Mehdi Karkouri - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Mehdi Karkouri

The breast journal, Jan 8, 2016

Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) is a benign, frequently severe chronic inflammatory lesio... more Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) is a benign, frequently severe chronic inflammatory lesion of the breast. Its etiology remains unknown and reported cases vary in their presentation and histologic findings with an optimal treatment algorithm yet to be described owing mainly to the disease's heterogeneity. IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a newly recognized systemic fibroinflammatory condition characterized by a dense lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate with many IgG4-positive plasma cells, storiform fibrosis, and obliterative phlebitis. Immunosuppressive therapy is considered to be an effective first-line therapy for IgG4-RD. We sought to clarify and classify chronic mastitis according to the histologic findings of IgG4-RD mastitis with respect to IGM and to develop a robust diagnostic framework to help select patients for optimal treatment strategies. Using the largest collection to date (43 cases from Egypt and Morocco), we show that despite sharing many features, IGM and IgG...

Journal of Cancer Epidemiology, 2015

Gastric cancer is the fifth most common cancer globally with over 70% of new cases occurring in d... more Gastric cancer is the fifth most common cancer globally with over 70% of new cases occurring in developing countries. In Morocco, oncologists in Marrakech suspected higher frequency of gastric cancer compared to Casablanca, a city 150 kilometers away. This study calculated age-specific, sex-specific, and total incidence rates of gastric cancer in Marrakech and was compared to the Casablanca population-based cancer registry. Using medical records from Center Hospital University Mohammad VI and reports from 4 main private pathology laboratories in Marrakech, we identified 774 patients for the period 2008–2012. Comparison of rates showed higher age-specific incidence in Marrakech in nearly all age groups for both genders. A higher total incidence in Marrakech than in Casablanca was found with rates of 5.50 and 3.23 per 100,000, respectively. Incidence was significantly higher among males in Marrakech than males in Casablanca (7.19 and 3.91 per 100,000, resp.) and females in Marrakech c...

Pan African Medical Journal, 2015

Annales de Pathologie, 2015

Middle East journal of cancer, 2010

Pancreatic cancer has not been well studied, especially in developing countries. We studied the v... more Pancreatic cancer has not been well studied, especially in developing countries. We studied the variations in genetic mutations in pancreatic adenocarcinoma between Moroccan and Egyptian populations. The molecular pathology of 30 tumors from a large hospital in Casablanca, Morocco were examined and compared with the findings of 44 tumors from the Gharbiah Governate in Egypt. K-ras mutations in codons12 and 13 in addition to p53 mutations in exons 5-8 were evaluated. Overall, differences in the rates of K-ras mutations were not statistically significant (48.00 and 34.09%, respectively); however differences in rates of p53 mutations were statistically significant with p53 mutations more common in Moroccan tumors than in Egyptian tumors (46.67 and 16.28%, respectively). GT mutations of the K-ras gene were most commonly seen Egyptian tumors, whereas G → A mutations were the most common type of mutations in Moroccan tumors. Logistic regression analysis showed that a p53 mutation in any e...

