Maulilio Kipanyula - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Maulilio Kipanyula

Frontiers in Endocrinology

The tumor microenvironment fuels tumorigenesis and induces the development of resistance to antic... more The tumor microenvironment fuels tumorigenesis and induces the development of resistance to anticancer drugs. A growing number of reports support that the tumor microenvironment mediates these deleterious effects partly by overexpressing insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1). IGF-1 is known for its role to support cancer progression and metastasis through the promotion of neovascularization in transforming tissues, and the promotion of the proliferation, maintenance and migration of malignant cells. Anti-IGF therapies showed potent anticancer effects and the ability to suppress cancer resistance to various chemotherapy drugs in in vivo and in vitro preclinical studies. However, high toxicity and resistance to these agents are increasingly being reported in clinical trials. We review data supporting the notion that tumor microenvironment mediates tumorigenesis partly through IGF-1 signaling pathway. We also discuss the therapeutic potential of IGF-1 receptor targeting, with special em...

International Journal of Information Communication Technologies and Human Development, 2016

Rabies has continued to claim human life despite different efforts to controls its transmission c... more Rabies has continued to claim human life despite different efforts to controls its transmission cycles between humans and domestic dogs. New developments in ICT have provided an opportunity for increased possibilities for community involvement in rabies surveillance. The main objective of this study was to investigate on approaches and practices to improve the communication of rabies surveillance information at different levels. Specifically, a study was carried to establish the significance of applying human sensor web system. Human sensor web has a potential of strengthening rabies surveillance system and serves as applied research tools for investigating strategic spatially targeted control activities, identifying areas most at risk and early detection of rabies incursions. Web and mobile based rabies surveillance system was developed and piloted as a support tool for the detection, surveillance and control of rabies. Wide application of the developed system will pave way for eff...

Maximizing Healthcare Delivery and Management through Technology Integration

Rabies is a neurodegerative viral zoonotic disease that affects all warm blooded animals. It is e... more Rabies is a neurodegerative viral zoonotic disease that affects all warm blooded animals. It is estimated that about 99% of human rabies cases are caused by dog bites. High prevalence of rabies has been reported in different parts of Tanzania. The disease has continued to cause public health threat to the communities due to weak passive and active surveillance systems. The data piloted in this study was based on the information gathered from Kilosa district. The geo information collected was used to develop a geospatial based system that can easily show the hotspots of rabies. The use of WEB GIS is likely to strengthen disease surveillance in Kilosa and other Districts of Tanzania. This approach offers a model for sharing both human and animal diseases surveillance information. Adoption of this approach is likely to increase awareness and timely response to rabies incidences.

Small Ruminant Research, 2009

The status of scrapie in Africa is largely unknown. The susceptibility to scrapie and its patholo... more The status of scrapie in Africa is largely unknown. The susceptibility to scrapie and its pathology is determined by amino acid polymorphisms at positions 136 (A/V), 154 (R/H) and 171 (Q/R/H) of the ovine PrP gene (PrP genotype) of the animals. Despite the widely studied PrP gene polymorphisms worldwide, limited data is available on PrP genotypes of sheep from the

Small Ruminant Research, 2008

Susceptibility to scrapie in sheep is largely influenced by four polymorphic amino acid positions... more Susceptibility to scrapie in sheep is largely influenced by four polymorphic amino acid positions of the ovine PrP gene at codons 136, 141, 154 and 171. Genotyping of corresponding DNA polymorphism can be used as a basis for selection decisions. A total of 100 Red Maasai and 79 Black Herd Persian sheep, representative of the widely distributed breeds in Tanzania,

Cellular Signalling, 2014

Fate determination of neural crest cells is an essential step for the development of different cr... more Fate determination of neural crest cells is an essential step for the development of different crest cell derivatives. Peripheral glia development is marked by the choice of the neural crest cells to differentiate along glial lineages. The molecular mechanism underlying fate acquisition is poorly understood. However, recent advances have identified different transcription factors and genes required for the complex instructive signaling process that comprise both local environmental and cell intrinsic cues. Among others, at least the roles of Sox10, Notch, and neuregulin 1 have been documented in both in vivo and in vitro models. Cooperative interactions of such factors appear to be necessary for the switch from multipotent neural crest cells to glial lineage precursors in the peripheral nervous system. This review summarizes recent advances in the understanding of fate determination of neural crest cells into different glia subtypes, together with the potential implications in regenerative medicine.

