Meselu Ahmed - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Meselu Ahmed

Frontiers in Veterinary Science

Escherichia coli O157:H7 is an emerging and major zoonotic foodborne pathogen. It has an increasi... more Escherichia coli O157:H7 is an emerging and major zoonotic foodborne pathogen. It has an increasing concern about the spread of antimicrobial-resistant strains. This study aimed to isolate and characterize Shiga toxin-producing E. coli O157:H7 from raw milk, yogurt, and meat of bovine origin and determine their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern. A cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2014 to June 2015, and a total of 284 milk and meat samples were collected from different sources in Mekelle. The collected samples were analyzed for the presence of E. coli and Shiga toxin-producing E. coli O157:H7 and the determination of their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern following the standard bacteriological and molecular techniques and procedures and antimicrobial sensitivity test. Out of the total 284 samples, 70 (24.6%) were bacteriologically positive for E. coli and 14.3% were found to be Shiga toxin-producing E. coli O157:H7. Of note, 100% of E. coli isolates carried th...

ABSTRACTE. coli are frequently isolated food-borne pathogens from meat, milk, and their products.... more ABSTRACTE. coli are frequently isolated food-borne pathogens from meat, milk, and their products. Moreover, there has been a significant rise in the antimicrobial resistance patterns of E. coli O157:H7 to commonly used antibiotics. A cross-sectional study was conducted from October, 2019 to July, 2021 to estimate prevalence and identify associated factors of E. coli and E. coli O157:H7 and to determine antibiotic resistance pattern of E. coli O157:H7 from foods of bovine origin in Dessie and Kombolcha towns. A total of 384 samples were collected. Systematic and simple random sampling techniques were employed for sampling carcasses and milking cows, respectively. E. coli and E. coli O157:H7 were detected according to recommended bacteriological protocols. E. coli O157:H7 strains were evaluated for in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility using agar disk diffusion method. Both descriptive and inferential statistical techniques were applied to analyze the data. Overall prevalence rates of...

bioRxiv, 2020

Bovine brucellosis is an infectious bacterial disease caused by members of genus Brucella, affect... more Bovine brucellosis is an infectious bacterial disease caused by members of genus Brucella, affecting both animals and humans, and resulting in a serious economic loss in animal production sector and deterioration of public health. This cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2014 to April 2015 to determine the sero-prevalence and associated risk factors of bovine brucellosis in Sendafa, Oromia special Zone, Ethiopia. A total of 503 blood samples were collected using simple random sampling technique from dairy cattle of above 6 months of age with no history of previous vaccination against brucellosis. All sera samples were demonstrated using both Rose Bengal Plate Test for screening and Compliment Fixation Test for confirmation. Accordingly, the overall sero-prevalence of bovine brucellosis in this area was 0.40%. The result showed that the sero-prevalence of bovine brucellosis in the study area was not statistically significant with all proposed risk factors. Thus, the stu...

Milk and its products are highly susceptible to microbial attack because of their rich compositio... more Milk and its products are highly susceptible to microbial attack because of their rich composition. Therefore, the current cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2013 to April 2014 to isolate Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and evaluate its in vitro antimicrobial resistance pattern from bovine raw milk of lactating dairy cows of five private dairy farms of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. A total of 267 milk samples were randomly and aseptically collected and tested using bacteriological and antibiotic susceptibility tests. The findings were analyzed using WHONET 5.6 and SPSS Version 16 Softwares. The phenotypic results showed that out of the total 267 cultured raw milk samples 14(5.24%) were found to be coagulase positive S. aureus. All the positive isolates were subjected to antibiotic susceptibility tests against twelve antimicrobial agents of different antibiotic classes. The antibiogram profile of the tested S. aureus results revealed as large proportions of the isolates wer...

