Maurice Asuquo - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Maurice Asuquo

PubMed, Nov 16, 2009

Background: In North America and Europe, 80% of invasive skin cancers are basal cell carcinoma wh... more Background: In North America and Europe, 80% of invasive skin cancers are basal cell carcinoma while 20% are squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). In contrast, African studies reveal a preponderance of SCC. Risk factors are grouped into solar and nonsolar. Oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) is a known risk factor for skin cancer in Africans. Their contributions vary with race and geographic region. This study sought to evaluate the pattern, risk factors, and outcome of management of this lesion in our setting. Method: All the patients with histologic diagnosis of SCC between January 2006 and December 2007 were prospectively studied as part of the wider study of skin cancers. Results: The 19 patients (12 males and 7 females) whose ages ranged between 16 and 70 years (mean = 46.2 years) accounted for 51.4% of skin malignancies. Marjolin's ulcers were recorded in 12 patients (63.2%) while 7 patients (36.8%) were non-Marjolin's including 2 OCA patients. The limb was the commonest site involved (57.9%). The outcomes were poor in some cases because of late presentation after topical treatment. Conclusion: Chronic ulcers, inflammation, and albinism were identified predisposing factors. Public health education on prevention, early presentation, and surgical evaluation of chronic ulcers would improve outcome.

International Journal of Dermatology, Nov 1, 2012

Ré sumé Les cancers cutané s constituent les formes de cancer les plus fré quentes. L'exposition ... more Ré sumé Les cancers cutané s constituent les formes de cancer les plus fré quentes. L'exposition au soleil constitue le risque majeur chez les personnes à la peau blanche, alors que des facteurs non solaires semblent constituer le risque principal chez les personnes ayant une pigmentation de peau foncé e. Mé thodes Nous avons examiné 162 patients ayant reçu un diagnostic histologique de cancer cutané , qui ont consulté à l'Hô pital universitaire de Calabar, à Calabar, entre janvier 2000 et dé cembre 2009. Ré sultats Les 162 cas de patients observé s durant cette é tude repré sentent 12% de tous les cancers diagnostiqué s pendant la mê me pé riode. Le carcinome é pidermoïde (SCC) é tait le plus courant (n = 62; 38.3%), suivi du sarcome de Kaposi (KS) (n = 33; 30.9%). Les autres cancers cutané s diagnostiqué s pendant cette pé riode é taient le mé lanome malin (MM; n = 16; 9.9%), le dermatofibrosarcome protubé rant (DFSP ; n = 11; 6.8%), le carcinome basocellulaire (BCC ; n = 8; 4.9%). Le membre infé rieur é tait le site le plus fréquemment affecté (n = 82; 48.8%) alors que la tê te et le cou se plaçaient en deuxiè me position (n = 32; 22.0%). 146 (90%) des patients avaient une pigmentation de peau foncé e et 16 (10%) patients é taient albinos. Certains patients atteints de SCC et de MM ont consulté tardivement en vue de recevoir une intervention chirurgicale curative. La chirurgie a entraîné une gué rison chez les patients atteints de BCC alors que le taux ré current de DFSP é tait é levé. Le KS endé mique a ré pondu à la chimiothé rapie cytotoxique, mais le ré sultat é tait mé diocre pour le KS associé à l'infection par le virus de l'immunodé ficience humaine (VIH). Conclusion La distribution des cancers cutané s ré vé lé e lors de cette é tude est distincte de celle des cancers de la peau europé ens. L'é ducation en matiè re de santé , la mise en oeuvre pré coce de mesures de pré vention, la consultation pré coce et le traitement dans les premiers stades de la maladie sont autant de mesures qui permettront d'amé liorer les ré sultats thé rapeutiques dans notre ré gion.

Annals of African Medicine, 2008

Background/objective: Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is now the most frequently reported malignant skin tumo... more Background/objective: Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is now the most frequently reported malignant skin tumour in some areas of Africa and was endemic in Africa before the advent of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The prevalence has increased with the emergence of HIV infection. The objective of this report is to describe the frequency, current clinical pattern, and anatomic distribution of KS in Calabar, southeastern Nigeria and compare this with total malignant skin tumour. Method: All the patients with histologic diagnosis of KS presenting to the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital from January 2005 and December 2006 were analyzed as part of the wider study of malignant skin tumorus. Diagnosis of HIV was based upon enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Results: In our study, there were 11 patients (7 males and 4 females), with a male: female ratio of 1.75: 1. This was the commonest malignant skin tumor (38%) followed by squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (34.5%) and the age ranged from 21-60 years (mean 42.9years). Nine patients (81.8%) were HIV positive including the 4 females (age ranged from 21-45 years) and 2(18.2%) HIV negative, aged 59 and 60years. The lower limb was the commonest site (50%). Atypical lesions involved the eyelids/ nose and penis. Conclusion: KS is now the commonest malignant skin tumour in our region with the HIV related KS as the commonest clinical type. Successful prevention and treatment of HIV infection would reduce the prevalence of this tumour.

