Maulik Patel - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Maulik Patel

Microscopy and Microanalysis, 2016

ABSTRACT Abstract - Gene is a functional hereditary unit which codes for at least one functional ... more ABSTRACT Abstract - Gene is a functional hereditary unit which codes for at least one functional unit of cell known as Polypeptide/Protein. Proteins are basically made up of 20 different amino acids having different R-groups known as side chains. Physicochemical property of amino acid and ultimately protein depends on the type of the side chain present in amino acid. 3-D structure and biological activity of proteins depend on the physicochemical properties of protein. Numbers of online software/suite are available to analyse the physicochemical properties of proteins. As per our knowledge standalone software to compute reported physicochemical properties are not available. In this paper we represent program ProPhyC: Protein Physicochemical property calculator, developed using Perl programming language which calculates various physicochemical properties of more than one protein in a single run.

In Present work, orally disintegrating tablets of Prochlorperazine maleate were design with a vie... more In Present work, orally disintegrating tablets of Prochlorperazine maleate were design with a view to enhance Patient compliance by direct compression method. In this method sodium starch glycolate, crospovidone and croscarmellose sodium use as superdisintegrant (2-8% w/w) along with microcrystalline cellulose (pH 102), directly compressible lactose (DCL-11) and sodium Saccharin to enhance mouth feel. The prepared batches of tablet were evaluated for hardness, friability, content uniformity, wetting time, water absorption ratio and in vitro dispersion time. Based on in vitro dispersion time (Approximately 21 to 30 s), two promising formulation were tested for in vitro drug release pattern in pH 6.8 phosphate buffer. Among the two promising formulation, the formulation containing 8% sodium starch glycolate and 8% crospovidone emerged as the overall best formulation (t 50% 8-10 min) based on drug release characteristic in pH 6.8 phosphate buffer compared to commercial conventional tab...

Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, 2016

Cell Host & Microbe, 2015

Receptor interacting protein kinase-3 (RIP3) is an essential kinase for necroptotic cell death si... more Receptor interacting protein kinase-3 (RIP3) is an essential kinase for necroptotic cell death signaling and has been implicated in antiviral cell death signaling upon DNA virus infection. Here, we performed high-throughput RNAi screening and identified RIP3 as a positive regulator of coxsackievirus B3 (CVB) replication in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs). RIP3 regulates autophagy, a process utilized by CVB for viral replication factory assembly, and depletion of RIP3 inhibits autophagic flux and leads to the accumulation of autophagosomes and amphisomes. Additionally, later in infection, RIP3 is cleaved by the CVB-encoded cysteine protease 3C(pro), which serves to abrogate RIP3-mediated necrotic signaling and induce a nonnecrotic form of cell death. Taken together, our results show that temporal targeting of RIP3 allows CVB to benefit from its roles in regulating autophagy while inhibiting the induction of necroptotic cell death.

Cureus, 2016

Patient care is of the utmost importance in the hospital setting. Bedrest and immobility during h... more Patient care is of the utmost importance in the hospital setting. Bedrest and immobility during hospitalization, especially in the surgical and intensive care setting, place the patient at high risk for pressure ulcers. It is very important to prevent or notice a pressure ulcer forming due to the significant health care costs involved and patient health associated with them. Various measures are in place to prevent patients from getting pressure ulcers, but a newer material, silicone foam dressings, has been introduced as an alternative solution for the prevention of these ulcers. We review the current literature to examine whether the standard protocol or silicone material is superior to the prevention of pressure ulcer formation. We conclude that silicone foam dressings, when used as prophylactic treatment, seems very promising and may even be superior to the standard care of prevention. However, there were limitations to some studies and further research is needed to confirm the role of silicone foam dressings.

