Melanie Bania - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Melanie Bania
On a mis à l’essai des programmes fondés sur des données probantes en utilisant les méthodes et l... more On a mis à l’essai des programmes fondés sur des données probantes en utilisant les méthodes et les modèles d’évaluation scientifique les plus rigoureux. Ces programmes sont efficaces et ont été étudiés en profondeur pour révéler les éléments clés qui contribuent directement à des résultats positifs pour leur population cible. Ils comprennent un ensemble de normes et de pratiques très précises qui doivent, selon leurs concepteurs, être respectées pour que le programme soit efficace. Le présent document a pour objectif de mettre en évidence les éléments clés efficaces d’une série de programmes de prévention du crime bien documentés. La présente étude comprend l’examen d’un total de 31 programmes individuels.
La présente trousse est le résumé d’un projet d’envergure qui comprend une vaste analyse document... more La présente trousse est le résumé d’un projet d’envergure qui comprend une vaste analyse documentaire reflétant la théorie, la pratique et les connaissances actuelles en matière d’adaptation à l’échelle locale de programmes d’intervention dans diverses disciplines et les principaux éléments efficaces des programmes de prévention du crime fondés sur des données probantes. Le rapport intègre cette information tout en essayant de répondre à la question suivante : De quelle façon peut-on adapter les initiatives de prévention du crime fondées sur des données probantes qui proviennent d’un programme réussi afin de les appliquer dans de nouveaux contextes avec des personnes, des cultures et des régions géographiques différentes, tout en s’assurant qu’ils demeurent efficaces?
Youth justice and youth mental health agencies in Ontario want to provide the same quality of ser... more Youth justice and youth mental health agencies in Ontario want to provide the same quality of service for Francophone youth as for English-speaking youth. Despite the need for high quality programming, many agencies have struggled to find suitable evidence-based French-language programs and resources. As a result, many rely on spontaneous translation of English programs, and do not have the resources to provide the same level of service to Francophone youth. This project addresses the knowledge gap by gaining an understanding of current French-language program needs in the youth justice and youth mental health sectors, identifying what is currently being used, and what may be promising for the future. This has been achieved through an environmental scan of youth justice and mental health agencies in Ontario, followed by a scan of predominantly French-language youth-serving agencies in Québec. The research was conducted in partnership with Youth Now Canada, the Youth Services Bureau of Ottawa, and Phoenix House for Youth. It was funded by the Ontario Ministry of Children and Youth Services as part of the Canada-Ontario Agreement on French Language Services.
Evidence-based programs have been tested using the most rigorous of scientific evaluation designs... more Evidence-based programs have been tested using the most rigorous of scientific evaluation designs and methodologies. These programs are effective and have been studied in-depth to reveal the key elements that contribute directly to positive outcomes for their target population. These programs have a very specific set of standards and practices that their developers insist must be adhered to for the program to be effective. The objective of this document is to highlight the key effective elements of a series of well-researched crime prevention programs. A review of a total of thirty-one individual programs were included in the present study.
