Patricia McDougall - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Patricia McDougall

Research paper thumbnail of The role of social networks and institutions in the internationalization of Russian entrepreneurial firms: Do they matter?

Journal of International Entrepreneurship, 2012

Drawing upon network theory and institutional theory, this paper examines the influence of networ... more Drawing upon network theory and institutional theory, this paper examines the influence of networks on the internationalization of Russian entrepreneurial firms. Our case analysis suggests that within the context of the Russian environment, networks play a much less important role in the internationalization process than it is usually assumed in the literature. For the Russian entrepreneurial firms examined in our study, the most important factor in their internationalization was their engagement in honest business practices that established trust and commitment in their relationships with international business partners. This study underscores the importance of the institutional context of an entrepreneurial firm's country.

Research paper thumbnail of New Venture Growth in International Markets: The Role of Strategic Adaptation and Networking Capabilities

Advances in Entrepreneurship, Firm Emergence and Growth, 2005

... with Cuba limits the ability for firms within these countries to do business with ... thus ch... more ... with Cuba limits the ability for firms within these countries to do business with ... thus characterizes the constraints faced by firms initially entering an international market, we ... While new ventures need resources to grow, the founding entrepreneurial team typically only has a given ...

Research paper thumbnail of One hundred years of excellence in business education: What have we learned?

Business Horizons, 2008

The quality of the next generation of business leaders will be determined by the ways in which bu... more The quality of the next generation of business leaders will be determined by the ways in which business schools respond to a host of dramatic changes emerging in the environment of higher education. While specific initiatives will vary widely, one thing seems certain: business ...

Research paper thumbnail of Entry Barriers and New Venture Performance: A Longitudinal Investigation of Direct and Moderated Effects

Academy of Management Annual Meeting Proceedings, Aug 1, 1999

Research paper thumbnail of New Venture Strategies: An Empirical Identification of Eight Distinct Strategic Orientations

Academy of Management Proceedings, Aug 1, 1987

Research paper thumbnail of The emergence, advance and future of international entrepreneurship research — An introduction to the special forum

J Bus Venturing, 2011

Since its genesis over twenty years ago, research in International Entrepreneurship has emerged a... more Since its genesis over twenty years ago, research in International Entrepreneurship has emerged as a field of study, and moved through the process of differentiation, mobilization and legitimacy building. Generally referred to as IE, research in this area is conducted by scholars worldwide and supported by various community structures, conferences and journals. In recognition of IE, this Special Forum was initiated to help clarify its parameters and history of development, the areas of research pertinent to it and critically, directions for future research.► We review and highlight key developments in International Entrepreneurship research. ► We explain the motivation behind and procedures for the Special Forum on International Entrepreneurship research. ► We comment on terminology used in International Entrepreneurship research. ► Areas for future research in International Entrepreneurship are discussed.

Research paper thumbnail of Cases in international entrepreneurship

... Patricia P. McDougall Georgia Institute of Technology Benjamin M. Oviatt Georgia State Univer... more ... Patricia P. McDougall Georgia Institute of Technology Benjamin M. Oviatt Georgia State University •DAi HOC QIJOC GIA HA NOI ... Key countries—Canada, Poland Primary developmental stage—Growth Case 13: Monaghan Mushrooms 224 Industry—Agribusiness ...

Research paper thumbnail of A Review of The Blackwell Handbook of Entrepreneurship, Edited by Donald Sexton and Hans Landstr�m

Small Bus Econ, 2000

This article provides a review and evaluation of The Blackwell Handbook of Entrepreneurship.

Research paper thumbnail of Entry barriers and new venture performance: a comparison of universal and contingency approaches

Strategic Management Journal, 2001

This study utilized universal and contingency approaches to empirically investigate the effects o... more This study utilized universal and contingency approaches to empirically investigate the effects of entry barriers on new venture performance. Consistent with prior research utilizing the universal approach, this study found only limited support for the direct independent effects of entry barriers on performance. Conversely, this study provides strong support for utilizing the contingency approach to examine the complex effects of entry barriers on divergent performance measures. Overall, contingency models incorporating the theoretically justified moderating effects of industry life cycle stage and venture strategy explained 31, 61, and 45 percent of the variance in profitability, shareholder wealth creation, and sales growth respectively. Copyright

Research paper thumbnail of Untangling the relationship between new venture internationalization and performance

Journal of International Entrepreneurship, 2013

Research paper thumbnail of Manufacturing Strategy and New Venture Origin: an Empirical Analysis

Manufacturing Strategy, 1990

Research paper thumbnail of New venture strategies: An empirical identification of eight ‘archetypes’ of competitive strategies for entry