Journal of Clinical & Experimental Oncology, 2012

Skin malignancies are among the most common form of cancer. Dark-skinned individuals of African d... more Skin malignancies are among the most common form of cancer. Dark-skinned individuals of African descent are far less likely than fair-skinned individuals to develop skin cancer. Significant differences in the pattern of skin malignancy have also been observed in different regions of the world. The pattern of skin cancer in sub-Saharan Africa shows a sharp contrast to that seen in Caucasians populations. Effective policies on public education and implementation of preventive and therapeutic strategies should be developed based on evidence of research in various regions and not on adapted models as risk factors vary among Caucasians in Europe, North America, and Australia compared to the darkly pigmented in Africa [1].

Journal of Advances in Microbiology, 2019

Aim: This study evaluated the Multi-drug resistance (MDR) pattern of Staphylococcus aureus from a... more Aim: This study evaluated the Multi-drug resistance (MDR) pattern of Staphylococcus aureus from a paediatric ward and was conducted using standard clinical microbiological procedures. Location and Duration of Study: The study was carried out on infant samples collected from the Paediatric ward, General Hospital, Ikot-Ekpaw, Mkpat Enin LGA, Akwa-Ibom State, Nigeria, over three (3) months period. Design of Study: Hundred swab-samples were inoculated on Mannitol salt agar. Positive growths were further biochemically confirmed for Staphylococcus aureus. Confirmed isolates were then used for MDR evaluation. Results and Interpretation: Of the 100 samples from skin, wound, ear, throat and nose swabs, 28 isolates were confirmed as S. aureus and were subjected to a range of selected commercially available antibiotics like: Amoxicillin, ampiclox, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, gentamicin, levofloxacin, norfloxacin, rifampicin and streptomycin, to evaluate their susceptibilitie...

Nigerian Journal of Surgical Sciences, Sep 22, 2006

Calabar a fast developing urban town renowned for its low crime rate and cleanliness, is witnessi... more Calabar a fast developing urban town renowned for its low crime rate and cleanliness, is witnessing an upsurge in violence which could be counter productive to its development especially in tourism. We undertook this study to evaluate the patern of injury and proffer solutions. Patients operated for peneratrating abdominal trauma from January 2000 – December 2004 were retrospectively studied and compared with the period June 1994. It is concluded that there is an increasing wave of violence with gun being the commonest offending agent. Curbing illegal possession of firearms and use of other offensive weapons, prevention of armed robbery, cult activities, communal/religious crisis and political thuggery by education is advocated. Nigerian Journal of Surgical Sciences Vol. 15(2) 2005: 47-51

Archives of Clinical Microbiology, 2020

The evaluation of the Multi-drug resistance pattern of Staphylococcus aureus from a pediatric war... more The evaluation of the Multi-drug resistance pattern of Staphylococcus aureus from a pediatric ward, in Akwa-Ibom State was conducted using standard clinical microbiological procedures. Of the 100 samples from skin, wound, ear, throat and nose swabs, 28 isolates were confirmed as S. aureus and were subjected to a range of selected commercially available antibiotics like: amoxicillin, ampiclox, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, gentamicin, levofloxacin, norfloxacin, rifampicin and streptomycin, to evaluate their susceptibilities. The wound swabs gave the highest isolate percentage yield (32%) followed by skin swabs (29%). While susceptibility results showed that amoxicillin and ampiclox were more resisted by the isolates, while ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin and norfloxacin were more effective against the isolates. The MAR indices showed that 85.7% of the isolates had confirmed multi-drug resistance status, with 60.7% of the isolates having resistance for between four or more the tested antimicrobials. MAR indices revealed that 96.4% of the isolates had 0.3, indicating that the resistance resulted from isolates that adapted to the tested drugs due to some form of abuse. Restricted use of these drugs would help curtail the high resistance currently experienced amongst microorganisms.

ePlasty, Sep 16, 2008

Background: Lightning injuries are relatively uncommon and have been a subject of awe since primi... more Background: Lightning injuries are relatively uncommon and have been a subject of awe since primitive times. It most significantly affects the cardiorespiratory, nervous, and integumentary systems. Surprisingly, cutaneous burn injuries caused by lightning are usually superficial. Objective: To present the cutaneous manifestations of lightning injuries and the sequelae of improper management. Case report: A 22-year-old woman presented with cutaneous manifestations of lightning-induced burns and bilateral upper limb gangrene after 2 months of improper treatment. She refused amputation after counseling and left the hospital. Conclusion: This is a rare case of burns with cutaneous manifestations peculiar to lightning injury. These features serve as evidence of lightning injury, when in doubt, especially in societies where superstition is rife. Education concerning the nature of lightning and proper management would improve outcome.