Rethinking newcomer and minority offending and victimization: beyond hate crimes …
Concevoir autrement la délinquance et la victimisation des nouveaux
Over the past few decades, there has been a shift in crime control discourses, from an almost exc... more Over the past few decades, there has been a shift in crime control discourses, from an almost exclusive focus on traditional criminal justice objectives and practices, to attention to 'community' and a range of strategies that seek to prevent crime and increase safety. Overall, evaluations of the community mobilization approach to crime prevention and safety conclude that these initiatives have generally demonstrated limited long-term impacts on 'crime' and safety at the local level. Through the 'what works' lens, the limits of the approach have typically been attributed to implementation challenges related to outreach and mobilization, and inadequate resourcing. Through a more critical lens, using studies on governmentality as a starting point, this study examines the mechanisms through which crime prevention and community safety became thinkable as sites of governance in Canada, and more specifically within the Community Development Framework (CDF) in Ottawa (ON). To this end, I conducted an ethnography using a triangulation of data collection methods, including extensive fieldwork and direct participant observation within the CDF. The findings of this ethnography describe in detail how the CDF emerged and unfolded (from 2008 to 2010) from a variety of perspectives. These findings show that the CDF encountered a number of common challenges associated with program implementation and community-based evaluation. However, the lack of progress made towards adhering to CDF principles and reaching CDF goals cannot be reduced to these failures alone. The CDF highlights the importance of locating the community approach to crime prevention within its wider socio-political context, and of paying attention to its numerous 'messy actualities'. These include the dynamics and repercussions of: governing at a distance and of the dispersal of social control; the neoliberal creation and responsibilization of choicemakers; relations of power, knowledge and the nature of expertise; the messiness of the notion of 'community'; bureaucratic imperatives and professional interests; the words versus deeds of community policing; and processes relevant to resistance within current arrangements. iii
... Ross Hastings, Laura Dunbar and Melanie Bania ... market) have restructured the legitimate ro... more ... Ross Hastings, Laura Dunbar and Melanie Bania ... market) have restructured the legitimate routes out of crime and, together with changes in the educational system, have additionally influenced the availability of and access to such routes (Farrall, Bottoms & Shapland, 2010). ...
National Crime Prevention Centre, Public Safety Canada, 2018
This toolkit is a summary of a larger project that consists of a broad literature review reflecti... more This toolkit is a summary of a larger project that consists of a broad literature review reflecting current theory, practice and knowledge on the local adaptation of intervention programs in a variety of disciplines, and key effective elements of evidence-based crime prevention programming. This report integrates this information while attempting to answer the following question: How can evidence-based crime prevention initiatives be adapted from one successful program into new contexts with different people, cultures, and geographies, while remaining effective?
Support for Young People with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD): Recommendations for Enhancing Services, Sep 2015
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) is an umbrella term that refers to brain injury as a resul... more Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) is an umbrella term that refers to brain injury as a result of prenatal alcohol exposure. It includes physical, mental, behavioural and learning disabilities, with lifelong implications. Health Canada estimates the prevalence of FASD in Canada is 9 in 1,000 births, which is 3,000 babies per year (Brems, Boschma-Wynn, Dwane, Edwards, & Robinson, 2010; Brown, Sigvaldason, & Bednar, 2005; PHAC, 2005). The purpose of this review was to summarize current FASD research, focusing on outcomes of programs and services for young people with FASD. Researchers reviewed academic literature, grey literature (e.g. government papers and service agency reports), and consulted with ten Youth Now Canada staff members.
Crime Prevention: Sustaining the Momentum, 2009
... American research has linked residential mobility with higher crime rates through reduced g... more ... American research has linked residential mobility with higher crime rates through reduced guardianship ... Finally, there is evidence that black men living in Toronto's predominantly black ... new Toronto Anti-Violence Intervention Strategy (TAVIS), which included the hiring of 450 ...
Youth justice and youth mental health agencies in Ontario want to provide the same quality of ser... more Youth justice and youth mental health agencies in Ontario want to provide the same quality of service for Francophone youth as for English-speaking youth. Despite the need for high quality programming, many agencies have struggled to find suitable evidence-based French-language programs and resources. As a result, many rely on spontaneous translation of English programs, and do not have the resources to provide the same level of service to Francophone youth. This project addresses the knowledge gap by gaining an understanding of current French-language program needs in the youth justice and youth mental health sectors, identifying what is currently being used, and what may be promising for the future. This has been achieved through an environmental scan of youth justice and mental health agencies in Ontario, followed by a scan of predominantly French-language youth-serving agencies in Québec. The research was conducted in partnership with Youth Now Canada, the Youth Services Bureau of Ottawa, and Phoenix House for Youth. It was funded by the Ontario Ministry of Children and Youth Services as part of the Canada-Ontario Agreement on French Language Services.