2012 1st International Conference on Emerging Technology Trends in Electronics, Communication & Networking, 2012

ABSTRACT The IEEE802.11p is a draft standard intended to support wireless access in the vehicular... more ABSTRACT The IEEE802.11p is a draft standard intended to support wireless access in the vehicular environment (WAVE). IEEE802.11p offers the connectivity to the highly mobile vehicular network. The IEEE802.11p standard has introduced the multichannel concept but it does not specify the mechanism for channel access and handoff process for V2I (Vehicle-to-Infrastructure) communication. We present handoff process in vehicular communications by adopting IEEE 802.11p based communication systems. This research mainly focuses on reducing the total time taken by handoff and support seamless handoff process for application demanding the real-time services. The proposed scheme reduces the control messages latency and uses the multi-channel operation of IEEE802.11p that has optimized handoff process. The Simulation result shows that the time taken by handoff and delay regarding control message is reduced. Simulation results show best performance of the proposed scheme compared to existing scheme.

Journal of orthopaedic case reports

Giant cell tumor is a locally aggressive benign tumor. Giant cell tumor of bone is characteristic... more Giant cell tumor is a locally aggressive benign tumor. Giant cell tumor of bone is characteristically found in skeletally mature patient at the end of long bones in the epiphyseal region or epiphysio-metaphyseal region. Giant cell tumor is very rare in skeletally immature patient. But we are presenting a very rare case of giant cell tumor in skeletally immature patient in diaphyseal region which is very uncommon location for giant cell tumor. From this case we concluded that irrespective of the location and skeletal maturity, a giant cell tumor should be diagnosed based on its histology because classical clinical-radiological features are not always present. Index case strengthens this view.

Journal of orthopaedic case reports

Pathological bilateral femoral neck fracture due to renal osteodystrophy is rare. This is a repor... more Pathological bilateral femoral neck fracture due to renal osteodystrophy is rare. This is a report of a chronic renal failure patient who had sustained bilateral intra-capsular displaced fracture neck of femur following an episode of convulsion and the difficulties encountered in early diagnosis and treatment. The pathophysiology of renal osteodystrophy and the treatment of hip fractures in patients with renal failure are also discussed. A 23 years old male patient admitted with h/o dysuria, pyuria and loss of appetite since 3 months. He was a known case of chronic renal failure and reflux nephropathy. On investigating, patient's renal parameters were high and he was started with haemodialysis. The next day patient had c/o bilateral hip pain and inability to move bilateral lower limbs following an episode of seizure. Radiograph of pelvis showed vertical sub capital fractures of bilateral neck of femur. In this patient, considering his age, general condition & prognosis, an elect...

The Journal of Invasive Cardiology, 2012

So, what lessons does this article have to offer to interventional cardiologists? To begin with, ... more So, what lessons does this article have to offer to interventional cardiologists? To begin with, it should serve to sensitize us about the high frequency of ISA in clinical practice. Even though there is no hard evidence that identifying and addressing ISA results in tangible ...

The Journal of invasive cardiology, 2012

So, what lessons does this article have to offer to interventional cardiologists? To begin with, ... more So, what lessons does this article have to offer to interventional cardiologists? To begin with, it should serve to sensitize us about the high frequency of ISA in clinical practice. Even though there is no hard evidence that identifying and addressing ISA results in tangible ...

Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 1976

A rapid stability-indicating GLC method is described for the determination of fenclorac as the di... more A rapid stability-indicating GLC method is described for the determination of fenclorac as the diethylamine salt in dosage formulations. The procedure is also applied in detecting and quantitating the weight percent of 3-chloro-4-cyclohexylphenylglycolic acid and alpha-chloro-4-cyclohexylphenylacetic acid impurities associated with the synthesis of the fenclorac drug substance. The former compound, in addition to being an impurity, is also the degradation product of fenclorac. The procedure involves preparations of the silyl derivatives, addition of an internal standard (triphenylethylene), and use of a hydrogen flame-ionization detector. The column, with a phenyl methyl silicone liquid phase and operated at about 195degrees, is well suited for the separation. The silyl derivatives were characterized by GLC-mass spectrometry.

Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 1981

The analysis of aspirin and nonaspirin salicylates in buffered and plain tablet formulations empl... more The analysis of aspirin and nonaspirin salicylates in buffered and plain tablet formulations employing nearly nonaqueous extraction is described. The results obtained compare favorably with those obtained from USP procedures. A simultaneous assay for aspirin and nonaspirin salicylates in buffered tablets involves the use of an acidified chromatographic siliceous earth column for the separation of the aspirin and nonaspirin salicylates from various buffers or antacids. The methods described here have definite advantages over USP XX procedures, and the buffered aspirin tablet procedures also is adaptable to aspirin formulations containing codeine, acetaminophen, propoxyphene, caffeine, and many antihistamines.

Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 1979

A nonsolvolytic (solid-state) acetylation of codeine phosphate in the presence of aspirin to yiel... more A nonsolvolytic (solid-state) acetylation of codeine phosphate in the presence of aspirin to yield acetylcodeine phosphate is reported. GLC assays for the simultaneous determination of aspirin and salicylic acid and codeine and acetylcodeine are described. The apparent heat of activation for codeine phosphate is estimated, and the possible reaction mechanisms are discussed.

Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 1979

Modified USP procedures are described for the simultaneous determination of nonaspirin salicylate... more Modified USP procedures are described for the simultaneous determination of nonaspirin salicylates and aspirin in aspirin and buffered aspirin tablets. The existing USP procedures are not stability indicating for intact aspirin when significant levels of nonaspirin salicylates are present, as is often the case in short-term, high temperature stability programs. The modified procedures yield considerably shorter analysis times and stability-indicating assays for intact aspirin without the need for sophisticated equipment other than that presently required by USP XIX.

Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 1974

The degradation products from acid and base hydrolysis of methaqualone, 2-methyl-3-o-tolyl-4(3H)-... more The degradation products from acid and base hydrolysis of methaqualone, 2-methyl-3-o-tolyl-4(3H)-quinazolinone, were isolated and identified by combined methods using liquidliquid extraction, TLC, GLC, and IR, UV, and visible spectroscopy. Examination of the degradation products resulting from the hydrolysis of methaqualone revealed that, in boiling acidic or basic media, anthranilic acid, o-toluidine, and acetic acid were the major degradation components. The formation of the other degradation products, N-acetylanthranilic acid and 2-arninobenzo-o-toluidide, was acid-base strength dependent. The degradation of methaqualone in basic or acidic media followed different reaction pathways, but the primary decomposition was due t o hydrolytic cleavage. The relationship between the degradation product, 2-aminobenzoo-toluidide, and 2-nitrobenzo-o-toluidide, a metabolite of methaqualone in humans, is discussed.

eLife, Jan 2, 2016

Due to their strict maternal inheritance in most animals and plants, mitochondrial genomes are pr... more Due to their strict maternal inheritance in most animals and plants, mitochondrial genomes are predicted to accumulate mutations that are beneficial or neutral in females but harmful in males. Although a few male-harming mtDNA mutations have been identified, consistent with this 'Mother's Curse', their effect on females has been largely unexplored. Here, we identify COII(G177S), a mtDNA hypomorph of cytochrome oxidase II, which specifically impairs male fertility due to defects in sperm development and function without impairing other male or female functions. COII(G177S) represents one of the clearest examples of a 'male-harming' mtDNA mutation in animals and suggest that the hypomorphic mtDNA mutations like COII(G177S) might specifically impair male gametogenesis. Intriguingly, some D. melanogaster nuclear genetic backgrounds can fully rescue COII(G177S) -associated sterility, consistent with previously proposed models that nuclear genomes can regulate the phen...

Innovative Journal of Medical and Health Science, Oct 13, 2013

Objective: -To validate the Madras Diabetes Research Foundation (MDRF)-Indian Diabetes Risk Score... more Objective: -To validate the Madras Diabetes Research Foundation (MDRF)-Indian Diabetes Risk Score (IDRS) as a screening test for diagnosis of Diabetes mellitus. Method: -The present study was conducted among policemen of the Bhavnagar city, total 260 policemen of 30 or more years of age enrolled for the study (Response rate was 83 %).The fasting and 2 hour postprandial blood glucose test was done for diagnosis of the diabetes and According to American Diabetes Association (2004) criteria subjects was diagnosed as a diabetic, prediabetic (Impaired Fasting Glucose and Impaired Glucose Tolerance) and normoglycemic. Blood glucose test was taken as a "gold standard test" while MDRF-Indian diabetes risk score as a screening test and the sensitivity and specificity of IDRS calculated for various cut off point of an IRDS. To identify optimum cut off point of IDRS for diagnosis of diabetes, Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve was constructed. Result: -We found that the MDRF-IDRS score of ≥ 60 had the best sensitivity (92.5%) and Specificity (62.27%) for detecting diabetes in the study population. Receiver operator characteristic curve shows that IDRS ≥ 60 is the best cut off point for diagnosis of diabetes, for IRDS ≥ 60, area under the ROC curve was 0.838. Conclusion: -The MDRF-Indian diabetes risk score is the highly sensitive and specific, easy to perform and cost effective tool for diagnosis of diabetes.