International Journal of Dermatology, Apr 19, 2012

Journal of International Medical Research

The formation of stone in the ductal system of the salivary gland is termed sialolithiasis, with ... more The formation of stone in the ductal system of the salivary gland is termed sialolithiasis, with the submandibular gland being the most commonly affected. The precise aetiology is unknown but certain factors peculiar to the submandibular gland accounts for its likelihood of developing a calculous disease. Stones are classified based on their dimension, and may be silent or present with symptoms attributable to the size, location and complications. Here, a 50-year-old female who presented with a painless swelling in the left submandibular region that had grown slowly over the previous year, is reported. Following clinical and radiologic evaluation, left submandibular stone disease was preoperatively diagnosed. The patient underwent sialoadenectomy with transient palsy of the marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve. Histopathology confirmed sialolith (2.7 cm) with severe squamous metaplasia of the duct. This presentation demonstrates some peculiar features attributable to the s...

Nigerian quarterly journal of hospital medicine, 2019

Background: Evaluation of a palpable breast mass requires a systematic approach to the history, p... more Background: Evaluation of a palpable breast mass requires a systematic approach to the history, physical examination, and radiographic imaging studies to ensure a correct diagnosis. Palpable breast masses are common and usually benign, but efficient evaluation and prompt diagnosis are necessary to rule out malignancy. A thorough clinical breast examination, imaging, and tissue sampling are needed for a definitive diagnosis.Aim: To study the distribution and pattern of breast masses in secondary health facility in Lagos.Method: This study was carried out in two hospitals in Lagos over a period of 5 years January 2010 to December2014. The hospitals are General Hospital, Ikorudu and General Hospital, Orile-Agege. All patients with palpable breast masses were evaluated with history, physical examination, ultrasonography, mammography, Fine Needle Aspiration cytology (FNAC) and/or trucut biopsy in cases that required such investigation. Excisional Biopsy was done for benign masses and histology was obtained in all cases.Results: In this study 193 patients were seen with different types of breast masses. Histological diagnosis was obtained for all cases. The age range was 10years to 70years. Fibroadenoma was the most common diagnoses accounting for 126 (65.28%) of all cases, breast cancers accounted for 49 (25.38), cystosarcomaphyloides and fibrocystic diseases accounted for 5 patients (2.6%) each respectively, breast lipoma accounted for 3 (1.6%) while breast abscesses and ductal papillomas accounted for 2 (1%) each respectively. Tubular adenoma accounted for 1(0.5%).Conclusion: Fibroadenoma and breast cancinoma are the most common breast masses seen. Hence histological evaluation is very important. Key words Pattern, Distribution, Breast masse

Mary Slessor Journal of Medicine, 2008

Nigerian journal of clinical practice, 2008

BACKGROUND Burn injuries are a common presentation in Nigerian hospitals and result from a variet... more BACKGROUND Burn injuries are a common presentation in Nigerian hospitals and result from a variety of causes. Recently, many have resulted from Petroleum related fire incidents. High voltage electrical injuries are relatively rare; lightning strikes even rarer. In traditional societies where Traditional medicine practitioners are usually the first to be contacted and where late presentation to hospitals is the rule, complications such as the wet gangrene necessitating amputation are common. Even when patients present relatively early and are resuscitated and treated, complete prosthetic rehabilitation is difficult because of poverty and lack of social support systems. CASE REPORT This review presents three cases of high voltage electrical burns resulting from typical 11KVA burns as well as lightning strike. It also highlights the role of prompt presentation in a health facility with appropriate resuscitation in determining good treatment outcomes.

The Central African journal of medicine

Salivary gland tumours (SGT'S) are uncommon. The minor glands are dispersed throughout the up... more Salivary gland tumours (SGT'S) are uncommon. The minor glands are dispersed throughout the upper aerodigestive submucosa including the lip. To present two case reports of salivary gland tumour of the upper lip and highlight its diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. A 50-year-old female farmer presented with a two year history of swelling of the upper lip and the histology revealed a pleomorphic adenoma of the minor salivary gland. She was offered a wide excision which resulted in a huge upper lip defect managed by a two staged lip switch ABBE flap. The second patient, a 40-year-old female teacher presented with a 10 year history of a left sided upper lip swelling. Histology revealed pleomorphic adenoma. She was offered an excision with no evidence of recurrence after 26 months of follow up. Salivary gland tumours should be considered as a differential diagnosis of tumours of the lip: Early presentation is advocated as late presentation with advanced tumour presents diagnostic a...