On a mis à l’essai des programmes fondés sur des données probantes en utilisant les méthodes et l... more On a mis à l’essai des programmes fondés sur des données probantes en utilisant les méthodes et les modèles d’évaluation scientifique les plus rigoureux. Ces programmes sont efficaces et ont été étudiés en profondeur pour révéler les éléments clés qui contribuent directement à des résultats positifs pour leur population cible. Ils comprennent un ensemble de normes et de pratiques très précises qui doivent, selon leurs concepteurs, être respectées pour que le programme soit efficace. Le présent document a pour objectif de mettre en évidence les éléments clés efficaces d’une série de programmes de prévention du crime bien documentés. La présente étude comprend l’examen d’un total de 31 programmes individuels.
La présente trousse est le résumé d’un projet d’envergure qui comprend une vaste analyse document... more La présente trousse est le résumé d’un projet d’envergure qui comprend une vaste analyse documentaire reflétant la théorie, la pratique et les connaissances actuelles en matière d’adaptation à l’échelle locale de programmes d’intervention dans diverses disciplines et les principaux éléments efficaces des programmes de prévention du crime fondés sur des données probantes. Le rapport intègre cette information tout en essayant de répondre à la question suivante : De quelle façon peut-on adapter les initiatives de prévention du crime fondées sur des données probantes qui proviennent d’un programme réussi afin de les appliquer dans de nouveaux contextes avec des personnes, des cultures et des régions géographiques différentes, tout en s’assurant qu’ils demeurent efficaces?
Youth justice and youth mental health agencies in Ontario want to provide the same quality of ser... more Youth justice and youth mental health agencies in Ontario want to provide the same quality of service for Francophone youth as for English-speaking youth. Despite the need for high quality programming, many agencies have struggled to find suitable evidence-based French-language programs and resources. As a result, many rely on spontaneous translation of English programs, and do not have the resources to provide the same level of service to Francophone youth. This project addresses the knowledge gap by gaining an understanding of current French-language program needs in the youth justice and youth mental health sectors, identifying what is currently being used, and what may be promising for the future. This has been achieved through an environmental scan of youth justice and mental health agencies in Ontario, followed by a scan of predominantly French-language youth-serving agencies in Québec. The research was conducted in partnership with Youth Now Canada, the Youth Services Bureau of Ottawa, and Phoenix House for Youth. It was funded by the Ontario Ministry of Children and Youth Services as part of the Canada-Ontario Agreement on French Language Services.
Evidence-based programs have been tested using the most rigorous of scientific evaluation designs... more Evidence-based programs have been tested using the most rigorous of scientific evaluation designs and methodologies. These programs are effective and have been studied in-depth to reveal the key elements that contribute directly to positive outcomes for their target population. These programs have a very specific set of standards and practices that their developers insist must be adhered to for the program to be effective. The objective of this document is to highlight the key effective elements of a series of well-researched crime prevention programs. A review of a total of thirty-one individual programs were included in the present study.