The Open Microbiology Journal, 2020

A cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2014 to June 2015 in Mekelle. A total of 284 ... more A cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2014 to June 2015 in Mekelle. A total of 284 samples were collected purposively. Enumeration of total viable bacteria count (TVBC), bacteriological isolation and identification, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, as well as PCR amplification of fem A and mec A genes were performed. Chi-square (χ) and one way ANOVA tests were used for analysis.

Background: Escherichia coli O157:H7 is an emerging and major zoonotic foodborne pathogen with an... more Background: Escherichia coli O157:H7 is an emerging and major zoonotic foodborne pathogen with an increasing concern for the emergence and spread of antimicrobial-resistant strains which may results in sporadic cases to serious outbreaks in the whole world. Cattle have been identified as a major reservoir of the pathogen. This study aimed to isolate and characterize Shiga toxin-producing E. coli O157:H7 from raw milk, yogurt, and meat of bovine origin and determine their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2014-June 2015 and a total of 284 milk and meat were collected from different sources in Mekelle. The collected samples were analyzed for the presence of E. coli and Shiga toxin-producing E. coli O157:H7 and determination of their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern following the standard bacteriological and molecular techniques and procedures, and antimicrobial sensitivity test. Results: Out of the total 284 samples,...

2 Abstract: Rabies is an acute fatal viral illness of the central nervous system that affects all... more 2 Abstract: Rabies is an acute fatal viral illness of the central nervous system that affects all warm blooded vertebrates and is one of the most disastrous and major public-health diseases for both animal and human being in most of the parts of the developing world, where the domestic dog plays a principal role as a reservoir and transmitter of the disease to humans. A retrospective study was conducted from November, 2013 to May, 2014 in and around Asella Town, Oromia, with the main objective of generating baseline information on the magnitude of rabies, thereby to create awareness among policy makers and public at large in Asella in particular and in the region as well as in the country in general. Secondary data and questionnaire were used to study the disease in the area. The result indicated that a total of 504 peoples that were bitten/infected by rabies suspected animals within the period of 2008-2013 were received anti-rabies post exposure vaccine. As the data indicated an av...

PloS one, 2021

Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli are globally recognized as a major cause of bacterial... more Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli are globally recognized as a major cause of bacterial foodborne gastroenteritis. A cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2015 to May 2016 in Mekelle city to isolate, identify, and estimate the prevalence of C. jejuni and C. coli in raw meat samples and to determine their antibiotic susceptibility pattern. A total of 384 raw meat samples were randomly collected from bovine (n = 210), goat (n = 108), and chicken (n = 66), and isolation and identification of Campylobacter spp. were performed using standard bacteriological techniques and PCR. Antibiotic susceptibility test was performed using disc diffusion method. Of the total 384 raw meat samples, 64 (16.67%) were found positive for Campylobacter spp. The highest prevalence of Campylobacter spp. was found in chicken meat (43.93%) followed by bovine meat (11.90%) and goat meat (9.25%). The most prevalent Campylobacter spp. isolated from meat samples was C. jejuni (81.25%). The over...

Listeria monocytogenes is an opportunistic and emerging foodborne zoonotic pathogen that encompas... more Listeria monocytogenes is an opportunistic and emerging foodborne zoonotic pathogen that encompasses a diversity of strains with varied virulence and can cause serious human and animal infections worldwide with low incidence but high hospitalization and case fatality rates. A cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2016 to June 2017 to estimate the molecular epidemiology of L. monocytogenes and its serotypes, and antimicrobial resistance pattern of isolates in Mekelle City. A total of 768 (384 of milk and 384 meat) samples of bovine origin were collected using a purposive random sampling technique. Isolation and identification of L. monocytogenes was done according to standard and recommended bacteriological procedures. Genome-based confirmation of each isolate was performed at species and serovar levels by targeting Iap, Imo0737, ORF2819 and ORF2110 genes using specific primers. In vitro antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using agar plate antibiotic disk d...