African Journal of Urology, 2008

Journal Africain du Cancer / African Journal of Cancer, 2009

ABSTRACT La tumeur à cellules granuleuses est une tumeur englobant un groupe hétérogène d’entités... more ABSTRACT La tumeur à cellules granuleuses est une tumeur englobant un groupe hétérogène d’entités caractérisé par la prolifération de grandes cellules aux cytoplasmes abondants granuleux éosinophiles. Nous rapportons l’observation d’une femme âgée de 39 ans, hospitalisée pour un nodule unique du bras à surface pigmentée de 2 cm de diamètre, évoluant depuis un an, et pour lequel une exérèse chirurgicale a été effectuée. L’examen histologique a montré la présence d’une prolifération dermique aux contours mal limités, non encapsulée. Cette prolifération était faite d’amas de cellules globuleuses arrondies prenant rarement un aspect fusiforme sans nécrose individualisable. Le cytoplasme était abondant éosinophile granuleux PAS positif. Les noyaux étaient arrondis sans atypies avec un index mitotique de 2 mitoses/10 champs. Une étude immunohistochimique a révélé une positivité de la P-S100. L’ensemble des constatations a permis de conclure à une tumeur à cellules granuleuses sans critères histologiques demalignité. Les tumeurs à cellules granuleuses siègent, essentiellement, au niveau de la tête et du cou. Elles sont plus fréquentes chez la femme avec un sex-ratio de 3/1 et un pic de fréquence entre la troisième et la cinquième décennie de vie. Elles sont le plus souvent bénignes. Des formes malignes ont été décrites dans 1 à 3 %. En raison de leur potentiel récidivant et de leur morphologie semblable aux tumeurs malignes, l’exérèse chirurgicale complète est recommandée. La particularité de cette observation est de rapporter un cas de cette entité rare et de discuter son histogenèse et ses différents critères de malignité.

Breast disease

Understanding molecular characteristics that distinguish inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) from no... more Understanding molecular characteristics that distinguish inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) from non-IBC is crucial for elucidating breast cancer etiology and management. We included 3 sets of patients from Egypt (48 IBC and 64 non-IBC), Tunisia (24 IBC and 40 non-IBC), and Morocco (42 IBC and 41 non-IBC). Egyptian IBC patients had the highest combined erythema, edema, peau d'orange, and metastasis among the 3 IBC groups. Egyptian IBC tumors had the highest RhoC expression than Tunisians and Moroccan IBCs (87% vs. 50%, vs. 38.1, for the 3 countries, respectively). Tumor emboli were more frequent in Egyptian IBC than non-IBC (Mean ± SD: 14.1 ± 14.0 vs. 7.0 ± 12.9, respectively) (P < 0.001) and Tunisians (Mean ± SD: 3.4 ± 2.5 vs. 1.9 ± 2.0, respectively) (P < 0.01). There was no difference of emboli in Moroccan tumors (1.7 ± 1.2 vs. 1.8 ± 1.2 for IBC and non-IBC, respectively (P=0.66). This study illustrates that RhoC overexpression and tumor emboli are more frequent in IBC re...

Annales de Pathologie, 2013

The granular cell tumor of the breast (TCGS) is a rare benign tumor, which grows from Schwann cel... more The granular cell tumor of the breast (TCGS) is a rare benign tumor, which grows from Schwann cells. It can be confused with a cancerous tumor clinically and radiologically. Only the histological appearance can make the diagnosis. We report a case of TCGS in a man, discovered as a result of self-examination of a breast lump. The authors emphasize the problem of differential diagnosis with breast cancer: clinically, a hard lump with an occasional skin retraction or a fixity to the deep plane; radiologically a stellar opaque appearance with irregular contours, sonographically unspecific, and even macroscopically during surgery, this lesion having morphological characteristics which need histologic examination and even immunohistochemistry in order to exclude a malignant tumor. They are cured by wide local excision and have generally a good prognosis.

Sexually Transmitted Infections, 2013

World Journal of Surgical Oncology, 2008

Background: Liposarcoma is the most frequent histopathological variety of the retroperitoneum, su... more Background: Liposarcoma is the most frequent histopathological variety of the retroperitoneum, surgery is the gold standard for treatment.

Child's Nervous System, 2010

Introduction Brain tumors are the most common solid tumors diagnosed among children below 15 year... more Introduction Brain tumors are the most common solid tumors diagnosed among children below 15 years worldwide. However, little is known about the profile of pediatric brain tumors in Africa. The purpose of this study was to further elaborate the epidemiological profile of pediatric brain tumors in Africa, specifically Morocco. Methods A retrospective review was conducted of all patients with primary brain tumors in the age group 0-19 years, from 2003 to 2007, from multiple centers in two cities of Rabat and Casablanca, Morocco. Only patients with histopathological confirmation were included (n=542). Descriptive epidemiologic profiles were created for the patients by age, sex, and histological subtypes of brain tumors. Results Overall medulloblastoma was the most common brain tumor (34.5%), followed by pilocytic astrocytoma (17.3%) and diffuse astrocytoma grade 2 (12.5%). Brain tumors occurred most commonly in 5-9-year age group followed by 10-14-year age group with the former being more common among males and the latter being more common among females. We also found medulloblastoma to be the most common brain tumor in the 0-14-year-olds. Conclusions In this rare study focused on pediatric brain tumors in Morocco, most of the findings were consistent with past studies from other parts of the world. However, we found medulloblastoma to be the most common pediatric brain tumor followed by astrocytoma.

