Mehwish Zafar - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Mehwish Zafar

Journal of pharmaceutical research international, May 25, 2022

Aim: To determine the frequency of teenage pregnancy with associated risk factors and various com... more Aim: To determine the frequency of teenage pregnancy with associated risk factors and various complications, and to evaluate the obstetric and fetal outcome. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the departments of Community Medicine, Pathology and Gynecology & Obstetrics, Peoples University of Medical and Health Sciences, Nawabshah, and Suleman Roshan Medical College Tando Adam, from January 2019- June 2020, consisting of 108 teenage mother group (13-18 years) and 108 adult primigravid reference mother group (19-22 years) that gave birth during the study period. Results: The teenage group had mostly Spontaneous vaginal delivery 61.11% (n=66). Majority of the teenage mothers suffered from pregnancy complication of anemia 72. 2% (n=78) compared with the reference group 22.2% (n=24). 46.29% neonates of the teenaged group mothers developed complications including Low birth weight 52% (n=26), Preterm Birth 10% (n=5) and most serious complication Perinatal death 4% (n=2) compared to the reference group. Conclusion: The teenage pregnancies are high risk pregnancies with potential maternal and fetal complications.

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International

Aim: To assess the frequency and association of obstetric complications in extreme of maternal ag... more Aim: To assess the frequency and association of obstetric complications in extreme of maternal ages. Methods: A cross-sectional comparative study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital of district Nawabshah, Sindh and Suleman Roshan Medical College during the period April 2019- May 2020. The data regarding adverse obstetric outcomes of all teenage (<18 years) compared with the reference group of (19-22 years) and women of (>35 years) were compared with reference (31-34 years of age) delivering at the facility. The frequencies, percentages were derived as part of descriptive statistics, chi-square was used for parametric testing with 0.05 level of significance and odds ratio were applied to compare the risk of extreme age groups with their respective reference groups. Results: A total of 104 participants were recruited in this study among 16.3% accounted for teenage (<18 years) and 34.6% accounted for advanced maternal age (> 35 years). Multivariate association between...

Stock market performance, economic and political condition of a country is interrelated and has b... more Stock market performance, economic and political condition of a country is interrelated and has been an important debating issue. Many studies directly or indirectly have been dealing with the macro and institutional factors and their correlation with the stock market performance at both theoretical and empirical levels. Keeping in mind the Pakistani perspective, many studies cannot be traced into literature. Therefore, macro-economic determinants of stock market performance in Pakistan can be examined using a time series data for the period 1988 2008. We take only macroeconomic determinants due to unavailability of accurate information on institutional variables. Whereas, institutional variables are reflected in macroeconomic factors, such as, investment and trading rules are highly correlated with stock market liquidity and can be measured through Value Traded, while, stock market liquidity is one of the determinants used for this research. The set of macroeconomic determinants ar...

Khyber Medical University Journal, 2019

OBJECTIVE: To determine body image disturbance and relationship satisfaction between obese and no... more OBJECTIVE: To determine body image disturbance and relationship satisfaction between obese and non-obese married women.METHODS: Study sample consisted of 100 participants. Data was collected through purposive sampling technique from different gyms and nutrient-clinics of Johar Town, Faisal Town and Model Town of Lahore city. Educated females having minimum education level of intermediate belonging to upper and middle-class families were recruited. The shortened form of Body Shape Questionnaire and Relationship Assessment Scale were administered, in addition to collecting demographic information through a semi structure performa. Independent sample t-test and Pearson’s Product-Moment Correlation was used in the analysis of the data, using SPSS v.21.RESULTS: Most of obese and non-obese married women (n=41/50) were in the age range of 25-35 years and 30-40 years respectively with mean age of 34 years for obese and 33 years for non-obese married women. Husband’s mean age for obese and n...

Oral cancer is labeled as one of the most common human malignancy worldwide. Regardless of the ad... more Oral cancer is labeled as one of the most common human malignancy worldwide. Regardless of the advancements made in its treatment it has a very low 5 years survival rate. This is due to late diagnoses and poor responses to treatment because of advanc ed/late stage at the time of presentation. Specific early biomarkers are required that can predict severity and stage of the disease. Inflammatory cytokines especially, IL-6 plays a c entral role in cancer. IL-6, a pro-inflammatory cytokine, secreted by various cells of the body, has been thoroughly investigated in oral cancer development and progression by various studies. An electronic article search was done through PubMed, Google Scholar and Medscape, using the following key words: oral cancer, Interleukin -6 and IL6 gene polymorphism. All types of articles were included to discuss the role of IL 6 gene polymorphism in the development of oral cance r.

Cadmium Toxicity and Tolerance in Plants, 2019

Abstract The inadequacy of fresh water availability in the agricultural sector has become a sever... more Abstract The inadequacy of fresh water availability in the agricultural sector has become a severe problem. Coupled with prevailing drought conditions, unavailability of plant essential nutrients has accelerated the food security threat significantly. However, unchecked loading of cadmium (Cd) into the environment due to the extensive use of adulterated fertilizers, sewage, and waste water, and dumping of industrial waste into agri-lands has made the plight of agricultural commodities more critical. Among different heavy metals, Cd is the most toxic, due to its high solubility and mobility in soil-plant systems. It inhibits plant growth and development through several mechanisms. Cd competes with plant essential nutrients (PENs) for uptake and translocation, and adversely affects plants' water status. Cadmium toxicity disturbs plant metabolism because of the restricted uptake and translocation of mineral nutrients. This chapter will discuss, in detail, the effects of Cd toxicity on nutrient uptake by roots and their onward translocation to aerial plant parts. Moreover, this chapter will also discuss possible strategies to offset the harm of Cd toxicity with the use of organic and inorganic amendments, incorporation of plant growth regulators, and the addition of microbial inoculums.