Journal of Tropical Medicine

Food-borne microorganisms are major pathogens affecting food safety and cause human illness world... more Food-borne microorganisms are major pathogens affecting food safety and cause human illness worldwide as a result of consumption of foodstuff, mainly animal products contaminated with vegetative pathogens or their toxins. Most of these microbes have zoonotic importance resulting in significant impact on both public health and economic sectors. Bacteria are the causative agents of two-thirds of human food-borne diseases worldwide with high burden in developing countries. Hence, the objectives of this review paper are to highlight the background of food-borne bacterial pathogens and to review common major food-borne zoonotic bacterial pathogens. Food animals are the major reservoirs of many food-borne zoonotic bacterial pathogens, and food products of animal origin are the main vehicles of transmission. Meat, dairy products, and eggs are the main ways by which people are exposed to zoonotic bacteria. S. aureus, Salmonella species, Campylobacter species, L. monocytogenes, and E. coli a...

AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY, 2012

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a nosocomial pathogen of increasing risk on... more Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a nosocomial pathogen of increasing risk on community. This study aims at determining the risk of MRSA transfer from coins as silent and underestimated reservoir in community. One hundred swabs from coins were collected from college students in Malaysia. A series of identification and differentiating tests were conducted for precise identification of MRSA bacteria. Moreover, this study compared the efficacy of the different identification tests with gold standard, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. The tests used were tube coagulase, DNase agar test, antibiogram, several routine biochemical identification tests and PCR assays. PCR assay used specific primers for resistance or ID-related genes: mecA, ermA, ermB, ermC, msrA, linA, femA, and nuc genes. A total of 37 bacterial isolates were isolated from college students' coins; non-PCR assays of identification and resistance detection revealed the presence and spread of MRSA in coins of 2 college students. PCR-amplification of the nuc gene was used as a baseline test to detect S. aureus. PCR showed only one isolate as true MRSA. False positive MRSA by disc diffusion assay might be attributed to low pH and high thymidine content of Muller Hinton agar medium. Collectively, coins proved to be possible source for the transfer of MRSA in community of college students in South East Asia. Moreover, PCR assay for identification of S. aureus resistance proved to be superior on other methods.

Frontiers in Veterinary Science

Escherichia coli O157:H7 is an emerging and major zoonotic foodborne pathogen. It has an increasi... more Escherichia coli O157:H7 is an emerging and major zoonotic foodborne pathogen. It has an increasing concern about the spread of antimicrobial-resistant strains. This study aimed to isolate and characterize Shiga toxin-producing E. coli O157:H7 from raw milk, yogurt, and meat of bovine origin and determine their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern. A cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2014 to June 2015, and a total of 284 milk and meat samples were collected from different sources in Mekelle. The collected samples were analyzed for the presence of E. coli and Shiga toxin-producing E. coli O157:H7 and the determination of their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern following the standard bacteriological and molecular techniques and procedures and antimicrobial sensitivity test. Out of the total 284 samples, 70 (24.6%) were bacteriologically positive for E. coli and 14.3% were found to be Shiga toxin-producing E. coli O157:H7. Of note, 100% of E. coli isolates carried th...

ABSTRACTE. coli are frequently isolated food-borne pathogens from meat, milk, and their products.... more ABSTRACTE. coli are frequently isolated food-borne pathogens from meat, milk, and their products. Moreover, there has been a significant rise in the antimicrobial resistance patterns of E. coli O157:H7 to commonly used antibiotics. A cross-sectional study was conducted from October, 2019 to July, 2021 to estimate prevalence and identify associated factors of E. coli and E. coli O157:H7 and to determine antibiotic resistance pattern of E. coli O157:H7 from foods of bovine origin in Dessie and Kombolcha towns. A total of 384 samples were collected. Systematic and simple random sampling techniques were employed for sampling carcasses and milking cows, respectively. E. coli and E. coli O157:H7 were detected according to recommended bacteriological protocols. E. coli O157:H7 strains were evaluated for in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility using agar disk diffusion method. Both descriptive and inferential statistical techniques were applied to analyze the data. Overall prevalence rates of...