Annales de Pathologie, 2013

The breast angiosarcoma is an endothelial malign tumor. Its prevalence is about 0.04% of all brea... more The breast angiosarcoma is an endothelial malign tumor. Its prevalence is about 0.04% of all breast malignant tumors. The characteristics of angiosarcoma are its malignancy and its clinical and radiologic polymorphism. The breast angiocarcinoma has a bad prognostic because of the frequency of metastases and recurrence. The purpose of this paper is to report the clinical, imaging and pathological features of breast angiosarcoma, a rare but aggressive tumor, based on a review of one case.

Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, 2009

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD) are X-linked recessive diso... more Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD) are X-linked recessive disorders caused by mutations of the DMD gene located at Xp21. In DMD patients, dystrophin is virtually absent; whereas BMD patients have 10% to 40% of the normal amount. Deletions in the dystrophin gene represent 65% of mutations in DMD/BMD patients. To explain the contribution of immunohistochemical and genetic analysis in the diagnosis of these dystrophies, we present 10 cases of DMD/BMD with particular features. We have analyzed the patients with immunohistochemical staining and PCR multiplex to screen for exons deletions. Determination of the quantity and distribution of dystrophin by immunohistochemical staining can confirm the presence of dystrophinopathy and allows differentiation between DMD and BMD, but dystrophin staining is not always conclusive in BMD. Therefore, only identification involved mutation by genetic analysis can establish a correct diagnosis.

The breast journal, Jan 8, 2016

Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) is a benign, frequently severe chronic inflammatory lesio... more Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) is a benign, frequently severe chronic inflammatory lesion of the breast. Its etiology remains unknown and reported cases vary in their presentation and histologic findings with an optimal treatment algorithm yet to be described owing mainly to the disease's heterogeneity. IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a newly recognized systemic fibroinflammatory condition characterized by a dense lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate with many IgG4-positive plasma cells, storiform fibrosis, and obliterative phlebitis. Immunosuppressive therapy is considered to be an effective first-line therapy for IgG4-RD. We sought to clarify and classify chronic mastitis according to the histologic findings of IgG4-RD mastitis with respect to IGM and to develop a robust diagnostic framework to help select patients for optimal treatment strategies. Using the largest collection to date (43 cases from Egypt and Morocco), we show that despite sharing many features, IGM and IgG...

Journal of Cancer Epidemiology, 2015

Gastric cancer is the fifth most common cancer globally with over 70% of new cases occurring in d... more Gastric cancer is the fifth most common cancer globally with over 70% of new cases occurring in developing countries. In Morocco, oncologists in Marrakech suspected higher frequency of gastric cancer compared to Casablanca, a city 150 kilometers away. This study calculated age-specific, sex-specific, and total incidence rates of gastric cancer in Marrakech and was compared to the Casablanca population-based cancer registry. Using medical records from Center Hospital University Mohammad VI and reports from 4 main private pathology laboratories in Marrakech, we identified 774 patients for the period 2008–2012. Comparison of rates showed higher age-specific incidence in Marrakech in nearly all age groups for both genders. A higher total incidence in Marrakech than in Casablanca was found with rates of 5.50 and 3.23 per 100,000, respectively. Incidence was significantly higher among males in Marrakech than males in Casablanca (7.19 and 3.91 per 100,000, resp.) and females in Marrakech c...