Arzneimittel-Forschung

The structure elucidation, physical and chemical parameters and hydrolysis kinetics of 1-(2,6-dim... more The structure elucidation, physical and chemical parameters and hydrolysis kinetics of 1-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-3-methylamidinourea hydrochloride (WHR-1142 A, lidamidine hydrochloride), a novel antidiarrheal agent, were determined. The stability of the substance in aqueous solution (pH 1-13) was studied at 50 degrees, 65 degrees and 80 degrees C.

Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 1978

0 The chemical structures of four impurities isolated from sulfasalazine were determined. Three i... more 0 The chemical structures of four impurities isolated from sulfasalazine were determined. Three impurities are the by-products of the reaction process in drug synthesis, i.e., during diazotization of sulfapyridine and during coupling with salicylic acid. Only one contaminant was identified as a starting material, sulfapyridine, in the drug synthesis. The four impurities were characterized as 2-[[p-(2-pyridylsulfamoyl)phenyl]azo]hydroxybenzene (I), 3-[[p-(2-pyridylsulfamoyl)phenyl]azo]salicylic acid ( 1 0 , 5-[[p-[4-(2-pyridylanilino)]-N-phenyl]azo]salicylic acid (1111, and sulfapyridine (IV). Compounds 1-111 are novel molecules, and IV is the precursor of sulfasalazine. The isolation of the impurities was accomplished by TLC and liquid extraction procedures. The methods

Microscopy and Microanalysis, 2016

ABSTRACT Abstract - Gene is a functional hereditary unit which codes for at least one functional ... more ABSTRACT Abstract - Gene is a functional hereditary unit which codes for at least one functional unit of cell known as Polypeptide/Protein. Proteins are basically made up of 20 different amino acids having different R-groups known as side chains. Physicochemical property of amino acid and ultimately protein depends on the type of the side chain present in amino acid. 3-D structure and biological activity of proteins depend on the physicochemical properties of protein. Numbers of online software/suite are available to analyse the physicochemical properties of proteins. As per our knowledge standalone software to compute reported physicochemical properties are not available. In this paper we represent program ProPhyC: Protein Physicochemical property calculator, developed using Perl programming language which calculates various physicochemical properties of more than one protein in a single run.

In Present work, orally disintegrating tablets of Prochlorperazine maleate were design with a vie... more In Present work, orally disintegrating tablets of Prochlorperazine maleate were design with a view to enhance Patient compliance by direct compression method. In this method sodium starch glycolate, crospovidone and croscarmellose sodium use as superdisintegrant (2-8% w/w) along with microcrystalline cellulose (pH 102), directly compressible lactose (DCL-11) and sodium Saccharin to enhance mouth feel. The prepared batches of tablet were evaluated for hardness, friability, content uniformity, wetting time, water absorption ratio and in vitro dispersion time. Based on in vitro dispersion time (Approximately 21 to 30 s), two promising formulation were tested for in vitro drug release pattern in pH 6.8 phosphate buffer. Among the two promising formulation, the formulation containing 8% sodium starch glycolate and 8% crospovidone emerged as the overall best formulation (t 50% 8-10 min) based on drug release characteristic in pH 6.8 phosphate buffer compared to commercial conventional tab...

Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, 2016

Cell Host & Microbe, 2015

Receptor interacting protein kinase-3 (RIP3) is an essential kinase for necroptotic cell death si... more Receptor interacting protein kinase-3 (RIP3) is an essential kinase for necroptotic cell death signaling and has been implicated in antiviral cell death signaling upon DNA virus infection. Here, we performed high-throughput RNAi screening and identified RIP3 as a positive regulator of coxsackievirus B3 (CVB) replication in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs). RIP3 regulates autophagy, a process utilized by CVB for viral replication factory assembly, and depletion of RIP3 inhibits autophagic flux and leads to the accumulation of autophagosomes and amphisomes. Additionally, later in infection, RIP3 is cleaved by the CVB-encoded cysteine protease 3C(pro), which serves to abrogate RIP3-mediated necrotic signaling and induce a nonnecrotic form of cell death. Taken together, our results show that temporal targeting of RIP3 allows CVB to benefit from its roles in regulating autophagy while inhibiting the induction of necroptotic cell death.

Cureus, 2016

Patient care is of the utmost importance in the hospital setting. Bedrest and immobility during h... more Patient care is of the utmost importance in the hospital setting. Bedrest and immobility during hospitalization, especially in the surgical and intensive care setting, place the patient at high risk for pressure ulcers. It is very important to prevent or notice a pressure ulcer forming due to the significant health care costs involved and patient health associated with them. Various measures are in place to prevent patients from getting pressure ulcers, but a newer material, silicone foam dressings, has been introduced as an alternative solution for the prevention of these ulcers. We review the current literature to examine whether the standard protocol or silicone material is superior to the prevention of pressure ulcer formation. We conclude that silicone foam dressings, when used as prophylactic treatment, seems very promising and may even be superior to the standard care of prevention. However, there were limitations to some studies and further research is needed to confirm the role of silicone foam dressings.

2012 1st International Conference on Emerging Technology Trends in Electronics, Communication & Networking, 2012

ABSTRACT The IEEE802.11p is a draft standard intended to support wireless access in the vehicular... more ABSTRACT The IEEE802.11p is a draft standard intended to support wireless access in the vehicular environment (WAVE). IEEE802.11p offers the connectivity to the highly mobile vehicular network. The IEEE802.11p standard has introduced the multichannel concept but it does not specify the mechanism for channel access and handoff process for V2I (Vehicle-to-Infrastructure) communication. We present handoff process in vehicular communications by adopting IEEE 802.11p based communication systems. This research mainly focuses on reducing the total time taken by handoff and support seamless handoff process for application demanding the real-time services. The proposed scheme reduces the control messages latency and uses the multi-channel operation of IEEE802.11p that has optimized handoff process. The Simulation result shows that the time taken by handoff and delay regarding control message is reduced. Simulation results show best performance of the proposed scheme compared to existing scheme.

Journal of orthopaedic case reports

Giant cell tumor is a locally aggressive benign tumor. Giant cell tumor of bone is characteristic... more Giant cell tumor is a locally aggressive benign tumor. Giant cell tumor of bone is characteristically found in skeletally mature patient at the end of long bones in the epiphyseal region or epiphysio-metaphyseal region. Giant cell tumor is very rare in skeletally immature patient. But we are presenting a very rare case of giant cell tumor in skeletally immature patient in diaphyseal region which is very uncommon location for giant cell tumor. From this case we concluded that irrespective of the location and skeletal maturity, a giant cell tumor should be diagnosed based on its histology because classical clinical-radiological features are not always present. Index case strengthens this view.

Journal of orthopaedic case reports

Pathological bilateral femoral neck fracture due to renal osteodystrophy is rare. This is a repor... more Pathological bilateral femoral neck fracture due to renal osteodystrophy is rare. This is a report of a chronic renal failure patient who had sustained bilateral intra-capsular displaced fracture neck of femur following an episode of convulsion and the difficulties encountered in early diagnosis and treatment. The pathophysiology of renal osteodystrophy and the treatment of hip fractures in patients with renal failure are also discussed. A 23 years old male patient admitted with h/o dysuria, pyuria and loss of appetite since 3 months. He was a known case of chronic renal failure and reflux nephropathy. On investigating, patient's renal parameters were high and he was started with haemodialysis. The next day patient had c/o bilateral hip pain and inability to move bilateral lower limbs following an episode of seizure. Radiograph of pelvis showed vertical sub capital fractures of bilateral neck of femur. In this patient, considering his age, general condition & prognosis, an elect...