Rethinking newcomer and minority offending and victimization: beyond hate crimes …
Concevoir autrement la délinquance et la victimisation des nouveaux
Over the past few decades, there has been a shift in crime control discourses, from an almost exc... more Over the past few decades, there has been a shift in crime control discourses, from an almost exclusive focus on traditional criminal justice objectives and practices, to attention to 'community' and a range of strategies that seek to prevent crime and increase safety. Overall, evaluations of the community mobilization approach to crime prevention and safety conclude that these initiatives have generally demonstrated limited long-term impacts on 'crime' and safety at the local level. Through the 'what works' lens, the limits of the approach have typically been attributed to implementation challenges related to outreach and mobilization, and inadequate resourcing. Through a more critical lens, using studies on governmentality as a starting point, this study examines the mechanisms through which crime prevention and community safety became thinkable as sites of governance in Canada, and more specifically within the Community Development Framework (CDF) in Ottawa (ON). To this end, I conducted an ethnography using a triangulation of data collection methods, including extensive fieldwork and direct participant observation within the CDF. The findings of this ethnography describe in detail how the CDF emerged and unfolded (from 2008 to 2010) from a variety of perspectives. These findings show that the CDF encountered a number of common challenges associated with program implementation and community-based evaluation. However, the lack of progress made towards adhering to CDF principles and reaching CDF goals cannot be reduced to these failures alone. The CDF highlights the importance of locating the community approach to crime prevention within its wider socio-political context, and of paying attention to its numerous 'messy actualities'. These include the dynamics and repercussions of: governing at a distance and of the dispersal of social control; the neoliberal creation and responsibilization of choicemakers; relations of power, knowledge and the nature of expertise; the messiness of the notion of 'community'; bureaucratic imperatives and professional interests; the words versus deeds of community policing; and processes relevant to resistance within current arrangements. iii
... Ross Hastings, Laura Dunbar and Melanie Bania ... market) have restructured the legitimate ro... more ... Ross Hastings, Laura Dunbar and Melanie Bania ... market) have restructured the legitimate routes out of crime and, together with changes in the educational system, have additionally influenced the availability of and access to such routes (Farrall, Bottoms & Shapland, 2010). ...
National Crime Prevention Centre, Public Safety Canada, 2018
This toolkit is a summary of a larger project that consists of a broad literature review reflecti... more This toolkit is a summary of a larger project that consists of a broad literature review reflecting current theory, practice and knowledge on the local adaptation of intervention programs in a variety of disciplines, and key effective elements of evidence-based crime prevention programming. This report integrates this information while attempting to answer the following question: How can evidence-based crime prevention initiatives be adapted from one successful program into new contexts with different people, cultures, and geographies, while remaining effective?
Support for Young People with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD): Recommendations for Enhancing Services, Sep 2015
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) is an umbrella term that refers to brain injury as a resul... more Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) is an umbrella term that refers to brain injury as a result of prenatal alcohol exposure. It includes physical, mental, behavioural and learning disabilities, with lifelong implications. Health Canada estimates the prevalence of FASD in Canada is 9 in 1,000 births, which is 3,000 babies per year (Brems, Boschma-Wynn, Dwane, Edwards, & Robinson, 2010; Brown, Sigvaldason, & Bednar, 2005; PHAC, 2005). The purpose of this review was to summarize current FASD research, focusing on outcomes of programs and services for young people with FASD. Researchers reviewed academic literature, grey literature (e.g. government papers and service agency reports), and consulted with ten Youth Now Canada staff members.
Crime Prevention: Sustaining the Momentum, 2009
... American research has linked residential mobility with higher crime rates through reduced g... more ... American research has linked residential mobility with higher crime rates through reduced guardianship ... Finally, there is evidence that black men living in Toronto's predominantly black ... new Toronto Anti-Violence Intervention Strategy (TAVIS), which included the hiring of 450 ...
Youth justice and youth mental health agencies in Ontario want to provide the same quality of ser... more Youth justice and youth mental health agencies in Ontario want to provide the same quality of service for Francophone youth as for English-speaking youth. Despite the need for high quality programming, many agencies have struggled to find suitable evidence-based French-language programs and resources. As a result, many rely on spontaneous translation of English programs, and do not have the resources to provide the same level of service to Francophone youth. This project addresses the knowledge gap by gaining an understanding of current French-language program needs in the youth justice and youth mental health sectors, identifying what is currently being used, and what may be promising for the future. This has been achieved through an environmental scan of youth justice and mental health agencies in Ontario, followed by a scan of predominantly French-language youth-serving agencies in Québec. The research was conducted in partnership with Youth Now Canada, the Youth Services Bureau of Ottawa, and Phoenix House for Youth. It was funded by the Ontario Ministry of Children and Youth Services as part of the Canada-Ontario Agreement on French Language Services.