Merriam Almarsoomi - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Merriam Almarsoomi

Letters in Applied Microbiology, 2002

The purpose of this study was to investigate the presence of Aeromonas hydrophila at commonly use... more The purpose of this study was to investigate the presence of Aeromonas hydrophila at commonly used water collection points on the River Njoro and to determine the in-vitro antimicrobial susceptibility and plasmid profiles of isolates. In total, 126 samples were collected and 36.5% of them were positive for A. hydrophila. The A. hydrophila were recovered on membrane filters, cultured on Trypticase Soy agar, Bile aesculin agar and Aeromonas Medium agar. They were further characterized using cytochrome oxidase and API 20E tests. Detection of drug susceptibility was determined using modified disc diffusion method to ampicillin (25 μg), cefaclor (30 μg), ceftizoxime (30 μg), cefixime (5 μg), cefazidime (30 μg), gentamicin (200 μg), streptomycin (25 μg), chloramphenicol (50 μg), nalidixic acid (30 μg) and ciprofloxacin (1 μg). Most of the isolates showed multi-drug resistance to two or more antibiotics. Chloramphenicol, nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin, cefazidime and cefixime were the most sensitive drugs with 100% efficacy whereas ampicillin, cefaclor and streptomycin were the most resistant drugs having 100, 67 and 50 resistance, respectively. There was low resistance against ceftizoxime (16.7%) and gentamicin (23.3%). These results indicates that all A. hydrophila isolated from River Njoro had complete resistance to ampicillin and showed variable resistance to cefaclor, streptomycin, gentamycin and ceftizoxime. R-plasmids were extracted from multi-drug resistance strains and separated by agarose gel (0.8%) electrophoresis for profiling. Plasmid profiling revealed that most of the multi-drug resistant isolates contained one plasmid of 21.0 kb. Although some strains exhibited different antimicrobial resistance patterns, all of their plasmids were of the same size (21.0 kb). However, there were no plasmids in the antimicrobial sensitive isolates. This study also indicates that plasmid 21.0 kb is common in A. hydrophila and is important for antimicrobial resistance and virulence. Further studies are required to ascertain the role of this plasmid as a virulence marker.

Annals of Tropical Medicine and Public Health, 2021

Pathogenic bacteria isolated from cow milk represent play a major role in mastitis and are not ea... more Pathogenic bacteria isolated from cow milk represent play a major role in mastitis and are not easy to treat even with the use of a wide range of antibacterial agents. Finding alternative substances that may eliminate those bacteria with less side effects especially if they are derived from natural sources. Here, guava (Psidiumguajava L.) leaf extracts (GLE) of six solvents; n-hexane (HGLE), methanol (MGLE), ethanol (EGLE), ethyl acetate (EtGLE), and chloroform (CGLE) were used to evaluate their Mueller-Hinton-II based inhibition activities against Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumonia, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella spp. (isolated from milk of local cows in the current work). The results showed that the CGLE was highly effective in decreasing the growth of the selected bacteria, followed by, EtGLE, MGLE, and EGLE when compared with the ciprofloxacin control. The findings revealed that HGLE did not show any activity in inhibiting those ba...

Annual Research & Review in Biology

Objectives: This study aim to determine the bacterial diversity, biofilm forming ability and the ... more Objectives: This study aim to determine the bacterial diversity, biofilm forming ability and the antimicrobial resistance of bacteria isolated from saliva of patients with dental caries conditions with the using of 16S rRNA gene sequencing technique for identification of the most virulent isolates. Methods: Isolation and identification of microorganisms were done employing standard bacteriologic techniques, followed by biofilm detection using tissue culture plate method. The strong biofilm forming isolates were selected for antibiotic susceptibility test against selected antibiotics using disk diffusion technique. In order to identify the selected isolates. The genomic DNA obtained following the extraction process were used for the amplification of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene. Results: A total of 137 bacterial isolates were obtained and identified as belonging to 21 genera. Tissue culture plate (TCP) method were employed for screening the isolates according to its biofilm forming ab...

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL RESEARCH

Globally, the wide use of antibiotics in human treatments, animal food supplements, and agricultu... more Globally, the wide use of antibiotics in human treatments, animal food supplements, and agriculture practice was the main cause of the emergence of multi antibiotics resistant strains of bacteria which led to a critical health problem. The purpose of this study was to reviewing the antibiotics resistance ability of strong biofilm former isolates isolated from saliva, teeth and necrotic roots canals. Biofilm formation assay was done by using Microtiter plate method (MTP), among 267 bacterial isolates (137 from saliva, 88 from teeth and 42 from necrotic roots canal), 104 isolates (55 from saliva, 32 from teeth and 17 from necrotic roots canals) were considered as strong biofilm former and were screened according to its antibiotics resistance ability. The results showed that almost all the isolates can form visible growing biofilms when compared to the controls, though with difference in the degree of adhesions (strong, moderate and weak). Enterococcus sp. isolated from saliva, teeth and necrotic roots canals was the strongest biofilm former bacteria and as well as the most antibiotic resistant isolates. Further, the study revealed that antimicrobial resistance of bacteria isolated from saliva, teeth and necrotic roots canals of patients with dental caries conditions is associated with biofilm formation.

International Journal of ChemTech Research

Globally, antibiotic resistance among oral microbiota has constituted an increasing health challe... more Globally, antibiotic resistance among oral microbiota has constituted an increasing health challenge, and limited information regarding such resistance is available. This study was designed to isolate both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria from different sources of oral samples and screen the isolates for biofilm forming and antibiotics resistance abilities. A total of 72 samples were collected, 21, 31 and 20 were from saliva, teeth and necrotic roots canals respectively. In general, among 267 total isolates, 16.2% were identified as Enterococcus sp. and it was considered as the most prevalence genus, followed by Streptococcus sp.