Strategic Management Journal, 1990

Previous literature on competitive strategies for new ventures diffrs significantly on the approp... more Previous literature on competitive strategies for new ventures diffrs significantly on the appropriate domain breadth for new ventures, niche versus aggressive coverage. While this study does not address normatively the appropriateness of either approach, it reveals eight distinct 'archetypes' of competitive strategy for entry with both niche and broad strategies represented. In this study 247 new venture CEOs from the information processing industry were asked to describe their venture's competitive strategy for entry using twenpsix competitive methods. Factor and subsequent cluster analysis uncovered these eight different 'archetypes': ( I ) aggressive growth via commodity type products to numerous markets with small customer orders; (2) aggressive growth via price competitive new products to large customers;

Research paper thumbnail of The Emergence of Entrepreneurship Policy

Small Business Economics, 2000

Since the 1980s, many regulatory agencies were either downsized or closed and waves of publicly o... more Since the 1980s, many regulatory agencies were either downsized or closed and waves of publicly owned enterprises were privatized. Some scholars interpret this as signaling the retreat of government intervention. We suggest, however, that rather than retreating, public policy towards business is undergoing a profound shift. Specifically, a new set of policies designed to promote entrepreneurial activity has come to the forefront, that focuses on enabling the startup and viability of entrepreneurial firms rather than constraining existing enterprises.

Research paper thumbnail of Policy orientation effects on performance with licensing to start-ups and small companies

Research Policy, 2005

This study empirically tests a model of a university's selectivity and support policy orientation... more This study empirically tests a model of a university's selectivity and support policy orientation for technology licensing and its interaction with the external environment for entrepreneurship. Using a sample of 134 US research universities, we investigate main, two-way and three-way interaction effects for two measures of technology transfer performance-licenses with companies that subsequently go public and product royalties. Results indicate both main and moderating effects for both measures of performance. Implications for practice and policy are offered, with special attention to public universities.

Research paper thumbnail of The effects of industry growth and strategic breadth on new venture performance and strategy content

Long Range Planning, 1995

1986). and identification of the impact of the interaction of strategy and industry structure on ... more 1986). and identification of the impact of the interaction of strategy and industry structure on new venture performance offers additional evidence of the need for an integrative research approach.

Research paper thumbnail of New Venture Growth: A Review and Extension

Journal of Management, 2006

... Enhanced scanning enables the venture to recognize opportunities through which sales growth c... more ... Enhanced scanning enables the venture to recognize opportunities through which sales growth can occur (Box et al., 1993). ... For example, a venture growing through internal inno-vation has greater need for technical employees than one that does not grow through innova ...

Research paper thumbnail of Governance and Strategic Leadership in Entrepreneurial Firms

Journal of Management, 2002

Corporate governance has been a central focus of strategic management research, particularly the ... more Corporate governance has been a central focus of strategic management research, particularly the associations among governance structures, strategic leaders, and firm performance. Extant research, however, provides little evidence of systematic relationships in these areas. There are a series of theoretical/conceptual rationales suggesting that such relationships might be more pronounced in entrepreneurial firms. Accordingly, we provide an overview and synthesis of the entrepreneurship literature addressing the intersection of governance and strategic leadership with firm performance. The strongest relationships reflected in this literature are consistent with a resource dependence perspective of the firm. We conclude with several suggestions for advancing research in this important domain. © 2002 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.

Research paper thumbnail of The internationalization of entrepreneurship

Journal of International Business Studies, 2005

... Buckley, PJ and Casson, M. (1976) The Future of the Multi-national Enterprise, Holmes & M... more ... Buckley, PJ and Casson, M. (1976) The Future of the Multi-national Enterprise, Holmes & Meier: New York. Doz, Y., Santos, J. and Williamson, P. (2001) From Global toMetanational, Harvard Business School Press: Boston, MA. ...

Research paper thumbnail of Toward a theory of international new ventures

Journal of International Business Studies, 2005

The study of the multinational enterprise (MNE) has focused on large, mature corporations. Histor... more The study of the multinational enterprise (MNE) has focused on large, mature corporations. Historically, many MNEs developed from large, mature, domestic firms (Chandler, 1986), and they commanded attention because they wielded significant economic power, especially ...

Research paper thumbnail of University start-up formation and technology licensing with firms that go public: a resource-based view of academic entrepreneurship

Journal of Business Venturing, 2005

Although academic entrepreneurship is a topic receiving some attention in the literature, higher ... more Although academic entrepreneurship is a topic receiving some attention in the literature, higher education's appetite for expanding technology transfer activities suggests that more research is needed to inform practice. This study investigates the effects of particular resource sets on two university commercialization activities: the number of start-up companies formed and the number of initial public offering (IPO) firms to which a university had previously licensed a technology. Utilizing multisource data on 120 universities and a resource-based view of the firm framework, a set of university financial, human capital, and organizational resources were found to be significant predictors of one or both outcomes.