bioRxiv, 2020

Bovine brucellosis is an infectious bacterial disease caused by members of genus Brucella, affect... more Bovine brucellosis is an infectious bacterial disease caused by members of genus Brucella, affecting both animals and humans, and resulting in a serious economic loss in animal production sector and deterioration of public health. This cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2014 to April 2015 to determine the sero-prevalence and associated risk factors of bovine brucellosis in Sendafa, Oromia special Zone, Ethiopia. A total of 503 blood samples were collected using simple random sampling technique from dairy cattle of above 6 months of age with no history of previous vaccination against brucellosis. All sera samples were demonstrated using both Rose Bengal Plate Test for screening and Compliment Fixation Test for confirmation. Accordingly, the overall sero-prevalence of bovine brucellosis in this area was 0.40%. The result showed that the sero-prevalence of bovine brucellosis in the study area was not statistically significant with all proposed risk factors. Thus, the stu...

Milk and its products are highly susceptible to microbial attack because of their rich compositio... more Milk and its products are highly susceptible to microbial attack because of their rich composition. Therefore, the current cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2013 to April 2014 to isolate Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and evaluate its in vitro antimicrobial resistance pattern from bovine raw milk of lactating dairy cows of five private dairy farms of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. A total of 267 milk samples were randomly and aseptically collected and tested using bacteriological and antibiotic susceptibility tests. The findings were analyzed using WHONET 5.6 and SPSS Version 16 Softwares. The phenotypic results showed that out of the total 267 cultured raw milk samples 14(5.24%) were found to be coagulase positive S. aureus. All the positive isolates were subjected to antibiotic susceptibility tests against twelve antimicrobial agents of different antibiotic classes. The antibiogram profile of the tested S. aureus results revealed as large proportions of the isolates wer...

The Open Microbiology Journal, 2020

A cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2014 to June 2015 in Mekelle. A total of 284 ... more A cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2014 to June 2015 in Mekelle. A total of 284 samples were collected purposively. Enumeration of total viable bacteria count (TVBC), bacteriological isolation and identification, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, as well as PCR amplification of fem A and mec A genes were performed. Chi-square (χ) and one way ANOVA tests were used for analysis.

Background: Escherichia coli O157:H7 is an emerging and major zoonotic foodborne pathogen with an... more Background: Escherichia coli O157:H7 is an emerging and major zoonotic foodborne pathogen with an increasing concern for the emergence and spread of antimicrobial-resistant strains which may results in sporadic cases to serious outbreaks in the whole world. Cattle have been identified as a major reservoir of the pathogen. This study aimed to isolate and characterize Shiga toxin-producing E. coli O157:H7 from raw milk, yogurt, and meat of bovine origin and determine their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2014-June 2015 and a total of 284 milk and meat were collected from different sources in Mekelle. The collected samples were analyzed for the presence of E. coli and Shiga toxin-producing E. coli O157:H7 and determination of their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern following the standard bacteriological and molecular techniques and procedures, and antimicrobial sensitivity test. Results: Out of the total 284 samples,...

2 Abstract: Rabies is an acute fatal viral illness of the central nervous system that affects all... more 2 Abstract: Rabies is an acute fatal viral illness of the central nervous system that affects all warm blooded vertebrates and is one of the most disastrous and major public-health diseases for both animal and human being in most of the parts of the developing world, where the domestic dog plays a principal role as a reservoir and transmitter of the disease to humans. A retrospective study was conducted from November, 2013 to May, 2014 in and around Asella Town, Oromia, with the main objective of generating baseline information on the magnitude of rabies, thereby to create awareness among policy makers and public at large in Asella in particular and in the region as well as in the country in general. Secondary data and questionnaire were used to study the disease in the area. The result indicated that a total of 504 peoples that were bitten/infected by rabies suspected animals within the period of 2008-2013 were received anti-rabies post exposure vaccine. As the data indicated an av...

