exports of Black and Green Tea (Tonnes) 6
1.6 Projected Demand 6
Table 3.3: Projected Demand for Black and Green Tea (Tonnes) 7
1.7 Pricing and Distribution 7
2.1 Plant Capacity and Production Programme 7
2.2 Production Programme 7
Table 3.4: Production Programme 8
2.3 Materials and Inputs 8
Table 4.1: Raw and Auxiliary Materials and Cost at Full Capacity 8
2.3.1 Utilities 8
Table 4.2: Annual Requirement of Utilities and Cost 9
2.4 Technology 9
2.4.1 Production Process 9
2.4.2 Green Tea Processing 11
2.5 Proposed Location 11
2.5.1 Key Success Factors 11
2.5.2 Strategic Recommendations 11
2.6 Engineering 12
2.6.1 Machinery and Equipment 12
2.7 Machinery Requirement and Details 12
Table 5.1: Machinery and Equipment Requirement and Cost 12
2.7.1 Land, Building and Civil Works 13
2.8 Manpower and Training Requirement 13
2.8.1 Manpower Requirement 13
2.8.2 Training Requirement 13
Table 6.1: Manpower Requirement and Labor Cost 14
2.9 Financial Analysis 14
2.9.1 Total Initial Investment Cost 15
Table 7.1: Initial Investment Cost 15
2.9.2 Production Cost 15
Table 7.2: Annual Production Cost at Full Capacity 16
2.9.3 Financial Evaluation 16

1.0 Background
SOUTH-WESTERN STAR-TEA UGANDA – PROJECT plans to start-up a tea production and processing business in the SOUTH-WESTERN part of Uganda. For a long time, Uganda has been known to be favorable for Tea growing. Tea being an important export product, the Government of Uganda considers it as one key area through which the country’s export earnings could be boosted, and people’s social-economic conditions improved. Uganda is the third leading producer and exporter of tea in Africa (45,000MT) after Kenya (295,000MT) and Malawi (55,000MT) (MAAIF, 2010) but tea produced in Uganda is of a medium quality tea primarily used in blends with premium quality teas, such as those from Kenya.

Tea being an important export product, the Government of Uganda considers it as one key area through which the country’s export earnings could be boosted. During the last decade, Uganda tea exports have been growing steadily by more than 40 percent from 30,477 ton in 2001 to 53,178 ton in 2010. Tea is now the third foreign exchange earner after coffee and fish and is one of the crops under the strategic export program. The tea value chain in Uganda, generally similar to tea value chains in other countries, is characterized by many producers but few downstream players. About 70 per cent of Uganda’s tea is sold through auction in Mombasa, and 20 per cent through direct sales, while the remainder is sold locally. Uganda’s tea export sector remains as open as possible consistent with the country’s liberal trade policy. Uganda has no tea export taxes, charges or levies.

1.1 Opportunity Rationale
In Uganda and most African countries, a morning and evening cup of tea is an essential part of everyday culture. This tradition has existed for many years. Every guest in a home in Uganda is most likely to ask for a cup of tea to relax after a demanding journey. This trend has always created a strong demand for tea in Uganda and made it the world’s third largest importer of tea. In terms of tea consumption, it is the seventh largest country. Even in summer when the weather is extremely hot, tea is drunk twice a day. Tea has dominated the market in both the retail and foodservice channels. Tea is a part of daily life, and rural areas generate the most sales. Rural areas drove sales growth because they consist 66% of the country’s population. Consequently, companies have to focus on rural areas to maintain their market shares. From the review, sales of loose black standard tea are seen to be very dynamic as consumers in rural areas always buy loose black standard tea. Introducing affordable brand in such areas would attract sales. On the other side, in urban areas, offices prefer to use tea bags. Such a market could also be explored with low cost and high product quality. In rural areas and small towns new brands of tea are relatively easy to introduce. The tea sachet packets have seen high sales growth throughout the country and especially in rural areas.

1.2 Market Entry Timing
Oder for a full copy: EMAIL: kasthew@gmail.com

Overview In this paper, the current relationship between universities and industry is presented. ... more Overview
In this paper, the current relationship between universities and industry is presented. This has been through reviewing the historical development of research and development in order to classify the linkages and strengths that emerged between universities and industry. This study examines the linkages and factors influencing relationships between universities and companies and seeks applicable models and ways to improve the linkages among the academia, government, national research institutions and firms in order to enhance innovation and competitiveness in the industry. This paper uses documentary review, with descriptive analysis to investigate the relationship between university and industry. The paper indicates a need for the important players in the knowledge based cluster, have three major schemes to serve the cluster, in collaboration with government, organization/institute and industry. These include; producing graduates highly relevant to the need of related sectors, conducting basic and applied research, and to collaborate with organization/institute and industry to create new technology/innovations. However, there are challenges for the universities to substantially support the cluster which include; universities do not produce highly qualified and industrially relevant graduates, universities do not understand and accommodate the nature of industry, universities do not have sufficient resources, universities are not recognized as a critical player in economy, and universities do not seriously cooperate among themselves and with other related sectors. To paper recommends a need for; universities committing themselves towards collaboration with industry and other players for mutual benefit and industrial growth, understanding the demands and culture of industry, developing niche technology and translating this into patents/licensing, providing consultancy and collaborating with industry and government through an entrepreneurial spirit, supporting business incubation services and spin-offs, enhancing continuity of cooperative and entrepreneurship education, recruiting and developing industrially-experienced and research-active staff and also accommodating competitive facilities for Refresh and Development.
By: Kasujja Mathew, email: kasthew@gmail.com
Senior Research Consultant (Uganda - East Africa)