Research paper thumbnail of The role of social networks and institutions in the internationalization of Russian entrepreneurial firms: Do they matter?

Journal of International Entrepreneurship, 2012

Drawing upon network theory and institutional theory, this paper examines the influence of networ... more Drawing upon network theory and institutional theory, this paper examines the influence of networks on the internationalization of Russian entrepreneurial firms. Our case analysis suggests that within the context of the Russian environment, networks play a much less important role in the internationalization process than it is usually assumed in the literature. For the Russian entrepreneurial firms examined in our study, the most important factor in their internationalization was their engagement in honest business practices that established trust and commitment in their relationships with international business partners. This study underscores the importance of the institutional context of an entrepreneurial firm's country.

Research paper thumbnail of New Venture Growth in International Markets: The Role of Strategic Adaptation and Networking Capabilities

Advances in Entrepreneurship, Firm Emergence and Growth, 2005

... with Cuba limits the ability for firms within these countries to do business with ... thus ch... more ... with Cuba limits the ability for firms within these countries to do business with ... thus characterizes the constraints faced by firms initially entering an international market, we ... While new ventures need resources to grow, the founding entrepreneurial team typically only has a given ...

Research paper thumbnail of One hundred years of excellence in business education: What have we learned?

Business Horizons, 2008

The quality of the next generation of business leaders will be determined by the ways in which bu... more The quality of the next generation of business leaders will be determined by the ways in which business schools respond to a host of dramatic changes emerging in the environment of higher education. While specific initiatives will vary widely, one thing seems certain: business ...

Research paper thumbnail of Entry Barriers and New Venture Performance: A Longitudinal Investigation of Direct and Moderated Effects

Academy of Management Annual Meeting Proceedings, Aug 1, 1999

Research paper thumbnail of New Venture Strategies: An Empirical Identification of Eight Distinct Strategic Orientations

Academy of Management Proceedings, Aug 1, 1987

Research paper thumbnail of The emergence, advance and future of international entrepreneurship research — An introduction to the special forum

J Bus Venturing, 2011

Since its genesis over twenty years ago, research in International Entrepreneurship has emerged a... more Since its genesis over twenty years ago, research in International Entrepreneurship has emerged as a field of study, and moved through the process of differentiation, mobilization and legitimacy building. Generally referred to as IE, research in this area is conducted by scholars worldwide and supported by various community structures, conferences and journals. In recognition of IE, this Special Forum was initiated to help clarify its parameters and history of development, the areas of research pertinent to it and critically, directions for future research.► We review and highlight key developments in International Entrepreneurship research. ► We explain the motivation behind and procedures for the Special Forum on International Entrepreneurship research. ► We comment on terminology used in International Entrepreneurship research. ► Areas for future research in International Entrepreneurship are discussed.

Research paper thumbnail of Cases in international entrepreneurship

... Patricia P. McDougall Georgia Institute of Technology Benjamin M. Oviatt Georgia State Univer... more ... Patricia P. McDougall Georgia Institute of Technology Benjamin M. Oviatt Georgia State University •DAi HOC QIJOC GIA HA NOI ... Key countries—Canada, Poland Primary developmental stage—Growth Case 13: Monaghan Mushrooms 224 Industry—Agribusiness ...

Research paper thumbnail of A Review of The Blackwell Handbook of Entrepreneurship, Edited by Donald Sexton and Hans Landstr�m

Small Bus Econ, 2000

This article provides a review and evaluation of The Blackwell Handbook of Entrepreneurship.

Research paper thumbnail of Entry barriers and new venture performance: a comparison of universal and contingency approaches

Strategic Management Journal, 2001

This study utilized universal and contingency approaches to empirically investigate the effects o... more This study utilized universal and contingency approaches to empirically investigate the effects of entry barriers on new venture performance. Consistent with prior research utilizing the universal approach, this study found only limited support for the direct independent effects of entry barriers on performance. Conversely, this study provides strong support for utilizing the contingency approach to examine the complex effects of entry barriers on divergent performance measures. Overall, contingency models incorporating the theoretically justified moderating effects of industry life cycle stage and venture strategy explained 31, 61, and 45 percent of the variance in profitability, shareholder wealth creation, and sales growth respectively. Copyright

Research paper thumbnail of Untangling the relationship between new venture internationalization and performance

Journal of International Entrepreneurship, 2013

Research paper thumbnail of Manufacturing Strategy and New Venture Origin: an Empirical Analysis

Manufacturing Strategy, 1990

Research paper thumbnail of New venture strategies: An empirical identification of eight ‘archetypes’ of competitive strategies for entry