The International Journal of Frontier Sciences, 2020

Background: Pakistan established the Punjab healthcare commission to improve patient care caterin... more Background: Pakistan established the Punjab healthcare commission to improve patient care catering to professional accountability in the public and private sectors. As per the World Health Organization, quality of care comprises of six dimensions where the care must be effective, efficient, accessible, patient-centered, equitable, and safe. Objectives: The objectives are to determine if patients are satisfied with the quality of services in public and private sectors, or if any neglect was present. Methods: The literature on patient care and satisfaction was compiled using a scoping review methodology. PubMed, CINAHL Plus, and Scopus were used to collate information. Duplicates were removed using Endnote X9. Results: Of the 467 abstracts and titles that were screened for relevance, 74 were considered for full-text review and potential inclusion in the scoping review. Out of 16 included studies, 7 (43.8%) of the included studies originated from Pakistan. The characteristics of includ...

Chemosphere, 2019

This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the ad... more This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.

Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development, 2013

As South Asian Countries have location advantage, this study examines the impact of economic, soc... more As South Asian Countries have location advantage, this study examines the impact of economic, social and political factors on inward foreign direct investment into Pakistan, India and Bangladesh using a time series data for the period 1991-2010. The set of macroeconomic determinants are market size measured by GDP and market potential measured by per capita GDP, exchange rate measured by real effective exchange rate, macroeconomic stability measured by inflation and trade openness measured by the ratio of trade to GDP, political instability measured by political index taken from polity IV. Social determinants are cost of capital measured by real interest rate and quality of physical infrastructure measured by internet users (per 100 people). The paper highlights the finding that macroeconomic stability is insignificant variable for Pakistan and Bangladesh. Infrastructure is statically and economically significant variable for India, while market size is a significant variable for India but not for Bangladesh. Political instability is insignificant variable for India and Bangladesh. This paper fills the gap by identifying the common location advantage variables for FDI inflows between Pakistan, India and Bangladesh.

British Journal of Medicine and Medical Research, 2015

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International, 2022

Aims: To determine the frequency of parasitic infestation among children in our setup. Study Desi... more Aims: To determine the frequency of parasitic infestation among children in our setup. Study Design: Observational study Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at the department of Pediatric Medicine and Department of Pathology, Suleman Roshan Medical College and Hospital, Tando Adam, Pakistan from 17th October 2020 to 30th May 2021. Methods: A total of 2412 consecutive patients aged between 5 to 12 years, who attended the outpatient department for the complain of abdominal pain, diarrhea or dysentery, the clinically anemic cases, patients having history of occult blood (black stools) were included in the study. The demographic and clinical details of all the cases were collected on a structured proforma designed for the study. All the patients were investigated for stool examination. The patients already having negative stool report for parasite were excluded from the study. Microscopic examination of the fecal smear in normal saline was performed for the detection o...

Journal of Biosafety and Biosecurity, 2019

Introduction: Pakistan Biological Safety Association (PBSA) is a not for profit, nongovernmental,... more Introduction: Pakistan Biological Safety Association (PBSA) is a not for profit, nongovernmental, professional organization established in 2008 and is striving to promote and implement Bio risk management in Pakistan. PBSA accelerated its program for strategic training of the national life scientists from 2013 and is still working on that mandate with the help of Fogarty International Center (FIC) & National Institute of Health USA and other international organizations working on this Global Health Security Initiative and subsequently Agenda (GHSA) Aims & Objectives: This biosafety training program was developed for capacity building of M.Phil. and PhD graduates the future laboratory users of Basic Medical Sciences Institute (BMSI), Jinnah Post Graduate Medical Center which is the largest tertiary care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan involved in Research &Development (R&D) in medical sciences. Materials & Methods: This Pre post study was carried at Basic Medical Sciences Institute (JPMC), during the period of October 2018 to January 2019. A total of 48 (16 PhD. 32 M.Phil.) Grads students participated in the following study. The training program is administered through, custom made 4-month course having 16 contact hours also 4 hours of practical training. Training was evaluated using written assessment. The pre and post-training test was conducted after each session. Each test comprised of 15 multiple choice questions (MCQs) pre and post session making it 30 MCQs in total for each session. A final assessment consisting 30 MCQs conducted at the end of course. Results: There was vast difference observed in the post assessment results as compared to the pre assessment results. At the end of the course final assessment was carried out which gave an overall impression of vast change (83.3%) in awareness regarding bio risk management among the graduate students, which reflected the efficacy of this training. To ensure the validity of results and the intention to improvise the quality of course in future, feedback regarding the course and trainer was obtain through Likert scale. Reliability of Likert scale carried through Cronbach's alpha, showed all variables with a maximum score of 0.9, indicating high reliability of the generated feedback evaluation. Conclusion: This study highlighted that through concerted efforts of professional organizations, proper awareness of public and concerned personals, regarding Biosafety & Biosecurity can certainly reduce the chances of errors and will ensure potential safety and security to the laboratory workers, community and environment, potentially exposed to these pathogens & toxins which are regarded as biohazards.