Drafts by Mathew Kasujja

Complete Guide - Code of Practice for Drilling-Construction of Clean & Safe Water Well Community Boreholes in Uganda, 2023

In Uganda, groundwater sources, namely shallow wells and boreholes, are often the first choice of... more In Uganda, groundwater sources, namely shallow wells and boreholes, are often the first choice of water source for supplying rural areas. Groundwater sources are found in most places in the country and are relatively easy and cheap to install. These water sources are developed based on the demand of the service and the potential of a given location to yield sustainable amounts. There is currently a big drive to meet the Sustainable Development Goals target for drinking water. The world is talking about universal access to safe and affordable drinking water for all by 2030. Whilst this is positive, it is important that quality is not compromised in an effort to serve more people. A poorly constructed borehole can fail after one year, resulting in wasted investment and disappointed users. If drilling and construction of water wells are not adequately supervised by trained professionals, quality will be compromised and services won’t last for its timeframe. Governments, NGOs and agencies have a responsibility to ensure that quality is not compromised by a lack of construction supervision.

10 Key Steps for A Foreign Investor to Construct up a Factory (company) in Uganda, 2020

10 Key Steps for A Foreign Investor to Construct up a Factory (company) in Uganda The governme... more 10 Key Steps for A Foreign Investor to Construct up a Factory (company) in Uganda

The government of Uganda strongly encourages private investment, both foreign and domestic. Efforts aimed at improving investment climate have been made at different levels such as;
• Reducing bureaucracy needed to secure licenses and permits, streamlining the legal framework, fighting corruption and stabilizing the economy.
• Uganda’s fiscal incentive package provides for generous capital recovery terms, particularly for investors whose projects entail significant investment in plant and machinery and whose investments are medium/long term. Uganda also has a fully liberalized foreign exchange regime with no restrictions on the movement of capital in and out of the country.

• The establishment of the One-Stop Centre by the Uganda Investment Authority through the amendment of the Investment Act, 2019 created a single access point for information and service transactions for investors. It also houses Government and private sector institutions that are responsible for investment facilitation.
Why Invest in Uganda?
Ranked the 8th freest economy in 2019. The economy is basically a business operating nation that has its policies and laws lax enough to accommodate any kind of investor and investing opportunity. The minimum investment capital that is needed by an investor to invest in Uganda is $100,000.
To further prove that the country is the perfect zone for foreign investors, it has enjoyed stable economic and political weather and it only consistently continues to improve.

Apart from the above, the Ugandan government created a one-stop center (OSC) that registers businesses and controls licensing under the Ugandan Investment Authority. Some of its duties are;
1. Tax Advice and Registration Support
2. Immigration and work permit issues
3. Land acquisition and Verification
4. Environmental Compliance and approvals and so on.
Because all these services and more are provided all in one place, the investors find that they save time and money. This only allows for a fast track of the licensing of projects and with that implementation is swift.
Investment License
Uganda Investment Authority issues the Investment License to both domestic and foreign companies. Acquiring an Investment license from the Uganda Investment Agency is a mandatory requirement for foreign investors as it is the instrument that legalizes the investment in Uganda.
Companies need to meet the threshold i.e. US$ 50,000 for domestic (local) investors and US$ 250,000 for foreign investors. Please note that some sectors require regulatory licenses e.g. mining, manufacture of drugs, before applying for an investment license.
Persons intending to engage in trade do not require a license from UIA but must prove they have access to operating capital of US$100,000 before trading licenses and the recommendations for work permits can be issued by local authorities.

PROJECT PROPOSAL FOR PRODUCTION & PROCESSING OF TEA 1.0 Background 3 1.1 Opportunity Rationale 3 ... more PROJECT PROPOSAL FOR PRODUCTION & PROCESSING OF TEA
1.0 Background 3
1.1 Opportunity Rationale 3
1.2 Market Entry Timing 4
1.3 Overview 4
1.4 Product Description and Application 4
1.5 Market Study and Plant Capacity 5
Table 3.1: Supply of Black and Green Tea (Tonnes) 5
Table 3.2: Exports of Black and Green Tea (Tonnes) 6
1.6 Projected Demand 6
Table 3.3: Projected Demand for Black and Green Tea (Tonnes) 7
1.7 Pricing and Distribution 7
2.1 Plant Capacity and Production Programme 7
2.2 Production Programme 7
Table 3.4: Production Programme 8
2.3 Materials and Inputs 8
Table 4.1: Raw and Auxiliary Materials and Cost at Full Capacity 8
2.3.1 Utilities 8
Table 4.2: Annual Requirement of Utilities and Cost 9
2.4 Technology 9
2.4.1 Production Process 9
2.4.2 Green Tea Processing 11
2.5 Proposed Location 11
2.5.1 Key Success Factors 11
2.5.2 Strategic Recommendations 11
2.6 Engineering 12
2.6.1 Machinery and Equipment 12
2.7 Machinery Requirement and Details 12
Table 5.1: Machinery and Equipment Requirement and Cost 12
2.7.1 Land, Building and Civil Works 13
2.8 Manpower and Training Requirement 13
2.8.1 Manpower Requirement 13
2.8.2 Training Requirement 13
Table 6.1: Manpower Requirement and Labor Cost 14
2.9 Financial Analysis 14
2.9.1 Total Initial Investment Cost 15
Table 7.1: Initial Investment Cost 15
2.9.2 Production Cost 15
Table 7.2: Annual Production Cost at Full Capacity 16
2.9.3 Financial Evaluation 16