Strategic Management Journal, 1990

Previous literature on competitive strategies for new ventures diffrs significantly on the approp... more Previous literature on competitive strategies for new ventures diffrs significantly on the appropriate domain breadth for new ventures, niche versus aggressive coverage. While this study does not address normatively the appropriateness of either approach, it reveals eight distinct 'archetypes' of competitive strategy for entry with both niche and broad strategies represented. In this study 247 new venture CEOs from the information processing industry were asked to describe their venture's competitive strategy for entry using twenpsix competitive methods. Factor and subsequent cluster analysis uncovered these eight different 'archetypes': ( I ) aggressive growth via commodity type products to numerous markets with small customer orders; (2) aggressive growth via price competitive new products to large customers;

Research paper thumbnail of The Emergence of Entrepreneurship Policy

Small Business Economics, 2000

Since the 1980s, many regulatory agencies were either downsized or closed and waves of publicly o... more Since the 1980s, many regulatory agencies were either downsized or closed and waves of publicly owned enterprises were privatized. Some scholars interpret this as signaling the retreat of government intervention. We suggest, however, that rather than retreating, public policy towards business is undergoing a profound shift. Specifically, a new set of policies designed to promote entrepreneurial activity has come to the forefront, that focuses on enabling the startup and viability of entrepreneurial firms rather than constraining existing enterprises.

Research paper thumbnail of Policy orientation effects on performance with licensing to start-ups and small companies

Research Policy, 2005

This study empirically tests a model of a university's selectivity and support policy orientation... more This study empirically tests a model of a university's selectivity and support policy orientation for technology licensing and its interaction with the external environment for entrepreneurship. Using a sample of 134 US research universities, we investigate main, two-way and three-way interaction effects for two measures of technology transfer performance-licenses with companies that subsequently go public and product royalties. Results indicate both main and moderating effects for both measures of performance. Implications for practice and policy are offered, with special attention to public universities.

Research paper thumbnail of The effects of industry growth and strategic breadth on new venture performance and strategy content

Long Range Planning, 1995

1986). and identification of the impact of the interaction of strategy and industry structure on ... more 1986). and identification of the impact of the interaction of strategy and industry structure on new venture performance offers additional evidence of the need for an integrative research approach.

Research paper thumbnail of New Venture Growth: A Review and Extension

Journal of Management, 2006

... Enhanced scanning enables the venture to recognize opportunities through which sales growth c... more ... Enhanced scanning enables the venture to recognize opportunities through which sales growth can occur (Box et al., 1993). ... For example, a venture growing through internal inno-vation has greater need for technical employees than one that does not grow through innova ...

Research paper thumbnail of Governance and Strategic Leadership in Entrepreneurial Firms

Journal of Management, 2002

Corporate governance has been a central focus of strategic management research, particularly the ... more Corporate governance has been a central focus of strategic management research, particularly the associations among governance structures, strategic leaders, and firm performance. Extant research, however, provides little evidence of systematic relationships in these areas. There are a series of theoretical/conceptual rationales suggesting that such relationships might be more pronounced in entrepreneurial firms. Accordingly, we provide an overview and synthesis of the entrepreneurship literature addressing the intersection of governance and strategic leadership with firm performance. The strongest relationships reflected in this literature are consistent with a resource dependence perspective of the firm. We conclude with several suggestions for advancing research in this important domain. © 2002 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.

Research paper thumbnail of The internationalization of entrepreneurship

Journal of International Business Studies, 2005

... Buckley, PJ and Casson, M. (1976) The Future of the Multi-national Enterprise, Holmes & M... more ... Buckley, PJ and Casson, M. (1976) The Future of the Multi-national Enterprise, Holmes & Meier: New York. Doz, Y., Santos, J. and Williamson, P. (2001) From Global toMetanational, Harvard Business School Press: Boston, MA. ...

Research paper thumbnail of Toward a theory of international new ventures

Journal of International Business Studies, 2005

The study of the multinational enterprise (MNE) has focused on large, mature corporations. Histor... more The study of the multinational enterprise (MNE) has focused on large, mature corporations. Historically, many MNEs developed from large, mature, domestic firms (Chandler, 1986), and they commanded attention because they wielded significant economic power, especially ...

Research paper thumbnail of University start-up formation and technology licensing with firms that go public: a resource-based view of academic entrepreneurship

Journal of Business Venturing, 2005

Although academic entrepreneurship is a topic receiving some attention in the literature, higher ... more Although academic entrepreneurship is a topic receiving some attention in the literature, higher education's appetite for expanding technology transfer activities suggests that more research is needed to inform practice. This study investigates the effects of particular resource sets on two university commercialization activities: the number of start-up companies formed and the number of initial public offering (IPO) firms to which a university had previously licensed a technology. Utilizing multisource data on 120 universities and a resource-based view of the firm framework, a set of university financial, human capital, and organizational resources were found to be significant predictors of one or both outcomes.