Pan African Medical Journal, 2015

Annales de Pathologie, 2015

Middle East journal of cancer, 2010

Pancreatic cancer has not been well studied, especially in developing countries. We studied the v... more Pancreatic cancer has not been well studied, especially in developing countries. We studied the variations in genetic mutations in pancreatic adenocarcinoma between Moroccan and Egyptian populations. The molecular pathology of 30 tumors from a large hospital in Casablanca, Morocco were examined and compared with the findings of 44 tumors from the Gharbiah Governate in Egypt. K-ras mutations in codons12 and 13 in addition to p53 mutations in exons 5-8 were evaluated. Overall, differences in the rates of K-ras mutations were not statistically significant (48.00 and 34.09%, respectively); however differences in rates of p53 mutations were statistically significant with p53 mutations more common in Moroccan tumors than in Egyptian tumors (46.67 and 16.28%, respectively). GT mutations of the K-ras gene were most commonly seen Egyptian tumors, whereas G → A mutations were the most common type of mutations in Moroccan tumors. Logistic regression analysis showed that a p53 mutation in any e...

African Journal of Urology, 2008

Journal Africain du Cancer / African Journal of Cancer, 2009

ABSTRACT La tumeur à cellules granuleuses est une tumeur englobant un groupe hétérogène d’entités... more ABSTRACT La tumeur à cellules granuleuses est une tumeur englobant un groupe hétérogène d’entités caractérisé par la prolifération de grandes cellules aux cytoplasmes abondants granuleux éosinophiles. Nous rapportons l’observation d’une femme âgée de 39 ans, hospitalisée pour un nodule unique du bras à surface pigmentée de 2 cm de diamètre, évoluant depuis un an, et pour lequel une exérèse chirurgicale a été effectuée. L’examen histologique a montré la présence d’une prolifération dermique aux contours mal limités, non encapsulée. Cette prolifération était faite d’amas de cellules globuleuses arrondies prenant rarement un aspect fusiforme sans nécrose individualisable. Le cytoplasme était abondant éosinophile granuleux PAS positif. Les noyaux étaient arrondis sans atypies avec un index mitotique de 2 mitoses/10 champs. Une étude immunohistochimique a révélé une positivité de la P-S100. L’ensemble des constatations a permis de conclure à une tumeur à cellules granuleuses sans critères histologiques demalignité. Les tumeurs à cellules granuleuses siègent, essentiellement, au niveau de la tête et du cou. Elles sont plus fréquentes chez la femme avec un sex-ratio de 3/1 et un pic de fréquence entre la troisième et la cinquième décennie de vie. Elles sont le plus souvent bénignes. Des formes malignes ont été décrites dans 1 à 3 %. En raison de leur potentiel récidivant et de leur morphologie semblable aux tumeurs malignes, l’exérèse chirurgicale complète est recommandée. La particularité de cette observation est de rapporter un cas de cette entité rare et de discuter son histogenèse et ses différents critères de malignité.

Breast disease

Understanding molecular characteristics that distinguish inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) from no... more Understanding molecular characteristics that distinguish inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) from non-IBC is crucial for elucidating breast cancer etiology and management. We included 3 sets of patients from Egypt (48 IBC and 64 non-IBC), Tunisia (24 IBC and 40 non-IBC), and Morocco (42 IBC and 41 non-IBC). Egyptian IBC patients had the highest combined erythema, edema, peau d'orange, and metastasis among the 3 IBC groups. Egyptian IBC tumors had the highest RhoC expression than Tunisians and Moroccan IBCs (87% vs. 50%, vs. 38.1, for the 3 countries, respectively). Tumor emboli were more frequent in Egyptian IBC than non-IBC (Mean ± SD: 14.1 ± 14.0 vs. 7.0 ± 12.9, respectively) (P < 0.001) and Tunisians (Mean ± SD: 3.4 ± 2.5 vs. 1.9 ± 2.0, respectively) (P < 0.01). There was no difference of emboli in Moroccan tumors (1.7 ± 1.2 vs. 1.8 ± 1.2 for IBC and non-IBC, respectively (P=0.66). This study illustrates that RhoC overexpression and tumor emboli are more frequent in IBC re...