Nigerian journal of clinical practice, 2008

Liver abscesses occur in both the developed and developing countries. Up to the time of this stud... more Liver abscesses occur in both the developed and developing countries. Up to the time of this study lever abscesses in our centre were drained with open laparotomy, because of the lack of standard equipment for percutaneous drainage. We present a preliminary report of six cases of liver abscesses drained percutaneously using the 'UNICAL' closed drainage system. Six patients all males aged 23 54 years were treated for liver abscesses using the 'UNICAL' drain (a locally devised active drain system), under ultrasound guidance. Five of the patients had amoebic abscesses, all located in the right hepatic lobe. The sixth patient had multiple pyogenic abscesses involving both hepatic lobes. The six patients had pre and post-drainage antimicrobial therapy for a total of two weeks. One patient, who was a diabetic, had a recollection of pus within a week after the initial drainage. He was redrained with the same device with complete cure. Full blood count and liver function tes...

Eplasty, Jan 21, 2008

Burn injuries are among the most devastating injuries seen in the emergency units. The epidemiolo... more Burn injuries are among the most devastating injuries seen in the emergency units. The epidemiology of this injury varies from one part of the world to another. This is a 3-year report in an attempt to provide information on the current epidemiology of burns in this center. Patients admitted into the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, with burn injuries were prospectively studied between February 2005 and January 2008. The 59 patients (33 males and 26 females) accounted for 3.7% of trauma patients and their ages ranged from 15 to 70 years (mean 29.4 years). Flame burn was the commonest injury seen in 48 (81.3%) patients because of petrol and kerosene, whereas chemical burn that involved 7 (11.9%) patients ranked second. Morbidity included burns wound infection in 13 (22%) patients and contractures in 6 (10.2%) patients. The outcome was fatal in 15 (25.4%) patients. The establishment of burn support groups dedicated to publicity on prevention based on areas of risk highlighted ...

Journal Africain du Cancer / African Journal of Cancer, 2014

Kaposi sarcoma is a malignant vascular tumour of multifocal origin from undifferentiated vasoform... more Kaposi sarcoma is a malignant vascular tumour of multifocal origin from undifferentiated vasoformative spindle cell. It presents frequently as cutaneous lesions, and musculoskeletal involvement is rare. Presented is a 52-year-old male farmer with inability to walk and pain of two months duration with cutaneous lesion noticed 3 years prior to presentation. Clinical, radiological and histopathological evaluation revealed cutaneous Kaposi sarcoma with a rare complication of pathological fracture of the left tibia and fibula with dystrophic calcification of the adjoining soft tissue. He had cytotoxic chemotherapy with poor outcome in cutaneous and skeletal lesions. Kaposi sarcoma if neglected presents with significant morbidity. Health promotion on early presentation and diagnosis are recommended for improved outcome. Keywords Endemic Kaposi sarcoma • Pathological fracture Résumé Le sarcome de Kaposi désigne une tumeur vasculaire maligne d'origine multiple située sur une cellule fusiforme vasoformative indifférenciée. Il se présente fréquemment sous forme de lésions cutanées, et les répercussions musculosquelettiques sont rares. Un fermier de 52 ans se trouvait dans l'incapacité de marcher et ressentait des douleurs depuis deux mois ; des lésions cutanées étaient apparues trois ans plus tôt. Les analyses cliniques, radiologiques et histopathologiques ont révélé un sarcome cutané de Kaposi associé à une rare complication d'une fracture pathologique du tibia et du péroné gauches présentant une calcifi-cation dystrophique des tissus mous adjacents. La chimiothérapie cytotoxique administrée n'a eu que de faibles résultats sur les lésions cutanées et squelettiques. Le sarcome de Kaposi, lorsqu'il est négligé, présente un taux de morbidité élevé. Il est recommandé de procéder à une promotion de la santé lors d'une présentation et d'un diagnostic précoces afin d'améliorer le pronostic.

West African Journal of Medicine, 2007

Nigerian Journal of Surgical Sciences, 2008

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary malignancy of the liver, among indigeno... more Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary malignancy of the liver, among indigenous inhabitants of Africa and it may present as solitary or multiple lesions often running a rapidly fatal course. Presented is a case of a 25 year female in apparent general good health with a giant solitary hepatocellular carcinoma. HCC should be considered in the diagnosis of a right upper quadrant/epigastric mass even when it assumes a gigantic proportion in an apparently healthy patient. Keywords : Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Giant, Solitary Tumour. Nigerian Journal of Surgical Sciences Vol. 17 (2) 2007: pp. 125-128

Case Reports in Clinical Medicine, 2013

Chronic peripheral lymphadenopathy in adults is an indication of pathology of which tuberculosis ... more Chronic peripheral lymphadenopathy in adults is an indication of pathology of which tuberculosis is the commonest in the developing countries. Presented is a 36-year-old with a huge chronic Submental lymphadenopathy in a seronegative patient of 7 years duration. Histology revealed non-caseating tuberculosis. Tuberculosis should be considered in Submental lymphadenopathy. Despite the long duration, the absence of cold abscess, and or sinus formation may be an indication of the non-caseating tuberculous lymphadenopathy.