Cellular Signalling, 2013

Microbial-triggered inflammation protects against pathogens and yet can paradoxically cause consi... more Microbial-triggered inflammation protects against pathogens and yet can paradoxically cause considerable secondary damage to host tissues that can result in tissue fibrosis and carcinogenesis, if persistent. In addition to classical pathogens, gut microbiota bacteria, i.e. a group of mutualistic microorganisms permanently inhabiting the gastrointestinal tract and which plays a key role in digestion, immunity, and cancer prevention, can induce inflammation-associated cancer following the alterations of their microenvironment. Emerging experimental evidence indicates that microbiota members like Escherichia coli and several other genotoxic and mutagenic pathogens can cause DNA damage in various cell types. In addition, the inflammatory response induced by chronic infections with pathogens like the microbiota members Helicobacter spp., which have been associated with liver, colorectal, cervical cancers and lymphoma, for instance, can also trigger carcinogenic processes. A microenvironment including active immune cells releasing high amounts of inflammatory signaling molecules can favor the carcinogenic transformation of host cells. Pivotal molecules released during immune response such as the macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MMIF) and the reactive oxygen and nitrogen species' products superoxide and peroxynitrite, can further damage DNA and cause the accumulation of oncogenic mutations, whereas pro-inflammatory cytokines, adhesion molecules, and growth factors may create a microenvironment promoting neoplastic cell survival and proliferation. Recent findings on the implication of inflammatory signaling pathways in microbial-triggered carcinogenesis as well as the possible role of microbiota modulation in cancer prevention are herein summarized and discussed.

Small Ruminant Research, 2014

Expansion of the aquatic industry and increased preference on white over red meat has resulted in... more Expansion of the aquatic industry and increased preference on white over red meat has resulted into intensification of aquaculture practices. Inland capture fisheries in Africa are also on the increase while marine capture has stagnated over the last 20 years. This has led to unconventional fish farming where by some marine and fresh water fish species are increasingly farmed in fresh and sea waters respectively. Although some fish species can naturally survive on fresh and sea water environments, the transition between the two water bodies requires morphological changes to ensure survival and optimal productivity. Morphological changes take place concurrently, with the physiological adaptations which are critical for survival in the new environment. Artificial hatcheries can simulate environmental conditions which favour such transitions, and therefore proper understanding of the underlying anatomical and physiological changes is crucial. In this paper, we summarize and discuss ava...

International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies, 2016

The advancement of technology has brought low cost mobile phones which are affordable to majority... more The advancement of technology has brought low cost mobile phones which are affordable to majority of livestock keepers and traders in Kilosa District. The Government of Tanzania has developed livestock market information system which offers markets and market information for different livestock products. The system was established to enhance the bargaining power of livestock keepers to traders and middlemen in livestock markets. Thus the ultimate goal of the developed system was to create a platform to link farmers and lenders, as well as farmers and buyers. Despite the potential of the developed system, few livestock keepers are using it. This study was designed to evaluate the usability of the livestock market information system as well as the causes of its limited use. The Software Usability Measurement Inventory approach for usability was used during system evaluation to gauge user’s satisfaction. The results indicate that development of the livestock market information system w...