PloS one, 2021

Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli are globally recognized as a major cause of bacterial... more Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli are globally recognized as a major cause of bacterial foodborne gastroenteritis. A cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2015 to May 2016 in Mekelle city to isolate, identify, and estimate the prevalence of C. jejuni and C. coli in raw meat samples and to determine their antibiotic susceptibility pattern. A total of 384 raw meat samples were randomly collected from bovine (n = 210), goat (n = 108), and chicken (n = 66), and isolation and identification of Campylobacter spp. were performed using standard bacteriological techniques and PCR. Antibiotic susceptibility test was performed using disc diffusion method. Of the total 384 raw meat samples, 64 (16.67%) were found positive for Campylobacter spp. The highest prevalence of Campylobacter spp. was found in chicken meat (43.93%) followed by bovine meat (11.90%) and goat meat (9.25%). The most prevalent Campylobacter spp. isolated from meat samples was C. jejuni (81.25%). The over...

Listeria monocytogenes is an opportunistic and emerging foodborne zoonotic pathogen that encompas... more Listeria monocytogenes is an opportunistic and emerging foodborne zoonotic pathogen that encompasses a diversity of strains with varied virulence and can cause serious human and animal infections worldwide with low incidence but high hospitalization and case fatality rates. A cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2016 to June 2017 to estimate the molecular epidemiology of L. monocytogenes and its serotypes, and antimicrobial resistance pattern of isolates in Mekelle City. A total of 768 (384 of milk and 384 meat) samples of bovine origin were collected using a purposive random sampling technique. Isolation and identification of L. monocytogenes was done according to standard and recommended bacteriological procedures. Genome-based confirmation of each isolate was performed at species and serovar levels by targeting Iap, Imo0737, ORF2819 and ORF2110 genes using specific primers. In vitro antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using agar plate antibiotic disk d...

Journal of Tropical Medicine

Food-borne microorganisms are major pathogens affecting food safety and cause human illness world... more Food-borne microorganisms are major pathogens affecting food safety and cause human illness worldwide as a result of consumption of foodstuff, mainly animal products contaminated with vegetative pathogens or their toxins. Most of these microbes have zoonotic importance resulting in significant impact on both public health and economic sectors. Bacteria are the causative agents of two-thirds of human food-borne diseases worldwide with high burden in developing countries. Hence, the objectives of this review paper are to highlight the background of food-borne bacterial pathogens and to review common major food-borne zoonotic bacterial pathogens. Food animals are the major reservoirs of many food-borne zoonotic bacterial pathogens, and food products of animal origin are the main vehicles of transmission. Meat, dairy products, and eggs are the main ways by which people are exposed to zoonotic bacteria. S. aureus, Salmonella species, Campylobacter species, L. monocytogenes, and E. coli a...

AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY, 2012

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a nosocomial pathogen of increasing risk on... more Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a nosocomial pathogen of increasing risk on community. This study aims at determining the risk of MRSA transfer from coins as silent and underestimated reservoir in community. One hundred swabs from coins were collected from college students in Malaysia. A series of identification and differentiating tests were conducted for precise identification of MRSA bacteria. Moreover, this study compared the efficacy of the different identification tests with gold standard, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. The tests used were tube coagulase, DNase agar test, antibiogram, several routine biochemical identification tests and PCR assays. PCR assay used specific primers for resistance or ID-related genes: mecA, ermA, ermB, ermC, msrA, linA, femA, and nuc genes. A total of 37 bacterial isolates were isolated from college students' coins; non-PCR assays of identification and resistance detection revealed the presence and spread of MRSA in coins of 2 college students. PCR-amplification of the nuc gene was used as a baseline test to detect S. aureus. PCR showed only one isolate as true MRSA. False positive MRSA by disc diffusion assay might be attributed to low pH and high thymidine content of Muller Hinton agar medium. Collectively, coins proved to be possible source for the transfer of MRSA in community of college students in South East Asia. Moreover, PCR assay for identification of S. aureus resistance proved to be superior on other methods.