PubMed, Nov 16, 2009

Background: In North America and Europe, 80% of invasive skin cancers are basal cell carcinoma wh... more Background: In North America and Europe, 80% of invasive skin cancers are basal cell carcinoma while 20% are squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). In contrast, African studies reveal a preponderance of SCC. Risk factors are grouped into solar and nonsolar. Oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) is a known risk factor for skin cancer in Africans. Their contributions vary with race and geographic region. This study sought to evaluate the pattern, risk factors, and outcome of management of this lesion in our setting. Method: All the patients with histologic diagnosis of SCC between January 2006 and December 2007 were prospectively studied as part of the wider study of skin cancers. Results: The 19 patients (12 males and 7 females) whose ages ranged between 16 and 70 years (mean = 46.2 years) accounted for 51.4% of skin malignancies. Marjolin's ulcers were recorded in 12 patients (63.2%) while 7 patients (36.8%) were non-Marjolin's including 2 OCA patients. The limb was the commonest site involved (57.9%). The outcomes were poor in some cases because of late presentation after topical treatment. Conclusion: Chronic ulcers, inflammation, and albinism were identified predisposing factors. Public health education on prevention, early presentation, and surgical evaluation of chronic ulcers would improve outcome.

International Journal of Dermatology, Nov 1, 2012

Ré sumé Les cancers cutané s constituent les formes de cancer les plus fré quentes. L'exposition ... more Ré sumé Les cancers cutané s constituent les formes de cancer les plus fré quentes. L'exposition au soleil constitue le risque majeur chez les personnes à la peau blanche, alors que des facteurs non solaires semblent constituer le risque principal chez les personnes ayant une pigmentation de peau foncé e. Mé thodes Nous avons examiné 162 patients ayant reçu un diagnostic histologique de cancer cutané , qui ont consulté à l'Hô pital universitaire de Calabar, à Calabar, entre janvier 2000 et dé cembre 2009. Ré sultats Les 162 cas de patients observé s durant cette é tude repré sentent 12% de tous les cancers diagnostiqué s pendant la mê me pé riode. Le carcinome é pidermoïde (SCC) é tait le plus courant (n = 62; 38.3%), suivi du sarcome de Kaposi (KS) (n = 33; 30.9%). Les autres cancers cutané s diagnostiqué s pendant cette pé riode é taient le mé lanome malin (MM; n = 16; 9.9%), le dermatofibrosarcome protubé rant (DFSP ; n = 11; 6.8%), le carcinome basocellulaire (BCC ; n = 8; 4.9%). Le membre infé rieur é tait le site le plus fréquemment affecté (n = 82; 48.8%) alors que la tê te et le cou se plaçaient en deuxiè me position (n = 32; 22.0%). 146 (90%) des patients avaient une pigmentation de peau foncé e et 16 (10%) patients é taient albinos. Certains patients atteints de SCC et de MM ont consulté tardivement en vue de recevoir une intervention chirurgicale curative. La chirurgie a entraîné une gué rison chez les patients atteints de BCC alors que le taux ré current de DFSP é tait é levé. Le KS endé mique a ré pondu à la chimiothé rapie cytotoxique, mais le ré sultat é tait mé diocre pour le KS associé à l'infection par le virus de l'immunodé ficience humaine (VIH). Conclusion La distribution des cancers cutané s ré vé lé e lors de cette é tude est distincte de celle des cancers de la peau europé ens. L'é ducation en matiè re de santé , la mise en oeuvre pré coce de mesures de pré vention, la consultation pré coce et le traitement dans les premiers stades de la maladie sont autant de mesures qui permettront d'amé liorer les ré sultats thé rapeutiques dans notre ré gion.

Annals of African Medicine, 2008

Background/objective: Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is now the most frequently reported malignant skin tumo... more Background/objective: Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is now the most frequently reported malignant skin tumour in some areas of Africa and was endemic in Africa before the advent of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The prevalence has increased with the emergence of HIV infection. The objective of this report is to describe the frequency, current clinical pattern, and anatomic distribution of KS in Calabar, southeastern Nigeria and compare this with total malignant skin tumour. Method: All the patients with histologic diagnosis of KS presenting to the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital from January 2005 and December 2006 were analyzed as part of the wider study of malignant skin tumorus. Diagnosis of HIV was based upon enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Results: In our study, there were 11 patients (7 males and 4 females), with a male: female ratio of 1.75: 1. This was the commonest malignant skin tumor (38%) followed by squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (34.5%) and the age ranged from 21-60 years (mean 42.9years). Nine patients (81.8%) were HIV positive including the 4 females (age ranged from 21-45 years) and 2(18.2%) HIV negative, aged 59 and 60years. The lower limb was the commonest site (50%). Atypical lesions involved the eyelids/ nose and penis. Conclusion: KS is now the commonest malignant skin tumour in our region with the HIV related KS as the commonest clinical type. Successful prevention and treatment of HIV infection would reduce the prevalence of this tumour.