Tanzania journal of health research, 2016

Streptococcal pharyngitis continues to be one of the most common childhood illnesses throughout t... more Streptococcal pharyngitis continues to be one of the most common childhood illnesses throughout the world. Recent evidence indicates an increased incidence of group A Streptococcal (GAS) infections, which is a significant cause of mortality and morbidity on the global scale. The objective of this study was to determine prevalence of group A Streptococcus infection among primary schoolchildren in Mbulu district, northern Tanzania. This study was carried out in five primary schools, namely Mangisha, Gunyoda, Kainam, Hyloto and Tsaayo. GAS pharyngitis was diagnosed clinically and confirmed by laboratory investigation using a rapid test. A total of 320 study participants were recruited in the study. Overall, more than half (53.8%) of the children were females. The overall prevalence of Group a Streptococcal infection was 6.9% (95%CI [4.4-10.2]). The highest frequency of GAS infection was observed among children at Hyloto primary school (14.3%) while, none of the children in Tsaayo had...

International Journal of Digital Library Services IJODLS | Geetanjali Research Publication 19 Vol... more International Journal of Digital Library Services IJODLS | Geetanjali Research Publication 19 Vol. 6, July – Sept. 2016, Issue - 3

Tanzania Veterinary Journal, 2015

Methyl-2-benzimidazole (carbendazim) is widely used fungicide in the field and post-harvest crop... more Methyl-2-benzimidazole (carbendazim) is widely used fungicide in the field and post-harvest crops for control of fungal diseases. It inhibits microtubule assembly by binding to the β-tubulin sub-unit of the microtubule. This study was carried out to assess the effect of carbendazim on haematological parameters in the Japanese quails. Carbendazim in sunflower oil was administered orally to mature Japanese quails at dosages of 0 mg/kg (control), 25mg/kg, 100mg/kg, 400mg/kg and 800mg/kg. Blood samples were analysed for total plasma protein, total red blood cell count (RCC), haemoglobin concentration (Hb), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), haematocrit (PCV), total white cell count (WCC) and differential white cell count. Carbendazim generally decreased the mean values of total plasma protein, RCC, WCC, as well as differential white cell count. In addition, carbendazim significantly decreased mean...

The World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) provides the requirements needed for graduating ve... more The World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) provides the requirements needed for graduating veterinary professionals to be competent in the delivery of animal health services. However, significant differences in veterinary curricula across countries-attributable to differing animal health priorities and predominant types of veterinary practice-provide a challenge for veterinary schools to address these competencies adequately. As part of the OIE's veterinary education establishment Twinning Project activities, the College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (CVMBS) of Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA) in Tanzania undertook a curriculum mapping and gap analysis to assess the extent to which the veterinary curriculum addresses OIE's 'Day 1 Competencies' for graduating veterinarians. Results of the analysis indicated that all the OIE's Day 1 Competencies (general, specific, and advanced) are addressed to some degree by the courses present in the ...

BioMed Research International

Stereology is a quantitative and comparative method that utilizes planes, lines, and points for t... more Stereology is a quantitative and comparative method that utilizes planes, lines, and points for the estimation of three-dimensional parameters in morphological studies. It primarily focuses on geometrical features of objects such as number, density, length, area, and volume. A scientometric study was conducted to analyze global research trends in application of stereology in biomedical research. Stereology has gained wide application resulting into design-based stereological methods. Data for this study were retrieved from the SCOPUS database. At least 5,732 publications employing stereology as analytical tool were produced in a period of 50 years between 1966 and 2016. Half (2,858; 49.87%) of these publications were produced in the last 12 years from 2005 to 2016. The relative growth rate (RGR) of publications decreased from 1967 (0.69) to 2016 (0.03) whereas the doubling time (DT) increased from 1.00 to 20.56 in the same period. A great majority (5,332; 93.02%) of the publications...