1.0 Background
SOUTH-WESTERN STAR-TEA UGANDA – PROJECT plans to start-up a tea production and processing business in the SOUTH-WESTERN part of Uganda. For a long time, Uganda has been known to be favorable for Tea growing. Tea being an important export product, the Government of Uganda considers it as one key area through which the country’s export earnings could be boosted, and people’s social-economic conditions improved. Uganda is the third leading producer and exporter of tea in Africa (45,000MT) after Kenya (295,000MT) and Malawi (55,000MT) (MAAIF, 2010) but tea produced in Uganda is of a medium quality tea primarily used in blends with premium quality teas, such as those from Kenya.

Tea being an important export product, the Government of Uganda considers it as one key area through which the country’s export earnings could be boosted. During the last decade, Uganda tea exports have been growing steadily by more than 40 percent from 30,477 ton in 2001 to 53,178 ton in 2010. Tea is now the third foreign exchange earner after coffee and fish and is one of the crops under the strategic export program. The tea value chain in Uganda, generally similar to tea value chains in other countries, is characterized by many producers but few downstream players. About 70 per cent of Uganda’s tea is sold through auction in Mombasa, and 20 per cent through direct sales, while the remainder is sold locally. Uganda’s tea export sector remains as open as possible consistent with the country’s liberal trade policy. Uganda has no tea export taxes, charges or levies.

1.1 Opportunity Rationale
In Uganda and most African countries, a morning and evening cup of tea is an essential part of everyday culture. This tradition has existed for many years. Every guest in a home in Uganda is most likely to ask for a cup of tea to relax after a demanding journey. This trend has always created a strong demand for tea in Uganda and made it the world’s third largest importer of tea. In terms of tea consumption, it is the seventh largest country. Even in summer when the weather is extremely hot, tea is drunk twice a day. Tea has dominated the market in both the retail and foodservice channels. Tea is a part of daily life, and rural areas generate the most sales. Rural areas drove sales growth because they consist 66% of the country’s population. Consequently, companies have to focus on rural areas to maintain their market shares. From the review, sales of loose black standard tea are seen to be very dynamic as consumers in rural areas always buy loose black standard tea. Introducing affordable brand in such areas would attract sales. On the other side, in urban areas, offices prefer to use tea bags. Such a market could also be explored with low cost and high product quality. In rural areas and small towns new brands of tea are relatively easy to introduce. The tea sachet packets have seen high sales growth throughout the country and especially in rural areas.

1.2 Market Entry Timing
Oder for a full copy: EMAIL: kasthew@gmail.com

Overview In this paper, the current relationship between universities and industry is presented. ... more Overview
In this paper, the current relationship between universities and industry is presented. This has been through reviewing the historical development of research and development in order to classify the linkages and strengths that emerged between universities and industry. This study examines the linkages and factors influencing relationships between universities and companies and seeks applicable models and ways to improve the linkages among the academia, government, national research institutions and firms in order to enhance innovation and competitiveness in the industry. This paper uses documentary review, with descriptive analysis to investigate the relationship between university and industry. The paper indicates a need for the important players in the knowledge based cluster, have three major schemes to serve the cluster, in collaboration with government, organization/institute and industry. These include; producing graduates highly relevant to the need of related sectors, conducting basic and applied research, and to collaborate with organization/institute and industry to create new technology/innovations. However, there are challenges for the universities to substantially support the cluster which include; universities do not produce highly qualified and industrially relevant graduates, universities do not understand and accommodate the nature of industry, universities do not have sufficient resources, universities are not recognized as a critical player in economy, and universities do not seriously cooperate among themselves and with other related sectors. To paper recommends a need for; universities committing themselves towards collaboration with industry and other players for mutual benefit and industrial growth, understanding the demands and culture of industry, developing niche technology and translating this into patents/licensing, providing consultancy and collaborating with industry and government through an entrepreneurial spirit, supporting business incubation services and spin-offs, enhancing continuity of cooperative and entrepreneurship education, recruiting and developing industrially-experienced and research-active staff and also accommodating competitive facilities for Refresh and Development.
By: Kasujja Mathew, email: kasthew@gmail.com
Senior Research Consultant (Uganda - East Africa)