Journal of Clinical & Experimental Oncology, 2012

Skin malignancies are among the most common form of cancer. Dark-skinned individuals of African d... more Skin malignancies are among the most common form of cancer. Dark-skinned individuals of African descent are far less likely than fair-skinned individuals to develop skin cancer. Significant differences in the pattern of skin malignancy have also been observed in different regions of the world. The pattern of skin cancer in sub-Saharan Africa shows a sharp contrast to that seen in Caucasians populations. Effective policies on public education and implementation of preventive and therapeutic strategies should be developed based on evidence of research in various regions and not on adapted models as risk factors vary among Caucasians in Europe, North America, and Australia compared to the darkly pigmented in Africa [1].

Journal of Advances in Microbiology, 2019

Aim: This study evaluated the Multi-drug resistance (MDR) pattern of Staphylococcus aureus from a... more Aim: This study evaluated the Multi-drug resistance (MDR) pattern of Staphylococcus aureus from a paediatric ward and was conducted using standard clinical microbiological procedures. Location and Duration of Study: The study was carried out on infant samples collected from the Paediatric ward, General Hospital, Ikot-Ekpaw, Mkpat Enin LGA, Akwa-Ibom State, Nigeria, over three (3) months period. Design of Study: Hundred swab-samples were inoculated on Mannitol salt agar. Positive growths were further biochemically confirmed for Staphylococcus aureus. Confirmed isolates were then used for MDR evaluation. Results and Interpretation: Of the 100 samples from skin, wound, ear, throat and nose swabs, 28 isolates were confirmed as S. aureus and were subjected to a range of selected commercially available antibiotics like: Amoxicillin, ampiclox, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, gentamicin, levofloxacin, norfloxacin, rifampicin and streptomycin, to evaluate their susceptibilitie...

Nigerian Journal of Surgical Sciences, Sep 22, 2006

Calabar a fast developing urban town renowned for its low crime rate and cleanliness, is witnessi... more Calabar a fast developing urban town renowned for its low crime rate and cleanliness, is witnessing an upsurge in violence which could be counter productive to its development especially in tourism. We undertook this study to evaluate the patern of injury and proffer solutions. Patients operated for peneratrating abdominal trauma from January 2000 – December 2004 were retrospectively studied and compared with the period June 1994. It is concluded that there is an increasing wave of violence with gun being the commonest offending agent. Curbing illegal possession of firearms and use of other offensive weapons, prevention of armed robbery, cult activities, communal/religious crisis and political thuggery by education is advocated. Nigerian Journal of Surgical Sciences Vol. 15(2) 2005: 47-51

Archives of Clinical Microbiology, 2020

The evaluation of the Multi-drug resistance pattern of Staphylococcus aureus from a pediatric war... more The evaluation of the Multi-drug resistance pattern of Staphylococcus aureus from a pediatric ward, in Akwa-Ibom State was conducted using standard clinical microbiological procedures. Of the 100 samples from skin, wound, ear, throat and nose swabs, 28 isolates were confirmed as S. aureus and were subjected to a range of selected commercially available antibiotics like: amoxicillin, ampiclox, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, gentamicin, levofloxacin, norfloxacin, rifampicin and streptomycin, to evaluate their susceptibilities. The wound swabs gave the highest isolate percentage yield (32%) followed by skin swabs (29%). While susceptibility results showed that amoxicillin and ampiclox were more resisted by the isolates, while ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin and norfloxacin were more effective against the isolates. The MAR indices showed that 85.7% of the isolates had confirmed multi-drug resistance status, with 60.7% of the isolates having resistance for between four or more the tested antimicrobials. MAR indices revealed that 96.4% of the isolates had 0.3, indicating that the resistance resulted from isolates that adapted to the tested drugs due to some form of abuse. Restricted use of these drugs would help curtail the high resistance currently experienced amongst microorganisms.

ePlasty, Sep 16, 2008

Background: Lightning injuries are relatively uncommon and have been a subject of awe since primi... more Background: Lightning injuries are relatively uncommon and have been a subject of awe since primitive times. It most significantly affects the cardiorespiratory, nervous, and integumentary systems. Surprisingly, cutaneous burn injuries caused by lightning are usually superficial. Objective: To present the cutaneous manifestations of lightning injuries and the sequelae of improper management. Case report: A 22-year-old woman presented with cutaneous manifestations of lightning-induced burns and bilateral upper limb gangrene after 2 months of improper treatment. She refused amputation after counseling and left the hospital. Conclusion: This is a rare case of burns with cutaneous manifestations peculiar to lightning injury. These features serve as evidence of lightning injury, when in doubt, especially in societies where superstition is rife. Education concerning the nature of lightning and proper management would improve outcome.