Journal of Veterinary Medical Education

This collaborative partnership aimed to enhance the quality of veterinary education at both Sokoi... more This collaborative partnership aimed to enhance the quality of veterinary education at both Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA), College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (Tanzania), and Kansas State University (KSU), College of Veterinary Medicine (United States), by facilitating exchange of knowledge, experience, and ideas. One project objective was to integrate the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) Guidelines on Veterinary Education Core Curriculum into the SUA education program so veterinary graduates would be equipped with the minimum competencies needed to support their National Veterinary Services (OIE Day One Competencies). Curriculum mapping revealed that partners addressed different OIE Day One Competencies to varying degrees and they had complementary strengths and weaknesses. The partners' practical and educational experiences were also complementary, providing each opportunities to learn from the other and a solid basis for long-term mutually beneficial collaboration. Through structured exchanges, the collaboration allowed SUA and KSU students and faculty to broaden their perspectives by exposing them to veterinary medicine, culture, ecosystems, teaching environments, and farming systems in each other's country. Visiting faculties and students from both universities were exposed to different livestock systems, varying dynamics at the human-livestock-wildlife interface, different teaching systems, and a veterinary profession with a different culture and focus than that in their own country. Students and faculty learned about the relative social and economic importance of different types of animal production in each country and their influence on veterinary education priorities. Partnership outcomes include a continuing professional development course at SUA for private and public sector veterinarians and a clinical club to expose students at both colleges to a broader range of clinical cases and knowledge.

Advances in Logistics, Operations, and Management Science, 2019

Crowdsourcing can be viewed as a positive catalyst for effective results in many sectors of the e... more Crowdsourcing can be viewed as a positive catalyst for effective results in many sectors of the economy including business, governance, agriculture, and health to name a few because it provides unlimited opportunities to people to share information among societies around the world. Despite some considerable efforts to adopt this concept in Tanzania, less has been done on its implementation in monitoring and evaluation of projects. This chapter proposes the development of a crowdsourcing platform as an essential step towards combating corruption, misuse, and embezzlement of funds. The developed crowdsourcing platform for monitoring and evaluation

Journal of Rare Diseases Research & Treatment

The CD4 T-cell count is an important laboratory indicator of the immune status in patients with H... more The CD4 T-cell count is an important laboratory indicator of the immune status in patients with HIV/AIDS. It is used in decision making to determine when antiretroviral therapy and a need of prophylaxis for opportunistic infections should be initiated. This study was carried out to assess the contribution of donor funded projects to the wellbeing of people living with HIV/AIDS as measured by improvement of CD4 count. A total of 120 respondents were randomly selected from Morogoro urban and Kilombero district, Tanzania. Based on panel data, individual observations were made four times across time and there were a total of 480 observations. The home based care TUNAJALI project provided various interventions including medical care and psychological support with the purpose of improving the health status of people living with HIV/AIDS. The effect of home based care TUNAJALI services was the only predictor of health status of people living with HIV/AIDS that was measured as an improvement of CD4 count over time. The average CD4 count before, one year, two years of home based care, and during the study were: 193.86; 258.83 (25.1%); 375.72 (31.2%); 487.57 respectively. A positive relationship was observed between home based care services and well-being. The findings from the present study show that the home based care positively improved the well-being of HIV/AIDS patients in the studied population. Improved wellbeing also improved CD4 count in patients.

Journal of Animal Breeding and Genomics

Bovine Lymphocyte Antigen (BoLA) genes play important roles in resistance or susceptibility of ca... more Bovine Lymphocyte Antigen (BoLA) genes play important roles in resistance or susceptibility of cattle to infectious diseases. The BoLA gene comprises of several loci including the most polymorphic site namely DRB 3.2. We amplified 200 DNA samples and sequenced 270 bp comprising exon 2 of BoLA-DRB 3.2 in four strains of Tanzania shorthorn zebu (TSZ) cattle (Tarime, Sukuma, Maasai, Singida white) and one breed, namely Friesian. Sequences were processed on Finch TV, aligned on Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) online, and matched to amino acids using MEGA 6. Frequency of each allele was computed as proportion of total alleles in each population. Chi-square was used to test significance in allele frequencies. Heterozygosities were computed using Poptree 2. Putative evolutionary relationships were evaluated by Nei genetic distances. Thirty four alleles were determined, of which nine alleles are novel. The greatest number of alleles was determined in Tarime and Singida white and the lowest in Friesian. Heterozygosities were high within the animals. Phylogenetic tree showed two major clusters one for TSZ and a second for Friesian. Polymorphism at DRB 3.2 in TSZ could be one explanation for their ability to withstand various diseases and we recommend further evaluations in the breed.