The Journal of Invasive Cardiology, 2012

So, what lessons does this article have to offer to interventional cardiologists? To begin with, ... more So, what lessons does this article have to offer to interventional cardiologists? To begin with, it should serve to sensitize us about the high frequency of ISA in clinical practice. Even though there is no hard evidence that identifying and addressing ISA results in tangible ...

The Journal of invasive cardiology, 2012

So, what lessons does this article have to offer to interventional cardiologists? To begin with, ... more So, what lessons does this article have to offer to interventional cardiologists? To begin with, it should serve to sensitize us about the high frequency of ISA in clinical practice. Even though there is no hard evidence that identifying and addressing ISA results in tangible ...

Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 1976

A rapid stability-indicating GLC method is described for the determination of fenclorac as the di... more A rapid stability-indicating GLC method is described for the determination of fenclorac as the diethylamine salt in dosage formulations. The procedure is also applied in detecting and quantitating the weight percent of 3-chloro-4-cyclohexylphenylglycolic acid and alpha-chloro-4-cyclohexylphenylacetic acid impurities associated with the synthesis of the fenclorac drug substance. The former compound, in addition to being an impurity, is also the degradation product of fenclorac. The procedure involves preparations of the silyl derivatives, addition of an internal standard (triphenylethylene), and use of a hydrogen flame-ionization detector. The column, with a phenyl methyl silicone liquid phase and operated at about 195degrees, is well suited for the separation. The silyl derivatives were characterized by GLC-mass spectrometry.

Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 1981

The analysis of aspirin and nonaspirin salicylates in buffered and plain tablet formulations empl... more The analysis of aspirin and nonaspirin salicylates in buffered and plain tablet formulations employing nearly nonaqueous extraction is described. The results obtained compare favorably with those obtained from USP procedures. A simultaneous assay for aspirin and nonaspirin salicylates in buffered tablets involves the use of an acidified chromatographic siliceous earth column for the separation of the aspirin and nonaspirin salicylates from various buffers or antacids. The methods described here have definite advantages over USP XX procedures, and the buffered aspirin tablet procedures also is adaptable to aspirin formulations containing codeine, acetaminophen, propoxyphene, caffeine, and many antihistamines.

Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 1979

A nonsolvolytic (solid-state) acetylation of codeine phosphate in the presence of aspirin to yiel... more A nonsolvolytic (solid-state) acetylation of codeine phosphate in the presence of aspirin to yield acetylcodeine phosphate is reported. GLC assays for the simultaneous determination of aspirin and salicylic acid and codeine and acetylcodeine are described. The apparent heat of activation for codeine phosphate is estimated, and the possible reaction mechanisms are discussed.

Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 1979

Modified USP procedures are described for the simultaneous determination of nonaspirin salicylate... more Modified USP procedures are described for the simultaneous determination of nonaspirin salicylates and aspirin in aspirin and buffered aspirin tablets. The existing USP procedures are not stability indicating for intact aspirin when significant levels of nonaspirin salicylates are present, as is often the case in short-term, high temperature stability programs. The modified procedures yield considerably shorter analysis times and stability-indicating assays for intact aspirin without the need for sophisticated equipment other than that presently required by USP XIX.

Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 1974

The degradation products from acid and base hydrolysis of methaqualone, 2-methyl-3-o-tolyl-4(3H)-... more The degradation products from acid and base hydrolysis of methaqualone, 2-methyl-3-o-tolyl-4(3H)-quinazolinone, were isolated and identified by combined methods using liquidliquid extraction, TLC, GLC, and IR, UV, and visible spectroscopy. Examination of the degradation products resulting from the hydrolysis of methaqualone revealed that, in boiling acidic or basic media, anthranilic acid, o-toluidine, and acetic acid were the major degradation components. The formation of the other degradation products, N-acetylanthranilic acid and 2-arninobenzo-o-toluidide, was acid-base strength dependent. The degradation of methaqualone in basic or acidic media followed different reaction pathways, but the primary decomposition was due t o hydrolytic cleavage. The relationship between the degradation product, 2-aminobenzoo-toluidide, and 2-nitrobenzo-o-toluidide, a metabolite of methaqualone in humans, is discussed.