International Journal of Dermatology, Apr 19, 2012

Journal of International Medical Research

The formation of stone in the ductal system of the salivary gland is termed sialolithiasis, with ... more The formation of stone in the ductal system of the salivary gland is termed sialolithiasis, with the submandibular gland being the most commonly affected. The precise aetiology is unknown but certain factors peculiar to the submandibular gland accounts for its likelihood of developing a calculous disease. Stones are classified based on their dimension, and may be silent or present with symptoms attributable to the size, location and complications. Here, a 50-year-old female who presented with a painless swelling in the left submandibular region that had grown slowly over the previous year, is reported. Following clinical and radiologic evaluation, left submandibular stone disease was preoperatively diagnosed. The patient underwent sialoadenectomy with transient palsy of the marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve. Histopathology confirmed sialolith (2.7 cm) with severe squamous metaplasia of the duct. This presentation demonstrates some peculiar features attributable to the s...

Nigerian quarterly journal of hospital medicine, 2019

Background: Evaluation of a palpable breast mass requires a systematic approach to the history, p... more Background: Evaluation of a palpable breast mass requires a systematic approach to the history, physical examination, and radiographic imaging studies to ensure a correct diagnosis. Palpable breast masses are common and usually benign, but efficient evaluation and prompt diagnosis are necessary to rule out malignancy. A thorough clinical breast examination, imaging, and tissue sampling are needed for a definitive diagnosis.Aim: To study the distribution and pattern of breast masses in secondary health facility in Lagos.Method: This study was carried out in two hospitals in Lagos over a period of 5 years January 2010 to December2014. The hospitals are General Hospital, Ikorudu and General Hospital, Orile-Agege. All patients with palpable breast masses were evaluated with history, physical examination, ultrasonography, mammography, Fine Needle Aspiration cytology (FNAC) and/or trucut biopsy in cases that required such investigation. Excisional Biopsy was done for benign masses and histology was obtained in all cases.Results: In this study 193 patients were seen with different types of breast masses. Histological diagnosis was obtained for all cases. The age range was 10years to 70years. Fibroadenoma was the most common diagnoses accounting for 126 (65.28%) of all cases, breast cancers accounted for 49 (25.38), cystosarcomaphyloides and fibrocystic diseases accounted for 5 patients (2.6%) each respectively, breast lipoma accounted for 3 (1.6%) while breast abscesses and ductal papillomas accounted for 2 (1%) each respectively. Tubular adenoma accounted for 1(0.5%).Conclusion: Fibroadenoma and breast cancinoma are the most common breast masses seen. Hence histological evaluation is very important. Key words Pattern, Distribution, Breast masse

Mary Slessor Journal of Medicine, 2008

Nigerian journal of clinical practice, 2008

BACKGROUND Burn injuries are a common presentation in Nigerian hospitals and result from a variet... more BACKGROUND Burn injuries are a common presentation in Nigerian hospitals and result from a variety of causes. Recently, many have resulted from Petroleum related fire incidents. High voltage electrical injuries are relatively rare; lightning strikes even rarer. In traditional societies where Traditional medicine practitioners are usually the first to be contacted and where late presentation to hospitals is the rule, complications such as the wet gangrene necessitating amputation are common. Even when patients present relatively early and are resuscitated and treated, complete prosthetic rehabilitation is difficult because of poverty and lack of social support systems. CASE REPORT This review presents three cases of high voltage electrical burns resulting from typical 11KVA burns as well as lightning strike. It also highlights the role of prompt presentation in a health facility with appropriate resuscitation in determining good treatment outcomes.

The Central African journal of medicine

Salivary gland tumours (SGT'S) are uncommon. The minor glands are dispersed throughout the up... more Salivary gland tumours (SGT'S) are uncommon. The minor glands are dispersed throughout the upper aerodigestive submucosa including the lip. To present two case reports of salivary gland tumour of the upper lip and highlight its diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. A 50-year-old female farmer presented with a two year history of swelling of the upper lip and the histology revealed a pleomorphic adenoma of the minor salivary gland. She was offered a wide excision which resulted in a huge upper lip defect managed by a two staged lip switch ABBE flap. The second patient, a 40-year-old female teacher presented with a 10 year history of a left sided upper lip swelling. Histology revealed pleomorphic adenoma. She was offered an excision with no evidence of recurrence after 26 months of follow up. Salivary gland tumours should be considered as a differential diagnosis of tumours of the lip: Early presentation is advocated as late presentation with advanced tumour presents diagnostic a...