July-2019

The present study was aimed to detect the presence of multiple antibiotic resistance, antibiotic ... more The present study was aimed to detect the presence of multiple antibiotic resistance, antibiotic resistance genes and plasmid profile of Vibrio alginolyticus isolated from seawater and sediment of different beaches in Malaysia. Forty five isolates, including 24 seawater and 21 sediment isolates of V. alginolyticus were tested against 14 antibiotics for the antibiogram profile and the presence of the plasmids. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was conducted to elucidate the presence of 7 antibiotic resistance genes including Streptomycin resistance (strB), β-lactamase resistance (blaP1), Chloramphenicol Resistance (floR), Tetracycline Resistance (tetA), Erythromycin resistance (ermB), Quinolone resistance protein (qnrA) and Aminoglycosides resistance (aac(3)-IIa). Antibiotic resistance studies revealed that in seawater isolates, the highest percentage of antibiotic resistant was obtained against erythromycin E and penicillin P (100%), whereas the lowest antibiotic resistant percentage was obtained from both chloramphenicol C and nalidixic acid NA (16.66 %). The sediment isolates of V. alginolyticus showed 100% resistance against both penicillin P and ampicillin AM and the lowest percentage was of gentamycin CN (0 %). There were 17 different antibiotic patterns were observed from the V. alginolyticus in this study. The plasmid size was ranged from 2.3 Kb to 21.6 Kb, while there was no detection of plasmid in19 isolates. The highest resistance gene percentage of seawater isolates was found to be ermB (91.66%) which was followed by blapl with 70.83% of resistance gene. The lowest percentage of resistance gene was floR with 16.66% of resistance gene. The highest percentage of resistance gene in seawater isolates was found to be tetA with 61.9% of resistance gene and the lowest percentage was obtained from floR which had 14.28% resistance gene. The finding of this study was showen high percentage of resistance genes in seawater than sediment isolates. These results suggest that the V. alginolyticus isolated from seawater and sediments observed in this study were pathogenic, and involved a source of antibiotic resistance genes that could be transmitted to other population of bacteria through mobile genetic elements.

Microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) that responsible for corrosion problems, especially ... more Microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) that responsible for corrosion problems, especially in oil and gas industry. The microorganism capable of iron reduction (IRB) that involving in MIC mechanisms, was contributing as a main problem for locali corrosion. Shewanella species are considered to be major iron whether any of the Shewanella sp.are important in formation of biofilm on carbon steel surfaces. Over 158 colony associated with anaerobic cultivable and high producing H bacterial strains were identified as Shewanella most commonly encountered, among the genera of bacteria observed. followed by Shewanella algae.34 isolates were selected as and change VMNI color to black during 1 crystal violate method, we observed that the 34 strains were able to produce biofilm. The 34 strains strains from S. chilikensis and S. algae, respectively) strong biofilm producers, 15 (8 and 7 strains from respectively) moderate biofilm producers, and only 1 from gene sequence analysis confirmed the identification of these two major groups. This finding is important to increase the info isolate, identify and perform initial characterization on these associated bacte KEY WORDS Crude oil, Shewanella species, biofilm formation, 16S rRNA, Malaysia Carbon steel metals are considered by the oil and gas industry to be the most efficient and economical metals for the storage and transportation of hydrocarbon all over the world, this is because during oil and gas operations, carbon steel metals are subjected to different corrosion deteriorating mechanisms which is as a result of the interaction that exist between the c involved in the oil industries is microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC). MIC is considered to be responsible of the 20% or even higher of the total corrosion in the oil and gas indust

Background and Aim: Despite the importance of the global emergence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus inf... more Background and Aim: Despite the importance of the global emergence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus infections worldwide, there has been scanty information on its occurrence in Malaysian seawaters and fish. This study aimed to determine the occurrence of V. parahaemolyticus isolates using polymerase chain reaction targeted at toxin operon gene, thermostable direct hemolysin (tdh), and tdh-related hemolysin genes and to determine antibiotic resistance pattern, genes, and plasmid profile of V. parahaemolyticus from Malaysian seawaters and fish. Materials and Methods: Samples were collected from four recreational beaches in Malaysia (Port Klang; Bachok; Port Dickson; and Mersing). Thiosulfate-citrate-bile salts-sucrose (TCBS) agar and chromogenic Vibrio agar were used for isolation and identification. Colonies with yellow color on TCBS and green color on chromogenic vibrio (CV) agar were considered to be V. parahaemolyticus and they were subjected to biochemical tests. All V. parahaemolyticus isolates were further subjected to identification using seven specific gene markers. Results: Seventy-three Vibrio isolates were recovered. Only one gene tdh from seawater isolates of Vibrio has high virulence gene percentage (95.23%). Two genes alkaline serine protease (asp) and (tdh) had high percentage of virulence (83.87% and 80.64%, respectively) from fish. Comparatively, fish isolates have a higher virulence percentage compared to seawater isolates. Only gene streptomycin resistance B (strB) from seawater had 100% of the resistance genes. All isolates were multi-antibiotic resistant. Seventeen antibiotic resistance patterns were observed. The isolates had plasmids of varying sizes ranging from 2.7 kb to 42.4 kb. Dendrogram based on antibiotic resistance patterns of V. parahaemolyticus isolates discriminated the isolates into three clusters. Conclusion: This study demonstrated the occurrence of pathogenic, multi-antibiotic-resistant V. parahaemolyticus strains in Malaysian coastal waters and fish, and this could constitute potential public health risks.