eLife, Jan 2, 2016

Due to their strict maternal inheritance in most animals and plants, mitochondrial genomes are pr... more Due to their strict maternal inheritance in most animals and plants, mitochondrial genomes are predicted to accumulate mutations that are beneficial or neutral in females but harmful in males. Although a few male-harming mtDNA mutations have been identified, consistent with this 'Mother's Curse', their effect on females has been largely unexplored. Here, we identify COII(G177S), a mtDNA hypomorph of cytochrome oxidase II, which specifically impairs male fertility due to defects in sperm development and function without impairing other male or female functions. COII(G177S) represents one of the clearest examples of a 'male-harming' mtDNA mutation in animals and suggest that the hypomorphic mtDNA mutations like COII(G177S) might specifically impair male gametogenesis. Intriguingly, some D. melanogaster nuclear genetic backgrounds can fully rescue COII(G177S) -associated sterility, consistent with previously proposed models that nuclear genomes can regulate the phen...

Innovative Journal of Medical and Health Science, Oct 13, 2013

Objective: -To validate the Madras Diabetes Research Foundation (MDRF)-Indian Diabetes Risk Score... more Objective: -To validate the Madras Diabetes Research Foundation (MDRF)-Indian Diabetes Risk Score (IDRS) as a screening test for diagnosis of Diabetes mellitus. Method: -The present study was conducted among policemen of the Bhavnagar city, total 260 policemen of 30 or more years of age enrolled for the study (Response rate was 83 %).The fasting and 2 hour postprandial blood glucose test was done for diagnosis of the diabetes and According to American Diabetes Association (2004) criteria subjects was diagnosed as a diabetic, prediabetic (Impaired Fasting Glucose and Impaired Glucose Tolerance) and normoglycemic. Blood glucose test was taken as a "gold standard test" while MDRF-Indian diabetes risk score as a screening test and the sensitivity and specificity of IDRS calculated for various cut off point of an IRDS. To identify optimum cut off point of IDRS for diagnosis of diabetes, Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve was constructed. Result: -We found that the MDRF-IDRS score of ≥ 60 had the best sensitivity (92.5%) and Specificity (62.27%) for detecting diabetes in the study population. Receiver operator characteristic curve shows that IDRS ≥ 60 is the best cut off point for diagnosis of diabetes, for IRDS ≥ 60, area under the ROC curve was 0.838. Conclusion: -The MDRF-Indian diabetes risk score is the highly sensitive and specific, easy to perform and cost effective tool for diagnosis of diabetes.

Arzneimittel-Forschung

The structure elucidation, physical and chemical parameters and hydrolysis kinetics of 1-(2,6-dim... more The structure elucidation, physical and chemical parameters and hydrolysis kinetics of 1-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-3-methylamidinourea hydrochloride (WHR-1142 A, lidamidine hydrochloride), a novel antidiarrheal agent, were determined. The stability of the substance in aqueous solution (pH 1-13) was studied at 50 degrees, 65 degrees and 80 degrees C.

Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 1978

0 The chemical structures of four impurities isolated from sulfasalazine were determined. Three i... more 0 The chemical structures of four impurities isolated from sulfasalazine were determined. Three impurities are the by-products of the reaction process in drug synthesis, i.e., during diazotization of sulfapyridine and during coupling with salicylic acid. Only one contaminant was identified as a starting material, sulfapyridine, in the drug synthesis. The four impurities were characterized as 2-[[p-(2-pyridylsulfamoyl)phenyl]azo]hydroxybenzene (I), 3-[[p-(2-pyridylsulfamoyl)phenyl]azo]salicylic acid ( 1 0 , 5-[[p-[4-(2-pyridylanilino)]-N-phenyl]azo]salicylic acid (1111, and sulfapyridine (IV). Compounds 1-111 are novel molecules, and IV is the precursor of sulfasalazine. The isolation of the impurities was accomplished by TLC and liquid extraction procedures. The methods