Nigerian journal of clinical practice, 2008

Liver abscesses occur in both the developed and developing countries. Up to the time of this stud... more Liver abscesses occur in both the developed and developing countries. Up to the time of this study lever abscesses in our centre were drained with open laparotomy, because of the lack of standard equipment for percutaneous drainage. We present a preliminary report of six cases of liver abscesses drained percutaneously using the 'UNICAL' closed drainage system. Six patients all males aged 23 54 years were treated for liver abscesses using the 'UNICAL' drain (a locally devised active drain system), under ultrasound guidance. Five of the patients had amoebic abscesses, all located in the right hepatic lobe. The sixth patient had multiple pyogenic abscesses involving both hepatic lobes. The six patients had pre and post-drainage antimicrobial therapy for a total of two weeks. One patient, who was a diabetic, had a recollection of pus within a week after the initial drainage. He was redrained with the same device with complete cure. Full blood count and liver function tes...

Eplasty, Jan 21, 2008

Burn injuries are among the most devastating injuries seen in the emergency units. The epidemiolo... more Burn injuries are among the most devastating injuries seen in the emergency units. The epidemiology of this injury varies from one part of the world to another. This is a 3-year report in an attempt to provide information on the current epidemiology of burns in this center. Patients admitted into the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, with burn injuries were prospectively studied between February 2005 and January 2008. The 59 patients (33 males and 26 females) accounted for 3.7% of trauma patients and their ages ranged from 15 to 70 years (mean 29.4 years). Flame burn was the commonest injury seen in 48 (81.3%) patients because of petrol and kerosene, whereas chemical burn that involved 7 (11.9%) patients ranked second. Morbidity included burns wound infection in 13 (22%) patients and contractures in 6 (10.2%) patients. The outcome was fatal in 15 (25.4%) patients. The establishment of burn support groups dedicated to publicity on prevention based on areas of risk highlighted ...

Journal Africain du Cancer / African Journal of Cancer, 2014

Kaposi sarcoma is a malignant vascular tumour of multifocal origin from undifferentiated vasoform... more Kaposi sarcoma is a malignant vascular tumour of multifocal origin from undifferentiated vasoformative spindle cell. It presents frequently as cutaneous lesions, and musculoskeletal involvement is rare. Presented is a 52-year-old male farmer with inability to walk and pain of two months duration with cutaneous lesion noticed 3 years prior to presentation. Clinical, radiological and histopathological evaluation revealed cutaneous Kaposi sarcoma with a rare complication of pathological fracture of the left tibia and fibula with dystrophic calcification of the adjoining soft tissue. He had cytotoxic chemotherapy with poor outcome in cutaneous and skeletal lesions. Kaposi sarcoma if neglected presents with significant morbidity. Health promotion on early presentation and diagnosis are recommended for improved outcome. Keywords Endemic Kaposi sarcoma • Pathological fracture Résumé Le sarcome de Kaposi désigne une tumeur vasculaire maligne d'origine multiple située sur une cellule fusiforme vasoformative indifférenciée. Il se présente fréquemment sous forme de lésions cutanées, et les répercussions musculosquelettiques sont rares. Un fermier de 52 ans se trouvait dans l'incapacité de marcher et ressentait des douleurs depuis deux mois ; des lésions cutanées étaient apparues trois ans plus tôt. Les analyses cliniques, radiologiques et histopathologiques ont révélé un sarcome cutané de Kaposi associé à une rare complication d'une fracture pathologique du tibia et du péroné gauches présentant une calcifi-cation dystrophique des tissus mous adjacents. La chimiothérapie cytotoxique administrée n'a eu que de faibles résultats sur les lésions cutanées et squelettiques. Le sarcome de Kaposi, lorsqu'il est négligé, présente un taux de morbidité élevé. Il est recommandé de procéder à une promotion de la santé lors d'une présentation et d'un diagnostic précoces afin d'améliorer le pronostic.

West African Journal of Medicine, 2007

Nigerian Journal of Surgical Sciences, 2008

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary malignancy of the liver, among indigeno... more Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary malignancy of the liver, among indigenous inhabitants of Africa and it may present as solitary or multiple lesions often running a rapidly fatal course. Presented is a case of a 25 year female in apparent general good health with a giant solitary hepatocellular carcinoma. HCC should be considered in the diagnosis of a right upper quadrant/epigastric mass even when it assumes a gigantic proportion in an apparently healthy patient. Keywords : Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Giant, Solitary Tumour. Nigerian Journal of Surgical Sciences Vol. 17 (2) 2007: pp. 125-128

Case Reports in Clinical Medicine, 2013

Chronic peripheral lymphadenopathy in adults is an indication of pathology of which tuberculosis ... more Chronic peripheral lymphadenopathy in adults is an indication of pathology of which tuberculosis is the commonest in the developing countries. Presented is a 36-year-old with a huge chronic Submental lymphadenopathy in a seronegative patient of 7 years duration. Histology revealed non-caseating tuberculosis. Tuberculosis should be considered in Submental lymphadenopathy. Despite the long duration, the absence of cold abscess, and or sinus formation may be an indication of the non-caseating tuberculous lymphadenopathy.