Annales de Pathologie, 2013

The granular cell tumor of the breast (TCGS) is a rare benign tumor, which grows from Schwann cel... more The granular cell tumor of the breast (TCGS) is a rare benign tumor, which grows from Schwann cells. It can be confused with a cancerous tumor clinically and radiologically. Only the histological appearance can make the diagnosis. We report a case of TCGS in a man, discovered as a result of self-examination of a breast lump. The authors emphasize the problem of differential diagnosis with breast cancer: clinically, a hard lump with an occasional skin retraction or a fixity to the deep plane; radiologically a stellar opaque appearance with irregular contours, sonographically unspecific, and even macroscopically during surgery, this lesion having morphological characteristics which need histologic examination and even immunohistochemistry in order to exclude a malignant tumor. They are cured by wide local excision and have generally a good prognosis.

Sexually Transmitted Infections, 2013

World Journal of Surgical Oncology, 2008

Background: Liposarcoma is the most frequent histopathological variety of the retroperitoneum, su... more Background: Liposarcoma is the most frequent histopathological variety of the retroperitoneum, surgery is the gold standard for treatment.

Child's Nervous System, 2010

Introduction Brain tumors are the most common solid tumors diagnosed among children below 15 year... more Introduction Brain tumors are the most common solid tumors diagnosed among children below 15 years worldwide. However, little is known about the profile of pediatric brain tumors in Africa. The purpose of this study was to further elaborate the epidemiological profile of pediatric brain tumors in Africa, specifically Morocco. Methods A retrospective review was conducted of all patients with primary brain tumors in the age group 0-19 years, from 2003 to 2007, from multiple centers in two cities of Rabat and Casablanca, Morocco. Only patients with histopathological confirmation were included (n=542). Descriptive epidemiologic profiles were created for the patients by age, sex, and histological subtypes of brain tumors. Results Overall medulloblastoma was the most common brain tumor (34.5%), followed by pilocytic astrocytoma (17.3%) and diffuse astrocytoma grade 2 (12.5%). Brain tumors occurred most commonly in 5-9-year age group followed by 10-14-year age group with the former being more common among males and the latter being more common among females. We also found medulloblastoma to be the most common brain tumor in the 0-14-year-olds. Conclusions In this rare study focused on pediatric brain tumors in Morocco, most of the findings were consistent with past studies from other parts of the world. However, we found medulloblastoma to be the most common pediatric brain tumor followed by astrocytoma.

Annales de Pathologie, 2013

The breast angiosarcoma is an endothelial malign tumor. Its prevalence is about 0.04% of all brea... more The breast angiosarcoma is an endothelial malign tumor. Its prevalence is about 0.04% of all breast malignant tumors. The characteristics of angiosarcoma are its malignancy and its clinical and radiologic polymorphism. The breast angiocarcinoma has a bad prognostic because of the frequency of metastases and recurrence. The purpose of this paper is to report the clinical, imaging and pathological features of breast angiosarcoma, a rare but aggressive tumor, based on a review of one case.

Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, 2009

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD) are X-linked recessive diso... more Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD) are X-linked recessive disorders caused by mutations of the DMD gene located at Xp21. In DMD patients, dystrophin is virtually absent; whereas BMD patients have 10% to 40% of the normal amount. Deletions in the dystrophin gene represent 65% of mutations in DMD/BMD patients. To explain the contribution of immunohistochemical and genetic analysis in the diagnosis of these dystrophies, we present 10 cases of DMD/BMD with particular features. We have analyzed the patients with immunohistochemical staining and PCR multiplex to screen for exons deletions. Determination of the quantity and distribution of dystrophin by immunohistochemical staining can confirm the presence of dystrophinopathy and allows differentiation between DMD and BMD, but dystrophin staining is not always conclusive in BMD. Therefore, only identification involved mutation by genetic analysis can establish a correct diagnosis.